TW202315627A - Lsd固體口服立即釋放配製物的組成物、製作lsd的固體口服立即釋放配製物之方法及藉由乾混製作lsd的固體口服立即釋放配製物之方法 - Google Patents
Lsd固體口服立即釋放配製物的組成物、製作lsd的固體口服立即釋放配製物之方法及藉由乾混製作lsd的固體口服立即釋放配製物之方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一種LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物,該配製物包括包含在膠囊、片劑或口腔崩散錠的劑型內的LSD。一種藉由製粒製作呈游離鹼或鹽形式的LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物之方法,該方法包括水分活化乾法製粒或乾混。一種治療個體之方法,該方法藉由投與LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物並且治療該個體。
Description
本發明關於藥物的配製物。更特別地,本發明關於d-麥角酸二乙胺(LSD)藥物配製物的立即釋放配製物。
口服溶液配製物方便在小數量的地點和有限數量的患者中研究(主要是早期開發研究),但由於產品穩定性和供應鏈方面的挑戰(如對冷鏈儲存的潛在需要),可能不適用於在許多中心和跨越廣泛地域進行的晚期開發研究,也不適用於商業化。
固體口服配製物(像片劑或膠囊)由於在生產、供應鏈、及患者方便性方面的優勢在晚期臨床開發和商業上更常見。固體口服配製物可以立即釋放(瞬時地溶解於嘴或胃中)或緩釋(其中藥物釋放隨時間延長)。
口腔崩散錠(ODT)係另一種固體劑型,該等口腔崩散錠之配製目的係增加藥物產品的溶出速率並促進胃前吸收。為了實現快速崩散速率,ODT配製物必須提供高孔隙率、低密度、及低硬度(Berthoumieu等人2010;Bandari等人2008)。可以選擇這種劑型來改變吸收或用於吞嚥困難的患者群體(Lindgren等人1993),並且也適用於在老年和兒科患者中使用,或用於患有如吞嚥困難病症的患者(Sastry等人2000)。
LSD衍生自其德文名稱LysergSäureDiethylamid(麥角酸二乙胺)。麥角二乙胺屬於吲哚烷基胺家族,該家族包括許多取代色胺,如二甲-4-羥色胺(psilocin)(賽洛西賓的活性部分)和N,N-二甲基色胺(DMT)。LSD的IUPAC名稱係9,10-雙脫氫-N,N-二乙基-6-甲基麥角靈-8β-甲醯胺。
LSD可用於輔助針對許多適應證(包括焦慮、憂鬱、成癮、人格障礙等)的心理療法,還可用於治療叢集性頭痛、偏頭痛等其他疾病(Passie等人2008;Hintzen等人2010;Nichols, 2016;Liechti, 2017)。LSD的作用可包括想法、感受、對周圍環境的意識發生改變,瞳孔放大,血壓升高和體溫升高。LSD的治療性用途在治療各種神經和行為障礙中顯示出有前景的結果。然而由於其效力,在開發和製造符合藥學上可接受的含量均一性和化學穩定性限制的LSD的固體口服配製物方面可能存在挑戰。
LSD的臨床研究已經集中在口服溶液的藥物產品形式上。幾乎沒有LSD的配製物開發工作。歷來使用口服溶液且幾乎所有的舊研究和傳聞數據都是口服溶液或浸漬紙/紙箱。
需要既對廣泛的患者群體具有商業吸引力又符合對適應性和穩健性的管控/品質期望的LSD劑型和藥物產品。d-麥角酸二乙胺(LSD)(呈游離鹼或以鹽形式)的商業上可行的固體口服的立即釋放藥物配製物,目前不存在市場產品或無文獻報導。LSD的期望治療劑量在10至100微克,實現可接受的藥物含量均一性和化學穩定性存在挑戰。此外,先前的研究已經顯示口服溶液中的LSD在室溫下不穩定(Holze等人2019)。
除了實現均一的和穩定的立即釋放藥物產品配製物之外,最終的藥物產品應處於對廣泛的患者群體容易投與的形式,該等患者群體包括但不限於老年人、小兒、和患有可能限制他們吞嚥能力的病症的患者。
本發明提供了LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物,該配製物包括用於膠囊、片劑、或口腔崩散錠劑型的LSD配製物。
本發明進一步提供了使用如製粒和共混的方法製作均一的、化學穩定的、及快速溶解的LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物之方法。
本發明還提供了一種藉由投與LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物治療個體之方法。
本發明提供了一種迅速釋放或立即釋放劑型(如膠囊、片劑、或口腔崩散錠)的LSD配製物。術語「迅速釋放片劑」係立即遞送藥物的機制(與立即釋放劑型相似),這與在其投與後延緩(緩釋劑型)或用於延長時間段(延長釋放(ER、XR、XL)劑型)或針對體內特異性靶點(靶向釋放劑型)相反。較佳的是,其係指口服劑量配製物中最小的時間依賴性釋放。本發明提供一種一旦口服攝取就相對迅速地溶解的組成物,較佳的是包括LSD作為其活性成分或其活性成分之一。這提供了容易投與但預期有效且有用的治療效果。
LSD可為鹼形式或呈結晶或非結晶固體的鹽形式。鹽可為但不限於鹽酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽、馬來酸鹽、酒石酸鹽(包括D-酒石酸和內消旋酒石酸)、檸檬酸鹽、磷酸鹽、富馬酸鹽、硫酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽、醋酸鹽、草酸鹽、苯甲酸鹽、苯磺酸鹽、昔萘酸鹽(xinafoate)、1,5-萘二磺酸鹽、抗壞血酸鹽、和萘-2-磺酸鹽。LSD的劑量較佳的是可為0.01-1 mg(10-1000 µg)。然而,取決於適應症、年齡、體重、和影響藥理學、生理學及藥物/藥物相互作用的其他因素,在給定患者中可以調整劑量。
典型地,固體口服配製物含有稱為賦形劑的第二成分組分,該等賦形劑可包括但不限於填料/膨脹劑、黏合劑、吸收劑、崩散劑、助流劑、潤滑劑、pH調節劑/緩衝劑、防腐劑、抗氧化劑、滲透增強劑、著色劑、和甜味劑/調味劑。下面列出了每種賦形劑之實例,並且一些常見賦形劑具備不止一種功能。
固體口服配製物中使用的填料之實例包括乳糖(包括無水的)、甘露醇、磷酸二鈣、硫酸鈣、澱粉(如本文使用的澱粉,可以包括乾澱粉或預膠化澱粉)、纖維素(包括微晶纖維素)、高嶺土、氯化鈉、山梨醇、海藻糖、蔗糖等。
還可以包括黏合劑,該等黏合劑係賦予粉末狀材料黏聚性質的聚合的、天然的、或合成的材料。黏合劑必須是無毒的且必須具有良好的相容性特徵。經常用作黏合劑的材料包括阿拉伯膠、甲基纖維素、羥丙基甲基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、黃蓍膠、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮(PVP)、澱粉等。微晶纖維素也被認為是乾黏合劑。
賦形劑(如澱粉、膠體或介孔二氧化矽(即矽石)、澱粉乙醇酸鈉、和微晶纖維素)藉由吸收溶劑(如水)可以充當溶劑吸收劑或崩散劑,同時增加配製物潤濕性。該等賦形劑中的一些較佳的是可用於崩散性質的吸收劑,但也可包括其他特性。例如部分預膠化的澱粉(例如澱粉1500)經常被用作崩散劑,但也可用作吸收劑來清除水分以「隱藏」對其敏感的藥物的水分。當澱粉1500被用作水分活化乾法製粒(MADG)中的吸收劑時,便失去了一些其崩散劑能力,但如果在吸收劑階段後添加澱粉1500,其可充當崩散劑。膠體(或介孔)二氧化矽可為良好的吸收劑但可為弱的崩散劑。澱粉乙醇酸鈉可為良好的崩散劑。微晶纖維素係良好的吸收劑且可以具有崩散劑特性。交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉、交聚維酮、澱粉乙醇酸鈉(其係崩散劑)和澱粉在存在水性流體時膨脹,從而由於片劑基質內的內壓力增加促進片劑崩散。
助流劑增強配製物的流動性。典型的助流劑包括硬脂酸鎂、膠體二氧化矽等。
疏水的硬脂酸和硬脂酸鹽(例如硬脂酸鎂和硬脂醯富馬酸鈉)係口服藥物配製物中使用最廣的潤滑劑。為了最小化對配製物基質崩散或溶出的任何有害作用,典型地將它們以小於2% w/w的濃度添加。使用的潤滑劑之其他實例包括聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯、十二烷基硫酸鹽、滑石、山崳酸甘油酯、棕櫚酸硬脂酸甘油酯、硬脂酸鈣、氫化植物油等。
添加緩衝劑以使配製物達到特定pH。目前,三種緩衝劑(檸檬酸、磷酸鹽及醋酸鹽)構成了FDA批准的藥物中使用的緩衝劑的大多數,但少有先例的賦形劑肯定可在商用劑型中使用。可替代地,配製物的pH可用無緩衝酸(即鹽酸)或無緩衝鹼(即氫氧化鈉)調節。
為了最小化由於氧化應激引起的降解,可以將抗氧化劑添加至配製物中。術語氧化可以被定義為氧摻入至藥物結構中,或定義為將一種化學物質轉變為另一種含有少量電子的衍生物的過程。這種抗氧化劑之實例係抗壞血酸、檸檬酸、丁基羥基甲氧苯(BHA)、和丁羥甲苯(BHT)。
許多藥物對光敏感,因此它們的配製產品在製造、儲存、和投與期間可能降解。藥物物質的光穩定性可以被定義為藥物或藥物產品以固體、半固體、或液體狀態暴露於太陽、UV和可見光的反應,導致物理或化學變化。過度的光暴露可能導致效力喪失、功效改變、和不良的生物效應。為了最小化由於光暴露引起的任何降解,可以使用各種添加劑或包囊方法和組成物(即光穩定劑)以保護活性產品免受光照。例如,脂質體係具有雙層膜結構的顯微的和亞顯微的磷脂小泡。藉由封裝在脂質體中使藥物物質光穩定化係改善其光穩定性的一種方法。
光降解也可能與氧暴露組合發生,這導致光氧化降解。一些常用的防止光氧化的抗氧化劑係抗壞血酸、α-生育酚、丁基羥基甲氧苯(BHA)、丁羥甲苯(BHT)、L-組胺酸、沒食子酸丙酯、和硫化物。抗壞血酸、α-生育酚、β-胡蘿蔔素、和BHT充當自由基清除劑和單線態氧猝滅劑,並因此抑制光敏反應。如果藥物物質充當光敏劑並啟動藥物產品內的連鎖反應,一些賦形劑可能被氧化,而該藥物可以被保護免受光降解。
配製物還可以含有滲透性增強劑以增加吸收的程度和/或速率。這種增強劑之實例係亞碸(如二甲基亞碸,DMSO)、月桂氮酮(例如月桂氮卓酮)、吡咯啶酮(例如2-吡咯啶酮,2P)、醇和烷醇(乙醇或癸醇)、乙二醇(例如丙二醇、PG,外用劑型中常見的賦形劑)、界面活性劑(劑型中也常見)和萜。
為了改善患者的識別度和可接受性,還可以將著色劑、甜味劑、和調味劑添加至固體口服配製物中。
藉由製粒生產的立即釋放配製物可以含有但不限於如上所述之固體口服配製物填料/膨脹劑、黏合劑、吸收劑、崩散劑、助流劑、和潤滑劑,以及緩衝劑、抗氧化劑、吸收增強劑、和著色及調味劑。一種此製粒方法係高剪切製粒,由此將粉末(活性劑、乾黏合劑、填料等)裝料至含有混合/共混組件(如葉輪和斬波器)的閉合容器中。在高剪切濕法製粒中(以下稱為濕法製粒),用黏合劑溶液/懸浮液潤濕粉末,同時混合,這允許顆粒黏結及粒子生長。在添加黏合劑溶液/懸浮液後,可以添加另外的賦形劑(填料、助流劑、崩散劑、潤滑劑等)並與該等粒子混和。取決於活性成分的濃度,典型地在添加黏合劑溶液/懸浮液之前添加活性成分作為乾成分(較高濃度的活性成分典型地大於按重量計的1%-10%)或將活性成分包含在黏合劑溶液/懸浮液中(較低濃度的活性成分典型地小於按重量計的1%-10%)以確保均一性。在濕法製粒中,當向溶液或懸浮液中添加活性成分時,藉由活性乾燥去除液體溶劑。可替代地,使用實例1中所謂的水分活化乾法製粒(MADG)之方法,藉由添加至配製物的吸收劑減少和吸收液體(典型地水)含量,而不是引入活化乾燥步驟。
晶狀API(微化或不微化的)的乾混係可替代的固體口服配製物的製粒方式,在實例2中進一步描述。乾混可以採用與製粒相似的混合/共混設備或用較低的剪切混合,並且可以使用相似的賦形劑類別,最低限度地使用填料。乾混配製物可以進一步被處理為片劑,這種片劑包括通過直接壓片或封裝的口腔崩散錠。直接壓片成型時,如果需要,處理時該組成物還可以包括以上描述的任何黏合劑、崩散劑、助流劑及潤滑劑。
考慮到個體患者的臨床狀況投與和給藥本發明之化合物,投與的部位和方法,投與的時間安排,患者年齡、性別、體重,以及執業醫師已知的其他因素。因此,用於本文目的的藥學上「有效量」由本領域已知的該等考慮來確定。該量必須有效實現改善,包括但不限於改善的生存率或更快地恢復,或者改善或消除症狀和熟悉該項技術者根據適當措施選擇的其他指標。
在本發明的方法中,本發明之化合物能以各種方式投與。應注意,其可作為化合物投與,並且可單獨投與或作為活性成分與藥學上可接受的載體、稀釋劑、佐劑和媒介物組合投與。所治療的患者係溫血動物,特別是哺乳動物,包括人。藥學上可接受的載體、稀釋劑、佐劑和媒介物通常係指不與本發明之活性成分反應的惰性、無毒固體或液體填料、稀釋劑或封裝材料。
劑量可為單劑量或在幾天時段內的多劑量。治療的時間長度通常與疾病過程的時間長度和藥物有效性以及所治療的患者種類成比例。
可以靶向活性藥物的吸收。藥物吸收由藥物的理化特性、劑型、和投與途徑確定。配製待藉由各種途徑(例如,口服、含服、舌下、直腸、腸胃外、外用、吸入)給與的由藥物和其他成分組成的劑型(例如,片劑、膠囊、溶液)。無論投與途徑如何,藥物必須處於可被吸收的溶液中。因此,固體形式(例如,片劑、膠囊)必須能夠崩散和分解。典型地,固體口服片劑和膠囊配製物具有胃吸收,而可以配製ODT配製物來靶向胃前或含服吸收,這可以進一步增強生體可用率。
本發明提供了一種藉由選自以下步驟製作呈游離鹼或鹽形式的LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物之方法:1) 與賦形劑如填料、吸收劑、黏合劑、崩散劑、助流劑、和/或潤滑劑一起製粒,以封裝或形成片劑;或2) 與賦形劑如填料、崩散劑、乾黏合劑、助流劑、和/或潤滑劑共混,以直接壓片為片劑(包括ODT)或封裝。每種方式都考慮了配製低劑量產品相關的、同時維持LSD的含量均一性和化學完整性的挑戰。
本發明提供了一種治療個體之方法,該方法藉由投與LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物並治療該個體。
治療的病症或疾病可以包括但不限於:焦慮障礙(包括晚期疾病如癌症中的焦慮、以及廣泛性焦慮障礙)、憂鬱(包括產後憂鬱、嚴重憂鬱障礙和難治性憂鬱)、頭疼障礙(包括叢集性頭痛和偏頭痛)、強迫症(OCD)、人格障礙(包括行為規範障礙症)、壓力障礙(包括適應障礙和創傷後壓力障礙)、藥物障礙(包括酒精依賴或戒斷、尼古丁依賴或戒斷、類鴉片藥物依賴或戒斷、可卡因依賴或戒斷、甲基苯丙胺依賴或戒斷)、其他成癮(包括賭博障礙、飲食障礙和身體變形症)、疼痛、神經退行性障礙(如癡呆、阿茲海默氏症、帕金森氏症)、泛自閉症障礙、飲食障礙或神經障礙(如中風)。
藉由參考以下實驗實例進一步詳細描述本發明。提供該等實例僅用於說明之目的,除非另有說明,否則無意為限制性的。因此,本發明決不應被解釋為限於以下實例,而是應該被解釋為涵蓋由於本文提供的傳授內容而變得明顯的任何和所有變化。
實例 1 :將 d-LSD D- 酒石酸與賦形劑一起製粒為了實現適合的含量均一性以及避免典型的用濕法製粒進行的分離的活化乾燥步驟,使用所謂的水分活化乾法製粒(MADG)的單鍋製粒方法,用於配製低劑量LSD。對於MADG,製作LSD配製物之方法包括:1) 創建LSD、水(或其他適合的溶劑)和可溶性酸(如果需要)的製粒液體儲備溶液;2) 共混填料(即甘露醇)和黏合劑(即羥丙基甲基纖維素);3) 將製粒液體噴灑至乾混合物並共混以形成結塊;4) 添加水分吸收劑(即澱粉)並共混;以及最終5) 添加另外的功能性賦形劑,如崩散劑、助流劑和潤滑劑並共混以形成最終的製粒粉末。在最佳方法中,在最終的粒子中沒有塊狀物,所以不需要篩分。最終的製粒可以被封裝或形成片劑。
表1顯示在MADG方法中,用微晶纖維素和澱粉作為吸收劑開發的25 μg LSD(相當於36.6 μg的d-LSD D-酒石酸)配製物。該等配製物被封裝,在25°C穩定放置,並測試總雜質。表2顯示微晶纖維素配製物的總雜質結果,且表3顯示澱粉配製物的總雜質結果。此外,圖3顯示含有澱粉的配製物的溶出曲線,該曲線說明LSD的立即釋放或在15分鐘內完全溶解。
[表1] – 使用水分活化乾法製粒方法的d-LSD D-酒石酸的製粒配製物
重量 %/ 膠囊 | ||
微晶纖維素配製物 | 澱粉配製物 | |
結塊 | ||
d-LSD D-酒石酸 | < 1% | < 1% |
甘露醇 | 10%-90% | 10%-90% |
羥丙甲纖維素 | 1%-5% | 1%-5% |
淨化水 | 1%-5% | 1%-5% |
吸收以及最終的共混 | ||
部分預膠化的澱粉 | 25%-50% | |
微晶纖維素 | 20%-90% | |
介孔二氧化矽 | < 2% | < 2% |
澱粉乙醇酸鈉 | 1%-10% | |
交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉 | 1%-25% | |
硬脂醯富馬酸鈉 | < 2% | < 2% |
表2顯示使用以微晶纖維素作為吸附劑的MADG配製物的d-LSD D-酒石酸的總雜質數據。
[表2] – 使用以微晶纖維素作為吸附劑的MADG配製物的d-LSD D-酒石酸的化學穩定性
樣本 | 總雜質( % 面積) |
開始 | 1.7 |
25°C下1個月 | 1.5 |
25°C下2個月 | 2.1 |
表3顯示使用以預膠化澱粉作為吸收劑的MADG配製物的d-LSD D-酒石酸的穩定性數據,且圖3顯示溶出數據。
[表3] – 使用以預膠化澱粉作為吸收劑的MADG配製物的d-LSD D-酒石酸的化學穩定性
時間點 | 總雜質( % 面積) |
開始 | 1.8 |
25°C下1個月 | 1.6 |
25°C下3個月 | 1.8 |
25°C下6個月 | 1.7 |
製作了使用水分活化乾法製粒和預膠化澱粉作為吸收劑(但不包括潤滑劑)的d-LSD D-酒石酸的另外的製粒配製物。該組成物與表1中沒有硬脂醯富馬酸鈉的澱粉配製物相當。
圖2顯示沒有潤滑劑的預膠化澱粉配製物的含量均一性。基於該等結果的該製程的能力表明小於百萬分之0.5(ppm)的膠囊將超出85%-115%的標籤聲明的範圍。該等數據提供了最終的共混均一性係令人滿意的證據。
所有該等數據顯示水分活化乾法製粒可以產生藥學上可接受的均一的、穩定的及立即釋放的LSD配製物。
實例 2 :將 d-LSD D- 酒石酸藥物結晶與賦形劑乾混用於在單鍋中製作LSD的乾混配製物之方法包括添加最少的填料/載體賦形劑(如甘露醇、乳糖和微晶纖維素)和d-LSD D-酒石酸至混合容器並共混直到藥物均一分散。根據需要,可以調整組分或部分組分的添加順序。
在延長的時間段內(3和6週),在40°C下,當d-LSD D-酒石酸鹽作為固體藥物結晶與固體賦形劑以大約1 : 100比例共混時,從散裝配製物評價其化學純度(圖4)。表5顯示在40°C下的三種乾混d-LSD D-酒石酸配製物的層析純度結果,說明每種填料/載體賦形劑的化學純度的最小變化。
[表5] – d-LSD D-酒石酸藥物結晶與各種填料賦形劑共混的層析純度結果,儲存於40°C,並在T = 0、T = 3週以及T = 6週分析化學穩定性
賦形劑 | T = 0 | T = 3 週, 40°C | T = 6 週, 40°C |
MCC (微晶纖維素) | 99.8 | 99.2 | 99.2 |
甘露醇 | 99.8 | 99.9 | 99.9 |
乳糖 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 99.7 |
結果顯示d-LSD D-酒石酸藥物結晶與乳糖、甘露醇和微晶纖維素共混係穩定的。圖4顯示%異LSD(已知的LSD降解產物)與狀況和賦形劑的關係。在整個申請中,將包括美國專利在內的各種出版物均藉由作者和年份以及專利案號進行援引。下面列出了該等出版物的完整引文。該等出版物和專利的揭露內容以其全文藉由援引特此併入本申請中,以便更全面地描述本發明所屬領域的現狀。
已經以示例性的方式描述了本發明,並且應理解,使用的術語意在具有說明性詞語的性質,而非限制性的。
顯而易見地,能夠根據以上傳授內容進行本發明的很多修改和變化。因此,應當理解,在所附請求項之範圍內可以用不同於特定描述的方式來實踐本發明。
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在與附圖結合考慮時,參照以下詳細描述,會容易認識到並更好地理解本發明之其他優點,其中:
[圖1]係D-LSD D-酒石酸鹽之示意圖;
[圖2]係顯示藉由製粒製作的固體口服膠囊配製物的LSD含量均一性之圖;
[圖3]係顯示LSD從藉由製粒製作的固體口服膠囊配製物立即釋放之圖;以及
[圖4]係顯示當與乳糖、微晶纖維素、或甘露醇共混為固體藥物結晶時LSD的化學穩定性之圖。
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Claims (47)
- 一種LSD固體口服立即釋放配製物的組成物,該組成物包括包含在選自由膠囊、片劑、和口腔崩散錠組成之群組的立即釋放劑型內的LSD。
- 如請求項1所述之組成物,其中所述LSD處於選自游離鹼和鹽的形式。
- 如請求項2所述之組成物,其中所述LSD處於鹽形式,並且該鹽選自由以下組成之群組:鹽酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽、馬來酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、磷酸鹽、富馬酸鹽、硫酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽、醋酸鹽、和草酸鹽。
- 如請求項1所述之組成物,其中所述LSD以0.01-1 mg的量存在。
- 如請求項1所述之組成物,其中所述LSD處於選自結晶和非結晶的形式。
- 如請求項1所述之組成物,其中所述組成物藉由製粒產生。
- 如請求項6所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括選自由以下組成之群組的填料:乳糖、甘露醇、磷酸二鈣、硫酸鈣、澱粉、纖維素、高嶺土、氯化鈉、山梨醇、海藻糖、和蔗糖。
- 如請求項6所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括選自由以下組成之群組的黏合劑:阿拉伯膠、羥丙基甲基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、黃蓍膠、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮(PVP)和澱粉。
- 如請求項6所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括選自由以下組成之群組的吸收劑:交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉、澱粉、介孔二氧化矽和微晶纖維素。
- 如請求項6所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括選自由以下組成之群組的崩散劑:交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉、澱粉、微晶纖維素、交聚維酮和澱粉乙醇酸鈉。
- 如請求項6所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括選自由以下組成之群組的助流劑:硬脂酸鎂和膠體二氧化矽。
- 如請求項6所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括選自由以下組成之群組的潤滑劑:硬脂酸鎂、硬脂醯富馬酸鈉、聚乙二醇(PEG)、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、十二烷基硫酸鹽、滑石、山崳酸甘油酯、硬脂酸、棕櫚酸硬脂酸甘油酯、硬脂酸鈣和氫化植物油。
- 如請求項6所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括選自由以下組成之群組的調節pH的試劑:檸檬酸鹽、磷酸鹽、醋酸鹽、氫氧化鈉和鹽酸。
- 如請求項6所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括選自由以下組成之群組的抗氧化劑:抗壞血酸、丁基羥基甲氧苯(BHA)和丁羥甲苯(BHT)。
- 如請求項6所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括光敏試劑。
- 如請求項6所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括選自由以下組成之群組的滲透增強劑:硫酸鹽、月桂氮酮、吡咯啶酮、醇、烷醇、乙二醇、界面活性劑和萜。
- 如請求項6所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括著色劑、甜味劑和調味劑。
- 如請求項1所述之組成物,其中所述組成物藉由乾混產生。
- 如請求項18所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括選自由以下組成之群組的填料:乳糖、甘露醇、磷酸二鈣、硫酸鈣、澱粉、纖維素、高嶺土、氯化鈉、山梨醇和蔗糖。
- 如請求項18所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括選自由以下組成之群組的助流劑:硬脂酸鎂和膠體二氧化矽。
- 如請求項18所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括微晶纖維素的乾黏合劑。
- 如請求項18所述之組成物,該組成物進一步包括選自由以下組成之群組的崩散劑:交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉、澱粉、微晶纖維素、交聚維酮和澱粉乙醇酸鈉。
- 一種製作LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物之方法,該方法包括以下步驟: 將LSD與填料、吸收劑、黏合劑、崩散劑、潤滑劑、和/或助流劑等賦形劑一起製粒;以及 封裝或壓片以形成LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物的片劑。
- 如請求項23所述之方法,其中所述製粒步驟進一步定義為水分活化乾法製粒。
- 如請求項24所述之方法,其中所述製粒步驟包括將LSD粉末、黏合劑、和填料裝料至含有混合/共混組件的閉合容器,混合的同時用黏合劑溶液/懸浮液浸濕粉末,這允許顆粒黏結和粒子生長,並添加填料、助流劑、崩散劑、和潤滑劑。
- 如請求項23所述之方法,其中該LSD處於選自游離鹼和鹽的形式。
- 如請求項23所述之方法,其中該填料選自由以下組成之群組:乳糖、甘露醇、磷酸二鈣、硫酸鈣、澱粉、纖維素、高嶺土、氯化鈉、山梨醇、海藻糖和蔗糖。
- 如請求項23所述之方法,其中該黏合劑選自由以下組成之群組:阿拉伯膠、羥丙基甲基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、黃蓍膠、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮(PVP)和澱粉。
- 如請求項23所述之方法,其中該吸收劑選自由以下組成之群組:交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉、澱粉、介孔二氧化矽和微晶纖維素。
- 如請求項23所述之方法,其中該崩散劑選自由以下組成之群組:交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉、澱粉、微晶纖維素、交聚維酮和澱粉乙醇酸鈉。
- 如請求項23所述之方法,其中該助流劑選自由以下組成之群組:硬脂酸鎂和膠體二氧化矽。
- 如請求項25所述之方法,其中該潤滑劑選自由以下組成之群組:硬脂酸鎂、硬脂醯富馬酸鈉、聚乙二醇(PEG)、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、十二烷基硫酸鹽、滑石、山崳酸甘油酯、硬脂酸、棕櫚酸硬脂酸甘油酯、硬脂酸鈣和氫化植物油。
- 如請求項23所述之方法,其中該LSD處於鹽形式,並且該鹽選自由以下組成之群組:鹽酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽、馬來酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、磷酸鹽、富馬酸鹽、硫酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽、醋酸鹽和草酸鹽。
- 一種藉由乾混製作LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物之方法,該方法包括以下步驟: 將LSD與填料賦形劑和另外的崩散劑、乾黏合劑、助流劑和潤滑劑最少量共混;以及 成型步驟選自由以下組成之群組:直接壓製以形成LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物的片劑或口腔崩散錠(ODT)、和封裝以形成LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物。
- 如請求項34所述之方法,其中該填料選自由以下組成之群組:乳糖、甘露醇、磷酸二鈣、硫酸鈣、澱粉、纖維素、高嶺土、氯化鈉、山梨醇、海藻糖和蔗糖。
- 如請求項34所述之方法,其中該乾黏合劑係微晶纖維素。
- 如請求項34所述之方法,其中該崩散劑選自由以下組成之群組:交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉、澱粉、微晶纖維素、交聚維酮和澱粉乙醇酸鈉。
- 如請求項34所述之方法,其中該助流劑選自由以下組成之群組:硬脂酸鎂和膠體二氧化矽。
- 如請求項34所述之方法,其中該潤滑劑選自由以下組成之群組:硬脂酸鎂、硬脂醯富馬酸鈉、聚乙二醇(PEG)、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、十二烷基硫酸鹽、滑石、山崳酸甘油酯、硬脂酸、棕櫚酸硬脂酸甘油酯、硬脂酸鈣和氫化植物油。
- 如請求項34所述之方法,其中該LSD處於選自游離鹼和鹽的形式。
- 如請求項34所述之方法,其中該LSD處於鹽形式,並且該鹽選自由以下組成之群組:鹽酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽、馬來酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、磷酸鹽、富馬酸鹽、硫酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽、醋酸鹽和草酸鹽。
- 一種治療個體之方法,該方法包括以下步驟: 投與選自由以下組成之群組的LSD的固體口服立即釋放配製物:膠囊、片劑和口腔崩散錠;以及 治療該個體。
- 如請求項42所述之方法,其中該個體具有吞嚥困難、係老年人或患有癡呆。
- 如請求項42所述之方法,其中所述治療步驟進一步定義為治療選自由以下組成之群組的病症或疾病:焦慮障礙、憂鬱、頭疼障礙、強迫症(OCD)、人格障礙、壓力障礙、藥物障礙、賭博障礙、飲食障礙、身體變形症、疼痛、神經退行性障礙、泛自閉症障礙、飲食障礙和神經障礙。
- 如請求項42所述之方法,其中該LSD處於選自游離鹼和鹽的形式。
- 如請求項45所述之方法,其中該LSD處於鹽形式,並且該鹽選自由以下組成之群組:鹽酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽、馬來酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、磷酸鹽、富馬酸鹽、硫酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽、醋酸鹽和草酸鹽。
- 如請求項42所述之方法,其中所述投與步驟進一步定義為投與0.01-1 mg的LSD。
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