TW202334506A - 洗淨液,及基板之洗淨方法 - Google Patents
洗淨液,及基板之洗淨方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202334506A TW202334506A TW111147360A TW111147360A TW202334506A TW 202334506 A TW202334506 A TW 202334506A TW 111147360 A TW111147360 A TW 111147360A TW 111147360 A TW111147360 A TW 111147360A TW 202334506 A TW202334506 A TW 202334506A
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- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GKXDJYKZFZVASJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC GKXDJYKZFZVASJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OORMKVJAUGZYKP-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylphosphanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[P+](CCC)(CCC)CCC OORMKVJAUGZYKP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- FLNRHACWTVIBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl(prop-2-enyl)phosphanium Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(CC=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 FLNRHACWTVIBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SGKOGTXWLOGBID-UHFFFAOYSA-M triphenyl(propyl)phosphanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(CCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 SGKOGTXWLOGBID-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MRQBNUZMZQRIOV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triphenyl(tetradecyl)phosphanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(CCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 MRQBNUZMZQRIOV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940075420 xanthine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
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Abstract
一種洗淨基板用之洗淨液,該基板為含有釕之含第1金屬原子層與含有釕以外之金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在,且前述含第1金屬原子層及前述含第2金屬原子層之至少一者露出於表面之基板。包含選自由下述式(a1)所示之化合物、前述化合物之水合物、及前述化合物之鹽所成群之至少1種之胼化合物(A),與選自由前述胼化合物(A)以外之胺、及第4級氫氧化物所成群之至少1種之鹼性化合物(B)。R
1及R
2表示不包含羰基之有機基或氫原子。
Description
本發明關於洗淨液、及基板之洗淨方法。
本案係基於2021年12月28日在日本提出專利申請之日本特願2021-214865號而主張優先權,並將該內容援用至此。
半導體裝置所使用之配線基板在形成配線層時會有使襯層或阻擋層等鄰接於配線層來設置的情況。作為該等之層之形成材料,次世代配線為了低電阻化、及改善埋入等,從而檢討釕之使用。
配線基板之製造步驟係進行利用化學機械研磨(Chemical Mechanical Polishing:CMP)之平坦化、及形成通孔(via)等。在該等步驟後,為了去除附著於基板之削屑等之雜質而進行基板之洗淨。
例如,專利文獻1記載一種水性組成物作為銅配線基板之CMP後所使用之洗淨用組成物,其包含有機鹼、銅蝕刻劑、有機配位子、及醯肼化合物。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1] 日本專利第6751015號公報
[發明所欲解決之課題]
將銅等之卑金屬使用於配線材料,且將釕等之貴金屬使用之襯層(liner layer)等之配線基板中,含卑金屬物與含貴金屬物係鄰接而存在者。在使用以往之洗淨液來洗淨此種配線基板時,卑金屬與貴金屬之腐蝕電位差會變大,而容易產生電流腐蝕(galvanic corrosion)。因此,要求能減低卑金屬與貴金屬之腐蝕電位差的洗淨液。
本發明係有鑑於上述情況所完成者,其課題在於提供一種在含卑金屬物與含貴金屬物鄰接而存在之基板中能減低金屬間之腐蝕電位差之洗淨液、及使用前述洗淨液之基板之洗淨方法。
[用以解決課題之手段]
為了解決上述課題,本發明採用以下之構成。
本發明之第1態樣為一種洗淨液,其係洗淨基板用之洗淨液,該基板為含有釕之含第1金屬原子層與含有釕以外之金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在,且前述含第1金屬原子層及前述含第2金屬原子層之至少一者係露出於表面之基板,該洗淨液包含:選自由下述一般式(a1)所示之化合物、前述化合物之水合物、及前述化合物之鹽所成群之至少1種之胼化合物(A),與選自由前述胼化合物(A)以外之胺、及第4級氫氧化物所成群之至少1種之鹼性化合物(B)。
[式中,R
1及R
2係各自獨立表示不包含羰基之有機基或氫原子。]
本發明之第2態樣為一種洗淨液,其係洗淨基板用之之洗淨液,該基板為含有貴金屬原子之含第1金屬原子層與含有卑金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在,且前述含第1金屬原子層及前述含第2金屬原子層之至少一者露出於表面之基板,該洗淨液包含:選自由下述一般式(a1)所示之化合物、前述化合物之水合物、及前述化合物之鹽所成群之至少1種之胼化合物(A),與選自由前述胼化合物(A)以外之胺、及第4級氫氧化物所成群之至少1種之鹼性化合物(B)。
[式中,R
1及R
2係各自獨立表示不包含羰基之有機基或氫原子。]
本發明之第3態樣為一種基板之洗淨方法,其包含使用如前述第1或第2態樣之洗淨液來洗淨基板的步驟,其中該基板為含有釕之含第1金屬原子層與含有釕以外之金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在,且前述含第1金屬原子層及前述含第2金屬原子層之至少一者係露出於表面之基板。
本發明之第4態樣為一種基板之洗淨方法,其包含使用如前述第1或第2態樣之洗淨液來洗淨基板的步驟,其中該基板為含有貴金屬原子之含第1金屬原子層與含有卑金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在,且前述含第1金屬原子層及前述含第2金屬原子層之至少一者露出於表面之基板。
[發明效果]
根據本發明,提供一種在含卑金屬物與含貴金屬物鄰接而存在之基板中能減低金屬間之腐蝕電位差之洗淨液、及使用前述洗淨液之基板之洗淨方法。
(第1態樣:洗淨液)
本發明之第1態樣之洗淨液包含:選自由下述一般式(a1)所示之化合物、前述化合物之水合物、及前述化合物之鹽所成群之至少1種之胼化合物(A),與選自由前述胼化合物(A)以外之胺、及第4級氫氧化物所成群之至少1種之鹼性化合物(B)。
本態樣之洗淨液係使用於用來洗淨基板,該基板為含有釕之含第1金屬原子層與含有釕以外之金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在,且前述含第1金屬原子層及前述含第2金屬原子層之至少一者係露出於表面之基板。
[式中,R
1及R
2係各自獨立表示不包含羰基之有機基或氫原子。]
<胼化合物(A)>
本實施形態之洗淨液含有選自由前述一般式(a1)所示之化合物(以下,亦稱為「化合物(A1)」)、前述化合物之水合物、及前述化合物之鹽所成群之至少1種之胼化合物(A)(以下,亦稱為「(A)成分」)。(A)成分具有在分別後述之釕等之貴金屬與釕以外之金屬(例如,銅等之卑金屬)鄰接而存在之基板之洗淨步驟中減低兩金屬之腐蝕電位差之作用。
前述式(a1)中,R
1及R
2係各自獨立表示不包含羰基之有機基或氫原子。R
1及R
2中之有機基由於不包含羰基,故化合物(A)不會成為醯肼。
作為R
1及R
2中之有機基,可舉出如可具有取代基之烴基。前述烴基可為脂肪族烴基,也可為芳香族烴基。
R
1及R
2中之脂肪族烴基可為飽和脂肪族烴基,也可為不飽和脂肪族烴基。前述脂肪族烴基可為直鏈狀,也可為支鏈狀,亦可包含環構造。
作為直鏈狀之脂肪族烴基,可舉出如碳原子數1~10之直鏈狀之烷基,以碳原子數1~8為佳,以碳原子數1~6為較佳,以碳原子數1~4或碳原子數1~3為更佳,以碳原子數1或2為特佳。作為具體例,可舉出如甲基、乙基、n-丙基、n-丁基、n-戊基等。
作為支鏈狀之脂肪族烴基,可舉出如碳原子數3~10之支鏈狀之烷基,以碳原子數3~8為佳,以碳原子數3~6為較佳,碳原子數3或4為更佳。作為具體例,可舉出如異丙基、異丁基、tert-丁基、異戊基、新戊基、1,1-二乙基丙基、2,2-二甲基丁基等。
包含環構造之脂肪族烴基為包含脂環式基之脂肪族烴基。前述脂環式基可為單環式基,也可為多環式基。
作為單環式基之脂肪族烴基,可舉出如從單環烷去除1個氫原子之基。作為前述單環烷,以碳原子數3~6為佳。作為單環烷之具體例,可舉出如環丙烷、環戊烷、環己烷等。
作為多環式基之脂肪族烴基,可舉出如從多環烷去除1個氫原子之基。作為前述多環烷,以碳原子數7~12為佳。作為多環烷之具體例,可舉出如金剛烷、降莰烷、異莰烷、三環癸烷、四環十二烷等。
R
1及R
2中之芳香族烴基為具有至少1個芳香環之烴基。前述芳香環只要係具有4n+2個π電子之環狀共軛系統即無特別限定,可為單環式,也可為多環式。芳香環之碳原子數係以5~30為佳,以碳原子數5~20為較佳,以碳原子數6~15為更佳,以碳原子數6~12為特佳。
作為芳香環,具體地可舉出如苯、萘、蒽、菲等之芳香族烴環;構成前述芳香族烴環之碳原子之一部分經雜原子取代之芳香族雜環等。作為芳香族雜環中之雜原子,可舉出如氧原子、硫原子、氮原子等。作為芳香族雜環,具體地可舉出如吡啶環、噻吩環等。
作為芳香族烴基之具體例,可舉出如,從前述芳香族烴環或芳香族雜環去除1個氫原子之基(芳基或雜芳基);從包含2個以上芳香環之芳香族化合物(例如聯苯、茀等)去除1個氫原子之基;前述芳香族烴環或芳香族雜環之1個氫原子經伸烷基取代之基(例如,苄基、苯乙基、1-萘基甲基、2-萘基甲基、1-萘基乙基、2-萘基乙基等之芳基烷基等)等。前述芳香族烴環或芳香族雜環上鍵結之伸烷基係以碳原子數1~4為佳,以碳原子數1~3為較佳,以碳原子數1為特佳。
R
1及R
2中之烴基亦可具有取代基。作為前述取代基,並無特別限定,可舉出例如,羥基、烷基、或乙烯基。但,前述取代基不包含羰基。
R
1及R
2係以可具有取代基之脂肪族烴基、或氫原子為佳,以可具有取代基之直鏈狀或支鏈狀之烷基、或氫原子為較佳,以直鏈狀或支鏈狀之羥基烷基、直鏈狀或支鏈狀之羥基烷基、或氫原子為更佳。前述直鏈狀之羥基烷基或直鏈狀之烷基係以碳原子數1~6為佳,以碳原子數1~3為較佳,以碳原子數1或2為更佳。前述支鏈狀之羥基烷基或直鏈狀之烷基係以碳原子數3~6為佳,以碳原子數3為較佳。
作為化合物(A1)之具體例,可舉出例如,胼、2-肼基乙醇(2-hydrazinoethanol)、t-丁基胼、1,1-二乙基胼、1,2-二乙基胼、甲基胼、乙基胼、1,1-二甲基胼、1,2-二甲基胼、1,2-二異丙基胼、環己基胼、烯丙基胼、異丙基胼、甲苯基胼等,但並不受限於該等。
(A)成分也可為化合物(A1)之水合物。化合物(A1)之水合物中之水合水分子之數量並無特別限定。作為化合物(A1)之水合物,可舉出如一水合物、二水合物、三水合物等。作為化合物(A1)之水合物之具體例,可舉出如胼一水合物。
(A)成分也可為化合物(A1)之鹽。化合物(A1)之鹽可為與無機物之鹽,也可為與有機物之鹽。作為鹽,可舉出例如,鹽酸鹽、硫酸鹽、碳酸鹽等,但並不受限於該等。作為化合物(A1)之鹽之具體例,可舉出如t-丁基胼鹽酸鹽、硫酸胼、碳酸胼、甲苯基胼鹽酸鹽等。
(A)成分係可單獨使用1種,亦可併用2種以上。
本實施形態之洗淨液中之(A)成分之含量並無特別限定,相對於洗淨液之總質量,可舉出如1.0質量%(10000 ppm)以下,以0.3質量%(3000ppm)以下為佳,以0.1質量% (1000ppm)以下為較佳,以0.05質量%(500ppm)以下為更佳,以0.02質量%(200ppm)以下為特佳。(A)成分中由於也包含有害物質,故只要能展現(A)成分之效果,則以低濃度來使用為佳。本實施形態之洗淨液中之(A)成分之含量為例如,0.01質量%(100ppm)以下,或也可為0.009質量% (90ppm)以下。
(A)成分之含量之下限值並無特別限定,相對於洗淨液之總質量,可舉出如0.0001質量%(1ppm)以上,以0.0005質量%(5ppm)以上為佳,以0.001質量%(10ppm)以上為較佳,以0.002質量%(20ppm)以上為更佳,以0.003質量%(30ppm)以上為特佳。(A)成分之含量在前述為佳之下限值以上時,在使用本實施形態之洗淨液來洗淨基板之際,變得容易減低釕等之貴金屬與其他金屬(後述之卑金屬或非釕金屬)之腐蝕電位差。
作為本實施形態之洗淨液中之(A)成分之含量之範圍,相對於洗淨液之總質量,可舉出如0.0001質量% (1ppm)~1.0質量%(10000ppm),以0.0001質量%(1ppm)~0.3質量%(3000ppm)或0.0005質量%(5ppm)~0.1質量%(1000 ppm)為佳,以0.002質量%(20ppm)~0.05質量%(500ppm)為更佳,以0.002質量%(30ppm)~0.02質量%(200ppm)、或0.002質量%(30ppm)~0.009質量%(90ppm)為特佳。
<鹼性化合物(B)>
本實施形態之洗淨液含有選自由前述胼化合物(A)以外之胺、及第4級氫氧化物所成群之至少1種之鹼性化合物(B)(以下,亦稱為「(B)成分」)。藉由(B)成分,可提高洗淨液之pH,且提升洗淨性。
≪第4級氫氧化物:(B1)成分≫
(B)成分也可為第4級氫氧化物(以下,亦稱為「(B1)成分」)。作為(B1)成分,可舉出如下述一般式(b1)所示之化合物。
[式中,Rb
1~Rb
4係各自獨立表示可具有取代基之烴基;Z表示氮原子或磷原子。]
前述式(b1)中,Rb
1~Rb
4係各自獨立表示可具有取代基之烴基。
Rb
1~Rb
4中之可具有取代基之烴基為可具有取代基之脂肪族烴基,也可為可具有取代基之芳香族烴基。作為前述脂肪族烴基,可舉出如,與前述式(a1)中之R
1及R
2所舉出者為相同者。作為前述芳香族烴基,可舉出如,與前述式(a1)中之R
1及R
2所舉出者為相同者。
Rb
1~Rb
4中之烴基亦可具有取代基。作為前述取代基,並無特別限定,可舉出例如羥基。
Rb
1~Rb
4係以可具有取代基之脂肪族烴基為佳,以可具有取代基之直鏈狀或支鏈狀之烷基為較佳,以直鏈狀或支鏈狀之羥基烷基、直鏈狀或支鏈狀之羥基烷基、或氫原子為更佳。前述直鏈狀之羥基烷基或直鏈狀之烷基係以碳原子數1~6為佳,以碳原子數1~3為較佳,以碳原子數1或2為更佳。前述支鏈狀之羥基烷基或直鏈狀之烷基係以碳原子數3~6為佳,以碳原子數3為較佳。
前述式(b1)中,Z表示氮原子或磷原子。
(B1)成分為第4級胺之氫氧化物時,作為具體例,可舉出如,氫氧化四乙基銨(TEAH)、氫氧化四甲基銨(TMAH)、氫氧化四丙基銨(TPAH)、氫氧化四丁基銨(TBAH)、氫氧化四丙基銨(TPAH)、氫氧化二甲基雙(2-羥基乙基)銨(DMEMAH)、氫氧化參(2-羥基乙基)甲基銨(THEMAH)、膽鹼、氫氧化二甲基二乙基銨、氫氧化四乙醇銨羥基、氫氧化苄基三甲基銨、氫氧化苄基三乙基銨、氫氧化苄基三丁基銨等。
(B1)成分為第4級鏻之氫氧化物時,作為具體例,可舉出如,氫氧化四丁基鏻、氫氧化四丙基鏻、氫氧化四乙基鏻、氫氧化四甲基鏻、氫氧化四苯基鏻、氫氧化甲基三苯基鏻、氫氧化乙基三苯基鏻、氫氧化丙基三苯基鏻、氫氧化丁基三苯基鏻、氫氧化苄基三苯基鏻、氫氧化烯丙基三苯基鏻、氫氧化十二基三苯基鏻、氫氧化十四基三苯基鏻、氫氧化十六基三苯基鏻、氫氧化十六基三丁基鏻等。
作為(B1)成分,以TEAH、TMAH、DMEMAH,THEMAH、膽鹼、及氫氧化四丁基鏻為佳。
≪(A)成分以外之胺:(B2)成分≫
(B)成分也可為(A)成分以外之胺(以下,亦稱為「(B2)成分」)。但,從(B2)成分中去除該當於前述(B1)成分者。作為(B2)成分,可舉出如,氨、第1級單胺、第2級單胺、第3級單胺、氫氧化物以外之第4級銨鹽、第2級環狀胺、第3級環狀胺、第4級環狀胺、第1級烷醇胺、第2級烷醇胺、第3級烷醇胺、二胺、聚胺等。作為(B2)成分之胺,只要係顯示鹼性者,即無特別限定,以水溶性胺為佳。(B2)成分係以在水溶液中顯示鹼性者為佳。(B2)成分在從水溶性等之觀點,以脂肪族胺為佳。
作為第1級單胺,可舉出如,甲基胺、乙基胺、丙基胺、n-丁基胺、異丙基胺、tert-丁基胺等之烷基胺;環戊基胺、環己基胺、環己烷甲基胺等之環烷基胺;甲氧基乙基胺、甲氧基丙基胺、甲氧基丁基胺、乙氧基丙基胺、丙氧基丙基胺等之烷氧基胺等,但並不受限於該等。
作為第2級單胺,可舉出如,二甲基胺、二乙基胺、甲基乙基胺、二丙基胺、二異丙基胺、二丁基胺、二異丁基胺、丁基甲基胺等之烷基胺;N,N-二環己基胺、N-環戊基環己烷胺等之環烷基胺;甲氧基(甲基胺)、N-(2-甲氧基乙基)乙基胺等之烷氧基胺等,但並不受限於該等。
作為第3級單胺,可舉出如,三甲基胺、三乙基胺、三丙基胺、三丁基胺、三異丁基胺、二甲基乙基胺、二甲基丙基胺、烯丙基二乙基胺、二甲基-n-丁基胺、二乙基異丙基胺等之烷基胺;三環戊基胺、三環己基胺等之環烷基胺等,但並不受限於該等。
作為第4級銨鹽,可舉出如,第4級銨之氟化物、氯化物、溴化物、碘化物、硫酸鹽、硫酸氫鹽、乙酸鹽等。作為第4級銨陽離子,可舉出如與前述式(b1)之陽離子部為相同者。作為第4級銨鹽之具體例,可舉出如,氯化四乙基銨、氯化四甲基銨、氯化四丙基銨、氯化四丁基銨、氯化四丙基銨、溴化四乙基銨、溴化四甲基銨、溴化四丙基銨、溴化四丁基銨、溴化四丙基銨、氟化四乙基銨、氟化四甲基銨、氟化四丙基銨、氟化四丁基銨、氟化四丙基銨、碘化四乙基銨、碘化四甲基銨、碘化四丙基銨、碘化四丁基銨、碘化四丙基銨、四乙基銨硫酸氫鹽、四甲基銨硫酸氫鹽、四丙基銨硫酸氫鹽、四丁基銨硫酸氫鹽等,但並不受限於該等。
作為第2級環狀胺,可舉出如,哌啶類(具有哌啶骨架之化合物)、吡咯啶類(具有吡咯啶骨架之化合物)、嗎啉類(具有嗎啉骨架之化合物)等。作為第2級環狀胺之哌啶類,可舉出如,哌啶、2-甲哌啶(2-pipecoline)、3-甲哌啶、4-甲哌啶、2,6-二甲基哌啶、3,5-二甲基哌啶等。作為吡咯啶類,可舉出如,吡咯啶、2-甲基吡咯啶、3-甲基吡咯啶等。作為嗎啉類,可舉出如,嗎啉、2-甲基嗎啉、3-甲基嗎啉等。
作為第3級環狀胺,可舉出如,哌啶類、吡咯啶類、嗎啉類等。作為哌啶類,可舉出如N-甲基哌啶等。作為吡咯啶類,可舉出如N-甲基吡咯啶等。作為嗎啉類,可舉出如N-甲基嗎啉等。
作為第4級環狀胺,可舉出如,哌啶類、吡咯啶類、嗎啉類等之氟化物、氯化物、溴化物、碘化物、硫酸鹽、硫酸氫鹽、乙酸鹽等。
作為第1級烷醇胺,可舉出如,甲醇胺、2-胺基乙醇、1-胺基-2-丙醇、2-胺基-1-丙醇、4-胺基-1-丁醇胺、2-胺基-2-甲基-1-丙醇、2-(2-胺基乙氧基)乙醇等,但並不受限於該等。
作為第2級烷醇,可舉出如,N-甲基乙醇胺、N-乙基乙醇胺、N-甲基丙醇胺、二乙醇胺、二異丙醇胺、2-[(羥基甲基)胺基]乙醇、4-甲基胺基丁醇、3-哌啶甲醇、4-哌啶甲醇、2-哌啶乙醇、4-哌啶乙醇等,但並不受限於該等。
作為第3級烷醇,可舉出如,N,N-二甲基乙醇胺、N,N-二甲基丙醇胺、N,N-二乙基乙醇胺、N-乙基二乙醇胺、N-甲基二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、三異丙醇胺等,但並不受限於該等。
二胺可為第1級二胺、第2級二胺、及第3級二胺之任一者。作為第1級二胺,可舉出例如,乙二胺、丁烷1,4-二胺、1,3-丙二胺、1,6-己二胺、戊烷-1,5-二胺等,但並不受限於該等。作為第2級二胺,可舉出如,2-甲基哌嗪、2,3-二甲基哌嗪、2,5-二甲基哌嗪、N,N’-二甲基乙二胺、N,N’-二甲基丙二胺、N,N’-二乙基乙二胺、N,N’-二乙基丙二胺、N,N’-二異丙基乙二胺等,但並不受限於該等。作為第3級二胺,可舉出如,4-二甲基胺基吡啶、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基乙二胺、N,N,N’,N’-四乙基乙二胺、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-1,3-二胺基丙烷、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-1,3-二胺基丁烷、N’,N’-四甲基-1,4-二胺基丁烷、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基伸苯基二胺、1,2-二哌啶基乙烷等,但並不受限於該等。
聚胺為包含3個以上胺基之化合物。聚胺亦可包含第1級胺基、第2級胺基、及第3級胺基之任意者。作為聚胺,可舉出如,精胺、亞精胺、3,3’-亞胺基雙(丙基胺)、N,N-雙(3-胺基丙基)甲基胺、N,N-雙(3-胺基丙基)丁基胺、N-(3-胺基丙基)-N-十二基丙烷-1,3-二胺、N,N,N’,N”,N”-五甲基二伸乙三胺、N,N,N’,N”,N”-五甲基二伸丙三胺、參[2-(二甲基胺基)乙基]胺、2-胺基甲基嘧啶、1,4-雙(3-胺基丙基)哌嗪、1-胺基-4-環戊基哌嗪、1-(2-吡啶基)哌嗪等。
(B2)成分可為第3級胺、第2級胺、及第1級胺之任意者,以第3級胺或第2級胺為佳,以第3級胺為較佳。(B2)成分係以單胺為佳,以第3級單胺或第3級烷醇胺為較佳,以第3級脂肪族單胺或第3級烷醇胺為更佳,在調整氧化膜之除去量之面上以第3級脂肪族單胺為特佳,在除去後之清淨性為良好之面上以第3級烷醇胺為特佳。
(B)成分係以(B1)成分、或第3級胺為佳,以(B1)成分、第3級單胺、或第3級烷醇胺為較佳,以(B1)成分、第3級脂肪族單胺、或第3級烷醇胺為更佳,以(B1)成分為特佳。
(B)成分係可單獨使用1種,亦可併用2種以上。
本實施形態之洗淨液中之(B)成分之含量並無特別限定,相對於洗淨液之總質量,以10質量%以下為佳,以8質量%以下為較佳,以5質量%以下為更佳,以4質量%、3質量%以下、或2質量%以下為特佳。(B)成分之含量之下限值並無特別限定,相對於洗淨液之總質量,可舉出如0.001質量%以上,以0.005質量%以上為佳,以0.01質量%以上為較佳,以0.02質量%以上為更佳,以0.03質量%以上、或0.05質量%以上為特佳。(B)成分之含量在前述為佳之下限值以上時,容易將洗淨液之pH維持在高值。(B)成分之含量在前述為佳之上限值以下時,變得容易取得與其他成分之平衡。
作為本實施形態之洗淨液中之(B)成分之含量之範圍,相對於洗淨液之總質量,可舉出如0.001質量%~10質量%,以0.002質量%~5質量%為佳,以0.01質量%~3質量%為更佳,以0.02質量%~2質量%、或0.03質量%~1.5質量%為特佳。
本實施形態之洗淨液若含有(B2)成分,則亦可不含有(B1)成分。本實施形態之洗淨液若含有1種(B1)成分,則亦可不含有其他(B1)成分。本實施形態之洗淨液亦可不含有例如,作為第4級氫氧化物之具體例所例示之前述化合物之1種以上。
本實施形態之洗淨液若含有(B1)成分,則亦可不含有(B2)成分。本實施形態之洗淨液若含有1種(B2)成分,則亦可不含有其他(B2)成分。本實施形態之洗淨液亦可不含有例如,選自由第1級單胺、第2級單胺、第3級單胺、第4級銨鹽、第2級環狀胺、第3級環狀胺、第4級環狀胺、第1級烷醇胺、第2級烷醇胺、第3級烷醇胺、二胺、及聚胺所成群之1種以上者。本實施形態之洗淨液亦可不含有例如,作為該等胺之具體例所例示之前述化合物之1種以上。本實施形態之洗淨液亦可不含有例如,選自由第1級芳香族單胺、第2級芳香族單胺、第3級芳香族單胺、第4級芳香族銨鹽、第1級胺基酚、第2級胺基酚、第3級胺基酚、芳香族二胺、及芳香族聚胺所成群之1種以上。
<任意成分>
本實施形態之洗淨液除了包含上述(A)成分及(B)成分,亦可包含任意成分。作為任意成分,可舉出如,羥基羧酸、水、水溶性有機溶劑、界面活性劑、防蝕劑等。
≪羥基羧酸(C)≫
本實施形態之洗淨液亦可含有羥基羧酸(C)(以下,亦稱為「(C)成分」)。藉由(C)成分而洗淨液之洗淨性提升。
羥基羧酸為包含羥基與羧基之化合物。本說明書中,羥基羧酸係意指由羥基、羧基、及烴基所構成之化合物。羥基羧酸不具有羥基、及羧基以外之官能基,且不包含氫原子、氧原子、及碳原子以外之原子。羥基羧酸可為脂肪族羥基羧酸,也可為芳香族羥基羧酸,以脂肪族羥基羧酸為佳。
作為脂肪族羥基羧酸,可舉出如,葡萄糖酸、檸檬酸、乳酸、乙醇酸、蘋果酸、酒石酸、葡萄糖醛酸、葡萄糖二酸、乳糖酸、N-乙醯基神經胺酸、N-羥乙醯基神經胺酸、去胺神經胺酸(deamino neuraminic acid)等。
羥基羧酸係以脂肪族羥基羧酸為佳,以葡萄糖酸、酒石酸、蘋果酸、及檸檬酸為較佳,以檸檬酸、及葡萄糖酸為更佳。
(C)成分係可單獨使用1種,亦可併用2種以上。
本實施形態之洗淨液在含有(C)成分之情況,(C)成分之含量並無特別限定,相對於洗淨液之總質量,以10質量%以下為佳,以8質量%以下為較佳,以5質量%以下為更佳,以3質量%以下、2質量%以下、1質量%以下、0.8質量%以下、0.6質量%以下、或0.5質量%以下為特佳。(C)成分之含量之下限值並無特別限定,相對於洗淨液之總質量,可舉出如0.001質量%以上,以0.005質量%以上為佳,以0.01質量%以上為較佳,以0.02質量%以上為更佳,以0.03質量%以上、或0.1質量%以上為特佳。(C)成分之含量在前述為佳之下限值以上時,洗淨性更加提升。(C)成分之含量在前述為佳之上限值以下時,變得容易取得與其他成分之平衡。
作為本實施形態之洗淨液中之(C)成分之含量之範圍,相對於洗淨液之總質量,可舉出如0.001質量%~10質量%,以0.005質量%~5質量%為佳,以0.01質量%~1質量%為更佳,以0.02質量%~0.8質量%、或0.03質量%~0.5質量%為特佳。
本實施形態之洗淨液亦可不含有羥基羧酸,亦可不含有作為羥基羧酸之具體例所例示之前述化合物之1種以上。
≪水≫
本實施形態之洗淨液係以含有水作為溶劑為佳。水亦可包含不可避免所混入之微量成分。本實施形態之洗淨液所使用之水係以蒸餾水、離子交換水、及超純水等之已施加淨化處理之水為佳,以使用製造半導體所一般性使用之超純水為較佳。
本實施形態之洗淨液中之水之含量並無特別限定,以80質量%以上為佳,以90質量%以上為較佳,以95質量%以上為更佳,以97質量%以上為特佳。本實施形態之洗淨液中之水之含量之上限值並無特別限定,以未滿99.95質量%為佳,以99.9質量%以下為較佳,以99.7質量%以下為較佳,以99.4質量%以下為較佳。
≪防蝕劑:(D)≫
本實施形態之洗淨液亦可含有防蝕劑。
作為防蝕劑,可舉出例如,包含三唑環、咪唑環、吡啶環、啡啉環、四唑環、吡唑環、嘧啶環、嘌呤環等之含氮雜環之化合物。
作為包含三唑環之化合物,可舉出例如,1,2,3-三唑、1,2,4-三唑、3-胺基-1H-1,2,4-三唑、1-乙醯基-1H-1,2,3-三唑並[4,5-b]吡啶、1H-1,2,3-三唑並[4,5-b]吡啶、1,2,4-三唑並[4,3-a]吡啶-3(2H)-酮、3H-1,2,3-三唑並[4,5-b]吡啶-3-醇等之三唑類;1,2,3-苯並三唑、5-甲基-1H-苯並三唑、1-羥基苯並三唑、1-二羥基丙基苯並三唑、2,3-二羧基丙基苯並三唑、4-羥基苯並三唑、4-羧基-1H-苯並三唑、4-羧基-1H-苯並三唑甲基酯、4-羧基-1H-苯並三唑丁基酯、4-羧基-1H-苯並三唑辛基酯、5-己基苯並三唑、[1,2,3-苯並三唑基-1-甲基][1,2,4-三唑基-1-甲基][2-乙基己基]胺、甲苯基三唑、萘並三唑、雙[(1-苯並三唑基)甲基]膦酸、3-胺基三唑等之苯並三唑類等。
作為包含咪唑環之化合物,可舉出例如,2-甲基咪唑、2-乙基咪唑、2-異丙基咪唑、2-丙基咪唑、2-丁基咪唑、4-甲基咪唑、2、4-二甲基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、2-十一基咪唑、2-胺基咪唑、苯並咪唑等之咪唑類;2,2’-聯咪唑等之聯咪唑類等。其中亦以聯咪唑類為佳,以2,2’-聯咪唑為較佳。
作為包含吡啶環之化合物,可舉出例如,1H-1,2,3-三唑並[4,5-b]吡啶、1-乙醯基-1H-1,2,3-三唑並[4,5-b]吡啶、3-胺基吡啶、4-胺基吡啶、3-羥基吡啶、4-羥基吡啶、2-乙醯胺吡啶、4-吡咯啶並吡啶、2-氰基吡啶、2,6-吡啶羧酸、2,4,6-三甲基吡啶等之吡啶類;2,2’-聯吡啶基、4,4’-二甲基-2,2’-聯吡啶基、4,4’-二-tert-丁基-2,2’-聯吡啶基、4,4-二壬基-2,2-聯吡啶基、2,2”-聯吡啶-6,6’-二羧酸、4,4’-二甲氧基-2,2’-聯吡啶基等之聯吡啶基類等。其中亦以聯吡啶基類為佳,以2,2’-聯吡啶基、4,4’-二甲基-2,2’-聯吡啶基、4,4’-二-tert-丁基-2,2’-聯吡啶基、4,4-二壬基-2,2-聯吡啶基、2,2”-聯吡啶-6,6’-二羧酸、4,4’-二甲氧基-2,2’-聯吡啶基為較佳。
作為包含啡啉環之化合物,可舉出例如,1,10-啡啉等。
作為包含四唑環之化合物,可舉出例如,1H-四唑、5-胺基-1H-四唑、5-甲基-1H-四唑、5-苯基-1H-四唑、1-(2-二胺基乙基)-5-巰基四唑等。
作為包含吡唑環之化合物,可舉出例如,3,5-二甲基吡唑、3-胺基-5-甲基吡唑、4-甲基吡唑、3-胺基-5-羥基吡唑等。
作為包含嘧啶環之化合物,可舉出例如,嘧啶、4-甲基嘧啶、1,2,4-三唑並[1,5-a]嘧啶、1,3,4,6,7,8-六氫-2H-嘧啶並[1,2-a]嘧啶、1,3-二苯基-嘧啶-2,4,6-三酮、1,4,5,6-四氫嘧啶、2,4,5,6-四胺基嘧啶硫酸酯、2,4,5-三羥基嘧啶、2,4,6-三胺基嘧啶、2,4,6-三氯嘧啶、2,4,6-三甲氧基嘧啶、2,4,6-三苯基嘧啶、2,4-二胺基-6-羥基嘧啶、2,4-二胺基嘧啶、2-乙醯胺嘧啶、2-胺基嘧啶、2-甲基-5,7-二苯基-(1,2,4)三唑並(1,5-a)嘧啶、2-甲基磺醯基-5,7-二苯基-(1,2,4)三唑並(1,5-a)嘧啶、2-甲基磺醯基-5,7-二苯基-4,7-二氫-(1,2,4)三唑並(1,5-a)嘧啶、4-胺基吡唑並[3,4-d]嘧啶等。
作為包含嘌呤環之化合物,可舉出如,腺嘌呤、鳥嘌呤、次黃嘌呤、黃嘌呤、尿酸、茶鹼等。
防蝕劑係可單獨使用1種,亦可併用2種以上。
本實施形態之洗淨液在含有防蝕劑之情況,防蝕劑之含量並無特別限定,相對於洗淨液之總質量,以0.0001~ 0.2質量%(1~2000ppm)為佳,以0.0003~0.1質量%(3~1000 ppm)為較佳,以0.0005~0.05質量%(5~500ppm)為更佳,以0.001~0.03質量%(10~300ppm)為特佳。
本實施形態之洗淨液亦可不含有:選自由包含三唑環之化合物、包含咪唑環之化合物、包含吡啶環之化合物、包含啡啉環之化合物、包含四唑環之化合物、包含吡唑環之化合物、包含嘧啶環之化合物、及包含嘌呤環之化合物所成群之1種以上,作為防蝕劑之具體例所例示之前述化合物之1種以上。本實施形態之洗淨液亦可不含有防蝕劑。
≪緩衝劑:(E)≫
本實施形態之洗淨液亦可含有緩衝劑。緩衝劑為具有抑制溶液之pH變化之作用的化合物。
緩衝劑只要係具有pH緩衝能力之化合物,即無特別限定。緩衝劑係可使用例如,pKa為6~11之化合物。
作為緩衝劑,可舉出例如,古德緩衝劑(Good’s buffers)。作為古德緩衝劑,可舉出如,2-環己基胺基乙烷磺酸(CHES)、3-環己基胺基丙烷磺酸(CAPS)、N-參(羥基甲基)甲基-3-胺基丙烷磺酸(TAPS)、4-(環己基胺基)-1-丁烷磺酸(CABS)、三(羥甲基)甲基甘胺酸(Tricine)、二羥乙甘胺酸(Bicine)、2-嗎啉基乙烷磺酸一水合物(MES)、雙(2-羥基乙基)胺基參(羥基甲基)甲烷(Bis-Tris)、N-(2-乙醯胺)亞胺基二乙酸(ADA)、哌嗪-1,4-雙(2-乙烷磺酸)(PIPES)、N-(2-乙醯胺)-2-胺基乙烷磺酸(ACES)、2-羥基-3-嗎啉基丙烷磺酸(MOPSO)、N,N-雙(2-羥基乙基)-2-胺基乙烷磺酸(BES)、3-嗎啉基丙烷磺酸(MOPS)、N-參(羥基甲基)甲基-2-胺基乙烷磺酸(TES)、2-[4-(2-羥基乙基)-1-哌嗪基]乙烷磺酸(HEPES)、3-[N-參(羥基甲基)甲基胺基]-2-羥基丙烷磺酸(TAPSO)、哌嗪-1,4-雙(2-羥基丙烷磺酸)(POPSO)、4-(2-羥基乙基)哌嗪-1-(2-羥基丙烷-3-磺酸)(HEPSO)、4-(2-羥基乙基)-1-哌嗪丙烷磺酸(EPPS)等。
緩衝劑係可單獨使用1種,亦可併用2種以上。
本實施形態之洗淨液在含有緩衝劑之情況,緩衝劑之含量並無特別限定,相對於洗淨液之總質量,可舉出如0.001質量%~10質量%,以0.005質量%~5質量%為佳,以0.01質量%~1質量%為更佳,以0.05質量%~0.5質量%、或0.05質量%~0.3質量%為特佳。
本實施形態之洗淨液亦可不含有緩衝劑,且亦可不含有作為緩衝劑之具體例所例示之前述化合物之1種以上。
≪有機溶劑≫
本實施形態之洗淨液在不損及本發明之效果範圍,亦可含有有機溶劑。有機溶劑係以水溶性有機溶劑為佳。作為水溶性有機溶劑,可舉出醇類(例如,異丙醇、乙醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、二乙二醇、二丙二醇、糖醇、及2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇等)、二甲亞碸、醚類(例如,乙二醇二甲基醚、二乙二醇二甲基醚、三乙二醇二甲基醚、四乙二醇二甲基醚、丙二醇二甲基醚)等。
水溶性有機溶劑係可單獨使用1種,亦可併用2種以上。
本實施形態之洗淨液在含有水溶性有機溶劑之情況,相對於水之量與水溶性有機溶劑之量之合計,水溶性有機溶劑之含量係以50質量%以下為佳,以30質量%以下為較佳,以20質量%以下為更佳。
本實施形態之洗淨液亦可不含有有機溶劑或水溶性有機溶劑,且亦可不含有作為水溶性有機溶劑之具體例所例示之前述化合物之1種以上。
≪界面活性劑≫
本實施形態之洗淨液以調整洗淨液對基板之濕潤性為目的等,亦可含有界面活性劑。作為界面活性劑,可舉出如,非離子界面活性劑、陰離子界面活性劑、陽離子界面活性劑、兩性界面活性劑。
作為非離子界面活性劑,可舉出例如,聚環氧烷烷基苯基醚(polyalkylene oxide alkyl phenyl ether)系界面活性劑、聚環氧烷烷基醚系界面活性劑、由聚環氧乙烷與聚環氧丙烷所構成之嵌段聚合物系界面活性劑、聚氧伸烷基二苯乙烯化苯基醚系界面活性劑、聚伸烷基三苄基苯基醚系界面活性劑、乙炔聚環氧烷系界面活性劑等。
作為陰離子界面活性劑,可舉出例如,烷基磺酸、烷基苯磺酸、烷基萘磺酸、烷基二苯基醚磺酸、脂肪酸醯胺磺酸、聚氧乙烯烷基醚羧酸、聚氧乙烯烷基醚乙酸、聚氧乙烯烷基醚丙酸、烷基膦酸、脂肪酸之鹽等。作為「鹽」,可舉出如,銨鹽、鈉鹽、鉀鹽、四甲基銨鹽等。
作為陽離子界面活性劑,可舉出例如,烷基吡啶鎓陽離子系界面活性劑等。第4級銨鹽系界面活性劑係也可使用作為上述(B2)成分。
作為兩性界面活性劑,可舉出例如,甜菜鹼型界面活性劑、胺基酸型界面活性劑、咪唑啉型界面活性劑、氧化胺型界面活性劑等。
該等界面活性劑係一般能在商業上取得。界面活性劑係可單獨使用1種,亦可併用2種以上。
本實施形態之洗淨液在含有界面活性劑之情況,界面活性劑之含量並無特別限定,例如,相對於洗淨液之總質量,以0.0001~5質量%為佳,以0.001~3質量%為較佳,以0.002~1質量%為更佳,以0.002~0.2質量%為特佳。界面活性劑之含量在前述為佳之範圍時,由發泡劑所產生之氣泡變得容易變得緻密。
本實施形態之洗淨液亦可不含有選自由非離子界面活性劑、陰離子界面活性劑、陽離子界面活性劑、及兩性界面活性劑所成群之1種以上,且亦可不含有作為該等界面活性劑所例示之前述化合物之1種以上。本實施形態之洗淨液亦可不含有界面活性劑。
≪雜質等≫
本實施形態之洗淨液中可包含例如,包含Fe原子、Cr原子、Ni原子、Zn原子、Ca原子、或Pb原子等之金屬原子之金屬雜質。本實施形態之洗淨液中之前述金屬原子之合計含量在相對於洗淨液之總質量而言,以100質量ppt以下為佳。金屬原子之合計含量之下限值係以越低為佳,可舉出例如,0.001質量ppt以上。金屬原子之合計含量係可舉出例如,0.001質量ppt~100質量ppt。藉由將金屬原子之合計含量作成前述為佳之上限值以下,而洗淨液之缺陷抑制性或殘渣抑制性提升。藉由將金屬原子之合計含量作成前述為佳之下限值以上,金屬原子變得不易在系統中遊離存在,從而認為變得不易對洗淨對象物全體之製造收率造成不良影響。
金屬雜質之含量係可藉由例如過濾等之純化處理來調整。過濾等之純化處理係在調製洗淨液之前,可對原料之一部分或全部進行,亦可在調製洗淨液後進行。
本實施形態之洗淨液中可包含例如,源自有機物之雜質(有機雜質)。本實施形態之洗淨液中之前述有機雜質之合計含量係以5000質量ppm以下為佳。有機雜質之含量之下限係以越低為佳,可舉出例如0.1質量ppm以上。作為有機雜質之合計含量,可舉出例如,0.1質量ppm~5000質量ppm。
本實施形態之洗淨液中可包含例如,會被藉由光散射式液中粒子計數器所計數般之尺寸之被計數物。被計數物之尺寸例如為0.04μm以上。本實施形態之洗淨液中之被計數物之數量為例如,洗淨液每1mL為1,000個以下,下限值為例如1個以上。認為洗淨液中之被計數物之數量藉由在前述範圍內,則由洗淨液所成之金屬腐蝕抑制效果會提升。
前述有機雜質及/或被計數物可為被添加於洗淨液中者,也可為在洗淨液之製造步驟中不可避免地混入於洗淨液中者。作為洗淨液之製造步驟中不可避免混入的情況,可舉出例如,有機雜質被包含於製造洗淨液所使用之原料(例如,有機溶劑)中的情況,及,洗淨液之製造步驟中從外部環境混入(例如,汙染)的情況等,但並非限制於上述者。
將被計數物添加於洗淨液之情況,亦可考慮洗淨對象物之表面粗度等以各特定尺寸來調整存在比。
<pH>
本實施形態之洗淨液之pH係以8以上13以下為佳。洗淨液之pH係以pH9以上為佳,以pH10以上為較佳,以pH11以上為更佳。洗淨液之pH係以pH14以下為佳,以pH13.5以下為更佳。作為洗淨液之pH之範圍,以pH8~pH13.5為佳,以pH9~13.0為較佳。
前述pH之值係在常溫(23℃)、常壓(1氣壓)之條件下,藉由pH計所測量之值。
<保存容器>
本實施形態之洗淨液之保存方法並無特別限定,保存容器也可使用以往公知者。為了確保洗淨液之安定性,適宜設定將保存於容器時之容器內之空隙率,及/或空隙部分予以填充之氣體種類即可。例如,作為保管容器內之空隙率,可舉出如0.01~30體積%程度。
本實施形態之洗淨液亦可在使用時將洗淨液稀釋成2~2000倍而取得稀釋液後,使用前述稀釋液來實施洗淨步驟。
一實施形態中,洗淨液亦可不含有選自由醯肼化合物、含環氧乙烷之化合物、含環氧丙烷之化合物、含環氧烷之化合物、氟化合物、糖類、糖醇類、兒茶酚類、無機鹼化合物、醇、丙三醇、丙三醇衍生物、抗壞血酸、碳醯肼(carbohydrazide)、氫醌、氫醌單甲基醚、羥基胺、二乙基羥基胺、二甲基乙二醛二肟、甲基乙基酮肟、亞硫酸銨、羧酸類、聚膦酸類、芳基膦酸類、前述化合物之銨鹽、鹼金屬鹽、飽和脂肪族1價醇、烷氧基醇、乙二醇、乙二醇醚、酮、腈、胺基聚羧酸、羥基羧酸、嘌呤、唑、嘧啶、噻唑、噻唑啉酮、聚酚、巴比妥酸衍生物、研磨劑、及希夫鹼所成群之1種以上。
<基板>
本實施形態之洗淨液所適用之基板為含有釕之含第1金屬原子層與含有釕以外之金屬原子(以下,亦稱為「非釕金屬」)之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在之基板。前述基板中含第1金屬原子層及含第2金屬原子層之至少一者係露出於表面。
含第1金屬原子層含有釕原子。含第1金屬原子層所含有之釕原子可為釕之單質,可為釕之合金,亦可為釕化合物。作為釕化合物,可舉出例如,釕之氧化物、釕之氮化物、釕之氧氮化物等。相對於形成含第1金屬原子層之組成物之總質量,含第1金屬原子層中之釕之含量係以20質量%以上為佳,以30質量%以上為較佳,以40質量%以上為更佳,也可為100質量%。含第1金屬原子層係能以公知方法來形成,可使用例如,CVD、ALD、PVD等。
含第2金屬原子層含有非釕金屬。含第2金屬原子層所含有之非釕金屬可為非釕金屬之單質,可為非釕金屬之合金,也可為非釕金屬化合物。作為非釕金屬化合物,可舉出例如,非釕金屬之氧化物、非釕金屬之氮化物、非釕金屬之氧氮化物等。作為含第2金屬原子層所含有之金屬原子,可舉出例如,卑金屬之金屬原子。本說明書中,卑金屬係意指銅、鐵、鎳、鋁、鉛、鋅、錫、鎢、鉬、鉭、鎂、鈷、鉍、鎘、鈦、鋯、銻、錳、鈹、鉻、鍺、釩、鎵、鉿、銦、鈮、錸、及鉈。作為含第2金屬原子層所含有之非釕金屬,可舉出如卑金屬之單質、卑金屬之合金、卑金屬之氧化物、卑金屬之氮化物、卑金屬之氧氮化物。
作為含第2金屬原子層之形成材料之具體例,可舉出如,銅、氮化鈦(TiN)、氮化鉭(TaN)。含第2金屬原子層係能以公知方法來形成,可使用例如,鍍敷、CVD、ALD、PVD等。
基板中,含第1金屬原子層及含第2金屬原子層之至少一者係露出於表面。可為含第1金屬原子層及含第2金屬原子層之僅任一者露出,亦可露出兩者。
基板中,含第1金屬原子層與含第2金屬原子層係接觸而存在。含第1金屬原子層與含第2金屬原子層只要至少一部分接觸即可。含第1金屬原子層與含第2金屬原子層係以在至少一者之含金屬原子層露出之部分上接觸為佳。含第1金屬原子層與含第2金屬原子層係以鄰接而存在為佳。
圖1A展示適用本實施形態之洗淨液之基板之一例。圖1A所示之基板1為例如,配線層在CMP後之基板。基板1係在Low-k層30形成有配線層20。在配線層20之下層形成有與配線層20之襯層10。如圖1B所示般,亦可在襯層10之下層形成有與襯層10鄰接之阻擋層11。
基板1中,含第1金屬原子層可為襯層10,也可為配線層20。含第1金屬原子層為襯層10之情況,則含第2金屬原子層成為配線層20。含第1金屬原子層為配線層20之情況,則含第2金屬原子層成為襯層10。
含第1金屬原子層為襯層10之情況,含第2金屬原子層係以包含銅為佳。例如,含第1金屬原子層為含釕之襯層10,而含第2金屬原子層為含銅之配線層20。在具有阻擋層11之情況,阻擋層11亦可含有TiN或TaN。含第1金屬層也可為阻擋層11。於此情況,也可省略襯層10。例如,含第1金屬層也可為含釕之阻擋層。
含第1金屬原子層為配線層20之情況,含第2金屬原子層係以包含TiN或TaN為佳。例如,含第1金屬原子層為將釕作為形成材料之配線層20,含第2金屬原子層為將TiN或TaN作為形成材料之襯層10。
基板1中包含釕之含第1金屬原子層與包含非釕金屬之含第2金屬層鄰接而露出於表面。在使用洗淨液來洗淨基板1時,由於與洗淨液接觸,而金屬產生腐蝕電位。含第1金屬原子層所含之釕在以往之洗淨液中腐蝕電位會變高,從而在與含第2金屬原子層所含之非釕金屬之間之腐蝕電位差變大。藉此,在含第1金屬原子層與含第2金屬原子層之邊界面產生電流腐蝕。
電流腐蝕係指在如電解液般之腐蝕環境下相異之金屬接觸並進行電子傳導時,而單方之金屬之腐蝕受到促進的現象。電流腐蝕係在2種之金屬與環境之間因形成腐蝕電池而產生者。
另一方面,本實施形態之洗淨液中,釕之腐蝕電位不會變得過高,而減少與非釕金屬之腐蝕電位差。因此,即使洗淨如基板1般之含第1金屬原子層與含第2金屬原子層鄰接而存在之基板,仍會抑制電流腐蝕之產生。
圖2A及圖2B為適用本實施形態之洗淨液之基板之另一例。如圖2所示之基板100為藉由例如雙重金屬鑲嵌製程,而形成與配線層120連接之通孔140及溝槽150後之基板。形成通孔140之Low-k層130之下層(與配線層120鄰接之襯層110之上層)亦可包含蝕刻停止層(未圖示)。基板100係在Low-k層130形成配線層120。在配線層120下層形成與配線層120鄰接之襯層110。在襯層110之下層亦可形成與襯層110鄰接之阻擋層。雙重金屬鑲嵌係指預先形成通孔與溝(溝槽),藉由成膜而同時進行將金屬埋入於通孔與溝中,接著藉由研磨去除多餘之體積部分,而同時進行通孔與溝之埋入的方法。
基板100中,含第1金屬原子層可為襯層110,也可為配線層120。含第1金屬原子層為襯層110之情況,則含第2金屬原子層成為配線層120。含第1金屬原子層為配線層120之情況,則含第2金屬原子層成為襯層110。作為襯層110及配線層120之形成材料,可舉出如與前述圖1A之基板1相同者。在基板100具有阻擋層之情況,亦可省略襯層110。作為阻擋層之形成材料,可舉出如與圖1B之基板1’相同者。
基板100中,通孔140係形成於配線層120上,雖會露出配線層120,但不會露出襯層110。
但,在通孔形成之過程中,會有產生通孔之對位偏差,如圖2B所示之基板100’般,襯層110露出的情況。在如基板100’般襯層110與配線層120露出之情況,在使用以往之洗淨液進行洗淨時,由於第1金屬原子層所含之釕,與第2金屬原子層所含之非釕金屬之腐蝕電位差,從而在襯層110與配線層120之邊界面會產生電流腐蝕。另一方面,本實施形態之洗淨液由於會減少釕與非釕金屬之腐蝕電位差,故會抑制電流腐蝕之產生。
通孔形成後之洗淨中,由於會有因通孔之對位偏差,而配線層120與襯層110一同露出的可能性。藉由使用本實施形態之洗淨液,即使產生通孔之對位偏差,仍可抑制電流腐蝕之產生。
CMP後或通孔形成後之基板中,藉由該等處理所產生之金屬削屑等之雜質會附著於基板。此種金屬削屑中包含金屬、金屬氧化物。例如,在基板包含銅配線層之情況,則雜質包含銅氧化物(CuOx)。藉由使用本實施形態之洗淨液,而可有效率地從基板表面去除該等雜質。
根據本實施形態之洗淨液,藉由含有胼化合物(A)與鹼性化合物(B),即使在釕與非釕金屬接觸而存在之基板之洗淨中,仍可抑制電流腐蝕產生,並同時可有效率地去除源自含第1金屬原子層與含第2金屬原子層之金屬及/或金屬氧化物等之殘渣(乾蝕刻或CMP等之步驟所產生之殘渣)。本實施形態之洗淨液中,藉由胼化合物(A)而抑制釕之腐蝕電位之上升,從而減少與非釕金屬之腐蝕電位差。藉此,認為會抑制電流腐蝕之產生。又,認為藉由含有(B)成分,會適當地維持洗淨液之pH,且對於上述殘渣(尤其係金屬氧化物殘渣)之洗淨性變得良好。
(第2態樣:洗淨液)
本發明之第2態樣之洗淨液包含:選自由前述一般式(a1)所示之化合物、前述化合物之水合物、及前述化合物之鹽所成群之至少1種之胼化合物(A),與選自由前述胼化合物(A)以外之胺、及第4級氫氧化物所成群之至少1種之鹼性化合物(B)。
本態樣之洗淨液係用以洗淨基板所使用者,該基板為含有貴金屬原子之含第1金屬原子層與含有卑金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在,且前述含第1金屬原子層及前述含第2金屬原子層之至少一者露出於表面之基板。
本實施形態之洗淨液之組成係與第1態樣之洗淨液相同。
<基板>
適用本實施形態之洗淨液之基板為含有貴金屬原子之含第1金屬原子層與含有卑金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在之基板。前述基板中,含第1金屬原子層及前述含第2金屬原子層之至少一者露出於表面。
含第1金屬原子層含有貴金屬原子。本說明書中,貴金屬係意指金(Au)、銀(Ag)、鉑(Pt)、鈀(Pd)、銠(Rh)、銥(Ir)、釕(Ru)、鋨(Os)、及錸(Re)。含第1金屬原子層所含有之貴金屬原子可為貴金屬之單質,可為貴金屬之合金,也可為貴金屬化合物。作為貴金屬化合物,可舉出例如,貴金屬之氧化物、貴金屬之氮化物、貴金屬之氧氮化物等。相對於形成含第1金屬原子層之組成物之總質量,含第1金屬原子層中之貴金屬之含量係以20質量%以上為佳,以50質量%以上為較佳,以80質量%以上為更佳,也可為100質量%。含第1金屬原子層係能以公知方法來形成,可使用例如,CVD、ALD、PVD等。
含第2金屬原子層含有卑金屬原子。含第2金屬原子層所含有之卑金屬原子可為卑金屬之單質,可為卑金屬之合金,也可為卑金屬化合物。作為卑金屬化合物,可舉出例如,卑金屬之氧化物、卑金屬之氮化物、卑金屬之氧氮化物等。
適用本實施形態之洗淨液之基板係除了含第1金屬原子層含有貴金屬原子,且含第2金屬原子層含有卑金屬原子以外,其他係與上述第1態樣之洗淨液之說明所例示之基板相同。
在含第1金屬原子層與含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在之情況,使用以往之洗淨液來洗淨基板時,貴金屬之腐蝕電位變高,且與卑金屬之腐蝕電位差變大。藉此,在含第1金屬原子層與含第2金屬原子層之邊界面產生電流腐蝕。
另一方面,本實施形態之洗淨液中,貴金屬之腐蝕電位不會變得過高,從而減少與卑金屬之腐蝕電位差。因此,即使洗淨如基板1般之含第1金屬原子層與含第2金屬原子層鄰接而存在之基板,仍會抑制電流腐蝕之產生。
根據本實施形態之洗淨液,藉由含有胼化合物(A),與鹼性化合物(B),即使在貴金屬與卑金屬接觸而存在之基板之洗淨中,仍可抑制電流腐蝕之產生,並且可有效率地去除源自含第1金屬原子層與含第2金屬原子層之金屬及/或金屬氧化物等之殘渣(乾蝕刻或CMP等之步驟所產生之殘渣)。本實施形態之洗淨液中,藉由胼化合物(A),抑制貴金屬之腐蝕電位之上升,從而減少與卑金屬之腐蝕電位差。藉此,仍為會抑制電流腐蝕之產生。又,認為藉由含有(B)成分,會適當地維持洗淨液之pH,且對於上述殘渣(尤其係金屬氧化物殘渣)之洗淨性變得良好。
(基板之洗淨方法:第3態樣)
第3態樣之基板之洗淨方法包含:使用前述第1態樣之洗淨液來洗淨基板的步驟。前述基板為含有釕原子之含第1金屬原子層與含有釕以外之金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在之基板。前述基板中含第1金屬原子層及含第2金屬原子層之至少一者露出於表面。
<洗淨基板之步驟:洗淨步驟>
本步驟為使用第1態樣之處理液來洗淨基板之步驟。本步驟包含使洗淨液與基板接觸的操作。洗淨方法之方法並無特別限定,可使用公知之洗淨方法。作為該方法,可舉出例如,在以一定速度旋轉之基板上持續吐出洗淨液之方法(葉片洗淨法)、將基板浸漬於洗淨液中一定時間的方法(浸漬法)、對基板表面噴霧洗淨液的方法(噴霧法)等。
進行洗淨處理之溫度並無特別限定。作為洗淨處理之溫度,可舉出例如,15~60℃。藉由提高處理液之溫度,而洗淨性能會提升,可考慮壓低洗淨液之組成變化,及作業性、安全性、成本等來適宜選擇洗淨液之溫度。
洗淨時間係可適宜選擇會充分去除基板表面之雜質、殘渣等之時間。作為洗淨時間,可舉出例如,10秒~30分、10秒~15分、10秒~10秒、或10秒~5分。
第1態樣之洗淨液亦可在使用時稀釋成2~2000倍而取得稀釋液。本步驟中,也可使用前述稀釋液來洗淨基板。
<基板>
洗淨對象之基板係可舉出如與作為第1態樣之洗淨液之適用對象所說明者為相同者。基板也可為配線層經CMP後之基板(例如,圖1)。基板也可為藉由雙重金屬鑲嵌製程而形成與配線層連接之通孔後之基板(例如,圖2A、圖2B)。
<任意步驟>
本實施形態之方法除了上述洗淨步驟之外,亦可包含任意步驟。作為任意步驟,可舉出例如,CMP步驟、通孔形成步驟、接觸孔形成步驟等。
(CMP步驟)
本實施形態之方法係亦可在前述洗淨步驟之前包含CMP步驟。CMP步驟為對基板施加CMP處理的步驟。藉由進行CMP步驟而平坦化基板之表面。CMP步驟係可在基板上使襯層及配線層成膜後,為了平坦化配線層來進行者。
例如,在基板上成膜Low-k層,在Low-k層形成溝槽與通孔。接著,成膜襯層,接著成膜配線層。接著,藉由CMP來平坦化基板表面。CMP後之基板上會附著有包含源自含第1及/或第2金屬原子層之金屬之氧化物等之削屑,但藉由進行前述洗淨步驟,而可抑制電流腐蝕之產生,並同時去除削屑。
(通孔形成步驟)
本實施形態之方法亦可在前述洗淨步驟之前包含通孔形成步驟。通孔係能以例如,與配線層連接之方式來形成。通孔之形成係也可在雙重金屬鑲嵌製程中進行。
例如,對於已形成襯層及配線層之基板,使Low-k層成膜。在Low-k層之下層,亦可形成包含SiCN、SiCO或Al
2O
3等之蝕刻停止層。接著,在Low-k層形成與配線層連接之通孔。通孔係可藉由例如乾蝕刻或濕蝕刻等來形成。通孔形成後之基板上會附著有源自含第1及/或第2金屬原子層之金屬之氧化物等、源自蝕刻停止層或Low-k層之蝕刻殘渣等,但藉由進行前述洗淨步驟,而可抑制電流腐蝕之產生,並同時去除削屑(殘渣)。
通孔形成步驟中亦可一同形成通孔與溝槽。前述洗淨步驟係也可在雙重金屬鑲嵌製程中,對於形成通孔及溝槽後之基板來進行。
根據本實施形態之方法,由於係使用前述第1態樣之洗淨液來洗淨基板,故即使在釕與非釕金屬鄰接而存在之情況,仍可減少兩金屬間之腐蝕電位差,抑制電流腐蝕之產生,而保持良好之洗淨性。
(基板之洗淨方法:第4態樣)
第4態樣之基板之洗淨方法包含:使用前述第2態樣之洗淨液來洗淨基板的步驟。前述基板為含有貴金屬原子之含第1金屬原子層與含卑金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在之基板。前述基板中,含第1金屬原子層及含第2金屬原子層之至少一者露出於表面。
<洗淨基板之步驟>
本步驟係使用第2態樣之處理液來洗淨基板的步驟。本步驟係能與前述第3態樣之基板之洗淨方法來同樣地進行。
<任意步驟>
本實施形態之方法除了上述洗淨步驟之外,亦可包含任意步驟。作為任意步驟,可舉出例如,CMP步驟、通孔形成步驟、接觸孔形成步驟等。該等方法係能與在前述第3態樣之基板之洗淨方法中所說明之方法同樣地來進行。
<基板>
洗淨對象之基板係可舉出如與作為第2態樣之洗淨液之適用對象所說明者為相同者。基板也可為配線層經CMP後之基板(例如,圖1)。基板也可為藉由雙重金屬鑲嵌製程而形成與配線層連接之通孔後之基板(例如,圖2A、圖2B)。
根據本實施形態之方法,由於係使用前述第2態樣之洗淨液來洗淨基板,故即使在貴金屬與卑金屬鄰接而存在之情況,仍可減少兩金屬間之腐蝕電位差,抑制電流腐蝕之產生,且保持良好之洗淨性。
[實施例]
以下,藉由實施例來更加詳細說明本發明,但本發明並非係受到該等之例所限定者。
<洗淨液之調製>
(實施例1~24、比較例1~5)
使表1~3所示之各成分溶解於水中而調製出各例之洗淨液。
表1~3中,各略稱係分別具有以下之意義。[ ]內之數值表示相對於洗淨液總質量之質量%。
<胼化合物(A)>
(A)-1:2-肼基乙醇。
(A)-2:胼一水合物。
(A)-3:t-丁基胼鹽酸鹽。
<第4級氫氧化物(B1)>
(B1)-1:氫氧化四乙基銨(TEAH)。
(B1)-2:氫氧化四甲基銨(TMAH)。
(B1)-3:氫氧化參(2-羥基乙基)甲基銨(THEMAH)。
(B1)-4:膽鹼。
(B1)-5:氫氧化四丁基鏻。
<胺(B2)>
(B2)-1:三乙醇胺。
(B2)-2:二乙醇胺。
(B2)-3:丁基胺。
(B2)-4:三乙基胺。
<羥基羧酸(C)>
(C)-1:檸檬酸。
(C)-2:葡萄糖酸。
<防蝕劑(D)>
(D)-1:三唑。
(D)-2:苯並三唑(BTA)。
(D)-3:腺嘌呤。
(D)-4:3-胺基-1,2,4-三唑。
<緩衝劑(E)>
(E)-1:二羥乙甘胺酸(Bicine)。
(E)-2:2-環己基胺基乙烷磺酸(CHES)。
(E)-3:三(羥甲基)甲基甘胺酸(Tricine)。
[腐蝕電位差(ΔEcorr)之評價]
基板係使用在12吋矽基板上利用PVD法成膜有釕膜(60nm),或在8吋矽基板上藉由PVD法成膜有銅膜(30nm)之基板。使用恆電位儀(GAMRY公司製之R600+),測量在各例之洗淨液中之基板之塔彿曲線(Tafel plot),而求出腐蝕電位(Ecorr)。恆電位儀之電極係使用參考電極(Ag/ AgCl)、相對電極(Pt)、作用電極(基板)。藉由下述式來算出腐蝕電位差(ΔEcorr)。
ΔEcorr=(銅基板之Ecorr)-(釕基板之Ecorr)
使用以下之評價基準進行評價,並將該結果作為「腐蝕電位差(ΔEcorr)」而展示於表4~6中。
評價基準:
A:-100~100mV
B:超過100mV
C:未滿-100mV
[洗淨性之評價]
洗淨性係評價作為CuOx之蝕刻速率。基板係使用在8吋矽基板上藉由PVD法成膜有銅膜(30nm)之基板。將基板浸漬於5質量%之過氧化氫水,在室溫下攪拌10分鐘。藉由該處理,而使銅氧化成銅氧化物(CuOx)。接著,取出基板並予以水洗,以氮吹氣進行乾燥。洗淨處理係藉由將基裁切成1.5×2cm而製作之試件來進行。在200mL燒杯中放入各例之洗淨液100mL,並浸漬試件。試件之浸漬中,在室溫下以300rpm進行攪拌。浸漬3分鐘後,取出試件予以水洗,並以氮吹氣進行乾燥。
使用X射線電子分光裝置(Rigaku公司製PrimusIV),藉由X射線電子分光法(XPS),測量過氧化氫處理前及洗淨處理後之銅膜厚。算出由洗淨處理所造成之銅膜厚之減少量,並作為CuOx蝕刻速率(A/min)而展示於表4~6中。
由於表4~6之結果,確認到實施例1~24之洗淨液會充分地減少腐蝕電位差。另一方面,比較例1~5之洗淨液之腐蝕電位差為大。
確認到實施例1~24之洗淨液也會維持洗淨性。
1,1’,100,100’:基板
10,110:襯層
11:阻擋層
20,120:配線層
30,130:Low-k層
140:通孔
150:溝槽
[圖1A]展示適用一實施形態之洗淨液之基板之一例。
[圖1B]展示適用一實施形態之洗淨液之基板之一例。
[圖2A]展示適用一實施形態之洗淨液之基板之一例。
[圖2B]展示適用一實施形態之洗淨液之基板之一例。
Claims (15)
- 一種洗淨液,其係洗淨基板用之之洗淨液,該基板為含有釕之含第1金屬原子層與含有釕以外之金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在,且前述含第1金屬原子層及前述含第2金屬原子層之至少一者係露出於表面之基板, 該洗淨液包含:選自由下述一般式(a1)所示之化合物、前述化合物之水合物、及前述化合物之鹽所成群之至少1種之胼化合物(A),與 選自由前述胼化合物(A)以外之胺、及第4級氫氧化物所成群之至少1種之鹼性化合物(B); 式中,R 1及R 2係各自獨立表示不包含羰基之有機基或氫原子。
- 一種洗淨液,其係洗淨基板用之之洗淨液,該基板為含有貴金屬原子之含第1金屬原子層與含有卑金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在,且前述含第1金屬原子層及前述含第2金屬原子層之至少一者露出於表面之基板, 該洗淨液包含:選自由下述一般式(a1)所示之化合物、前述化合物之水合物、及前述化合物之鹽所成群之至少1種之胼化合物(A),與 選自由前述胼化合物(A)以外之胺、及第4級氫氧化物所成群之至少1種之鹼性化合物(B); 式中,R 1及R 2係各自獨立表示不包含羰基之有機基或氫原子。
- 如請求項1之洗淨液,其中更包含羥基羧酸(C)。
- 如請求項1之洗淨液,其中相對於前述洗淨液之總質量,前述胼化合物(A)之濃度為1.0質量%以下。
- 如請求項1之洗淨液,其中前述鹼性化合物(B)為選自由第4級氫氧化物、第3級單胺及第3級烷醇胺所成群之至少1種。
- 如請求項1之洗淨液,其中更包含選自由緩衝劑、防蝕劑、界面活性劑、及有機溶劑所成群之至少1種。
- 如請求項6之洗淨液,其中前述緩衝劑係pKa為6~11之化合物。
- 如請求項1之洗淨液,其中前述含第2金屬原子層包含銅。
- 如請求項1之洗淨液,其係使用於配線層在化學機械研磨後之前述基板之洗淨,且前述配線層為前述含第1金屬原子層或含第2金屬原子層。
- 如請求項1之洗淨液,其係使用於藉由雙重金屬鑲嵌製程而形成有與配線層連接之通孔後之前述基板之洗淨。
- 一種基板之洗淨方法,其包含使用如請求項1~10中任一項之洗淨液來洗淨基板的步驟,其中該基板為含有釕之含第1金屬原子層與含有釕以外之金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在,且前述含第1金屬原子層及前述含第2金屬原子層之至少一者係露出於表面之基板。
- 一種基板之洗淨方法,其包含使用如請求項1~10中任一項之洗淨液來洗淨基板的步驟,其中該基板為含有貴金屬原子之含第1金屬原子層與含有卑金屬原子之含第2金屬原子層接觸而存在,且前述含第1金屬原子層及前述含第2金屬原子層之至少一者露出於表面之基板。
- 如請求項11之基板之洗淨方法,其中前述基板為配線層之化學機械研磨後之基板,前述配線層為前述含第1金屬原子層或前述含第2金屬原子層。
- 如請求項11之基板之洗淨方法,其中前述含第1金屬原子層為含釕之阻擋層或含釕之襯層,前述含第2金屬原子層為含銅之配線層。
- 如請求項14之基板之洗淨方法,其中前述基板為前述含銅之配線層在化學機械研磨後之基板。
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