TW522075B - Polishing pad with a transparent portion - Google Patents
Polishing pad with a transparent portion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW522075B TW522075B TW090104198A TW90104198A TW522075B TW 522075 B TW522075 B TW 522075B TW 090104198 A TW090104198 A TW 090104198A TW 90104198 A TW90104198 A TW 90104198A TW 522075 B TW522075 B TW 522075B
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- Prior art keywords
- polishing
- refractive index
- polishing composition
- polishing pad
- composition
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]I(=O)=O JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001230 potassium iodate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940093930 potassium iodate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006666 potassium iodate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium nitrate Chemical compound [Cs+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- -1 ( Hepta-I-propoxy) (propyl) Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBOFVQJTBBUKMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-methylene-bis-(2-chloroaniline) Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C(Cl)=C1 IBOFVQJTBBUKMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PYVHTIWHNXTVPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N F.F.F.F.C=C Chemical compound F.F.F.F.C=C PYVHTIWHNXTVPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001112258 Moca Species 0.000 description 1
- BCXBKOQDEOJNRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N NOP(O)=O Chemical class NOP(O)=O BCXBKOQDEOJNRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004520 agglutination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IVHKZGYFKJRXBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N amino carbamate Chemical compound NOC(N)=O IVHKZGYFKJRXBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- GOKKOFHHJFGZHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CC GOKKOFHHJFGZHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxylamine group Chemical group NO AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/304—Mechanical treatment, e.g. grinding, polishing, cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/11—Lapping tools
- B24B37/20—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/205—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces provided with a window for inspecting the surface of the work being lapped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/11—Lapping tools
- B24B37/20—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/26—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces characterised by the shape of the lapping pad surface, e.g. grooved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/12—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving optical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
- B24D13/14—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/02—Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Description
522075
本發明關於利用一拋光墊拋光半導體基材,該拋光墊具 有一傳導光束之透明部分,當拋光基材時,光束係由半導 體基材表面反射。 口人進一步瞭解半導體基材之坶光係利用化學機械式拋 光CMP),此拋光動作以CMp將一層金屬自金屬之底層障礙 薄層處清除,且進一步將障礙薄層自半導體基材上底層電 介層處清,,其在做為基材之電介層上形成一平滑之拋洗 表面,連績之材料層在電介層上製造且形成精確尺寸之相 互連f電路,其置入與拋光表面同樣高度之凹槽中。 1^^6,074, 287號專利揭示一種已知之拋光塾,其用以 拋光半導體基材。此拋光動作由拋光墊上拋光表面所完 成,其係配合拋光墊與半導體基材界面處之流體拋光合成 物。該拋光墊至少一部分對光束為透明的,以便傳導光束 入射在半導體基材表面上。光束傳送一光學訊號,其入射 在半導體基材表面上,並自該表面處反射。當光學訊號因 拋光而移除時,光學訊號係關於基材層厚度變化之編碼資 氘。反射之光照射至一偵測器,偵測器監控著此資訊之光 學訊號。此外,偵測器亦監控著端點偵測(EpD)之光學訊 唬,知點偵測表示尾端點之發生,由於偵測器得知基材層 之移除動作已完成’拋光動作在該端點處停止。 由於拋光墊拋光表面由平滑狀況開始變化,其造成一問 題。拋光表面之輪廓具有頂點及凹處,其包括粗糙之表面 構造及平滑表面。此一輪廓加強了拋光磨耗以及將流體拋 光合成物均勻的分佈在拋光墊與半導體基材之界面處。抛
522075
,塾表面上之頂點及凹處改變了表面之方位,故光束以不 同之角度入射在該表面上,其取決於入射點處表面之方 位此外,拋光墊表面因拋光半導體基材而磨損,务改變 、貝”沾及凹處以及表面之方位。拋光表面之輪廓變化使入 射光束散射,其非吾人所欲見且使光學訊號衰退以及光束 方向錯誤。 另問題為拋光墊及流體拋光合成物在其界面處交匯, 由於拋光墊及流體拋光合成物在界面處之折射角度差異 性,光束將產生散射。因此,其有必要使拋光墊透明部分 之光束在界面處之散射降至最低。 本發明利用一拋光墊透明部分之表面將界面處之光束散 射降至最低,本發明包含一拋光墊用以拋光半導體基材, 該拋光墊至少一部分對光束而言為透明的,且透明^分之 折射率近似流體拋光合成物之折射率,其差異性小於數個 百分比,該流體拋光合成物係用在半導體基材拋光使光束 之散射降至最低。 此外,本發明包含一方法,其用以調整拋光半導體基材 之流體拋光合成物之折射率,該方法包括:在溶液中加入 非活性鹽以調整拋光合成物之折射率,小於數個百分比, 其近似物拋光墊透明部分之折射率。 n 本發明另包含一流體拋光合成物,其用以抛光半導體芙 材且其折射率可調整’差異小於數個百分比,以近似抛^ 墊透明部分之折射率,該拋光墊運用於半導體美材之抛 光,其使拋光合成物與透明部分界面處之光束散射降至最
% 5 1 ' -^ -- 522075 五、發明說明(3) -—-- 低。 本發明具體實施例以範例加以揭示,其係參見下列詳 述 ° 拋光墊之透明部分包括但不限定於一或多個us第 6,1 71,1 8 1號專利所揭示之拋光墊完整透明部分,一 5, 6 0 5, 760號專利詳示之完整透明拋光墊,以及一做為心 口之透明部分,其包括一安裝在usf5,6〇5,76〇號專利= 揭示拋光墊開口中之透明材料塞子以及一複數層拋光墊之 透明層,該專利皆為本案說明書所參考列舉者。透明部分 係安裝在拋光墊之拋光層中,該拋光墊具有許多拋光層。 拋光墊一拋光表面連續伸展在拋光墊之透明部分及其餘部 位上。 拋光塾之拋光表面由平順之狀況開始變化且具有頂點及 凹處之輪廓’其包含一或多個不同之構造但不限定於多孔 表面’粗糙表面以及具有凹槽之表面。在一具體實施例 中,透明部分之表面輪廓具有如us第5, 489, 233號專利所 揭示之表面構造或圖樣。此一輪廓欲達利一或多個下列目 的,其包含但不限定於:加強拋光磨耗,以及將流體拋光 合成物均勻的分佈在拋光墊及半導體基材之界面處。拋光 塾表面上頂點及凹處改變了表面之方位,因此光束以不同 之角度入射在該表面上,其取決於入射點之表面方位。此 外,拋光墊表面因拋光半導蟓基材而磨耗,其改變了頂點 及凹處而使表面之方位產生變化。因此,拋光表面之不同 輪廓造成光束之散射。散射並非吾人所欲見,因為藉由光
522075
束所傳送之光學訊號衰退且光束之方向錯誤。故其有必要 使表面構造頂點及凹處所造成之光緣傳送變化(散射) 失(衰退)降至最低。 $胃 抛光墊之背面與一拋光裝置之滾筒接觸,拋光墊係直接 或藉由一中間底墊安裝在該滾筒上,拋光裝置之細節揭示 於歐洲第EP07471 67之EP963041 1 8號專利申請案中。抛光 塾之抛光表面在抛光過程中施加一作用力在半導體美材 上,流體拋光合成物在拋光過程中分佈於拋光墊與半導體 基材之界面處。拋光合成物為液態溶液,其包含但不限定 於一或多種金屬氧化劑以及金屬離子複合劑,並與自半導 體基材處拋光而移,除之金屬化學反應。,根據一具體實施 例,拋光合成物另包含懸浮在液態溶液中之研磨顆粒。根 據另一具體實施例,拋光合成物不具磨耗性並配合具有研 磨料之拋光墊使用。根據另一具體實施例,拋光墊^拋光 過程中釋放研磨顆粒而懸浮在液態溶液中。 另一問題係由於拋光墊及流體拋光合成物沿著其界面處 交匯而造成光束之散射,其原因為拋光墊及流體拋光合成 物在界面處具有無法匹配之折射率。因此,其有必要在界 面處利用拋光墊透明部分使光束之散射降至最低。 本發明之拋光墊具有一固相之透明部分,其折射率與流 體抛光合成物之折射率僅有數個百分比之差異。本發明利 用拋光塾透明部分之表面使界處之光束散射降至最低,本 發明包括一拋光墊用以拋光半導體基材,該拋光墊具有至 少一部分對光束而言為透明的,且透明部分之折射率與流
522075 五、發明說明(5) 體抛光合成物之折射率差異性小於數個百分比,該流體拋 光合成物係運用於半導體基材之拋光過程中,拋光墊之表 面具有頂點及凹處,該凹處充滿著流體拋光合成物,該頂 ”、、占二凹處中抛光合物組合物形成一合成物抛光表面,其折 射率差” I'生]於數個比分比並使光束之散射降至最低。 ^抛光合成物為液態溶液且包含但不限定於一或多種金屬 氧化劑以及金屬離子複合劑,其與自半導體基材處拋光而 移除之金屬化學反應。氧化劑與複合劑之濃度可加以調整 並可改4其化學成分,其便與拋光移除之金屬合成物化學 ^ 卜 了添加氧化抑制劑並調整濃度,以便抑制半 導體基材電’丨體材料之姓刻及/或氧化。根據本發明之量 測私序可得知每個拋光合成物之折射率。 2光墊透明部分折射率之選定係取決於所量測之拋光合 f ί射率,根據一量測,透明部分之折射率1R約等於流 扎光合成物之折射率,此處所述約等於係指± 2·5%範圍 入二ί據其他量測,拋光墊透明部分之折射率與流體拋光 二^物折射率之差異係在〇1至2.5%之範圍中。在一具體 射】。0中,透明部分之折射率(IR]i明部與拋光合成物折 拋光合成物)之差異係在〇·1,〇·2,〇·3,〇 4,〇 5, ’〇·9,L0,1」,1.2 ,.14,.l 5, 之範 ^由1·8 ’h9,2.〇 ’2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4 至 2.5% 摩。圍=,其以在〇.1至1.5%之範圍中較佳,其以在〇 1至 之乾圍中為最佳。該差異亦可在0 〇1 , • υ4,〇· 05,〇· 06,〇· 07,0·08,0· 09,〇· 10,〇 u,
第8頁 522075 五、發明說明(6) 〇·12,0·13,0·14,0.15,0.16,0.17,〇·18,〇·ΐ9 至 0· 20%之範圍中,其以在〇. 〇ι至〇· i 0%之範圍中較佳。 當流體拋光合成物大部分由IR為1 · 3 3之水份組成時,其 少部分在溶液中使IR具有不同之值,本發明拋光墊透明部 分之I R與流體拋光合成物之I r差異小於數個百分比,例如 IR 之範圍約為1· 30,1· 31,1· 32,1· 33,1. 34,1· 35 至 1· 36 ’本發明透明部分之IR透明部分宜約丨· 31至丨· 35,其以 約為1· 32至1· 34較佳,即約1· 32,1· 33或1· 34較佳,其以 1. 3 3為最佳。 具有固相中所需IR之拋光墊較佳材料揭示於第二版之聚 合物手冊(Polymer Handbook)第 111-241 至 III-242 頁,其 ^John Wiley and Sons ^mtersc ience Publishers'^' 1 975年所出版,編輯著為ut。吾 =體之任一聚合物折射 : 度為P及折射係數r且藉由重量c之插錢,其為:早體之山 數其折射指*與密度有關且其中折射係 數為貝S折射係數以及Μ為分子重量。 包含該透明部分之材耝^ 7^ t 丙烯酸醋,聚(四氟化乙十m括但*限定於透明之氣化 (丙稀酸醋:,聚(四:(化四3%化,(七I化丙氧基)(丙基) 酸醋),聚(四氣化乙烯),七氣化乙乳基)(丙基)(丙烯 (九氟化戊基丙稀酸贈)以及' 氣化己基丙浠酸醋),聚 (丙基)(丙稀酸醋)。及聚(四氣化-3-(三氟化甲氧基)
第9頁 522075
透明部分係利用任何已知之聚入 透明以及液相中配製以提供上述;:二:製成’即固相中 述固相㈣。該材料之範例包括以提供上 醋,丙稀酸,乡元碳酸醋,耐隆一,於聚,基曱酸 偏二氟乙烯,聚醚楓,聚苯乙烯,取3 ’聚氣乙烯’聚 透明部分之製造係利用聚合物之模聚四氣己稀。 加工聚合物至所需之尺寸及厚或:壓,以及燒結或 5,6。5,76〇及6,171,181號專利中,節揭示於㈣ 列舉者。 -專利中其為本案說明書所參考 抛光塾-具體實施例包括-拋光層及一被覆層,該抛光 層為聚乱基甲酸酯層,例如位於德拉維爾州(Delaware), 紐渥克(Newark)市之Rodel, Inc·,公司所製造之材料 IC 1 0 0 0,該被覆層為較不具彈性層,例如位於德拉維爾 州’紐渥克市之Rodel, Inc·,公司所製造之材料Suba IV。撤光層具有一拋光頂面及一底面,被覆層具有一頂面 及一底面,拋光層及被覆層通常利用壓感式黏著劑接合在 一起0 在一具體實施例中,拋光層及被覆層對190至3500十億 分之一微米波長為不透明的,其係具有重疊之開口。透明 部分可僅位於拋光層開口中,或拋光層及被覆層開口中。 當透明部分僅位於拋光層開口中時,被覆層中開口尺寸宜 小於抛光層開口尺寸’以提供一^配合該透明部分之支撑 座。
第10頁 522075 五、發明說明(8) 拋光墊宜包括聚合物陣列,其由氨基甲酸酯,三聚氰 胺,多兀酯,聚楓,聚醋酸乙烯酯,氟化烴以及類似物, 與其混合物’其聚物及接枝物所組成。聚合物須具有足夠 之硬度及強度以防止在拋光操作中產生磨損,聚合物陣列 包括氨基甲酸酯聚合物,其由多元酯為基礎之液態氨基曱 酸酯所形成,例如AdipreneTM系列產品,其可自康州米多 堡(Middlebury)市之 Uriir〇yal Chemicai c〇·, lnc·公司 所購得。液態氨基曱酸酯範例包含約9至9 · 3 %重量之自由 異氰酸鹽’其他具體實施例包含不同之異氰酸鹽衍生產品 及初期聚合物。 一液態氨基曱酸酯範例與多功能之胺,聯胺,三胺或多 功此氫氧基複合物或混合之多功能複合物反應,該複合物 例如氨基曱酸酯/尿素交鏈網路中氫氧基/胺,以便形成尿 素環及加工/交鏈聚合物網路。該液態基曱酸酯範例與 次甲基一叉(2一氣苯胺)("M〇CA"),其可為密西根州 炎德:ir(Adrian)市之Anderson Development Co·公司所販 售之產品CURENE㊣442。 /抛光材料之輪廓為長方形薄層或在模鑄裝置中製造,所 形成之物件係切割,切片或加工至所需之任何厚度或形 狀雖然所揭示之透明部分係兩層堆疊之拋光墊,其亦可 利用單層抛光墊,其拋光層中無被覆層,或利用堆疊之拋 光塾’其包括兩層以上。 已知之抛光墊對19〇至3 50 0十億分之一微米波長為不透 明的’其折射率大於約丨· 2 4至丨· 5,此外該拋光墊對新發
522075 五、發明說明(9) 展之放射裝置為透明的,該裝置發射之光速波長係在1 9 0 至3 5 0 0十億分之一微米範圍外。因此,本發明另包含一流 體拋光合成物,其用以拋光半導體基材且其折射率可調整 與已知拋光墊透明部分之折射率差異小於數個百分比。此 一調整使透明部分之折射率與流體拋光合成物折射率之差 異係在或小於0. 1至2. 5%之範圍中。在一具體實施例中, 透明部分之折射率(I R g μ 與抛光合成物折射率(I R & %合& 物)之差異係在 0 · 1 ,0 · 2 ,0 · 3 ,0 · 4 ,0 · 5 ,0 · 6 ,0 · 7 , 0. 8,0· 9,1 · 0,1 . 1,1 · 2,:L 3,:I · 4,:L 5,l·· 6,:L 7 : 1 . 8 ,:L 9 ,2 . 0 ,2 . 1 ,2 . 2 ,2 · 3 ,2 . 4 至 2 . 5 % 之範圍中 〇 吾人可在溶液中添加非活性鹽而調整拋光合成物之I R, 例如硝酸鉋及/或碘酸鉀,其與拋光合成物之其他成份不 會產生化學反應,亦不會與半導體基材起化學反應。此 外,蛾酸鉀濃度增加使折射率產生不均勻之差異,其可在 較大之範圍内調整I R。
O:\69\69559.ptd 第12頁 522075 圖式簡單說明 第13頁
Claims (1)
- 522075 六、申請專利範圍 1. 一種拋光墊,其用以拋光積體電路晶圓且包括一拋光 表面以及一位於拋光表面開口中之透明部分,其中該透明 部分之折射率近似拋光合成物之折射率,該拋光合成物係 用於化學機械式拋光。 2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之拋光墊,其中該透明部分 之折射率與用於化學機械式拋光之拋光合成物折射率差異 為 0 . 1 至 2 . 5 %。 3. —種抛光塾,其用以在抛光塾與半導體基材界面處抛 光半導體基材之表面且包括: 一拋光墊之透明部分,其傳送光束以入射在半導體基 材表面上; 一拋光表面,其位於透明部分上且具有頂點及凹處之 輪廊, 透明部分拋光表面上之凹處係充滿著流體拋光合成 物; 透明部分之折射率與拋光合成物折射率之差異小於 2 · 5 % ;及 透明部分拋光表面之頂點與凹處中拋光合成物在該界 面處形成一合成物表面,其折射率變化小於2 . 5%並使光束 散射降至最低。 4. 一種拋光墊及拋光合成物,其用以拋光半導體之表面 且包括: 一拋光墊之透明部分,其傳送光束以入射在半導體基 材表面上;O:\69\69559.ptc 第訏頁 522075 六、申請專利範圍 透明部分具有頂點及凹處之輪廓; 透明部分之折射率與拋光合成物折射率之差異小於 2.5%;及 透明部分之頂點與凹處中拋光合成物形成一合成物表 面,其折射率變化小於2. 5 %並使光束散射降至最低。 5 · —種製造拋光墊之方法,其步驟包括: 取得流體拋光合成物之折射率; 利用一材料製造拋光墊之透明部分,該材料之折射率 與拋光合成物折射率之差異小於2. 5% ;及 使透明部分之拋光表面具有頂點及凹處,其中該凹處 充滿著拋光合成物,該頂點與凹處中拋光合成物組合形成 一合成物抛光表面’其折射率與抛光合成物之折射率差異 小於2 . 5 %。 6 . —種調整流體拋光合成物之折射率之方法,該流體拋 光合成物係用以拋光半導體基材,該方法之步驟包括:在 溶液中添加非活性鹽以調整拋光合成物之折射率使其大於 拋光墊透明部分之折射率在數個百分比範圍内。 7. 根據申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中該添加非活性 鹽之步驟另包含添加硝酸鉋。 8. 根據申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中該添加非活性 鹽之步驟另包含添加蛾酸鉀。 9 . 一種流體拋光合成物,其用以拋光半導體基材且包 括:溶液中非活性鹽以調整拋光合成物之折射率使其大於 拋光墊透明部分之折射率在數個百分比範圍内,該拋光墊O:\69\69559.ptc 第15頁 522075 六、申請專利範圍 係用於半導體基材拋光過程中,其使拋光合成物與透明部 分界面處之光束散射降至最低。 1 0 .根據申請專利範圍第9項之流體拋光合成物,其中該 非活性鹽包含硝酸鉋或碘酸鉀或硝酸铯與碘酸鉀。O:\69\69559.ptc 第16頁
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US5893796A (en) | 1995-03-28 | 1999-04-13 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Forming a transparent window in a polishing pad for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus |
US6024630A (en) | 1995-06-09 | 2000-02-15 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Fluid-pressure regulated wafer polishing head |
US5605760A (en) * | 1995-08-21 | 1997-02-25 | Rodel, Inc. | Polishing pads |
US6074287A (en) | 1996-04-12 | 2000-06-13 | Nikon Corporation | Semiconductor wafer polishing apparatus |
JPH10166262A (ja) | 1996-12-10 | 1998-06-23 | Nikon Corp | 研磨装置 |
US6247998B1 (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2001-06-19 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Method and apparatus for determining substrate layer thickness during chemical mechanical polishing |
JP2000254860A (ja) * | 1999-03-08 | 2000-09-19 | Nikon Corp | 研磨装置 |
US6171181B1 (en) | 1999-08-17 | 2001-01-09 | Rodel Holdings, Inc. | Molded polishing pad having integral window |
-
2001
- 2001-02-23 KR KR1020027011074A patent/KR20020084150A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-02-23 JP JP2001561489A patent/JP2003524300A/ja active Pending
- 2001-02-23 EP EP01918230A patent/EP1257386A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-02-23 WO PCT/US2001/005956 patent/WO2001062440A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-02-24 US US09/792,813 patent/US6517417B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-02 TW TW090104198A patent/TW522075B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2003524300A (ja) | 2003-08-12 |
WO2001062440A1 (en) | 2001-08-30 |
US20010031610A1 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
KR20020084150A (ko) | 2002-11-04 |
EP1257386A1 (en) | 2002-11-20 |
US6517417B2 (en) | 2003-02-11 |
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