TW208716B - - Google Patents
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- TW208716B TW208716B TW080101136A TW80101136A TW208716B TW 208716 B TW208716 B TW 208716B TW 080101136 A TW080101136 A TW 080101136A TW 80101136 A TW80101136 A TW 80101136A TW 208716 B TW208716 B TW 208716B
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- amino acid
- herbicide
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Description
£08?1〇 Α6 Β6 五、發明説明( 經濟部中央搮準局印^ 农發明係關於编碑tU斑裡'酸令巧酵-酵素(.下文稱之為炎込g )之新潁·變寻玆形式的新頴DNA序列•此aHAS酵素是在各 種不同植物及寬範園微生物經常產生之一關键酵素•正常 AHAS功能受若千不同類型救单劑的抑制;可是,由突變種 DNA序列编碼之新AHAS酵素,卽使在此種毅单劑的存在下 ,仍然可正常地催化起作用,所以,植物或微生物包含它 們時,可使產生救单剤抗性· ' 此新績D^·序列係基於意外的氍察,將正常处认s基因序 列之某些區域内一或多個#殊胺基酸删除,將會屋生—克 全功能之酵素,但是使得該酵素對種種不同拥型救草剩包 括咪唑咻酮,三唑駢嘧啶及磺醯脲毂草劑引起的抑制作用 具抗性· 這些變異菝序列的可利用性提 種不同作物植株之轉 也成救革劑抗性的工具,以及提.供供用於其他類型之遺傳 轉化賁驗的新頴可選擇標記· 發明背景 -救单刺在哀絷上的使用目前是普及的*雖敌有許多可利 用的化合物其有效地破壞雜单,但是並不是所有救单劑都 能夠選择性地標定作物植株上不合宜之植物,以及對办物 無毒性•通常,必須設定化合物單純地對作物植株比對雜 草較少毒性為了克服此問题,抗救单剤作物植株的發展 ,已經變成農業上斫究之一主要焦點· 抗毅草劑之發展的一重要方面是了解救单劑如何直生抑 制植物生長,煞後操縱在作物植株受影響的生化路徑,使 甲 4 (210X297公发) {請先閱請背面之注意事吼再瑱寫本頁> •装* .打· 線· A6 B6 五、發明-说明 得當植物保有正常生物功能時,避免受到抑制作用,首先 必須發現闞於一系列構造上無關之殺草劑化合物,咪唑啉 醑,磺醢腺及三唑駢嘧啶類殺草劑的生化機制,現在已知 (Shaner等,Plant Physiol, 76: 545-546, 1984 ,美國 專利案第4,761,373號)這些殺草劑中的每一個是藉由干擾 整合细胞酵素,乙醢羥酸合成酶(AHAS;也稱之為丙酮酵 乙酸酯合成酶,或ALS)而抑制植物生長,AHAS是胺基酸異 白胺酸^白.胺酸及纈胺酸之合成所必要者。 — · 蛆 4 X W U 局 ip 請 先 閱 讀 背 S} I 事 項 再 填 % 本 頁 AH AS酵素已知存在整個高等植物中,並且.被發現存在種 種微生物,例如:酵母菌,醸酒酵苺(Saccharomyces cerevisiae),及腸道畑菌,大腸桿菌(Escherichia coli) 及鼠傷寒沙門氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium),在若干這 些菌種中正常AHAS的產生之遺傳基礎也已經有很好的特性 描述。例如:在大腸桿菌及鼠傷寒沙門氏菌(Salmonella typhimuriiiffl)。在若干這些菌種中正常AHAS的產生之遺傳 基礎也已經有很好的特性描述。例如:在大腸桿菌及鼠傷 寒沙門R'菌中存在有三種AHAS同功酶(isozymes);其中2 種對殺草/劑敏感而第三種則不敏感。這些同功酶中的每一' 種均具有一個大的及一個小的蛋白霣亞單位;並且經測定 位置於IlvIH,IlvGM及IlvBN操縱子(operons)中。在酵 母菌中,單一AHAS同功梅已纆測定位置於ILV2位置上。每 一例子中,敏感型及抗型已經被確認,並且各種不同等位 基因之序列已經測定(Friden等,Nucl, Acid Res. 13: 3979-3993, 1985; Lawther等,PNAS USA 78:922-928, 1982; Sqires等,Nucl. Acid Res. 811:5299-5313, 1983; Wek等,Nucl. Acid Res. 13:401H027, 1 985 F a 1 c o 及 D u η a s , G e n e t i c s 1 0 9 , 2 1 - 3 5 , 9 8 5 ; F a 1 c o 等, 甲 4(210X 297乂发) 4 208710 ^ ΐν - 36 ·£、發明説明(3 ) Nucl. Acid Res. 13; 401H027, 1985 卜 在煙草,AHAS功能是由2種未聯结基因,SuRAS S (J R B編碼 。(雖然N-端,推定轉換區更實質上不同)但是2種基因在 成熟蛋白質中,於核脊酸濃度及胺基酸濃度上有實質同一 性(Lee等,F-MRΠ .1 . 2_: 1 241 - 1 248 , 1 988 )。在另一方面, 芥(Arabidopsis)具有單一 AHAS基因,其也已烴完全被定序 。比較高等植物之AHAS基因之序列中,顯示此序列之某些 區域的高ί保留·•特別是有至少序列的1〇區保留。先前已 經假定這些保留區對酵素功能是闞鍵,而該功.*能的保留是 依實質序列保存而定。 最近已經報導(歐洲專利0257993),具殺草劑抗性之突 | ! 變種在一或多個該等保留區中,有至少一胺基酸突變。特 丨 定言之,在AHAS序列中之這些特殊位置上,野生型胺基酸 之某些胺基酸被置換,已證明為可忍受的,並且確實產生 持有此突變,且具殺草劑抗性之植物,而仍然保有催化功 | 能。這些突變已經證明發生在煙草之SuRA及SuRB位上;類 | 似突變已經在芥及酵母菌中被單離出來。 — 現已經'意外地發現在這些”保留”區中之一個或多個區内 刪除一或·多個胺基酸,不僅產生功能性AHAS酵素’而且 造成殺草劑抗性。序列保留通常意味著在這些區中任何改 I 變均無法被容忍,並且會因此造成非功能性蛋白質。可是 ,在本案中,特別令人驚訝的是保有酵素功能,此乃由於 下列事實,即此刪除不僅除去羼酵素结構姐份的胺基酸殘 基,而且必定導(致殘基移位(shifting)’因而破壞含此突 變之序列的表相保留。因此,提供之新穎核酸序列’在轉 化殺 草劑敏 感植物 成 殺 ......................................................5t..............................ir..............................*4L 請先«讀背面之注意事項存滇«本\00 甲 4 (210X297 公潘) 5 經濟部中央採準局印製 208ϊ1〇 Α6 Β6 一 - -- _ 五、發明説明(4 :. - 箪剞啤性技物上有用•所γ .經轉化植袅提供供發展新穎抗 毂草剞植物變種上有用* . _ ·· — .__發明摘要 本發明提供新讓核發序列,其编碼對各種不同致单劑不 敘戚之功能AHAS酵素•討論中之序列包括將在野生型AHAS 分子中編碼所謂保留蛋之一或多個指定區內的特殊按基酸 之一或多個密碼子删除·這些位點的同^一性,及可删除密 碼子將於下面更詳細地加以討論•此經改變DNA序列在製 造毅草剞抗性技物細胞上有用,前述方法包括用一或多個 本文提供之經改變序列,轉化梯的桩物細胞•或變更為, 利用誘變,在含編碼较草劑敏戚AHAS之核醆序列的植物細 总或種‘子中,產生缺支突變種•此種植物細跑再通遏組織 培養,以便使持有般草剞抗性或不敏戚性持&之植物杀生 •因此本發明也包含植物細胞,植物組織培養,成長植物 ’及植物種子其持有缺失突變種核酸序列及其表現功钝, 抗救草劑AHAS酵素者· -這些新穎抗般萆劑植物之可利用性,使作物植株在狡草 劑存在下能絢生長之新方法•取代补抗性植物的生長,田 聞可用本發明之抗性植物種植並且此田間循例可用救革劑 處理’對作物植株沒有度生傷害•就此目的之較佳毅莩剞 是咪唉咻酮,碭醯脲及三唑駢嘧啶· 本發明之突變種核駿也提供用於轉化實驗之新頴可選揮 梯記•將编碼抗AHAS之核酸序列,於轉移至寄主細胞之前 ,接至第二種基因,並且將整個構造轉化至寄主中•然後 甲 4(210X297 公发) (請先聞磺背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) .装. .打· .緣· COb/xo A6 B6 五、發明說明( 經 濟 部 中 央 搮 準 局 印 令推定之轉化細胞在亨抑制量救草剞_的存在下,在培養基 中生長:殘存細胞斿成功地> 挺有趣之第£種基因· 應了解下列定義應用至整個專利説明書及申請專利範圍 中· 1功能.,或“正常” AHAS酵素是一能夠傕化必要胺基 致異白按酸·,白胺酸及纈胺酸之合成路徑的第一步·处路 之保留序列或區域是在AHAS核酸或胺基酸序列中一系 列核醆或胺基酸,此核酸或按基酸序列其至少有2種具有 AHAS酵素相同者•“野生型” ahas序列是存在一纥定物種 之救萆劑敏成組份中的序列•“抗性”植物是—產生正常 AHAS_素,並且當在正常抑制濃度之年草剞的存在下生長 時’能夠達到成熟度*如本文所使用之“抗性”—詞也意 圖包含“耐受性·’植物,扣那些表型上證明不利,但不是 致死之植物對毅草剞的反應· 附圓之簡明描述 (圖la及lb C序列1及2 )分别展示芥c Arabidopsis )野 生型AHAS<胺基醆及核苷醆序列•圖13中,加柩區域表示 螂示序列,其中被删除產生救萆剞抗性者·畫图硃基確認 可造行此種)删除之特殊位點•在囷lb中,箭頭表示編瑪區 之起始·) (ϋ 2 Ca-c")展示3個子代C第一代)之照)f,此子代係 由用Pursui t,味丨峻| S3投草劑,於〇,,20,40 , 60 , 肋及160克/孜草剞(克/公頃〕胡後喷霧處理後,用含 茶AHAS之Trp 574 缺失突種之結搆轉化的基因突變蛭草植 物C 10 - 1 )直生的•所有3照序是於嘖霧之後25天所照 一請先閱讀背面之注意事壻卉琪宵本頁) .裝· •打· •蛛·· 甲 4(210X297 公尨) r 〇8:加 A6 B6 五、發明說明f 經 濟 部 中 央 搮 準 印 的t在所有照序中,兮照裨物Γ野生型救草敏戚性煃萆 栽培品種,Wiseonsin 38〔 w、j是在前排、 ⑻网8錡照組及10_1自交種,代表對照/及自交 基因突變煙草子代•於0克/公頃Pursuit,WQ8及].Q-1兩 者看起來_似•於1〇克/公頃,网g植物當與.j比較時 略微抑制其生長;可是,於2〇克/公頃開始,切明生長幾 乎无全受抑制•於8〇克/公頃,1〇_丨植-:物生長顯示略微受 抑制而於16〇克/公頃時,10—1植物生長明顯地受抑制· (b) 艰8對照组及oxl(卜如先前所描述者· 〇χ1〇_ι代 表^8作爲母系親代((》而作爲華枣親代•結果很栽似 在10—1自交照净所看到者· (c) W38對照組及i〇-lx〇~V\^8如先前描述者· 1〇_1χ〇代表 10-1作爲母系親代而TO作為雄系親代(〇) · “果很顛似在 10-1自交照净中所看到者,惟在此般单剞抗性特色之光隔 難中可在10-1子代看出·· 圖3詳細説明PurSuit ,萌後施用對埵箪幼苗生長之作用 ,.由杈物高度测量之· C*代表對照纽(教戚親代栽培品種 )植物之平均值,而每—隨後割線代表個別基因突變子代· \ Λ \ 〔圓4孑細説明咪嗤琳^同救草劑pur8.ui t對由用τ印574缺失 〔DEL〕轉化大腸桿萄,Trp EM取代〔SUB〕及用野生型〔WT〕 AHAS序列轉化之大腸捍菌衍生酵素的作用·〉 围5詳細説明磺醢脲救草劑GUan對由大腸徉菌轉化突 變型之作用•縮寫如圓4· 請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁 .裝· •打· •線.
A6 B6
2〇B 五 '發明説明( /圖6説明味唑咻酮毅萆劑Pursuit舞由大腸桿菌轉化突變 I ' * _ 、-. - 1型羊取之AHAS酵素的作用· > ‘素是由大勝'桿菌用Ser 653 缺失〔DEL〕#化之大腸桿菌,用Ser 653取代〔SUB〕轉化之 大腸捍茵,及用野生型CWT〕AHAS 序列轉化之大腸样茵衍 生的· P … 〔圖7/^明磺醯脲救草剤Gle如,對由大腸捍茵轉化突變 型羊取之AHAS酵素的作用•縮寫如囷7〔者 (圖8説明味唑咻酮致草劑Pursuit對由用会具有Trp 574缺 失之突變種界AHAS等位基因之土壤桿_屬C Agrobacterium ) 菌株,由煙草植物衍生之AHAS酵索蚱作用 本發明之詳細描述 苦干有機菝包括酵去茵,大腸桿菌,芥藍CBrassica 1, 芥CArabidopsiO,钳策及煃草之AHAS基因的免整核萼蟑序 列先前已被揭示C Mazur等,前文· Lee等,EMBO J · 7 :1241,1988〕·而且,已經注意到殺萆劑抗性與AHAS序列 中之一或〆個突變有關:特別是抗性已經被注意到與此序 列之4某些特殊胺基醆的取代有關* C歐洲專利259四3 ;
Yadav 等 PNAS USA 83 : 4418 - 22,1986 : 3玨1;1|3317811等,1^11(:1
Acids res. 18.'2188, 1990 〕* 可是,巳經意味著 C Hartnett 等,在 Managing Resistan.ee To Agrichemicals ,第 31 幸,PP. 459-473,美國化學學會,1"0年版:欧洲專利2M 793 )其 中授予抗性發生之突變的這些保留區,一般必須維抟,以 保存酵素功能· 目前意外地發現這些序列之保留明顯地益不是對此分子 甲 4 (210X297 公发) {請先聞讀背面之注意事項再瑱寫本頁 .装· •打· 經濟部中央橾準局印奴 (δ;·. A6 B6 五、發明說明f 8, 之傕化功能必要者·在本發.明的發展溯間,利用芥AHAS密 - -. - 碼區之位點引導誘變,以產、缺失突變,其中一殘基先前 經證明爲可取代者,再自此序列删除•一殘基删除明顯地 破壞此區其中它們發生之保存特性•但是, 此產生之缺 失突變所有都保留AHAS功能,也顯出般草剞抗性*特别是 進行Trp 574 ,Prol9设Ser 653殘基之單一删除,Pro 197及 Ser 653之笔重删除,以產生完全功能,:抗段草劑植物•本 文所有胺ί酸之計數是以齐序列爲基碑-可是,要了 — 解在整個專利説明書及申請專利範圍之中,參照在芥序列- 中缺失之特殊位點,其意思包含在具有AHAS基因之任何其 他物種的AHAS序列中之對應位點· 就這些數據來看,顯而易見的、是這些AHAS分子之抗段草 剞有關區域的保留益不是催化活性的關鍵,而且在一或多個“保留”胺·基酸序列中,一或多個胺基酸缺失可容易地 破此酵素接受而且贈與該植物役草劑抗性•本發明包含 DNA序列其'中對野生型序列而言,已經進行一或多個删除 - *- ,.此删除ί不改變所得之AHAS酵素的催化功能,但其授予二 毅草剞抗性•此種缺失突變包括一或多個密碑子’其编碼 如歐洲專利257 793中所定義之所謂“保留亞序列”之密碼 子的删除,惟並不受限於此•這些是在芥MS中編瑪按基 酸 119-122 , 194-197 , 20卜208 , 255-257 , 348 -353 » 373-377 » (請先聞請背面之注意事ifi再填寫本頁> .装. ,打· .綠. 經 濟 部 中 央 揉 準 局 印 甲 4(210X 297公沒) —10 — A 6 B6 五、發明説明(9 及569-578之DNA序列。此外,另一"保留序列”是650-653 ,其中之取代已經被描述,且其中之刪除可用於導致殺草 劑抗性。一個密碼子、多於一個密碼子,及最高達上述 ”亞序列”中之所有密碼子的缺失被認為是在本發明之範圍 内。較佳是編碼突變棰之密碼子缺失,此密變體具有至少 —選自包括胺基酸 120, 121,197,205, 256, 35 1, 376, 57 1,574,578及653之殘基位置之缺失。最佳是編 碼19 7 , 去7 4或6 5 3缺失之序列。
I 雖然上述缺失所代表之區域'其中之變異、已知是能被容 忍的,可能就分子之實質”番活性(flexibility)”來看, 其他刪除也是可行的。例如,除了那些上面略述者之外, 其他AH AS酵素之明顯”保留”區也存在。並不希望受限於任 何特定之理論,現在似乎大部份這些保留區代表殺草劑之 结合位置*而非與該分子催化活性有關且需有必要结構保 留之位置。於這些位置上有一或多個胺基酸缺失*在理輯 上應可防止其與殺草劑結合,因此,可防止殺草劑干擾 AH AS活性'。使用此理論,現有闞於”保留” AH AS序列之知識 (參閱里如:Mazur 等,Plant Physiol..85:1110-111 7., 1987)及已知技術,例如:位點特異性突费,設計具有額 外缺失之突爱體且可能具有殺箪劑抗性,將成為例行事務 。推定之突爱種可再藉由在抑制有效董之主題殺草劑存在 下生長而篩選,Μ測定是否得到殺草劑抗性。 ns. 濟 部 中 央 橾 準 局 印 誠如所有蛋白質,此功能AH AS酵素有三次元結構,其為 該姐份胺基酸之線性排列的最後结果。胺基酸之側基的相 互作用,產生蛋白質之次级结構,而且再叠,専致產生蛋 白質之三级結構。一既定蛋白質之特異”播築(architecture)” 其最 終是由 此胺基 酸序列 產生者 ,可為 此蛋白 -11 — 一請先M讀背面之注意事項再瑱艿本11 甲 4(210Χ 297'αΆ 五、發明說明(l〇 A 6 B6 雉 濟 部 中 央 揉 準 局 印 Hi 質之功飩的關鍵•因此,聆基醆之罝换保留此蛋白質之全 部結構的完整性,而胳基酸今删除有效地破壞此結搆之々 整性ϋ且可期望顯著地改變蛋白質之三次元结構益且,二 此將會改變分子之功能•所以,從濟在傷害來看,其可由 删除引起,尤其令人W的是所得之分子保有其三次元結 構之足約部分,不僅保留值化功能,而且引起毅草刹抗性 β , 那些熟▲於此技藝者將認知i發明之缺未突變種不受限 於DNA或酵素之來源•㈣、本實驗設計主要利用茶應基. 因序列,類似突變可循例在任何持有蜱一種基因之有機迓 例如:其他高等植物,酵母菌,大腸桿菌及其他微生物獲 得-在所有此已知序列之中,在野生型雜s基因之相似性 大至使其以例行實驗之物質,在芥以外之^^序列中屢相 同突變種V或變更爲可建立含與得自其他來源之_基因 的未改變部分重組合之芥AHAS基·因的缺失突變種部分之崁 合基因· _ •本文所镌述之新穎基因麵型可使對一或多種類型毅草劑_ 具抗性•.如巳經建立好者,綱是幾種不同類救草劑之作用點,^ 咪唑啉酮,磺醏脲,三唑駢嘧啶,胺磺醏脲及磺醯羧醯胺 至於由胺基醆置換而授予之救草剞抗性,由 此種突變產生之玟草劑抗性可對特定般草剞具選揮性,或 可對多於一種以上的救单劑具交又抗性•例如·: Trp订4及 653之删除,產生對咪唑咻酮及磺瞇脲兩者之交叉抗性· 可疋,一熟練於此技藝者,藉由在例如·· ~有咪唑啉辆, 甲 4 (210X297 公发) ί請先¾¾背面<注意事項再填.¾本页」 k. *r. -sf· -12 - 20BVi〇 A6B6 五、發明說明(11 > 經濟部中央搮準局印裝 或^’有磺醏脲之存在下分開辉選並且黹殘存之植物單.離, • · . < · _ 就可容易地決定任祷特定突變鮞4特異性•、交叉抗性可藉 »· — ·二. - 由在多於一種救草剤的存在下生長測定之*本發明有用之 救草劑類螌祓描述在例如:美國專利案4· 1肋· 487 : 4,201,565 :4,221,586 ; 4,297,128 : 4,555,013 : 4,608,079 ; 4,638,068 :4,647,301 ; 4,650,514 ; 4,698,092 ; 4,701,208 : 4,709,036 :4,75 2,323 ; 4,772,311 :及 4,798,619 :’美國專利案 4,1?7,4〇5 ;4,435,206 : 4,424,703: 4,417,917 ; 4,398,939 : 4,394,506 :4,391,627 ; 4,383,113 ; 4,378,991 : 4,372,778 ; 4,371,391 ;4,370,480 ; 4,370,479 : 4· 369,320 C # 酸腺)· 於此時,AHAS經證明不僅存乒各種不同植物,而且經謹· 明在寬‘範圍之基本上不相關植物,例如:玉米,芥藍,煃 草,亞麻,芥,及甜莱上是決定投单剞敏戚,i之一關啐位 點 c Stougaard 等,Mbl· Gen. Genet. 219 : 413-420,1989 : Jordan & McHughen, J. Plant Physiol. 131: 333-338, 1987; McHughen, Plant Cell Report 8: 445-449, 1989 ) ·然後如上面所註明者,可 铯i接在有趣之植物中,藉由已知诱變枝街,使產生逋切 之突變· C 參閲,例如:Maniatis 等,Molecular Cloning, 一實驗手册,Cold Spr丨ng Harbor實驗室,1982 ;及下文if 施例I ) ·可是,通常.用一已知及單雜DNA序列,將更宜 於友生轉化植物,此一 DNA序列包括必要之缺失》例如在 本案例中描述之芥缺失突變種·'含於574及6M位之缺失 突變種之質粒,已經於1990年12月6日,分別以接受登記 號碼 ATCC 68488 及 68489寄存在 American Type Culture Collection {請先KI讀背面之注意事吼再填寫本頁 •装. •打. •綠·
五、發明説明ί 12 * _R〇ckvi 1 Ie, MD · . . . 本發明之單離AHAS DNA序-列V .九神^, -τ夕」1用於轉化榡的作物植株, 藉以提供救萆剞抗性,而未必要餚瘳β Η ^ ± ★ π琦變*目前存在有寬範圍 技街,可用於達到用賴職以錢接轉化高等植物, 而藉此任-方法,可將此㈣序卵人寄主基因組,並且 由其于代穗定地遣傳,此涵蓋在本發明之内·—此種方法 之詳細描述,將提供在下列實旄例中< 藉由使用載體可達到植物細胞之間接轉化•達到轉化之 —普通於法是使用根癌土壞以f細如㈣脑tumefacien ),辨外來基因導入梯的植物細胞·咧如:在本案例中, 將突變種AHAS序列插入在τ卜質粒_中含側翼序列的 質粒載《中·熬後將贫粒轉化進入大腸桿菌•在此菌株中 三親株雜交,一含消除T卜質粒之土壤样茵菌株其含,性 功飩者,必須將含T-DNA序列之AHAS .轉移進入檁的植物之 杀色ft,並且將含一質粒之第二大腸样菌菌株其含一質粒 具有必須咸與得自大腸样菌之g結搆轉移至土壤样菌之 序列携帶出去·一重组合土壤桿菌菌株,含此必要序列, 供用於植物轉化,以侵染葉序·葉片在選定培養基上生長 並且經確認成功地轉化再生種•田收之植物當在般革刹存 在下生長時,對敌单軋之作用具抗性•其他植物載菝例如 .植物病毒,也提供—種供外源DNA轉移之—可能工具„ 也可使用植物細跑之菹接轉化,取代載菝的使用•典型 ,將梯的植物之原生質髖放在被轉移DNA存在之培養基中 ,促進原生質K吸收DNA之剞,被吸附在其表面上•關於 甲 4 (210X297 公发) OBVio Α6 Β6 經濟部中央抹準為印焚· 五、發叼說明(13 這點有用之翻是聚?二薄,或,鱗酸約.. - · ·· 或變更爲藉疋lectroparation—可鈿激DNA吸收•在此方法中 ’電腺衝是Θ於打開原生質體細胞膜内之暫時孔珐,在圍 繞溶液中之DNA再經孔味引入細跑·同樣地,可使用微注 射將DNA S接遞送至細胞,較佳 < 接進入細胞核, 每一前述技衡中,在培養基內之枝物細胞發生轉化•轉 化事件倂發後,植物细胞必須再生成整個植物*由愈侮組 織或原生質《培養之成熟植物的再生技衡,現在爲許多不 同物種所熟知者(參閲例如;· Hanbook of P丨ant Ce丨1 Culture ,vols 1-5 , 1983-1989 McMillan,Ν·Υ·》·因此,—旦達成轉 化’在此技藝之知識以內,由經轉化植物细胞再生成熟植 物-' 變更方法也是目前可利用者,其未必需要板用單難知孢 所以》使甩再生技街,以達到轉化.·這些一般稱之為“ 彈道”或粒子加速”方法,其中DNA塗及之金屬粒子藉 火禁充電 Klei II 等,Nature 327 : 70^73,1987 )或故電 C 歐· 洲專利公告270 356 :)推入植物細胞•以此方式,培養中之 植物細絶或植物絮殖器官或細胞,例如:花耠,可用有趣 之DNA序列穩定地轉化* 本發明可應用至賁質上任何麺型之植物,單子葉及雙子 葉植物之轉化•作物植株中供此轉化成狡草劑抗性被涵蓋 的是玉米,小麥,水稻,级,戾麥,大麥,高梁,紫苜蓿 ,柑策,芥藍屬,蕃茄,胡椒,大豆,蛭萆,甜瓜,南瓜 ,馬鈐薯,花生,豌豆,棉花,或可可•此新頴序列也可 甲 4(210X297 公发) • - - • •·*··φ··*··φ*········*···*··*·····^. *········*· ·········♦·*····♦············*·······Α >···**···«·*·*·· 線:…:ν {請先閱讀背面之注意事巩再填寫本贾> 20SU6 A6 B6 M.濟部中表梂準局印¾ 五、發明説明(14) 用於蛘化裝飾物種例:沬.塊,及喬冰種额例如·•松樹β 本發明之,顆序列也可使1妙爲在植物邊傳研究上之可 選择之操記*例如··在植物轉化上,編瑪救草剩抗姓之序 列可·接至用於轉化梯的毅草劑教戚植物細胞之有趣基因上 •此结構包括將有趣之基因及抗軚草剞序列兩者導入植物 細胞’此植物細跑再於抑制量之狡草刺的存在下生長•此 種處理存活之植物細胞可推测巳取得抗性基因以及有趣之 基因•所以,推定之轉化突變型是容易確認的„本發明將藉由下列胙限制性實施例進一步加以説明》 货施例I編碼芥AHAS之基因祖無性系的單離 一包含芥AHAS之啓動區,遏渡肽及一部份成熟密碼區之 2.1 kb EcoRI 片段籍銬 口轉譯 C nick translation )標定吟 C Maniatis 等,jVio丨eculer Cloning :—.赏驗手册,Cold Spring Harbor 賁驗宣,Cold Spring Harbor, Ν. Υ· 1982 )並且利用 作為雜交探針,以辉選由擬南界〔Arabidopsis . thaliana )深 色 ft ‘組 DNA 製得之基因庫(Clontech,Palo Alto, CA ) * 滅 紙於 42 °C,在 β X SSC,5 X Denhardt 氏溶液,50mA 磷酸 鈾,pH7.2 ,0.1%SDS及100後克/毫升變性鮭魚精蟲DNA 中雜交24小時·濾紙於.60 °C,在1 X SSC及0.1 % SDS中 洗幾次•六個重組合噬筠If C A 22,A 31,A 42,A 52, A72,A83 )被分無作爲推定陽性•這些噬肩技經噬 純化並且於低多重性下,用大腸桿菌菌株k8〇2,在液《ΝΖΥ 肉汁(NZCYM是10克NZ胺,5克氣化钠C NaCI〕,5克酵 {請先聞讀背面之注意事吼再填寫本頁 •装. .打. •線· 中 4(210X297 公发) —16 — Α6 Β6 蛆 濟 部 中 央 捸 準 局 印 五、發明說明(15
母本取物,1克酪蛋白胺基,酸,2.克_破駿鎂七水合物及1〇 毫升 1Μ Tris 'HC1,ρΗ7·2-' 中,依 Maniat'is 等,前文所 描述方法侵篇*液嫌培養基於37 °C,用固定振燙(300 rpm )培-養遏夜*取50毫升懸浮液藉由添加固體氟化纳及固體 聚L二醉CPEG)配成1M NaCl及8 % PEG ·此懸泮液於4 °0培養遏夜,使噬菌蹬沉激·*此噬菌雅經由於18,000 X|麴 心2〇分鐘使成九•將此丸再懸浮在20毫;升ΊΜ缓衝液(10 nM
tris - HCI,pH 7·5 ; 1〇πΜ MgCl 2 ),放在 CsCl分段梯度 C 4.8 M CsCl,4.0 M CsCl 及夺·2Μ CsCl )上並且於 50,000 X g,在SV\€0摄動斗式轉子內雜心1小時•自4.0 / 3.2M CsCl 界面取出道菌技蒂,放_入I·5毫升Eppendorf管中, 此噬菌ΊΚ藉添加1趙僉甲醯胺使溶解並且於室溫培養3〇分 鐘•籍由將此溶液配成lOnM Tri s七C1 ,pH 8.0及lnM Na 0- EDTA间收DNA並經由添加2誼積耽涔已珥使DNA沉澉· 噬菌《 DNA經離心坷收之,用移洗後,再懸浮在xe 緩衝液 C Τέ緩衝液是 ι〇πΜ Tris-HCI,pH 7·5 ; InM Na2-EDTA ).·經此化PNA循例用笨酚:氣仿:異戊咩c 24 : 24 : 1 )萃取一至幾次,加G醇使沉澱,並且於用各種不同限制 酵素消化之前,再懸浮在5〇 -咖微升XE緩衝液中· 得自六個重組合噬菌之DNA製品用各種不同的限制酵 素消化並且藉由經i %瓊雎糖凝膠電年使溶解·此DNA轉 移至硝基殲維素(Southern )且對代表21此Eco RI序段之 3*S C成熟密瑪之過渡肽及5*部分)的故射性梯定之9〇〇 bp Ncol/EcoRl 峥段雜交(於 gjyc ,在 2X SSC , 5X Denhardt 甲 4(210X297 公廣) ....................................一 ............k.................…一 ............:#*. (請先閲讀背面之注意事项再填寫本頁) —17 — 經濟部中央抹準局印裝 20咖 A6 _B6_ 五、發明説明(161氏篸液,50fflM磷醆鈾,pH7.2,0.1 % SDS及2)0微克/毫升 , · · * _ 變性鮭魚精蟲DNA中,.雜交与Ψ時)·此濾紙於65 °c,在 0·5 X SSC及 0.1 % SDS 洗 2 次· 900 bp Ncol /EcoRr 净段雜 交至A 42及A 52兩者之5.5 kb X l?a丨及2.1 EcoR丨;f段》這些 數據與有關編碼芥AHAS之基因組序列的無性系及特性描述 之已發表資料一致 C Mazur 等,Plant Physiol, 85 : 1110-1117 ,1987 )- ' 經選擇之噬_ K A 52供進一步分析β A 52之5.5 kb X bal 片段自1 %瓊脂糖凝孩單難出來並且經依製迨商建議之IB[ 電溶雒設計纯化之•此5.S kb X bal片咚經G醇沉殿並且再 懸浮在dd H2〇中•將這些片段連接至X ba丨經消化-PSK㈠ 質粒 DNA C 購自 Stratagene,La Jolla,CA) * 此净段在 14 〇C ,以20微升體積,藉剪面Mani ati s等所描述之方法連绎l6 - 24小時,接著培養後,取2〇微升反應體積,用肌脱Tris _HCI,pH 7.2稀释至》0微升*此樣品的25微升再用伽虛 Tris- HCI / pH 7.2稀釋成B0微升並且用BO微升適任HB 101 細抱〔正確地依 Morrison ( Meth Enzymol· 68 : 32卜331,1979) 所描述之方·法製備之〕培養*此質、粒/大腸桿茵轉化淡合 物在冰上培養20分嫂;轉移至42 &,培養2分鐘;室温培 養10分鐘;隨後立刻添·.加1毫升(LB'肉汁是每升10克bact0_ t ryptone ; 5克酵母羊取物ί 5克氣化纳及1〇毫升Tri s -HCI,pH7.2 )並且於37°C再培養20分鐘*在此工作中使 用之DNA質粒無性載趙携帶授予胺苄青微素CampiclUin ) 或卡那微素(kanamycin )抗杜之基因β所以,將200微升 {請先閱讀背面之注意事填再填寫本頁) .装· .打. •緣· 甲 4 (210X297 公发) —18 — ΟΒ^Ιύ A 6 Β6 經濟部中央揉準局印裝 五、發明説明(17 ) 每^•,化現合物if接接種真.LBamp/或—LB.kari.片上(DO微克 /微升個別抗生素)if:且依||4大小,於37' °C培姜12 - 20 小時· 將茵落轉移至毫升LBamp或LBkan益且於37 °C,用固 定振盪培養過夜•小規棋質粒DNA製品是藉前面Maniatis 等描述之鹼性溶胞方法之小量修改被備之-·循例,取此3 毫升過夜培養液的400微升,在I.5务升Eppendorf 管中難 心使成丸狀並且再懸浮在150微升GTE溶液中(GTE溶液 是 5〇πΜ -策萄糖:25nM Tris- HCJ,pH 8.0 及 ItoM Na 2_EDTA ) 並且在冰上培養20分鐘,隨後於規定Bf間間隔添加3〇〇微 升鹼性-SDS溶液及200微升_5MK+/3M OAc **最後之0似 丸再懸‘浮在40微升在TE緩衝液中之50微克/微升RNAs e A 中"取出15微升質粒DNA供限制消化β 2個ΐ粒,PAC3〇l C 5* 73·〕及 PAC302 (3*--75* ),代表含 5.5 kb X bal 沣段之結 構,速接至PSK㈠之X bal位點** PAC301及PAC302之進一 步限制分析,確認存在编碼芥^HAS之基因組序列的啓動區 ,_過渡肽,成熟密碼區及3·朴辦譯區C前面Mazur等)* f施例I · 芥AHAS密碼區之寡核萼駿位點引導誘變 ⑻pAC301之單股模板的製備一將此質粒PAC 301轉化至 大腸桿菌菌株,XL- 1 C Stragene ) ·由此pSK㈠“嗤菌趙 質粒(Phagemid )”基礎結構,依製迨者原報告產生單股PAC 301模板•循例,將3毫升SBamP過夜培養液洛加至含50 毫升SBamp之無菌三角瓶中C SB是每升含35克細菌的口1〇加 請先閱讀背面之注意事得再填寫本頁) -裝· ,打· •線· 甲 4 (210X297 公;«) —19 — y-N ** * ·'Obv A 6 B6 經滴部中决秣準局印繁 五、發明説明(18丨 、 - · ,容克酵母萃取物,5克Naqi及10毫升谓Tn· s _HC丨,pjj 7·5 )益且於37 »C,—甩固定—振—去(3〇〇 rpm )培養度至此 培養液達到0Deoo是〇·3為止•此時培養液用輔助噬_體 ,R 408 c i X #噬菌菝)培養並且於3〇〇 rpm,37γ ,激烈10。振盪速續培養過夜•細茵於1〇,〇〇〇 x g離心10 分鐘,使成丸狀•將此細菌九.丢素並將此含單股pAC 301 棋板之上層液(大約45毫升)於4。〇貯^存菹至使用•上層 竦循例至多使用一個月,供單股噬茵嬗質粒(phagemid )槳 備用•單股PAC 301噬菌體哭粒DNA之小规模製品r i.2 毫升)》基本上依製迨者C Stratagene )描述之方法製備之 •此噬菌菝藉添加300微升3·5 Μ醏酸接,PH 7.5 ; 20 % PEG霉液,使沉澱下來》此溶液在I』毫升Eppend〇rf管中 混合好it且於至温培養20分鐘•單股唆菌技洛由在Eppendorf 微離心管中離心20分鐘使成丸狀•將本層液傾析出來,此 丸乾燥後,最终再懸浮在300微升TE緩衝液中•噬菌技藉 添加2〇0微升笨阶:氣仿:異戍醇C 24 : 24 : . 1 )並渦動 1分鐘使其溶解•此步驟重復1次,隨後用氯仿••異戊移 C 24 : 1 )萃取2次以上•最终水相i辱沉澉c 1/10 K積 5M K+/3M oAC及2K積酵),用7〇%匕醇洗後, 再懸浮在20微升TE緩衝液並且轉移至新鲜i.5毫升Eppend〇rf 管中· (c)寡核菩酸之製備一所有塞核替駿都構自New England Biolabs ·寡核替酸被利用於導入⑴於芥密碼區(Trp— > Leu )之Trp 574殘基之胺基酸置換及⑵於Trp 574胺 甲 4(210X 297公沒) 請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填穹本頁) .^· •打· •線, 20871ο Α6 Β6 五、”㈣19: 基竣垮基之胺基酸缺失· ,」 » · 請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本页)
Trp 574 —> Leu .置換… ' _ ,
V M Q W E D R 野主型 5,-GTT ATG CAA TGG GAA GAT CGG_ 3 *
V M Q L E D R 突變種 5.-GTT ATG CAA TTG GAA GAT CGG-3· C2卜mer)
Trp 574 缺失 ,—
V M Q W E DR 野生型 _ 5*-GTT ATG CM TGG GAA GAT CGG-3*
V M Q E D R 突變種 5 · -G GTT ATG CAA——GAA GAT CGC-3* / C2Hmer) 20〇奈克之每一寡核苷酸於雜交至PAC 301單股模樨之 前,進行激酶反應· 40微升反應《積包括50 nM Tris-HCl, PH 7.5; 1〇πΜ MgCIg» 5〇nM DTT » O.lnM 精脒 C spermidine ) 蛆濟部中央橾準局印裝 及0.1 πΜ Νά 2-EDTA ·此反應經由添加10箪位T4多核萼醆 連.接螓(Pharmacia:)起始並於37 °C培養30分鐘•此反應藉由 將反應混合物熱至90 °C維持3分鐘使反應终止•此激酶反 應物的一半添加至整S 20微升pAC 301單股製品並且於65 °C培養10分鐘,以促進雒交*於此40微升激酶/寡核萼醆 混合物添加6微升InM dNTP*s ,6微升10 X連接酶緩衝 液 C 500 mM Tris-HCl,pH 7.5 ; 7〇noM MgCl 2 及 10°°^ DTT ) » 2 微升 IOieM rATP,5 單位 Klenov DNA 聚合酶 C Pharmacia ) ,8單位DNA連接薛(Stratagene )及4微ft* d dH^O ·此软 甲 4(210X297 公沒) -21 - A6 _B6 五、發明說明(20) 合蜂/連接反應於室温培養3小時•此瀑合物的一半用於 , . 轉化適任大腸桿菌XL-J 細—胞^將此轉化混合物铺在LBamp 、- —-- 净上並於37 ΐ培養過夜*轉化突變種以梅格方式·再劃線 接種至新鮮LBamp片上•菌落篩選藉雜交正確地依Stratagene Technical Service 所描述之方法 C 1988 年 6 月 / pBSI Exo/ Mung Bean DNA Sequencing System )進行之 * 兩種寡核夺 酸藉激酶交換反應標定32P C 300奈免寡核替酸在40 WCi S32p_ATp之存在下,利用先前描述之激酶調整)·未參入 之32p_ATp 雇由此激酶反應物經_2〇%丙烯醯胺/?M脲凝 釋·電泳去除之•此放射活.性帶相當於21 -mer 寡核苷酸, 用剃刀;f自凝應·切開並且藉⑴Maxam及Gi lbert4l打碎及漫 清方海使溶離C PNAS USA 74: 560 - 566,1977 )或⑵經IB[ 經濟部中央搮準局印裝 (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 電溶離設計電溶離•經純化放射性標定之寡钕替酸於朴嚴 緊雜交條件C 37 °C雜交24小時,在6 乂 SSC,5 X Denhardfs ,Na-P,pH 7.2及—500微克/微升小牛胸腺DNA中 雜交)雜交至硝基織維素_落層•濾紙於室孟,在6xSSC 及 5ftriVI Na-P ,ρΗ7·2 洗一次,再於 37 °C,在 6XSSC 及 50 πλί Na-P,· pH7.2洗一次《最後,濾紙再於60°C在3M氣 化四甲接,5〇nM Tris七C1,ρΗ7·5 ’ 2nM Nag- EDTA 及 / 毫 克/毫升SDS中,以15分鐘間隔洗2次· 一具完全驗基對 鹼基雜交配對C郎突變種寡聚物對突變種噬菌捜質粒)之 21- mer寡核萼酸於60 °C未洗去,無噬菌ft質粒,而一略 微錯誤82·段C卽突變種寡聚物對野生型噬菌椬質粒〕被洗 掉•推定陽性由黑始LBamp片割線至一新鲜LBamp沣。自 每一再割線推定陽性之轉化突變型,再以一桃格模式再割 甲 4 (210X297 公发) -22 — A6 B6 £08你 五、發明說明(21 > {請先聞讀背面之注意事吼再填寫本頁) 線ϋ且重複Λ菌落雜交•多二次陽性者透過Trp574密碼區 經DNA序列分析再確認之乂 Sanger等,PNAS USA 74: 5463- ,-··.:· 一-
5467, 1977) * 2 個陽性突變種,PAC 324 ( Trp574 —>Leu 取代)及pAC 325 C Trp 574缺失)經選揮供進一步分析-實施例I 煃草之土壤桿萄嫖介轉化 — ⑻載fit之建立一自ClontecI^得載《及"L土壤样_菌株•質 粒pB丨N19是一大腸桿茵/ 土壤样菌二往復性载髖,其持有 T卜質粒T-DNA,一種多連結子之左及右邊緣序列,在大 腸样_及土壤桿菌兩者之複製功诜之R_K2細_起始,及一 增與卡那敬索抗性之基因C Beyan,NuCl,Acids Res, 12 : 8711 -8721,,1984 ) * 質粒 pAC 324 芨 pAC 325 用 Xbal 消化並且 •打· 線· 經1 %瓊脂糖凝縢電_·含PAC324及PAC325 之個别寒變 之5·5 kb Xbal序段依先前描述之方法單離•質粒pB【N19用 Xba丨消化並且以一分開連接反應,用得自PAC324及pAC325 之5.5 kb Xial序段培養•此連接混合物轉化至大勝桿_ XL-1.細胞中並且經一藍/白色選揮,在LBaix序(LB序上有 耽微克/微> 胺卡青徵素,80微克/毫升X-Gal及 [PTG )上遘擇陽性轉化突變種*小规楔質粒製迻,限制 消'化分析及瓊雎糖凝捧電泳,依先前描述之方法進行,以 確定陽性轉化突變種•其中四個PB【N19基礎質粒構造,pAC 348 - PAC349 (在 pB 丨N19 中含 Trp574--Leu 缸代之 5.5 kb Xbal片段兩取向〕及pAC35hpAC 351 C在PBIN19中含Trp 574缺失之5.5 kb Xbal片段的兩種取向),由每一個別突 —23 — 甲 4(210X297 公沒) A6 B6 五、發明·%明(22; 變之一構造選择作為煃草之.轉化·/」 (b) pAC348 - pAC 351 帶入ϋ 桿菌中 質粒 pRK2〇l3 是一轉移性質粒 C conjugative plasmid ), 其含將得自大腸桿菌之pB【N19基礎鲒構帶入經裁減土壤桿 菌菌株,LBA4404 CpAL 4404 )中泠要之反作用序列β此土 壤桿_菌株對鍵徽素具抗性並且含此經裁滅Ti質粒pAL44〇4 C Ooms 等,Plasmid 7: 15-29,1982 )〆此 Ti 質粒帑助此反 作用毒性功能必须促進pB丨N19基礎T-DNA區轉移進入蛭草 之杀色》· pB[Nl9基破載K,_轉移性質粒CPRK2013 ),及 土壤桿菌菌株CLBA4404 )之三親代锥交,本質上依Bevan C NuCI. Acids Res. 12 : 8711-8721,_ 1984 )所描述之方法造行。 質粒pAC348 - 351 CKanr)及pRK2013 (Καηθ 依先前描述之方 法轉化進入適任大腸枰菌ΗΒ101或XL-1 細胞•將含每一 質粒之轉化突變型接種至3毫升LBkaiJ肉汁培養液中並且 於37 °C,以固定振盪培養之•此土壤桿_菌株,LBA4404 ,接種至ABst 培養基C 20 X AB是20克氣化鉄CNH4CI) 雉濟部中央橾準局印裝 {請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ,.6克硫酸鎂七水合物CMgS〇4- 7M2〇〕,3克氣化鉀CKC1〕 ,60 克硃酸 A 二鉀 CK2HP〇4) ,20 克磷酸二 & 钠 CNaH2P〇4) ,3克氟化鈣CCaCI 2)及50毫克硫酸绒七水合物(FeS〇f 7H2〇)〕·將葡萄搪添.加至1 X原種培養液中至終濃度0·5χ 1並且用固定振盪,於28 °C培養36 - 48小時•此三親代維 交籍由將1毫升三種培養液中的每一鏔(ΡβΙΝ19基破搆迨 ,PRK2013及LBA4404 )混合至一無_管中使起始益且於 28 °C連續培養1小時β此培養液經抽真空至一 0.45UM濾紙 甲 4(210X 297公发) 一 24 —
五、發明説研(23) 上濃,之並直於28ec,在τ.ΝΒ縿上培|過夜(NB是4克Di fco 營養肉汁耠及10毫升1M Trfs - HCI, pH 7.2)— ·將此濾紙放 , ··.-.* ~ *- 在2毫升新鲜AB培養基肀並且慢慢旋轉1小時•將一稀释 系列補至ABstrpAaii净上並且於28 °C培養3 - 4天《只有 携蒂PBIN19基礎構迻c kary〕之土壤桿菌c strp/:)生長在 ABstrp/kan培養基上•由ABstrp/kan毕之單一菌落接種至 ABstrB/kan肉汁培養基中並且於28°C,1用固定振盪36 - 48 小時培養之•這些培養再割線接種至AB8trp/kan片,於28 °C培養3 - 4天並且於4。<:竚存®至使用· ⑹缉草之土壤桿菌嫖介轉化 將PAC348及PAC351接種至50 $升ABka〇益且用固定振盪 ’於28" °C培養36 - 48 d、時細菌藉由於2500 r pm,在Damon /【EC 秦上型離心機雔心1〇分鐘使晏丸狀· i細菌丸每懸 浮在5毫升BAT培養基C BAT培養基是1 X MS 鹽(Mura-shige 及 Skoog,Plant Physiol. 15: 473-497, 1962 ) 1 X 85維 生素〔KX) >〇B5是每1升有10毫克myo -肌醇,mo毫克菸醆 ,.耽毫克吡啰醇C維生素B6 ),及1000毫克鹽酸硫胺素( 維生素& ) ·〕,3 %戾楗,5收pH5.7之6-苄胺基嘌岭 〕·將年幼温室生長Wisconsin 38煙革葉切成2縱切序益且 漫在含Ivory洗手肥皂之水中•此在無_蒸你水中洗 後,在10 % Clorox + Tween 20溶液中扰抨浸泡10分鐘並且 用ddH2〇溧洗3次•由此葉切净使用軟木穿轧器或鑽孔器 切成圓片•將這些圓片放在含再懸浮土壤桿菌培養液之50 毫升管中*此懸浮液慢慢混合5分鐘並且吸墨至無_紙巾 -25 - {請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本页) 甲 4(210X297 公沒) r^0BVi〇 A6 _____B6_ 五、發明説明(24, 上旅且培養至BAT培莘基片C BO X 2〇麾米;f,每)f大約有 10個圓葉坪)_·此序於25 鮝光下培養48—小時•然後將 ». 一· 此圓葉厗轉蔟至選揮培養基C BATCK ; BAT培養基加羧苄 青徵素C carbenicillin )及卡那微素(kanamyic ))並且 可復至最初培養條件i|[至形成嫩枝'•將卡那徵素抗性嫩枝 轉移至在CGA7) Magenta箱內之OTCK C生根:)選擇培養基( OTCK培養基是batck培養基減6 -宇^胺基嘌蛉)並且連 續先前描述之培養條件《當卡那黴索抗性嫩枝形成一可評 價根系時(i少有3個根之長度比1公分長·),.將此枝物 轉移至土壤中•簡略地自GA7箱取ΛΛ洋菜支撑幼苗,用 溢自來水小心地將洋茉洗掉並具將此幼苗轉移至GA7容器 內之泥炭盆中的母沒备物(_ metfomix )中*將此植物放在 a室中並且讓其變得壯大•總共5顆卡那徽条抗性幼苗含 PAC348及9顆含PAC 350之卡那徵索抗性幼苗轉移至土壤 •大約10- 14天後,將此泥炭盆移植至較大盒· pAC348 pAC351 轉化突變種__# :轉化突變種# : 請先《讀背面之注意事項再瑱寫本頁) .打· ⑴ 19、1 ⑴10 ⑵ 33 - 1 ⑵20 (3) 33 - 2 ⑶20 ⑷ 46 — 1 ⑷20 •線· m iS 中 林k 坏a 2 46 ⑸ 2727273042 ⑸⑻⑺⑻⑼ 1 2 4
1—___ _ _ A6 B6 五、發明說明(25 ) jr施例f .: -—- jt予救萆刹抗性之突變種的-測走及特性描适 AHAS 酵»析(葉組織)一轉移至溫室後立刻製備每 —卡那微素抗性轉化突變種萃取物差且對咪唑咻酮Pursuit 毅萆剤分析不敏戚性*依先前部分'描述之方法萃取L*醯羥 醆合成酶並加以分析* 2個卡那徽素抗性轉化突變種c 33 -1及46 - 2 )其含Trp574 —>Leu取代二之芥AHAS等位基因 之突變種等位基因,在Pursuit数萆劑之存在下顯出AHAS活 性*此外,一卡那徵素抗性缺失轉化突變種(1〇 _ - 1 )之 AHAS 活性顆示對添加pUrSUi t救草劑不敏成(圖7 ) *此 Trp574缺失轉化突變種同一材秆是自交及间交至Wisconsin 38 **由‘10- 1之子代癖Pursui t救草奇丨,於比對對照煃草植 株致死之濃度大4 - 8倍下,萌後施用顯出4受性· -團2⑻-(C)展示上述討論之雜交及對照組之表現型的比 較照相•這些觀察顯示在由轉化葉組織之最初分析中 觀察抗性之遺傳,及於整個植物程度下,此特性之表現· -在一更定量分析中,基因突變煃单植株C 10- 1 )之自 交子代的種子含芥AHAS之Trp574缺失突變並且將教戚梘代 栽培種“ Wisconsin 38 **之種子種在5吋Azalea盆內之Metr〇 Mix 35〇*中*此幼苗於2天後使稀疏至單一最铥健幼苗· 11天後,這些植物用Pursuit ,以〇 , 1〇 , 2〇 ,奶,8〇及16〇 經濟部中央樣準局印裝
{請先KJ讀背面之注意事項再填駕本頁J .打. •tf. 克/公頃葫後喷霧•每一種婕草麺型〔基因突變及對照組 ;)之5顆植物,以每個救草劑比例喷霧,喷霧之前,丁呢抑 20*以0·25體積比添加至救草劑溶液中•此段草劑用實驗 甲 4 (210X297 公发) —27 〇8ηό Α6 Β6 雉濟部中央揉準局印裝 :)之自交子 代顳出對Pvrsuit萌後施用具高度耐受性•敏或总代栽培種 於你何試驗比例下都未顯現救草剞耐受性β 五、發明説明(26 室帶式噴霧溶,以4〇0升;/公頃之比刺,於植法上方18叶 距離下,用帶速度8·2'秒/>叙嘖嘴#es〇lg E施用之•處 理後1,2,3及4星期測量植物高度,於4及%星期時 ,記嫁植物鮮重教據· 這些吋霧的結果描述在圖4 ·在'圓中子代數據用每—救 单劑比例之最对受性個趙第—及最教戚個菝最後表示之· 由此圓可看出,當原始基因突變植物之〔自交子代預期,分 離毅萆刹耐受性子代•可觀察到教戚子代及具各種不同程 度救草劑讨受性之個菝· 每一救草剤比例之植物鮮重(克平均值示於表2 , 以平均鲜重C克)摘鎵如下(:表1 ): / 表1 -..................................{、............災........·......................打…:: - ^ ·*······»·*···· ·····«» ............................·.·:. 一 一 .- (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁> 蛭萆平均鲜重 對照組 基 因突 C每一組5重後) 救草劑比例: · 〇克_ /公頃 52.1 53.7 10克/公頃 8.1 36.4 20克/公頃 2.0 28.8 40克/公頃 0.8 20.9 80克/公頃 0.6 26.5 160克/公頃 0.2 21.4 由此表可看出,基因 突變煃单植株c 10 -
A6 B6 五、發明說明(£7 舍基因突變植物10 - !矣皋的粳子也分析其對咪唑咻辆 Pursuit之抗性•將種.子接蟑主含。,、·25,2 5,Vs 及5.0 mM Pursui t之培巷基上《•每個培養瓜接種2〇個種子 ,每個處理用2個培養皿·3星期後評估幼苗之毅草劑对 受性* 5·0 mM處理的结果示於表< ·甚至於最低濃度(I25 mM處理組)下’對照植物仍顯出段草剞敏戚性•這些結 果説明由親代植物10 - 1至其子代之抗*殺草劑特性的遺傳· 表2 多草種子分麻的结果
Pursuit 濃度CnM) : 5 S* D R ^ V W38 C野生型) 20 0. 0 20 0 0 10-1 - 7 6 6 - 自交 3 11 6 10-1X0 11 9 0 11 9 0 0X10-1 10 9 0 8 8 0 *S =敏戚性:D =損害 ;R =抗性 經 濟 部 央 橾 準 局 ip 裂
實施例V 以大腸桿_分析AHAS酵素 位點引導突變校, {請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 素分析C表現在大腸桿菌 甲 4 (210X297公发) —29 — A6 B6 五、發明説明(28 #024及pAC225,利用作爲大腸桿菌爲基爽之表現系统的 世代模板•當有趣之高·等植 因在任一内源活性之 细_茵株缺之表現時,試驗對救草剞之不敏戚性-爲了此 目的 ’將野生型界AHAS ( pAC301)之Nc η I/P stl片段,Trp 574-I*eu取代C .pAC224 )及Tr p 574缺失亞無性繁技造入大勝 桿菌表現载體,PKK233-2 C 購自Pharmacia )之Nc〇I / Pstl 位點·此表現質粒含[PTG誘導啓動區μ々及轉鎵終止序列, 兩區圍繞一Ncol,Hind |[及PstI聯鲒子序列,其容許有趣 之基因對細菌啓動區之適當取向*個别Ncol / Pst 1片段亞 無性繁技益連接至如先前描述之經Ncol /PstI消化pKK233 * ^ -2 DNA C胺卡青徽素抗性〕•此速接反應轉化至大腸桿 茵菌株,MF2000〔 ilv 0 800: mu-l,Bg 132 , ilvl 15,thi-Ι ’ arg E 3 » RPSL 31 » Cara-leu, i Iv HI ) 863· mtKjj, xy卜5· galk2 ,lacYI,recAl 〕·此細菌菌株缺乏內源AHAS活性•所以 生長在缺乏異白胺酸及纈胺酸C其包含在AHAS酵素之胺基 醆生合成路^之終產物中)之基本培養基(血·111·11131邮山3) ,在 M pAC224 C Trp574 - Leu )或 pAC225 C Trp 缺失)轉化 之MF2000 _株需要芥基因在大腸样茵之表現及功能· 3低 構造輔技MF2000中的每一個在洋菜培養基上以及肉汁培養 液中· 經 濟 部 中 央 抹 準 局 印 {請先Μ讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁> 含質粒構造PAC2l〇,PAC224或?八仁225之MF2000的單一茵 株接種至含胺基酸精胺酸,白胺酸,異白胺酸及總接酸之 MB3基本培養基CamP)之3毫升肉汁培養液中** 〔M田是 30克璘酸二氩鉀(,70克蹲酸氫二鉀(冗2册〇4),2〇 甲4(210X297公发) —30 — Α6 Β6 五、發明説明ί 29 克硫啤銨CCfttl4)2S〇4),5毫克硫酸亞鐵CFeSOp , ]〇〇微 升1 Μ硫酸鎂<MgS〇4> ’ 200-微升硫胺素cthi咖·μ ),葡 萄接濃度提升至I·2 %〕·此培養液於37〇c,用固定抵逢 培養遏夜*成丸狀之細菌細皰,再懸浮在附加有精瞭酸及 白胺酸’但缺乏異白胺酸及纈胺蟑之幾毫升M63 Camp) c 負ilv培養基)此細胞轉移至10 — 5Q毫升員jlv培養基益 且於37 C固定振盪持續遇夜•細胞使成-九狀益且这接用於 AHAS 酵素分析或於-2tfC冷凍it至使用· 細茵·细胞中芥AHAS之萃取及分析基太上如Singi^ ( j.
Chromatography 444 : 251 - 261,1988 )所_婆者•此細菌丸在 液態氮中磨成檢並且在含10nM丙辆酸鹽Na2 - EDTA ’ ΪΧΧιΜ 腺嗓吟二核苷駿CFAD),imM潮胺酸,1 nM白 胺酸,10 % C ν/ν)廿淖及1〇πΜ半貌按酸之]〇〇ϊΜ磷酸钟緣衝 液C ρΗ7·5 :)中均化•此均質液經—尼龍布(曰微米篩眼 • · )過濾並且於25,000 X g離心20分鐘•上層液部分配成對 硫酸按而言是50%飽和度並且在冰上靜置2〇 - 30分鐘•此 沉澱物於25,000 X g難心20分鐘使成丸狀•上層液去棄, 此硫酸按丸立刻使用或用液態氟冷凍並於-2UC貯存S至使 經 濟 部 中 央 橾 準 局 印 $1 (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 在有或無救萆剤存在.下AHAS活性是藉由評估產物,丙酮 游酸醏,於藉酸聪羧成1偶姻Cacetoin)轉化之後測定之 •標準反應混合物,在含MO nM丙酮酸鈉,10 mM氯化鎂 ,1 mM硫按素焦磷酸鹽(TPP)及1〇 FAD 之50 mM磷 酸鉀緩衝液C PH7.0)中含此酵素(及殺草劑〕*此混合物 甲 4(210X297 公沒) —31 — 五、發明說明(30 A 6 B6 經 濟 部 中 央 橾 準 局 印 於37 °C培養1小時*此反庳用洛加硫酸達終濃度0.85%, 使其停止*令此反應產、物於%。C税羧基15分'鐘·形成之G 偶姻藉由用肌醆〔creatine ) C0.17% )及1 -落酚C 1.7 % )培養,藉 Westerfeld 之方法 C J. Biol · Chem. 161:495 -502 ,1糾5 )測定之•於酵素分析期闓進行菹接G偶姻形成之 適當核對· - 野生型芥AHAS C pAC2〇l )對咪唑咻ST:毅草劑Pursuit,及 磺醯脲救草劑Glean教戚,而Trp-574 - Leu取代(pAC224〕 及Trp 574 缺失CPAC225 ) 則對增加濃度之Pursuit救草剞 C圖4〕及Glean救草剞C圖5 )不欹戚•令人鷲訝地是 缺失授予對這些毅草剞不敏戚的程度等於或大於對應取代 之不敏‘戚程度•所以,芥AHAS密碼區之Trp574殘基缺失將 導致酵素對洛加飩夠抑制酵素之野生型的2種無關毅草劑 中任一種不敏或之功飩形成· 上述方法也用於產生門冬醢胺取代昍3位上之絲胺酸, 以及於此位之缺失•含此取代C PAC229 )或缺失CPAC230) 之質叙轉化至大腸桿菌MF2〇〇〇並且在毅草劑Pursujt,及Glean 之存在下,裱上述方法,測定缺失及取代突變種之AHAS活 性•由門冬醯胺取代絲胺酸產生之AHAS對Pursui t之抑制不 敏戚C圖6 ) β如先前所報導者(Sathas丨·van 等,前文) ,但是對Glean之敏戚性,當與野生型酵素比較時,只略微 減饫C約10 % ) C圖7 ) *相反地,由Ser 653缺失所產生 之AHAS,對於由Pursuit及Glean兩者引起之抑制作用,則具 高度抗性C圓6及7 ) · {請先M讀背面之注意事項再瑱寫本页> •装· •打· •線· 甲 4(210X 297t'沒) 一 32 _ A6 B6 OB'Vio 五、發明説明(31) - --· . 生物材料之寄存 :二 下列微生物於1990年12月6日寄存在美S類型培養收集 中心 C American Type Culture Collection, 12301 Parklawn Drive, Rockville, Maryland, 20857),接受登記號碼如下: 微 生 物_ 取得號碼 土壤桿 _ _ 株 LBA4404 68488 隱藏 pAC351 CAgr〇/351 ) 1 〔Trp574 缺失〕 土壤桿 _ 菌株 LBA4404 68489 隱藏質粒PAC324 .- 〔Ser 653 缺失〕 ..............................:……< .............it-.......:................……打.:·.:.(.......................*!. (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再瑱寫本頁> 經濟部中央揉準局印裂 —33 — 甲 4(210X 297 公发)
Claims (1)
- ifjL· 號隼刹f請業ν ,)古決史中請專到範21修正本似年4:月)1_J K, A7 B7 C7 D7 六、申請專利範面 2 a 4. 5. 6. a 娩濟部中央標準局印製 —種編碼功能性AHAS酵素之核酸序列,此酵素之胺基酸 序列不同於野生型胺基酸序列,有至少一個授予此酵素 殺草劑抗性之胺基酸刪除’其中一刪除發生在芥 (ArahiHnDsis)AHAS序列中之胺基酸574或653上*或在 不同物種之同源位置上。 根據申請專利範圍第1項之序列,其中抗性是對一種或 更多種選自包括眯唑啉嗣*磺醢腺及三唑駢嘧啶之殺草 劑具抗性。 一種'^能AHAS酵素,其胺基酸序列不同於野生型胺基酸 序列*有至少一個授予此酵素殺草_抗性之胺基酸刪除·,. · ,其中一刪除發生在芥(Arabidops is) AHAS序列中之胺 基酸57 4或6 53上,或在不同物種之同源位置上。 一種製備可使宿主细胞具殺草劑抗性的載體之方法*其 包括將申請專利範圍第1項之核酸序列,K此序列可表 現之方向,插入適當之載體中。 一種製備具殺草劑抗性的宿主细胞之方法,其包括以申 請專利範圍·第1項之核酸序列,轉形一適當宿主细胞。 一種製備具殺草.劑抗性的宿主细胞之方法,其包括以申 請專利範圍第4項之方法所製得之載體轉形一適當宿主 细胞。 一種製備具殺草劑抗性的植物细胞之方法,其包括以申 _專利範圍第1項之核酸序列轉形二植物细胞。 —琴製備具殺草劑抗也的成熟植物之方法,其包括由以 申請專利範圍第1項之序列轉形一植物细胞養成成热植 物,或由所培植出之植物培養其後代。 (請先閲讀背面之注素事項再填寫本頁) 甲 4(210X297 公尨) 3 7· 8' ο 2 A B c D 六、申請專利範面 9· 一種製備具殺草劑抗性的種子之方法,其包括K根據申 請專利範圍第8項之方法培植一植物,使植物進行有性 生殖,並收集其種子。 10·—種製備具殺草劑抗性的花粉之方法,其包括K根據申 請專利範圍第δ項之方法培植一植物,並收集其花粉。 11· 一種授予一植物细胞殺草劑抗性之方法,其包括提供該 植物细胞編碼功能性AH AS酵素之核酸序列,此酵素之胺 基酸序列不同於野生型胺基酸序列,有至少一個授予此 酵素1草劑抗性之胺基酸刪除,其中一刪除發生·在斧 (A r a h i do p s i s ) A H A S序列中之胺某酚7 4或6 5 3上,或在 不同物種之同源位置上。 12 一種供抗殺草劑植物生長之方法,其包括於抑制量殺草 劑之存在下培養,產生功能性AH AS酵素之植物,胺基酸 序列不同於野生型胺基酸序列,有至少一個授予此酵素 殺草劑抗性之胺基酸刪除,其中一刪除發生在芥 (InaJLLdiLE^LsJ AH AS序列中之胺基酸574或653上,或在 不同物種之.同源位置上。 , la. —種JS目標基因成功轉形的宿主细胞之篩選方法,其包 … 括將連接有根據申請專利範圍第1項之核酸序列之目標 基因,提供給預期宿主细胞*使此细胞在抑制量殺草劑 的存在下生長*及確認存活细胞為含目標基因者。 14. 一種核酸構建體,其包括將申請專利範圍第1項之序列 接至一種編碼雇藝上^用特性之基因。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝· •打· •線_ 經濟邡中央搮準扃印装 甲 4 (210X297公廣)
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US5750866A (en) * | 1994-09-08 | 1998-05-12 | American Cyanamid Company | AHAS promoter useful for expression of introduced genes in plants |
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