TW496007B - Method of making bonded-electrode rechargeable electrochemical cells - Google Patents
Method of making bonded-electrode rechargeable electrochemical cells Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW496007B TW496007B TW090107388A TW90107388A TW496007B TW 496007 B TW496007 B TW 496007B TW 090107388 A TW090107388 A TW 090107388A TW 90107388 A TW90107388 A TW 90107388A TW 496007 B TW496007 B TW 496007B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- separator
- plasticizer
- polymer
- composition
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 alkylene carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001521 polyalkylene glycol ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 229960003750 ethyl chloride Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003890 succinate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000194 supercritical-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 44
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 40
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002998 adhesive polymer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006370 Kynar Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KXCVRJMSLWDHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(9H-fluoren-1-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)N1C(CCC1)=O KXCVRJMSLWDHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920007479 Kynar® 741 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910013733 LiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012974 LiCo2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910032387 LiCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- YXVFQADLFFNVDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC([O-])=O YXVFQADLFFNVDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009459 flexible packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005570 flexible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002650 laminated plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005684 open-chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000807 solvent casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009823 thermal lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4895—Solvent bonding, i.e. the surfaces of the parts to be joined being treated with solvents, swelling or softening agents, without adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/10—Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/38—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
- B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
- B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2009/00—Layered products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
- B29L2031/3468—Batteries, accumulators or fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
- B32B2305/026—Porous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/40—Printed batteries, e.g. thin film batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
- Y10T29/49112—Electric battery cell making including laminating of indefinite length material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
- Y10T29/49114—Electric battery cell making including adhesively bonding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Description
496007 :五、發明說明(1) I 發明背景 I 本發明大致有關一種製備接合多層平坦電化學電池裝置; I (諸如可再充電電池組與超電容器)之方法。更明確地說, S本發明提出一種介於此等電化學電池裝置中所使用之經層丨… ;壓平面電極與微孔狀聚烯烴隔板構件之間的持久性界面接:, 丨合。 ' ! ! | 廣泛發展的鋰離子電化學原電池、蓄電池、可再充電電i |池係與本發明有關之電化學裝置的代表性裝置。此等電池 |包括各為正極與負極組合物構件之層或膜片,其與共存置 I中之隔板構件組裝在一起,該隔板構件包括一層電絕緣傳 遞離子材料層或膜片。通常以一種離子可活動電解質組合鲁 物(其通常呈流體狀態,而且一部分位於該隔板構件中)包i 裝此種多層電化學電池結構,以確保該電化學結構充電與i i放電循環期間,介於電極構件間之基本電子傳導性。 | 供此目的用之隔板種類之一係一種微孔狀聚烯烴膜片,i 其為單層或多層結構,諸如描述於例如美國專利 i 3,351,495 ; 5, 565, 281 以及5 ,667,911 。此等孔狀膜片作 為可再充電電化學電池隔板時,此等膜片不僅有效地將該 |主要液態電解質組合物保留在其孔狀結構中,而且亦提-供 |具有自動熱停止運轉特性之額外優點,該優點可以避免該 電化學電池内之不受控制熱累積,否則諸如在電池過度充 j 電期間,可能會形成危險的爆炸狀態。此種内建安全機制1 係仰賴隔板膜片製造中所使用之聚烯烴類熔點範圍位於電 ί化學電池熱累積危險區下限而達成。因此,在超出控制範1 ! i
第6頁 496007 五、發明說明(2) 圍加熱現象47 ,該孔狀聚烯烴隔板膜片加熱至熔點,而且 其孔結構崩潰,因而中斷該電池内之基本電子傳導性,並 於危險狀態發生之前中止該電化學反應。 該電化學電池結構之包裝迄今通常採用金屬容器形式, 其呈例如長管(圓柱形)或是平坦(稜)形,通常其不僅用於 容納液態電解質組份,亦用以施加維持個別電池電極與置 中隔板構件之間緊密物理性接觸所需之重要堆疊壓力。如 前述,此種與該電解質組合物之緊密接觸,對於該電化學 電池操作期間介於電極間之有效率電子運動極為重要。 然而,近年來,由L i電子電池組與類似電化學能量儲存 電池供應電力之電子裝置的豐富化與持續微型化,已產生 對於更多種電池包裝形狀與尺寸之需求,例如較寬而薄、 重量輕而且具有高度可撓性之包裝。例如,比起先前剛性 外壁高壓金屬罐容器,許多最終用途應用更需要薄而有撓 性之聚合物膜小片型包裝。然而,此等更具撓性包裝達到 並維持確使整個電化學電池基本緊密中間層接觸所需之實 質物理性壓力的能力降低。 為了最小化先前賴以形成電化學電池組件間必要接觸之 物理性堆疊壓力降低的不良效果,研究開發者已進行在電 極與隔板層之間使用直接層壓接合,確使其基本緊密接觸 。此等發明之代表係使用聚合物為底質電極與隔板構件的 電化學電池,諸如描述於美國專利5, 296, 318 ;5, 456, 000 ;5,460, 904 與5, 540, 741 中。 此等製造中,使用聚合物之組合物,諸如氣化乙烯、乙
第7頁 496007
五、發明說明(3) 腈、甲基丙烯酸曱酯、氧化乙烯、偏二氣乙 乙烯之聚合物與共聚物,著名的是聚(1,〗、二&與丨,1—二氟 (PVdF)共聚物與六氟丙烯(其可與有效率液^氣乙=) 物相容),作為該電極與隔板構件二者之勒^ 5解質組合 維持基本離子傳導性,亦在此等電池構件中"劑’其不J堇 組合物組件,其在相當低之層壓溫度範圍内,供一種常用 池構件間之強力界面黏附性。此種經層壓多居促成此等電 化學電池可以有效地操作,並顯示出安定高再充電電 使包裝在撓性輕量聚合膜外膜中,亦能顯=:置’而且即 性能。 不出優良放電率 雖然此等經層壓電化學電池與類似能量_ ^ 藝在微型化應用上有重大進步,但是其製诰^裝置使本技 均句之聚合基質與膜片卻使此等裝置喪失使用微孔 烴隔板膜片時所得到的所需熱停止運轉特性。然而,$ = 烯烴膜片顯示之低表面能量使其具有高度黏附性質,^ ^ 特別是在合理溫度範圍(其不會導致熔融,因此不會造成 該聚烯烴膜片之孔狀結構熱崩潰)内顯示出其與許多聚合 電極層組合物之強力永久性黏附力。 ° 電化學電池製造商已進行某些嚐試,以克服其他方面需 要的微孔狀聚烯烴隔板膜片之抗黏附性質,其係將特別調 配的黏合聚合物組合物導入該電極與隔板構件界面區,諸 如Abraham 等人於Journal of Electrochemical Society ,第142 (3)期,第683-687頁(1995);以及美國專利 5, 837, 015與5, 853,916所述。不過,大致上已發現,此等
496007 五、發明說明(4) 黏合組合物之塗覆一不論是表面塗覆、浸潰、擠出等一會 |明顯堵塞或者妨礙該聚烯烴膜片的孔狀結構,並造成電解| |質移動性與離子傳導性不利地降低。此外,添加實質量之丨 此等黏合材料會提高電池中的非反應性組份比例,因而減 I損任何形成能量儲存裝置的比容量。 : ! : 使電池之電極與隔板之間達到適當界面接合的代表係描 |述於美國專利5, 681,357與5, 716, 421之製程中。其中,當 |欲使用該膜片與電極(其包括相同聚合物之黏合劑基質組 |合物)熱層壓製造一種電化學電池時,自一種PVdF均聚物 |在有機溶劑中之溶液,將其塗覆於該微孔狀隔板膜片上。 很明顯地希望所添加之聚合物層不會過厚,以致於堵塞該ο 膜片之孔隙度,而非提供與較佳電極層組合物之基質聚合 物黏合劑之中間過渡相容性。已經證實此途徑不足以使其 本身在層壓溫度低於臨界水準(其造成隔板孔隙崩潰,因 |而喪失有效離子傳導性與所需之停止運轉能力)下,達到 I電池組件層之間符合需求之界面黏附作用。不論所添加聚 合物填滿該膜片之孔或是該層太薄,均無法形成與任何物 質之界面黏附。 於一種克服此種困難之嚐試中,發現一種黏附方法,其 包括在壓力下,加熱一種多層結構之經裝配個別組件,其 圍位在一個亦裝有一種含鋰鹽有機電解液之包裝内,該有|| 機電解液係作為該添加聚合物與該電極組合物之聚合物的 相互黏附形成溶劑。不過,此方法產生一些與裝配及電池_ 性能相關的問題。首先,在一個密封包裝内,很難對於多
第9頁 496007 I五、發明說明(5) j I重摺疊或纏繞電極/隔板組合體施加充分控制且均勻壓力 | ,以獲得個別層間之適當強力接合,特別是在摺疊區内之 !層間適當強力接合。其次,必須使用非常薄的電極層與集 |電器,以避免該電極與集電器龜裂及剝離。第三,將一種 |液態電解質激活電化學電池加熱至充分高溫使此種接合發 ;生作用,會使該電池之長期電化學性能變差,而且經常對 j該多層箔包裝材料與箔連接片(其通常用於此種平坦電化 學電池之製造方法中)造成永久性物理與化學傷害。 其他方法有關在微孔狀聚烯烴隔板與聚合物複合電極構 件之間達到一定程度之接合強度,同時維持已試用之隔板 構件開口結構。美國專利5,9 8 1,1 0 7建議一種方法,其中 在一個微孔狀聚烯烴隔板兩面塗覆許多小點,此等小點包 括在N-曱基吼咯烷酮(NMP)中之PVdF流體膠黏劑。然後在 壓力下將該隔板夾於兩個P V d F聚合組合物電極之間,隨後 乾燥該塗覆之黏合劑。很明顯地希望,該分散黏合劑圖型 可保持一種開口區域,使電解質自由存在在該區域内;不 過,因為NMP對PVdF及其共聚物而言是一種強力溶劑,而 且會使一種PVdF聚合物局部填滿該隔板的微孔,因此使該 隔板的有效離子傳導性降低。此外,所塗覆之黏合聚合組 合物無法提高電池質量,因此降低其有效能量儲存容量。 美國專利6,0 2 4,7 7 3揭示一種類似方法,其包括在一隔 板構件兩面均勻塗覆一種於Ν Μ P或其他強力溶劑中之P V d F 流體溶液,將該隔板夾在電極構件之間,將這三層壓在一 起,並於高溫下乾燥該組合體,形成一層壓製件。此種方
第10頁 496007 五、發明說明(6) | I 法中,上述 | 因此,本 i運轉保護而 丨經改良且經 |板膜片與高 I極可再充電 ί | 本發明提 狀聚烯烴隔 熱停止運轉 發明包括一 並不需要額 ;質電極構件 I面接合,但 構熱與機械 本發明之 塑化電極材 與過渡金屬 合物(較佳个 通常為r%度 ,而且可以 之子組件上 此種電化 中,例如5, 的問題更為明顯。 技藝中仍然需要一種製 且結合微孔狀聚烯烴隔 濟方法。亦需要一種有 容量、高放電率、具有 電化學電池的簡單、經 發明總論 出一種經由使用聚合基 板膜片,製造平坦、高 保護電化學電池之簡化 種用以製造電化學電池 外聚合基質黏合、组合物 與一未經改良微孔狀隔 是低到足以避免該電池 崩潰或其他堵塞之層壓 方法中,設置正極與負 料之聚合基質組合物層 的氧化物,例如L i C〇02 t況係包括聚(1,1 -二氟 壓縮或緻密層,諸如在 另外塗覆在具有實心或 或層壓於其上。 學電池電極構件係揭示 4 5 6, 0 0 0 與5, 5 8 7, 2 5 3 ,
造 容 量 λ 具 有 敎 停 止 板 膜 片 之 電 化 學 電 池 的 效 接 合 微 孔 狀 聚 烯 烴 隔 停 止 運 轉 保 護 之 接 合 電 濟 且 容 易 控 制 方 法 〇 質 電 極 與 經 濟 市 售 微 孔 容 量 Λ 南 放 電 率 具 有 方 法 〇 更 明 確 地 說 J 本 構 件 層 壓 製 件 之 方 法 J 而 且 在 可 以 使 聚 合 基 板 構 件 之 間 形 成 牢 固 界 隔 板 構 件 之 孔 狀 膜 片 結 溫 度 與 壓 力 下 進 行 〇 極 構 件 , 其 分 別 包 括 經 諸 如Li 離 子 置 中 之 碳 與L [n204 〇 此 等 電 極 組 乙 烯)聚合物或共ί 泛物) 壓 延 或 層 壓 壓 力 下 形 成 網 狀 金 屬 箔 集 電 器 構 件 於 若 干 美 國 專 利 說 明 書 其 .揭 示 以 提 .及 .的 方 ’式 〖併 496007 五、發明說明(7) 入本文中。此等聚合電極組合物電池構件主要與包括相同 聚合物基質之隔板構件併用,以形成熱層壓電池結構,其 視該電極基質聚合物與隔板組合物相容性而從,以提供強 力界面層壓接合。 現在,本發明中已令人驚異地發現,該經塑化聚合電池 構件(其事先單獨與包括相同或相容之基質聚合物層壓)亦 能與可熱停止運轉微孔狀聚烯烴電池隔板膜片材料形成實 質界面層壓接合。可以在低到足以避免損及現有存貨微孔 狀膜片之電解質保留性或停止運轉性質的溫度下,利用直 接熱層壓進行此種接合作用,並不需要額外黏合聚合物組 合物或處理。事實上,這種效用係此等先前電極組合物新〇 近發現的性質,其不需要使現有製造設備或製程做重大改 變。經加熱滾軸層壓機或平板壓機與以電解液激活層壓後 電池均可繼續用以製造最終可再充電蓄電池組電池。 以具有液態溶劑或超臨界流體之層壓製件,以自該電極 組合物萃取該增塑劑的中間處理亦適用於使用本發明製得 之蓄電池組電池結構。除了先前習知之調整該層壓製件結 構聚合物電極組合物,以吸收隨後施加之電解液目的之外 ,此種萃取作用或是蒸發該增塑劑之該組合物替代性處理 ,會使該電極基質聚合物變韌,因此提高該界面電極/隔 板層壓製件接合之強度。將形成之多層接合電池包裝在一 || 種撓性袋或封袋中,其中包含適當之含鋰鹽電解液,以便1 以先前所述實務方式激活該電池,此一步驟仍是製備一種 有作用蓄電池組電池之較佳最終步驟。 ’
第12頁 496007 i五、發明說明(8) ! i I 適用於本發明之增塑劑係供該電極組合物基質聚合物用 :之具有適度揮發性主要增塑劑,而且包括:碳酸亞烴酯、
i I !對笨二曱酸二烷酯、琥珀酸二烷酯、己二酸二烷酯、癸二 i I酸二烷酯、磷酸三烷酯、聚伸烷基二醇醚與其混合物。適| i當增塑劑之選擇視該電極構件組合物中所使用之特定基質 丨聚合物而定,而且熟習之技術人員不需過多實驗即可完成 I選擇。除了製造方法中所需要的彈性之外,同樣可以例行 i性地決定該組合物增塑劑之數量,以達到例如適用之集電 ;器層壓作用與稜形摺疊作用、在低於停止運轉臨界之溫度 ,該電極/隔板界面區之適當黏合劑流動程度,不需要注 意在周圍條件下流出之增塑劑。 i 與廣泛使用之聚(1,1-二氟乙烯)(PVdF)聚合物或聚 (1,1-二氟乙烯-六氟丙烯)(PVdF-HFP)共聚物電極構件組 合物併用之較佳增塑劑係碳酸丙二酯(P C )。該增塑劑之有 效比例(隨同以基質聚合物為基準所選擇之任何其他物質) 不僅視該基質聚合物本身而定,亦會受到該組合物其他組 份之數量與性質(諸如該活性電極材料之體積與粒徑)強烈 影響。例如,一種正極調配物與PVdF-HFP中之有效量PC佔 該電極基質聚合物組份約6 0至3 0 0重量%。因此,有鑒於許 |多組成變化係在單一電池製造商權限内,最好由該製造商 |實驗決定任何調配物中之增塑劑數量。 || 根據本發明製備之電極構件係藉由溶劑鑄型、擠出等任 何先前使用方式製備,而且最好以高度緻密化聚合組合物^ !層形式澱積或層壓於金屬箔集電器上,諸如用於液態電解 i
第13頁 496007 丨五、發明說明(9) !質Li離子電 丨Li離子電極 丨流體處理, I網狀金屬柵 !式。 根據本發 I隔板構件之 !溫度與壓力 |停止運轉溫 |間進行,介 !且在直線負 行為佳,介 應明白最適 I式而定。 儘管該微 的預塗層與 與隔板構件 得注意的是 件的界面接 質組合物。 !力接合之令 I造長期尋求 I ! 池組電池, 池者,或是經緻密化且未經萃取或經萃取塑料| ,諸如揭示於前述美國專利者。為了促進後續i 至少一個電極最好具有網狀金屬集電器,其呈丨
、蒒、金屬不織材料、經蝕刻箔或多孔箔形 I
I 明,經塑化聚合基質電極電池構件與未經處理 層壓作用最好在經加熱壓輪之間進行為佳,其, 水準不會顯影該孔狀結構,即低於該隔板膜片 度之溫度。有效層壓作用可在70 °C與130 °C之 於1 0 0 °C與1 2 5 °C之間為佳,約1 1 0 °C更佳,而 重介於每厘米約20與1 80公斤(kg/cm)之間下進II 於約5 5與1 2 5 k g / c m更佳,惟熟習之技術人員 溫度與壓力條件視特定層壓器構造與其使用模 孔狀隔板通常防黏聚烯烴表面未事先施予昂貴 聚合黏合組合物,但是已發現本發明在該電極 界面形成的黏附接合令人驚異地持久。特別值 ,即使電池貯存溫度高於約8 0 °C ,此等電池構 合可以承受長時間曝於該溶劑為底質電池電解 單獨使用隔板局限增塑劑確立電池構件界面強 人驚異效用提供一種新穎而且簡化方法,以製 的永久性接合且平坦可再充電電化學電池蓄電 其具有優良性能特性,而且操作期限長。 圖式簡要說明
第14頁
496007 五、發明說明(ίο) 茲將參照附圖說明本發明,其中: 圖1表示層壓處理中之電化學電池電極與隔板構件的橫 剖面放大圖,其使得可以有效使用本發明方法; 圖2係本發明方法中之微孔狀隔板膜片層的放大部分的 橫剖面斷面圖,該隔板膜片層在層壓條件下提供黏合界面 接合; 圖3係根據本發明方法製備之可再充電蓄電池組電池循 環期間,該高度規律電壓計劃之圖; 圖4係圖3該循環可再充電電池組之電池容量安定性之 圖; 圖5係根據本發明方法製備之可再充電蓄電池組電池所 提供之熱保護反應圖,而且 圖6係根據本發明方法製備之可再充電蓄電池組電池, 在不同循環率下之可用容量圖。 發明詳述 如圖1所見,製備一種可再充電Li離子蓄電池組電池之 較佳方法包括:裝配一個正極電池電極構件1 2,其包括一 層聚合組合物層13與一個伴隨之集電器11 ,其可事先與層 1 3層壓成電極子組件、一個置中之電子絕緣但離子穿透隔 板構件1 6,以及一個負極電池電極構件1 8,其包括聚合組 合物層1 7與伴隨之集電器1 9。然後在熱與壓力下層壓該組 件,諸如藉由以箭頭方向相對偏斜之加熱滾轴(未顯示出 來)進行。 本發明有關之較佳隔板,包括一微孔狀聚烯烴膜片16,
第15頁 496007 五、發明說明(π) 可在放大橫剖面表面區看到彼(圖2 ),包括一個聚烯烴體 22,其中遍佈分散互連之孔24。在一個電化學電池中之此 種隔板不僅將電解液(其提供Li離子移動用之充分介質)局 限在該孔内,該孔狀結構亦提供防止不受控制電池熱累積 之保護,其中該聚烯烴隨著升高之溫度軟化,導致該孔結 構於前述危險前臨界時崩潰。此種崩潰堵塞該孔,並避免 離子穿透,因此使該電池内之電化學活性中止。 圖2之放大橫剖面中亦顯示出,在界面區25與隔板16接 觸的是正極構件1 3的一部分,其中,借助於該層壓操作, 所結合之主要增塑劑軟化該基質聚合物,形成黏合組成2 7 ,其與隔板1 6之聚烯烴2 2形成一個流體黏合界面。因為該❹ 電極組合物2 7中的增塑劑效用緣故,該層壓溫度可以保持 低於隔板構件1 6之停止運轉臨界,此由該微孔狀膜片之聚 烯烴體22中所表示之界線良好孔24可以明顯看出。為了清 楚起見,雖然僅說明一部分正極構件1 3,須明白負極構件 1 7處同時發生相同作用。 該完成層壓電池結構最終冷卻之前,該界面黏合組合物 2 7中之增塑劑會自該結構流出,因而牢固且強化該層壓製 件接合,而且減輕該電池之整體重量。另外,或是將該層 壓製件浸於一種對該電極基質聚合物影響很小之萃取溶劑 中,例如二乙醚或甲醇,以去除存在該電極構件層中之增0 塑劑。然後將該完成之層壓電池密封在一個不滲透膜等之 包含包裝或封套中,其中提供適當電解質鹽溶液,形成可 操作再充電蓄電池組電池。
第16頁 496007 :五、發明說明(12) ; I 本發明中所使用之適用隔板構件材料係一種市售未經改i 丨良微孔狀聚烯烴膜片,諸如Ceigard, Inc.所售之Celgard | I 2300產物,其包括兩種共存的微孔狀聚丙烯膜片,其與一 !置中之聚乙婦膜片製成適當黏附之層壓製件。類似之市售 … i適用微孔狀產物係Teklon膜片(Entek International, · I Lebanon, OR) ’ 與 Setela 膜片(日本T〇nen Corp·)。此等 · I隔板材料各者中,以整體分散互連孔之聚烯烴結構體較容 易取得,而且包含電解液,以確立該電化學電池内之實質 離子傳導性,同時亦提供該電池可熱崩潰停止運轉安全特 性。 | 按照前述種種發明具體實例討論,下列實施例將對熟悉+ 之技術人員提供有關選擇適用組份組合、組合物、操作方 法,以便有效進行本發明之進一步引導。
實施例I 製備聚合基質正極 ! 於45 °C下,在一個氣密容器中混合79克細碎工業等級 i LiCo02、6·5 克 PVdF 六氟丙烯(PVdF-HFP)共聚物(Kynar I PowerFLEX LBG, Elf Atochem ΝΑ) 、3·5 克Super P 導電性 碳(比利時MMM Carbon)、11克碳酸丙二S旨(PC)增塑劑 丨(Aldrich)與90克丙酮(J.T· Baker)之組合物1小時。在一 I實驗室摻合機中另外均化之後,使用間隙約0.3毫米之刮 || I刀裝置,在一個聚酯載膜上鑄型形成之糊漿。在溫空氣流 I中蒸發丙酮,並自該載劑去除形成之獨立電極組合物層。 使用一種加熱雙滾轴層壓器,在約1 4 5 °C之溫度下,層壓 ·
第17頁 496007 五、發明說明(13) 該層一部分與相同大小之網狀鋁箔柵部分(M i c r 〇 G r i d, 〇611^1:(:〇^.),其中該鋁洛柵已經如美國專利5,840,087 揭示般預處理。在該層壓操作中,壓縮或緻密化該聚合電 極組合物層,以確保活性材料粒子接觸。至於製造該電極 子組件之替代方法,由上述方法形成之兩層電極組合物層 可以共同層壓在該鋁柵反面,產生具有埋入式鋁集電器構 件之正極構件結構。
實施例I I 製備聚合基質f極 如前述實施例I般處理72克MCMB 2 5 - 2 8微珠狀中間相合 成石墨(日本Osaka Gas Co·)、7·5克PVdF-HFP共聚物 (Kynar PowerFLEX LBG)、2·5 克 Super P 導電性碳、18 克 P C增塑劑,以及7 0克丙酮。使用一種加熱雙滾轴層壓器, 在約1 3 5 °C之溫度下,層壓所形成電極膜片一部分與相同 大小之網狀銅拇部分(MicroGrid, Delker Corp·)。至 於替代性實施例,以實施例I所述方式,將該銅柵埋在兩 偶電極膜片之間,或是以電極組合物糊漿塗覆一銅箔。
實施例I I T 裝配接合之雷極電化學 裝配實施例I與I I之電池電極構件1 2、1 8以及圖1所示之 之Celgard 2300微孔狀隔板構件16,並在一個工業用加熱 雙滾軸層壓裝置中,以约1 1 0 °C及1 0公斤/厘米滾軸壓力下 ,層壓該組合體,製備一種功能層壓可再充電Li離子電化 學蓄電池組電池。冷卻之後,將該層壓電池結構浸於二乙
第18頁 496007 五、發明說明(14) 醚中數分鐘,萃取電極組合物增塑劑,空氣乾燥之,並置 於一個約7 0 °C之循環空氣爐1小時,去除濕氣及任何殘留 增塑劑。然後,將該電池結構包裝在一個氦氣氛之氣密多 層箔/聚合物封套中,其中具有一種適當環狀與開鏈式碳 酸酯溶劑混合物中之活性1 M L i P F 6溶液。 然後,利用延伸之導線連接該電池與電腦自動化電池組 循環器,並於各種常用條件下試驗,其係使用一種CC-CV (固定電流,然後固定電壓)充電協定,即以0 . 7 C速率充電 ,其中1 C表示電流相當於5小時放電率之完全電池容量, 最高戴止電壓為4 . 2伏,然後在4 . 2伏保持1小時C V。如圖3 與4所示,該電化學電池顯示高響應性能,以及長期循環 期間之明顯安定容量。 於循環試驗期間之終結時,該經包裝電化學電池與一個 溫度升高到約140 °C之經加熱板接觸,該溫度超過該聚烯 烴隔板膜片之設計停止運轉溫度,同時繼續記錄其於 1 k H z A c電流頻率下之歐姆電阻。如圖5所示,在電池溫 度約1 3 2 - 1 3 5 °C時,該層壓電池之電阻自約0 . 1歐姆操作水 準迅速提高到約1 0 0歐姆,表示該層壓操作期間,仍保持 該隔板之微孔狀結構,以及該經層壓微孔狀隔板可以作為 蓄電池組電池之有效熱停止運轉元件。 在相同協定下,使用一系列CC (C/5、C/2、1C、2C與 3 C )放電試驗複製電池。如圖6所示,顯示出該電池中之特 別有效可用容量。
實施例I V
第19頁 496007 五、發明說明(15) 雷池檨件界面接合強度 根據本發明製備蓄電池組電池結構之試樣,其係使用雙 滾軸層壓器,在數種壓力值(5 . 5 - 1 8公斤/厘米)與溫度 (110-125 °C)之下,將未經處理之Celgard 2300聚烯烴膜 片部分層壓在實施例I與Π之緻密化電極/集電器之間。於 二乙醚中萃取增塑劑之後,在一空氣爐中,以7〇。〇乾燥該 經層壓樣本1小時,且切成7 5 X 2 5毫米試驗條。 使用一Instron Model 5542張力試驗機,在200%/分鐘 應變力下’試驗該隔板-電極界面之剝離強度。結果顯示 = 根據本發明製備之樣本界面聯結記錄實質剝離接合強 種1^及特定層壓條件而定)在24 23〇〇祺片三層組:層之剝:J声該值明顯超過Celgard 12 gf/厘米)。此等資料並非\度(其分別測得介於約6與 面接合強度,不過,因為大^决疋性地決定該電極/隔板界 在該界面,而是大部分發ί =分實例中接合失效不會發生 以’很明顯的,由本發明^個別電極組合物層體内。所 超過個別電極組合物層之:之電極/隔板界面接合的確 之方★表備另外剝離試樣,拍、 u π 6溶、夜I於―填充在環狀與開鏈‘ # = r作蓄電池組 液的Φ封塑料層壓 '反敎§曰混合物中之1 广} 照大部分先前技藝接人封套内。該樣本於8 0 °C, I圍=條件的空氣爐中i置二,宜性失效之高溫電池組貯 ° 、件下之樣本所顯示之 $ °此等樣本亦顯示放置在 相同預期界面接合。 置於填充在環狀與^ Μ 一種操作蓄電池組電.池 Μ
第20頁 496007
五、發明說明(16) 實施』 1.尨構件層壓_^用相反實3 以實施例I之方式’自90克LiCo〇2、5克PVdF均聚物 (Kynar 741,Elf Atochem)、5 克Super p 碳與 6〇λ 製備包括許多目=工業電化學電池構件的代表性正極#構件 。在0 · 0 3毫米铭泊上塗覆約0 · 3毫米所形成糊毅, 環溫空氣中乾燥。然後,將該經塗覆羯壓延成約〇】妄^ 厚,形成正極構件。同樣地,以實施例丨丨之方· /、 MCMB 2 5 - 2 8微珠狀石墨、7克PVdF聚合物與3克^ 之混合物,製備一個負極構件。 ^ r奴 將此等未經塑化電池電極構件之樣本與未經處理之 Cel gard 2300微孔狀膜片隔板構件裝配在_起,並以 達約1 8公斤/厘米之滾軸壓力與最高達約1 3 5它之微二 潰停止運轉溫度之數種溫度下,進行實施例丨丨I之層壓朋 作。此等樣本電極與隔板構件組合物間之界面接合9勉匕 接受,但是最佳情況係該電極/隔板組沒有一者提供充分T 界面接合,而產生有意義剝離強度資料。在製造本發明77 再充電蓄電池組電池時,使用經塑化基質聚合物電極構^ 以進行與未經處理微孔狀隔板構件間之層壓作用的方法上 用,在此等結果方面特別明顯。 、效 按照前述說明與實施例,預期熟悉之技術人員很容 白本發明其他具體實例與變化,而此等具體實例與變化 在附錄申請專利範圍外,但其希望同樣包括在本發明範 内。 固
第21頁
修正 案號 90107388 圖式簡單說明 元件符號說明 符號 說明 1 1,1 9 集電器 12 正極電池電極構件 13 含有聚合組合物層之正極層 16 隔板構件 17 含有聚合組合物層之負極層構件 18 負極電池電極構件 22 聚烯烴體 24 25 界面區 27 組合物
O:\70\70285-910605.ptc 第22頁
Claims (1)
- 496007 I六、申請專利範圍 丨 1. 一種製造接合電極可再充電電化學電池之方法,該電 !化學電池包括一種正極與負極層構件之組合體,其中具有I ! 一隔板層構件,各電極構件包括一種聚合基質組合物,而i I該隔板包括一種微孔狀聚烯烴膜片,該膜片顯示在高於臨丨 I界溫度之溫度下有孔崩潰性質,而且各構件個別界面與鄰 I接構件接合,形成單一多層平坦電化學電池結構,其中: ! a)製備該聚合電極構件組合物,其包括該基質聚合物 |用之主要增塑劑; I b)將該電極構件組合物之表面裝配鄰接於該隔板膜片 之孔狀表面; I c )對該組合體施加層壓壓力與溫度,該溫度低於該臨© I界,而且足以使該增塑劑軟化其組合物之基質聚合物,並 i在該組合物中形成與該隔板膜片表面之熱塑性黏合界面; i以及 t d)冷卻該黏合界面,因而在該鄰接電極與隔板表面之 間形成一黏合界面。 2.根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,包括另一步驟,其 |中自該黏合界面去除至少部分該增塑劑。 I 3.根據申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中利用蒸發作用 i去除該增塑劑。 4. 根據申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中利用溶劑或超 臨界流體萃取作用去除該增塑劑。 5. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中: ! a)該基質聚合物係選自由下列各物組成之群:氯化乙第23頁 496007 六、申請專利範圍 丨 烯、乙腈、曱基丙烯酸甲酯、氧化乙烯、氯化亞乙烯與氟| !化亞乙烯之聚合物與共聚物;以及 | b)該主要增塑劑係選自由下列各物組成之群:碳酸亞| 烴酯、對苯二曱酸二烷酯、琥珀酸二烷酯、己二酸二烷酯 i 、癸二酸二烷酯、磷酸三烷酯、聚伸烷基二醇醚與其混合 物。 6.根據申請專利範圍第5項之方法,其中: a)該基質聚合物係選自由下列各物組成之群:1,1-二 I氟乙烯之聚合物與共聚物;以及 I b)該主要增塑劑係選自由下列各物組成之群:碳酸伸 i烧醋與其混合物。 — I 7.根據申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中該主要增塑劑 基本上由碳酸丙二醋組成。 8.根據申請專利範圍第7項之方法,其中該電極組合物 j中存在之碳酸丙二酯增塑劑數量介於該基質聚合物的約6 0 !與3 0 0重量%之間。 I 9. 一種接合電極可再充電電化學電池,包括一種正極與 丨負極層構件之組合體,其中具有一隔板層構件,各電極構| I件包括一種聚合基質組合物,而該隔板包括一種微孔狀聚 烯烴膜片,該膜片顯示出在高於臨界溫度之溫度下有孔崩 潰性質,而且各構件個別界面與鄰接構件接合,形成單一 U I多層平坦電化學電池結構,其中: I 介於該隔板構件與一個電極構件間之界面接合基本上 I係由該電極構件之基質聚合物組成。第24頁
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/538,575 US6391069B1 (en) | 2000-03-29 | 2000-03-29 | Method of making bonded-electrode rechargeable electrochemical cells |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW496007B true TW496007B (en) | 2002-07-21 |
Family
ID=24147477
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW090107388A TW496007B (en) | 2000-03-29 | 2001-05-02 | Method of making bonded-electrode rechargeable electrochemical cells |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6391069B1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1269560A2 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2003530663A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20030005247A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1488179A (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2001247752A1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2405017A1 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW496007B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2001073871A2 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (58)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100362283B1 (ko) * | 2000-05-12 | 2002-11-23 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 2차 전지의 제조방법 |
| US6660428B2 (en) * | 2001-05-14 | 2003-12-09 | The Boeing Company | Metal oxide electrochemical cell filled with a highly conductive gas |
| US20030014859A1 (en) * | 2001-07-23 | 2003-01-23 | Kejha Joseph B. | Method of automated hybrid lithium-ion cells production and method of the cell assembly and construction |
| US20060159999A1 (en) * | 2001-07-23 | 2006-07-20 | Kejha Joseph B | Method of automated prismatic electrochemical cells production and method of the cell assembly and construction |
| DE10150227A1 (de) * | 2001-10-11 | 2003-04-17 | Varta Microbattery Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Elektroden-/Separatorverbundes für galvanische Elemente |
| US7645543B2 (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2010-01-12 | Polyplus Battery Company | Active metal/aqueous electrochemical cells and systems |
| EP1680824B1 (en) * | 2003-11-05 | 2007-12-19 | Hibar Systems Limited | Separator for cylindrical cells |
| US10629947B2 (en) | 2008-08-05 | 2020-04-21 | Sion Power Corporation | Electrochemical cell |
| US7282295B2 (en) | 2004-02-06 | 2007-10-16 | Polyplus Battery Company | Protected active metal electrode and battery cell structures with non-aqueous interlayer architecture |
| US20070037286A1 (en) * | 2005-02-09 | 2007-02-15 | Subhasish Purkayastha | Thyroxine-containing compound analysis methods |
| US8129052B2 (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2012-03-06 | Polyplus Battery Company | Polymer adhesive seals for protected anode architectures |
| BRPI0614743A2 (pt) | 2005-08-09 | 2011-04-12 | Polyplus Battery Co Inc | estruturas de vedação flexìveis para ánodos de metal ativos protegidos |
| US8404388B2 (en) | 2005-08-09 | 2013-03-26 | Polyplus Battery Company | Compliant seal structures for protected active metal anodes |
| TWI467840B (zh) * | 2005-09-02 | 2015-01-01 | A123 Systems Inc | 奈米組成電極以及其相關裝置 |
| US7718319B2 (en) | 2006-09-25 | 2010-05-18 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Cation-substituted spinel oxide and oxyfluoride cathodes for lithium ion batteries |
| JP4925199B2 (ja) * | 2007-05-21 | 2012-04-25 | 大同メタル工業株式会社 | 電気二重層コンデンサ用分極性電極の製造装置及び製造方法 |
| EP2201628B1 (en) | 2007-08-21 | 2015-02-18 | A123 Systems, Inc. | Separator for electrochemical cell and method for its manufacture |
| US9105938B2 (en) | 2008-08-05 | 2015-08-11 | Sion Power Corporation | Application of force in electrochemical cells |
| US20090123832A1 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2009-05-14 | Sony Corporation | Non-aqueous electrolyte battery |
| JP5381078B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-19 | 2014-01-08 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 電極およびその製造方法 |
| JP5502707B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-20 | 2014-05-28 | 三菱樹脂株式会社 | 積層多孔フィルム、電池用セパレータおよび電池 |
| DE112010005560T5 (de) * | 2010-05-10 | 2013-05-02 | Utc Power Corporation | Kreuzweise laminierte Membranen elektrochemischer Zellen |
| US10451897B2 (en) | 2011-03-18 | 2019-10-22 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Components with multiple energization elements for biomedical devices |
| KR101902281B1 (ko) * | 2011-05-19 | 2018-09-28 | 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 | 수지 조성물용 가소제 및 이를 포함하는 수지 조성물 |
| EP2721665B1 (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2021-10-27 | Sion Power Corporation | Plating technique for electrode |
| US8857983B2 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2014-10-14 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Ophthalmic lens assembly having an integrated antenna structure |
| US9818998B2 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2017-11-14 | Freya Energy, Inc. | Separator for electrochemical cell with overcharge protection and method of making same |
| US9905860B2 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2018-02-27 | Polyplus Battery Company | Water activated battery system having enhanced start-up behavior |
| US10361405B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2019-07-23 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Biomedical energization elements with polymer electrolytes |
| US10381687B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2019-08-13 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Methods of forming biocompatible rechargable energization elements for biomedical devices |
| US9793536B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2017-10-17 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Pellet form cathode for use in a biocompatible battery |
| US10627651B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2020-04-21 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to form biocompatible energization primary elements for biomedical devices with electroless sealing layers |
| US9923177B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2018-03-20 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Biocompatibility of biomedical energization elements |
| US10361404B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2019-07-23 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Anodes for use in biocompatible energization elements |
| US9899700B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2018-02-20 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Methods to form biocompatible energization elements for biomedical devices comprising laminates and deposited separators |
| US9383593B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2016-07-05 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Methods to form biocompatible energization elements for biomedical devices comprising laminates and placed separators |
| US9599842B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2017-03-21 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Device and methods for sealing and encapsulation for biocompatible energization elements |
| US9577259B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2017-02-21 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Cathode mixture for use in a biocompatible battery |
| US9941547B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2018-04-10 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Biomedical energization elements with polymer electrolytes and cavity structures |
| US9715130B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2017-07-25 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to form separators for biocompatible energization elements for biomedical devices |
| DE112016001677T5 (de) | 2015-04-10 | 2018-01-25 | Celgard Llc | Verbesserte mikroporöse Membranen, Separatoren, Lithium-Batterien und damit in Beziehung stehende Verfahren |
| US20170222205A1 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-03 | Celgard, Llc | Separators, batteries, systems, vehicles, and related methods |
| US10345620B2 (en) | 2016-02-18 | 2019-07-09 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to form biocompatible energization elements incorporating fuel cells for biomedical devices |
| KR102115596B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-24 | 2020-05-26 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 전극의 전처리 방법 및 리튬 금속 전지 |
| US10840502B2 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2020-11-17 | Global Graphene Group, Inc. | Polymer binder for lithium battery and method of manufacturing |
| US10985373B2 (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2021-04-20 | Global Graphene Group, Inc. | Lithium battery cathode and method of manufacturing |
| JP7210475B2 (ja) | 2017-05-19 | 2023-01-23 | シオン・パワー・コーポレーション | 電気化学セルの不動態化剤 |
| US10868306B2 (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2020-12-15 | Sion Power Corporation | Passivating agents for electrochemical cells |
| WO2019089789A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 | 2019-05-09 | Maxwell Technologies, Inc. | Compositions and methods for parallel processing of electrode film mixtures |
| WO2020257414A1 (en) | 2019-06-21 | 2020-12-24 | Sion Power Corporation | Methods, systems, and devices for applying forces to electrochemical devices |
| WO2020252600A1 (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-12-24 | The University Of British Columbia | Stretchable electrochemical cell |
| US11978917B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 | 2024-05-07 | Sion Power Corporation | Batteries with components including carbon fiber, and associated systems and methods |
| US11791511B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 | 2023-10-17 | Sion Power Corporation | Thermally insulating compressible components for battery packs |
| US11824228B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 | 2023-11-21 | Sion Power Corporation | Compression systems for batteries |
| US11984575B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 | 2024-05-14 | Sion Power Corporation | Battery alignment, and associated systems and methods |
| EP4118701A1 (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2023-01-18 | Sion Power Corporation | Application of pressure to electrochemical devices including deformable solids, and related systems |
| US11631890B2 (en) | 2021-05-06 | 2023-04-18 | Solid Energies Inc. | All solid-state lithium-ion battery produced by pressure-aided co-curing |
| US11888162B2 (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2024-01-30 | Solid Energies Inc. | Silicon-based composite anodes for high energy density, high cycle life solid-state lithium-ion battery |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4650730A (en) * | 1985-05-16 | 1987-03-17 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Battery separator |
| ES2048727T3 (es) * | 1986-03-24 | 1994-04-01 | Grace W R & Co | Electrodo catodico. |
| US5540741A (en) * | 1993-03-05 | 1996-07-30 | Bell Communications Research, Inc. | Lithium secondary battery extraction method |
| US5418091A (en) * | 1993-03-05 | 1995-05-23 | Bell Communications Research, Inc. | Polymeric electrolytic cell separator membrane |
| US5460904A (en) * | 1993-08-23 | 1995-10-24 | Bell Communications Research, Inc. | Electrolyte activatable lithium-ion rechargeable battery cell |
| US5336573A (en) * | 1993-07-20 | 1994-08-09 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Battery separator |
| US5690703A (en) * | 1996-03-15 | 1997-11-25 | Valence Technology, Inc | Apparatus and method of preparing electrochemical cells |
| US5688293A (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 1997-11-18 | Motorola, Inc. | Method of making a gel electrolyte bonded rechargeable electrochemical cell |
| US5738691A (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 1998-04-14 | Valence Technology, Inc. | Ultrasonic extraction of plasticizer from electrochemical cells |
| US6168880B1 (en) * | 1997-06-26 | 2001-01-02 | Valence Technology, Inc. | Use of polymer mesh for improvement of safety, performance and assembly of batteries |
| US6252762B1 (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2001-06-26 | Telcordia Technologies, Inc. | Rechargeable hybrid battery/supercapacitor system |
| US6328770B1 (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2001-12-11 | Valence Technology (Nevada), Inc. | Method of making multi-layer electrochemical cell devices |
-
2000
- 2000-03-29 US US09/538,575 patent/US6391069B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-03-23 EP EP01920726A patent/EP1269560A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-23 WO PCT/US2001/009491 patent/WO2001073871A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-03-23 JP JP2001571493A patent/JP2003530663A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-23 AU AU2001247752A patent/AU2001247752A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-23 CA CA002405017A patent/CA2405017A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-23 KR KR1020027012933A patent/KR20030005247A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-23 CN CNA01807278XA patent/CN1488179A/zh active Pending
- 2001-05-02 TW TW090107388A patent/TW496007B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-04-03 US US10/115,697 patent/US20020110728A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2001073871A2 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
| US6391069B1 (en) | 2002-05-21 |
| EP1269560A2 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
| JP2003530663A (ja) | 2003-10-14 |
| WO2001073871A3 (en) | 2002-06-27 |
| AU2001247752A1 (en) | 2001-10-08 |
| KR20030005247A (ko) | 2003-01-17 |
| US20020110728A1 (en) | 2002-08-15 |
| CN1488179A (zh) | 2004-04-07 |
| CA2405017A1 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TW496007B (en) | Method of making bonded-electrode rechargeable electrochemical cells | |
| TW531918B (en) | Flat, bonded-electrode rechargeable electrochemical cell and method of making same | |
| KR101734328B1 (ko) | 안전성이 향상된 전극조립체, 그의 제조방법 및 상기 전극조립체를 포함하는 전기화학소자 | |
| US5716421A (en) | Multilayered gel electrolyte bonded rechargeable electrochemical cell and method of making same | |
| CN101617433B (zh) | 电化学元件及其制造方法 | |
| CA2391990A1 (en) | Method of making multi-layer electrochemical cell devices | |
| WO2013080946A1 (ja) | 非水電解液電池用セパレータおよびそれを用いた非水電解液電池 | |
| CN107851765A (zh) | 锂离子二次电池 | |
| CA2391185A1 (en) | Separator for use in electrochemical cell devices | |
| US6426165B1 (en) | Electrochemical cell separators with high crystallinity binders | |
| CA2391189A1 (en) | Method of treating separator for use in electrochemical cell devices | |
| Santhanagopalan et al. | Rechargeable batteries, separators for | |
| CA2391167A1 (en) | Multi-layer electrochemical cell devices | |
| WO2000079624A1 (fr) | Cellule et son procede de fabrication | |
| CN119943845B (zh) | 电极极片、电池和用电装置 | |
| HK1056043A (zh) | 扁平粘合电极的可再充电电化学电池及其制备方法 | |
| JPWO2000079624A1 (ja) | 電池及びその製造方法 | |
| JP2002025530A (ja) | 薄型電池 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GD4A | Issue of patent certificate for granted invention patent | ||
| MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |