TW422782B - Tissue with a moisture barrier - Google Patents

Tissue with a moisture barrier Download PDF

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Publication number
TW422782B
TW422782B TW87103341A TW87103341A TW422782B TW 422782 B TW422782 B TW 422782B TW 87103341 A TW87103341 A TW 87103341A TW 87103341 A TW87103341 A TW 87103341A TW 422782 B TW422782 B TW 422782B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
layer
paper towel
foam
hydrophobic
fiber
Prior art date
Application number
TW87103341A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jay Kiyoshi Sato
Stephen Robert Kelly
Original Assignee
Procter & Gamble
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Procter & Gamble filed Critical Procter & Gamble
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TW422782B publication Critical patent/TW422782B/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/28—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer impregnated with or embedded in a plastic substance
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/50—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by form
    • D21H21/56—Foam
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30—Multi-ply
    • D21H27/32—Multi-ply with materials applied between the sheets
    • D21H27/34—Continuous materials, e.g. filaments, sheets, nets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/048—Natural or synthetic rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/73—Hydrophobic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2555/00—Personal care
    • B32B2555/02—Diapers or napkins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H13/24—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H13/26—Polyamides; Polyimides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/20—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/20—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H19/22—Polyalkenes, e.g. polystyrene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/66—Coatings characterised by a special visual effect, e.g. patterned, textured
    • D21H19/70—Coatings characterised by a special visual effect, e.g. patterned, textured with internal voids, e.g. bubble coatings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/72—Coated paper characterised by the paper substrate
    • D21H19/74—Coated paper characterised by the paper substrate the substrate having an uneven surface, e.g. crêped or corrugated paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2213—Coating or impregnation is specified as weather proof, water vapor resistant, or moisture resistant
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/647—Including a foamed layer or component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/647—Including a foamed layer or component
    • Y10T442/651—Plural fabric layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/664—Including a wood fiber containing layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/693—Including a paper layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/695—Including a wood containing layer

Landscapes

  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)

Description

g77 經濟部中央標準局灵工消費合作社印袋 五、發明説明（1 ) 發明領域 本發明係關於提供Μ巾具有一泡沫水份阻隔物，其適可 阻止水份穿透紙巾，另外揭述一種製造具有一泡沫水份阻 隔物的紙巾之方法。 發明背景 習知技術之面紙係廣泛用於換鼻，而其使用時常遇到鼻 部排放物穿透紙巾且弄污使用者手部之問題，因此有必要 提供一種具有水份阻隔物之紙巾’以防止鼻部排出物與其 他液體穿透紙巾且弄污使用者之手’此外，紙巾需可透 氣、.疊合及安靜。 泡膠曾用於紙層間之黏合，如1 9 8 1年1 0月7日公告之 Sweens等人之1，599,875號英國專利，但是其缺點在於 ΐ包膠並非疏水性，對於阻隔水份穿透並無功效。 防止水份穿透紙巾之嘗試可見於1985年6月19日公告 之Endres 0，144,658號歐洲申請案，Endres係使用一 排水劑以防止水份通過紙巾，其缺點在於所生成之内阻隔 層有孔隙，因此在使用時Endres無法形成有效之疏水 層，且不足以防止水份穿透紙巾。 味止水份穿透紙巾之其他嘗試技術係揭示於1983年11 月23日公告之Ell am 2,119,709號英國專利、1984年12 月19日頒與Endres等人之4,489，1 18號美國專利、1986 年3月4日頒與Endres等人之4,574,021號美國專利。在 Ei 1 am案中，一聚乙晞醇膜係施加於液體吸收性紙，而在 Endres之4,489，118與4,574,02 1號專利中，一塑勝膜 {請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
本紙張尺度迷用中國國家橾车（CNS ) A4规格（210X297公釐） 攸27 8 2’ B7 經濟部中央梂準局貝工消費合作社印繁 五、發明説明（2 施加於多層式紙巾之内層。諸此文件之缺點皆在於非無孔 隙、非透氣性、粗硬且噪響大a 緣是’本發明之目的在提供紙巾具有一有效之水份阻隔 物’其可透氣且不致粗硬與噪響大，本發明之另一目的在 結合一疏水性泡沫於紙巾内，藉此提供一紙巾具有對於水 份穿透上之有效阻隔物β * 發明概述 本發明係關於一種具有至少一纖維層之紙巾產品，一疏 水性泡沫接合於纖維層，以防止水份穿透紙巾，疏水性泡 末可添加於纖維層之任—表面，且呈一泡沫層狀。 本發明之紙巾亦可包含二個互相面對之纖維層，一疏水 性泡沫層可設於二纖維層之間，此外，本發明之紙巾可具 有三個纖維層，且以一疏水性泡沫設於第二層與第一或第 三層任一者之間。 疏水性泡沫另可植入纖维層，除了呈疏水性以外，泡沫 亦可呈非吸收性以及乳膠基質。 本發明亦關於一種製造具有一水份阻隔物的紙巾之方 法，該方法包含備便一單一之纖維層且具有二個表面，一 疏水性泡沫層即施加於纖維層之表面。 圖式簡單説明 圖1係一垂直截面圖，揭示二纖維層且以一疏水性泡沫 植入第二纖維層。 圖2係一垂直截面圓，揭示二纖維層及一設於第一、二 纖維層之間之疏水性泡沫層。 5 本紙乐尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4洗格（2丨0Χ297公釐） I m - Jr ί —1 I -v --- ί (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、π 5 ’第87丨{^341號專利申請案 ------ 中丈；’說_明書修正頁(89年1月） A7 B7 五、發明説明（3) 圖3係一垂直截面圖’揭示三纖維層以—疏水性泡沫植 入第二纖維層。 圖4係一垂直截面圖，揭示三纖維層且以一疏水性泡沫 層植入第一與第二纖維層之間。 圖5係適用於本發明之一乳膠基質泡沫顯微照片。 圖6係一單層紙巾與接合之泡沫層之顯微照片。 圖7係一用於製成本發明之裝置侧视示意圖。 圖8係一用於測量水份阻隔物穿透之裝置立體圖。 圖9 - 1 0分別係用於水份阻隔物穿透試驗裝置之柵板總 成與柵條之立體與斷面放大圖。 元組件編號說明 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印裝 10 紙巾 1 2 纖維層 14 泡沫 15 泡孔 20 滾筒 22 泡沫施加器 24 烤箱 30 裝置 34 柵板總成 3 6 Plexiglas 基座 3 8 辆條 40 法碼 Ω 歐姆計 -6 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家磕準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） ------„---—裝-----„—ir-----.線 i.― (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填其本頁) Α7 Β7 冰 /· >， 第871〇334丨號專利申請案 中文說明書修正頁(89年1月） 五、發明説明（3a) 發明詳細說明 參閱圖1及圖6，本發明係一紙巾1 〇，其包含二成份， 即至^ 一具有一表面之纖維層1 2及一接合於此之疏水性 泡沫1 4。 本發明之纖維層1 2成份可依以下專利製成，即共同讓 與之1980年3月4日頒與Trokhan之4,191,609號及1981 年11月17 9頒與〇汪1^6115之4,300,981號美國專利，或 共同讓與之Trokhan 4,63 7,8 5 9號，或共同讓與之1994 年7月26曰頒與Muckenfuhs之5,332，118號，或共同讓 與之1994年8月2日頒與Trokhan等人之5,334,289號美 國專利，在此謹供做參考，其揭示如何製成適用於本發明 之纖維層i 2。雖然本發明之主要應用上係相關於面紙 1 0 ’但是本發明亦適用於其他纖維質產品，其包括但是 不限定的有：浴用紙巾、餐巾、紙巾、拭紙及棉墊，紙巾
---!--；---^ I 裝---J 訂 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁J 經濟部中央橾準局員工消費合作社印製 6a kn Γ LI L I --Γ I --- - -- ii 1..... ^^1 — -i— 本紙張尺度適用中國围家標準（CNS ) A4規梓·（ 2丨0'乂297公釐} 鯉濟部中央梯準扃負工消费合作社印掣 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（4 ) 10可由纖維素、非纖維素、非織成材料或其組合物所組成β 本發明之纖維層12成扮最好具有每3〇〇〇平方呎大約8_ 25磅之基重，且較佳爲每3〇〇〇平方呎大約913榜，纖維 層1 2可呈疊層狀，其可添加入最少量之濕性強化物以利 支承濕性泡沐1 4。纖維層1 2可呈疏水性，例如利用疏水 性纖維製成疏水性’其包含但是不限定的有尼龍與聚醋β 纖維層12亦可在造紙期間或之後做疏水性處理，適合之 疏水劑包括但是不限定的有：澱粉、浸潤劑、疏水性矽膠 及氟化竣。 紙巾1 0需具有足夠之張力強度於乾與濕態中，以利於 鼻部吹拭期間保持完整性，此外，生產期間纖維層12支 承濕泡沫1 4，因此纖維層1 2亦需具有之濕性強度以防止 其在濕泡沫1 4添加入時發生擴散。濕性強度可藉由習知 之疏水劑及/或濕^性強化樹脂而賦與纖維看1 2，理想之疏 水劑係取自狄拉威州威明頓市H e r c u 1 e s公司之H e r c ο η 7 6型產品。 本發明之泡沫14成份可製成如圖2所示，其中一疏水性 泡沫14係接合於或連接於或放置於纖維層12上，泡沫14 構成一連續之層’泡沫14可先接合於纖維層12後再做熱 固化’或其可預先固化後再接合於纖維層12。製成本發 明時，最好以一乳膠質之疏水性泡沫14接合於一纖維層 12，如圖6所示。泡沫14可設於纖維層12之其中一表面 上’以形成一泡沫層14，如圖3，泡沫14可植入纖維層1 2。 爲了加大水份阻隔物，泡沫14需在本質上即呈疏水 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4规格（2丨0X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝· —訂 422T82 A7 —^~ ____B7_ 五 '發明説明（5 ) ' ' ~— 性，或塗覆疏水劑，本案中之疏水性泡沫〗4最好具有一 大於或等於80度之接觸角，理想爲大於或等於9〇度之接 觸角，且較佳爲大於或等於丨00度之接觸角，其係以—光 學測向器（G ο n i ο n m e t e r)測量。 泡沫14亦應呈非吸收性，泡沫14應可透氣，透氣性泡 涞1'4可容許空氣通過，藉此促進水份自其來源移出。此 外，當相較於一薄膜時，泡沫丨4之網狀結構易於減少材 料在使用期間振動所生之噪音β 本發明之泡沫14最好以乳膠基質，其他適合之材料包 括但是不限定的有聚烯烴、聚丙烯、及聚乙烯泡沫14。 參閲圖5，泡沫1 4可在壓延後依據泡沫〗4之平均泡孔 15孔徑而分類，且在壓延前依據乳液之未泡沫對泡沫密 度比而分類。爲了有效阻止水份穿過，相信使用於此目的 之疏水性泡沫應具有壓延後大約5 〇至i 5 〇平方微米之較佳 平均泡沫孔15孔徑範圍，以及在壓延前大約8至125之較 佳未泡沫對已泡沫密度比。 經濟部中央櫺隼局貝工消費合作社印東 欲計算平均泡孔15孔徑時，可使用一掃描電子顯微鏡 以取得一顯微照片，欲觀看之樣品係依樣品製備程序而製 備’可參閲共同讓與之I"4年1月11 g頒與Van phan等 人之5,277,761號美國專利，在此供做參考β所用之放大 率爲500Χ ’重要的是影像應在深度上盡可能詳細，影像 係掃描成一 TIFF檔’然後使用影像分析軟體以計算不同 之泡孔1 5面積’以及保持計數所遇到之泡孔1 5數量計 數》在計算本發明之平均泡沫孔i 5孔徑時，可使用馬里 -8 - 本紙張尺度適用中固國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2丨0X2M公漦） 42278¾ A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局見工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（6 ) 蘭州洛維爾市之NIMH公司所售之NIH-Image 1 · 59版影 像分析軟體。 使用電腦掃描影像時，已知長度之二直線畫過影像，線 應相互間隔以利均勻地將影像分割成三個區段，由顯微照 片中可看出層狀之泡孔15結構，即上下相疊，先以最易 辨識之泡孔1 5頂層而言，照光工具用於照入與直線相交 之所有泡孔15中，且NIH-Image用於計算照光泡孔15之 孔徑與數量。完成程序後，移除照光而使影像更新，再以 相同步驟處理可辨識之第二層，此程序持續直到所有可見 之層已依此辨識’同時保持持續之所有泡孔丨5孔徑與總 數資料。 在特定之例子中，必須估算待照光之泡孔丨5量，因爲 其可能局郅受到上層之遮蔽，此應計入平均泡孔1 5之孔 徑計算中’依此數據資料，則大致之平均泡孔i 5孔徑即 可決定，以及每直線距離之大致泡孔〗5數値，以本發明 而言，平均泡孔15孔徑大約50至150微米。 參閱圖2，本發明另可由二個以上之纖維層12組成，其 係以面對面關係接合而令泡沐1 4設於其間，纖維廣1 2之 接合可利用共同讓與之1 984年1 1月6日頒與Allen之 4,481，243號、或共同讓與之1994年3月15曰頒與 McNeil之5,2 94,475號 '或共同讓與之1968年12月3曰 頒與Wells之3,414,459號、或1 975年2月18曰頒與 Nystrand之3,867,225號等美國專利所示者，諸專利在 此可供參考。 -9- (婧先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝_ 訂 »^ϋ . - II— · 本紙張尺度遑用中國國家椁準（CNS ) A4規格（2丨0X297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印掣 4227 8? a7 ________B7 五、發明説明（7 ) 本發明並不僅限於單一之纖維層12或二纖維層12之實 例’亦可包括二纖維層12以上與多個泡沫14層之實例（圖 中未示）。同樣，本發明亦可包括多個纖維層12，且一或 多個纖維層12植入疏水性泡沫14 ^本發明之紙巾10亦包 含二種實例之組合，其中至少一纖維層12在其表面上設 有一泡沫14層，而另一纖維12或同一纖維層12之相對表 面可植入泡沫1 4。 範例1 一纖維層1 2疊合以3 5 . 5 %由加利於線侧層上、2 9 %北 方軟木牛皮紙（NSK)於中層、及3 5 . 5 %由加利於織物側 層上，纖維層12進入頭箱之前，藉由添加入每噸（捲軸之 田產量）大約4.8磅之烷基乙烯酮二聚物於由加利層，以做 疏水性處理，一般烷基乙烯酮二聚物係取自狄拉威州威明 頓市Hercules公司之Hereon 76型產品。自Hercules公 司取得之濕性強化劑K y m e n e 5 5 7 Η以1 %溶液添加入 NSK層内，在進入頭箱之前其添加率爲每分鐘871立方 公分。 纖維層12通常以一壓濾氈做脱水、乾燥、及捲繞至一 滚筒20 ’其基重爲每3000平方呎大約12.6磅，纖维層12 之機器方向濕張力爲每吋116克。 泡朱1 4係由以下組合製成：水、乳膝、增稍劑、發泡 劑、橫聯式觸媒及疏水劑，諸成份-係置入_ 5 5加命筒 内，由於各成份添加入筒内，混合物以攪拌棒授動2〇 秒，所有成份皆添加後再揽拌混合物2分鐘，在此例子 -10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS 規^ 210X297公釐) ' (請先Η讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝. 訂 422782 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印策 A7 _B7_ 五、發明説明（8 ) 中，使用6.66液體磅之水。所用之乳膠爲賓州費城Rohm 與Haas公司供銷之Rhoplex Ε-2780 (1 5·16液體磅）， 二種增稍劑 Acrysol-95NP(0.29 液體碎）與 Acrysol-60 (0_72液趙镑）皆由Rohm與Haas公司供銷，二種發泡劑 Stanfax 320(0.65 液體磅）與 Stanfax 318(0.25 液體磅） 皆由喬治亞州達顿市Standard Adhesive and Chemical公司供销，25 %之氨氮溶液（0.26液體镑）係由 賓州匹茲堡之Fisher Scientific公司供銷且做爲橫聯式 觸媒，及做爲疏水劑之Zonyl 8412 (6_00液想碲）係由 狄拉威州威明頓市之DuPont 公司供銷。 結合及混合所有成份後，泡沫乳液再添加至一機械式發 泡機内，喬治亞州達頓市之Textile Rubber and Ch emi c al公司供銷之發泡機用於產生泡沫1 4，發泡機設 定儘爲3 7 rpm豕流、2 9 0 rpm頭速、及發泡機空氣流量 計指示之空氣注入値爲1。 泡沫I4直接施加於已做Hereon 76處理之纖維層12， 泡沫14依圖7所示之泡沫施加器22而連續施加於纖維層 1 2，泡沫1 4厚度以一具有大約5密爾刃隙之刮刀計數，乾 泡沫14之基重大約爲每3000平方呎12.2磅，自滾筒20捲 出之纖维層12以每分鐘6呎速度在泡沫施加器22與捲繞點 之間做1 4 %拉伸，纖維1 2與泡沫1 4層在烤箱2 4中以 390°F乾燥80秒，再以每平方付1〇〇〇镑之愿力進行壓_延β 二外纖維層1 2包含6 0 %由加利於線側上及4 0 %北方軟 木牛皮紙（NSK)於織物侧上，i%Kymene溶液做爲濕性 ____ -11 - 本财ggjf：料_ (CNS ) ( 21Qx297公廣） ' (請先《讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 第87103341號專利_請案 中文說明書修正頁(89年1月) 422782 A7 B7 經濟部t央標準局員工消费合作社印裝 五、發明説明（9 ) 強化劑且以每分鐘7 0 0立方公分速率添加入N s K，一乾強 化樹脂添加入由加利，其包含0.5%幾甲基纖維素 (CMC)，係由Hercules公司供銷，速率為每分鐘525立 方公为’及1%化學軟化劑溶液亦添加入由加劑。二外層 依Trokhan之4,239,065號美國專利所示以空氣乾燥，然 後捲繞於一滾筒20上’各外纖維層12之基重大約每3000 平方吸ίο.2磅’纖維層12與泡涞層14再結合於二鬆捲之 外纖維層1 2，此範例代表表1中之實例4。 參閱表1 ’水份阻隔物穿透試驗係利用圖8之裝置3 〇進 行於1 2張紙巾上’水份阻隔物穿透試驗係測量〇 5公厘 2 %鹽水溶液在既定壓力下浸透一張紙巾樣品3 2所需時 間。所用之紙巾樣品3 2至：>、為3，5吋X 4吋，紙巾1 〇夹置 於6吋X 6吋之自由浮動柵板總成34，總成轉動而使紙巾 10面向一 Plexiglas基座36，柵板總成34包含一冷焊料 製成之柵條38 ’其連接於二電極端子，電極端子連接於 一歐姆計Ω(圖中未示）》 各紙巾1 0以5個不同壓力測試，多個5 〇镑重之法碼4 〇 用於取得適當壓力，產生適當壓力所需之正確法碼4〇數 目依需要而加於（或移除於）自由浮動柵板總成34之頂侧， 以下表列即說明達到所需壓力之5磅重法碼4 〇數量. 12- 本紙張尺度適用中國圏豕標毕 ( CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公疫} ---------f, I 裝-----—1T-----線 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 五、發明説明（1〇 ) 422782 A7 B7 所需5磅重法碼數 0 1 2 3 4 壓力（PSI) 0.1 0.5 0.8 1.2 經濟部中央榇準局員Η消費合作社印製 0 5公厘2%鹽水溶液以注射筒施加於piexigias基座 36，鹽水溶液浸透紙巾1〇且導電於柵條38，基座隨後接 觸於紙巾10 ’ 一旦基底支承板之總重時一計時器即自動 啓動，水份穿透時間即歐姆計讀取一小於2 0毫歐電阻所 需之時間》 依本發明製成之紙巾10在0.1 PSI下之水份阻隔物穿透 試驗時間最好大於1 5秒，較佳爲大於3 0秒，理想的是大 於6 0秒，最理想的是大於180秒。在0.5 PSI下，依本發 明製成之紙巾1 0最好具有大於1 5秒之水份穿透時間，較 佳爲大於3 0秒，理想的最大於6 0秒，最理想的是大於 180秒。在1.2PSI下，依本發明製成之紙巾1〇最好具有 大於1 0秒之水份穿透時間，較佳爲大於2 〇秒，理想的是 大於40秒，最理想的是大於120秒。在1.5 PSI下’依本 發明製成之紙巾10最好具有大於5秒之水份穿透時間，較 佳爲大於2 0秒，理想的是大於4 0秒，最理想的是大於 6 0秒。 透氣率（孔隙率）量測亦測量1 〇種之各式紙巾，透氣率 係測量在0.5吋水柱之恆定壓降下，流過一既定樣品面積 -13- 本紙張尺度通用中國國家榇準（CNS) A4规格（210X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝. ,-ιτ 經濟部中央標準局負工消费合作社印褽 422782 A7 _________B7_ 五、發明説明（11 ) 之每分鐘每平方呎呈立方呎之空氣流動率（CFM/平方 吸）’測量透氣率時，其係使用新澤西州贺波肯市
Instrument Marketing Service.s 公司製造之 9025 PG 型空氣流動測試器，透氣率係測量一 4吋X 4吋之單層紙 巾1 0。 請參閲表1之第1行，前六種測試紙巾係一般產品·· Puffs柔軟且強靭紙巾，puffs 蘆薈與維他命e紙 巾，Puffs超強紙巾，皆爲Kleenex紙巾受讓人所售； Kleenex CoidCare 超柔適紙巾，Kleenex coldCare 含化粒用紙’皆爲德州達拉斯市Kimberly- Clark公司所 售。其餘六種紙巾即本發明之實例，在實例1 - 3中，結 合於中央纖維層12與泡沫14層之二外層係取自一般Puffs 超強紙巾，而在實例4 - 6中，結合於中央纖維層1 2與泡沫 1 4層之二外層係依範例1之製程所製β 請參閲表1第8-12行，其指出各式紙巾在一既定壓力下 之水份穿透時間，而第13行指出各式紙巾之透氣率（孔隙 率）〇 -14- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標率(CNS ) Α4規格（21^^97公釐） (锖先閱讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁)
經濟部中央標隼局貝工消费合作社印製 422782 A7 B7 五、發明説明（12) 實例6 實例5 實例4 實例3 實例2 實例1 II ΓΓ Γ EUeenex ColdCm 超供3!. fi i 11 II g麻 Puff* Plus 一 含蘆薈及裱他命 E jPufTs柔軟及》靭 1 紙巾種類 U* u W h» i層數 00 to 11.6 12,2 17.2 16.0 12.9 S s B g S s 5,§ 泡沫概算责 Ot i e S g B B f-S 乳液 川(估算） ’未知 111(估算） m (枯算） 89 (轱算） 03 (估算〉 S s s g B B (平方楫米） -概算平均-.氣泡尺寸 0·11 0.13 0.12 S 0.08 0.09 g g s s S S (克/毫升） 泡沫密度 Ml fl s*. > 20%¾比乏 lZ<nyl»412 IZoayi 8412 噴霧 i .噏霧. g s s s s 5 泡永疏水劑 t >180 >180 >180 未測 未測 ί. 0.6S 0.06 | 0.07 I 0.14 0.06 m i % 0.1 pil >180 >180 >180 t: > Μ V 0.06 O.OS 1 °-i〇 1 0.16 O.OS 1 0-14 1 妥 S-/ 0.Spii σι 5 >180 ，未測 S t 0,07 0,09 1 0.16 0.09 1 〇-»3 % 0.8 pil △ u« ce ο； — — a rnmt △ o.os 0.Π 1 °·^ 1 0.17 0.10 i o-M 1 % W 1.2 p»l \p Λ g 1未測 0.10 o.u i 1 0·】3 1 0.30 0.12 1 °-16 1 % 1.5 pil 12·2 10,4 ί·: > S. s 3 •art =J s s ^ΤΓ 11 进氣率 ,(單如 t _ I 2 3Jp·U17loaw 5> 11 12 13 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) h -15- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4現格（210X297公嫠）

Claims (1)

  1. 422782 Α8 BS C8 D8 經濟部中央榇準局WC工消費合作衽印袈 六、申請專利範圍 1· #&含至纖維層之紙巾，纖維層具有—與之接合 々疏水性料，藉由該㈣m止水份穿透該紙巾。 種G含具有二表面之纖維層之紙巾，其中一疏水性 泡沫層係設於其中—該表面上。 3. —種包含二纖维層且以面對面關係接合之紙巾，各該層 具有一内表面與一外表面，其中各該層之該内表面係相 對立於該層之該外表面：其中該第一層之該内表面係面 向琢第二層之該内表面，及其中一疏水性泡沫層設於該 第一與第二層之間。 4. 種包含至少—纖維層之紙巾，其中一層疏水性泡沫係 植入該至少一纖維層内β 5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之紙巾，其中該疏水性泡沫係非 吸收性。 6·如申請專利範圍第1項之紙巾，其中該疏水性泡沫係乳膠基質。 7. 如申請專利範圍第6項之紙巾，其中該乳膠基質之疏水 性泡’末具有大約8 -1 2.5之未泡床對已泡沫密度比。 8. 如申請專利範圍第5項之紙巾，其中該疏水性泡沫具有 大約50至150平方微米之平均泡沫孔徑。 9·如申請專利範園第2項之紙巾，其中該纖維層係疏水性。 • 10.如申請專利範圍第9項之紙巾，其中該層係以一疏水劑 處理。 11‘如申請專利範圍第3項之紙巾，其中該第一脣或該第二 層之一者另包含一標記以指明那一側在使用時應朝向使 -16- 本紙張尺度通用中囷國家標準（CNS > Α4規^ ( 210XW7公釐} (請先閲讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) -裝- 訂. Η 422782 A8 B8 C8 D8 經濟部中央棟车局貝工消費合作社印製 穴、申請專利範圍 用者。 12. 如申請專利範圍第u項之紙巾，其中該第—層係包含一 第.顏色且該第二層包含一不同於該第一顏色之第二 顏色。 13. —種紙巾，包含第―、第二及第三纖維層，而使該第二 層設於該第一與第三層中間，其中各該層之該内表面係 相對立於該層之該外表面；其中該第二層具有相對立之 第—與第二表面；其中該第一層之該内表面係面向該第 二層之菘内表面，及其中一疏水性泡沫層設於該第二層 與該第一或第三層其中一者之間。 14. 如申請專利範圍第13項之紙巾，另包含—第二疏水性泡 沫層，係設於該第二層與該第一或第三層其中另一者 之間。 15. 如申請專利範圍第13項之紙巾，另包含一第四纖維層， 該纖維層係接合於該第一或第三纖維層其中—者。 16. 一種製造具有—水份阻隔物的紙巾之方法，該方^包含 以下步驟： [a] 備便一單一之第―纖維層，其具有相對立之第一與 第二表面； [b] 施加一疏水性泡沫層於該第二表面。 、17.如申請專利範園第16項之方法，其中該疏水性泡沫係在 該第一纖維層上固化，以構成—體式之紙張。 18.如申請專利範困第16項之方法，其中該疏水性泡沐層具 有一内表面以朝向該第一纖維層及一外表面以相對立於 -17- 張尺度暹用中國國家橾隼（CNS > Μ規格（210X297公釐） (请先閲讀背面之注^^項再填寫本K) '裝' l·訂 K 422782 、申請專利範圍 A8 B8 C8 D8 該第一表面，該外表面係呈曝露；另包含備便一第二鳞 維層且將該第二纖維層接合於該疏水性泡沫層之步驟„ 19·:申請專利範困第16項之方法，其中該疏水性泡沫係 熱固化。 可 經濟部中央標準局男工消費合作社印装 -18 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家揉準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
TW87103341A 1997-03-10 1998-03-07 Tissue with a moisture barrier TW422782B (en)

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US6132803A (en) 2000-10-17
EP0966350A1 (en) 1999-12-29
DE69830711D1 (de) 2005-08-04
US5968853A (en) 1999-10-19
CA2283117A1 (en) 1998-09-17
WO1998040207A1 (en) 1998-09-17
KR20000076113A (ko) 2000-12-26
DE69830711T2 (de) 2006-05-04
ATE298666T1 (de) 2005-07-15
JP2001514552A (ja) 2001-09-11
ZA981935B (en) 1998-09-09
AU6003498A (en) 1998-09-29
MY116722A (en) 2004-03-31
BR9812288A (pt) 2000-07-18
CN1106272C (zh) 2003-04-23
AU740921B2 (en) 2001-11-15
AR011960A1 (es) 2000-09-13
CN1249712A (zh) 2000-04-05
CA2283117C (en) 2005-01-11
EP0966350B1 (en) 2005-06-29
KR100413619B1 (ko) 2003-12-31
PE66799A1 (es) 1999-08-26

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