TW202104074A - Manufacturing method of bio-carbonization formed by high temperature - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides manufacturing method of bio-carbonization formed by high temperature, which derives from biomass materials of natural environment and processes procedures of melting and cooling, the biomass materials can be agricultural wastes, trees, plants or bio-carbonization. The biomass materials are put into the high temperature furnace for melting and obtain liquid melt, the liquid melt is cooled and then obtains porous bio-carbonized materials. Accordingly, the bio-carbonized materials not only can adsorb dirty, improve qualities of water, air and soil, but also can achieve the efficiency of volume reduction of the raw material.

Description

Preparation method of biochar produced at high temperature

The present invention relates to a method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature, in particular to a high-temperature melting and cooling treatment of biomass energy raw materials, and the processing technology that can be made into a porous biochar filter material is the inventor of its application.

According to, Biochar refers to the solid product of Pyrolysis of organic matter under incomplete combustion or oxygen-deficient environment. Its slender and porous structure has excellent adsorption capacity and can store carbon dioxide and other greenhouses. Gas is thousands of years old; in agricultural applications, it has a significant effect of purifying water quality, and can also improve acidified soil quality and enhance soil water retention capacity.

The charred plant residues that have not been burnt after the forest fire are biochar produced in nature; artificial charcoal is even more numerous, such as charcoal, bamboo charcoal, and rice husk charcoal. Biochar has a wide range of raw materials. At present, agricultural by-products are mostly used to enhance the ancillary value of crops, such as rice husks, corn cobs, fruit tree pruning, etc., or wood chips, coconut husks, hay and other materials. Compressed and granulated to become particulate fuels, which are all materials for direct combustion and carbonization.

Generally speaking, biochar is alkaline, so biochar is used as a soil conditioner to increase pH when applied to the soil. In addition, biochar has poor viscosity. When applied to cohesive soil, it can reduce the specific gravity and hardness of the soil and improve the physical properties of the soil. And farming performance. Although biochar can effectively improve soil quality, maintain soil fertility, and have environmental protection functions; however, the volume of biochar after high-temperature pyrolysis is not much different from the original organic matter volume, so it is not easy to preserve it. If grinding treatment is also It will produce dust problems, causing inconvenience to use and storage.

The reason is that the inventor upholds many years of rich experience in design, development and actual production in the related industry, and specially provides a high-temperature production method for biochar preparation, so that the biomass energy raw materials with good characteristics can be processed to obtain porous particles. Shaped filter material to solve water quality, air filtration and soil improvement problems, to achieve the purpose of better practical value.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature, in particular to a high-temperature melting and cooling treatment of biomass energy raw materials, and processing technology that can be made into porous biochar filter material is its purpose.

The main purpose and effect of the biochar preparation method produced at high temperature of the present invention are achieved by the following specific technical means:

It is mainly taken from the biomass energy raw materials in the natural environment for high-temperature melting and cooling treatment, so that the biomass energy raw materials are put into a high-temperature furnace, and after high-temperature smelting, the biomass energy raw materials are melted into a liquid molten slurry due to the high temperature, and The molten slurry obtains a porous biochar filter material through cooling treatment technology; by this, the obtained biochar filter material can retain the characteristics of adsorbing dirt, improving water quality, air, and soil, while reducing the volume of raw materials to achieve volume reduction Effector.

A preferred embodiment of the method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature of the present invention, wherein the method includes a) obtaining a biomass energy raw material step; b) a high temperature melting step; c) a cooling treatment step, which is taken from the natural environment The biomass energy raw materials are melted into a molten slurry through a high-temperature melting step, and the high-temperature molten slurry is rapidly cooled through a cooling treatment step to obtain a porous biochar filter material.

A preferred embodiment of the method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature of the present invention, wherein the source of the biomass energy raw material can be taken from agricultural waste, trees, plants, or biochar, or the ash or bottom slag produced during the combustion process , And the biochar refers to the solid product of agricultural waste, trees, and plants after high-temperature pyrolysis.

In a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature of the present invention, the high temperature melting step controls the temperature between 700°C and 2200°C, and the temperature range is adjusted and changed according to the biomass energy raw material taken.

In a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature of the present invention, the cooling treatment step includes a liquid quenching method and a gaseous quenching method, wherein the liquid quenching method uses a cooling liquid whose temperature is lower than that of the molten slurry. The molten slurry is instantly and quickly cooled to obtain a porous biochar filter material; while the gas quenching method provides a gas with a temperature lower than that of the molten slurry for slow cooling of the molten slurry, thereby obtaining a porous biochar filter material.

In a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature of the present invention, the cooling liquid can be further selected from water, salt water, soda water, ice water, salt water with ice, alcohol with ice, liquid nitrogen, oil (such as Glycerin) and other liquids without added chemical components; and the gas is further selected as air or inert gas.

In a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature of the present invention, the quenching method is implemented by using a fluid injection tube with a certain pressure to spray a cooling liquid, so that the cooling liquid is sprayed out after being melted by a high-temperature melting step The molten slurry can make the molten slurry coated with gas and moisture form porous characteristics, and make the molten slurry quickly cool and solidify, so as to break into small porous biochar filter materials.

In a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature of the present invention, the quenching method is implemented by adopting a cooling tank, injecting a cooling liquid for cooling into the cooling tank, and spraying in the cooling tank Purge the gas to drop the molten slurry that flows out after the high-temperature melting step on the cooling tank, so that the molten slurry coating gas and moisture form porous characteristics, and the molten slurry is cooled by the cooling tank to solidify and harden A porous biochar filter material.

In a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature of the present invention, when the molten slurry is dropped on the cooling tank, it can directly flow into the cooling tank to present a solidified product in a block shape, or to receive molten slurry drops. A funnel and a screen are set at the exit of the drop, so that the molten slurry is divided into particles and dropped into the cooling tank to cool and solidify the granular porous biochar filter material.

In a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature of the present invention, a refrigerant tube is provided in the cooling tank, and low temperature is transferred to the cooling liquid through the refrigerant tube, so that the cooling liquid can maintain or maintain a low temperature state [ The temperature is lower than the molten slurry and can be cooled].

In order to make the technical content, the purpose of the invention and the effects achieved by the present invention more complete and clear, the following detailed descriptions are given, and please refer to the disclosed drawings and figure numbers together:

First of all, please refer to the first figure, which is a block diagram of the steps of the biochar preparation method produced at high temperature of the present invention. It is mainly used in the method of making drinking water filter materials. The steps are as follows:

a) Obtaining biomass energy raw materials-biomass energy raw materials taken from the natural environment. The biomass energy raw materials are agricultural wastes, trees, plants, or biochar or ash residues or bottom residues produced during combustion treatment, and The biochar refers to the solid product of agricultural waste, trees, and plants after high-temperature pyrolysis;

b) High-temperature melting-put the biomass energy raw materials in the above steps into a high-temperature melting furnace, and smelt them at a temperature of 700~2200℃, and smelt the biomass energy raw materials into a molten slurry (1); further high-temperature melting technology It is defined as the process in which a solid substance melts into a liquid substance through a high-temperature environment and pressure;

c) Cooling treatment-the molten slurry melted in the above steps (1) is cooled by a quenching method. The quenching method uses a low temperature material to cool the molten slurry immediately, and its low temperature means that the temperature is lower than the molten slurry (1) The temperature at which it can be cooled. After cooling treatment, it is cooled and solidified into a porous biochar filter material (2).

In the actual production process, please refer to the first and second pictures. The so-called biomass energy refers to the energy stored in the biomass by plant chlorophyll converting solar energy into chemical energy, and converting solid biomass into combustible through thermochemical conversion technology. Gas, tar, etc., through biochemical conversion technology, convert biomass into biogas, alcohol, etc. under the fermentation of microorganisms, and compress biomass into high-density solid fuel through compaction molding technology. Biomass energy includes: energy forests, energy crops, aquatic plants, various organic wastes, etc. They are renewable resources transformed through plant photosynthesis. According to different sources, biomass suitable for energy utilization can be divided into five categories: forestry resources, agricultural resources, domestic sewage and industrial organic wastewater, municipal solid waste, and livestock and poultry manure. And its forestry resources refer to the biomass energy provided by forest growth and forestry production processes, including firewood, scattered wood in forest tending and thinning operations, residual branches, leaves and wood chips, etc.; branches in the process of wood harvesting and processing , Sawdust, sawdust, tip, slab and truncated ends, etc.; wastes from forestry by-products, etc. Agricultural resources refer to agricultural crops (including energy crops); wastes in the agricultural production process, such as crop stalks (corn stalks, sorghum stalks, wheat straws, rice straws, bean straws, cotton stalks, etc.) remaining in the farmland when crops are harvested; Wastes from the agricultural processing industry, such as rice husks left over from the agricultural production process. Further, the biomass energy raw material can also be biochar, and the biochar refers to the solid product of the forestry resources and agricultural resources after high-temperature thermal cracking. Or further use the ash or bottom slag (that is, the fly ash, powder slag, etc. remaining after removing the solid products) produced after high temperature combustion of forest resources and agricultural resources.

Step a is subjected to high-temperature melting in step b with biomass raw materials taken from the natural environment. Of course, in the process of obtaining biomass raw materials in step a, the required biomass raw materials have been prepared and pushed into the high-temperature melting furnace. However, there are many ways to supply heat sources for high-temperature furnaces, such as plasma, firepower, coal, etc. The technology of high-temperature melting is further defined as a process in which solid substances are melted into liquid substances through a high-temperature environment and pressure. The high-temperature furnace equipment is not a feature of the present invention, so the structure configuration is not described in detail. Set the temperature of the gradually increasing high temperature furnace to 700~2200℃ for smelting, and the control of this temperature range is adjusted and changed according to the biomass energy raw materials taken. Because the melting point of each biomass energy raw material is different, continue The biomass energy raw material is smelted into a molten slurry (1), and the smelting time depends on the weight of each treatment. As long as the biomass energy raw material is smelted into a molten slurry (1) at the above high temperature, it is the best Smelting time.

Then, the molten slurry (1) obtained in step b is subjected to the cooling treatment in step c, and the molten slurry (1) is cooled and cooled by the low-temperature substance in the quenching method, so that it is cooled and solidified into a porous biochar filter material; The present invention further illustrates that the quenching method includes a liquid quenching method and a gaseous quenching method. The liquid quenching method uses a cooling liquid (41) whose temperature is lower than that of the molten slurry for immediate and rapid cooling of the molten slurry to obtain Porous biochar filter material; while the gaseous quenching method provides gas with a temperature lower than that of the molten slurry for slow cooling of the molten slurry to obtain porous biochar filter material.

The types and methods of use of the cooling liquid (41) of the above liquid quenching method are described as follows. The cooling liquid (41) is mainly a liquid with a specific heat, high thermal conductivity, low viscosity and difficult to volatilize, and its effect is better, such as water, Salt water, soda water, ice cube water, salt water with ice, alcohol with ice, liquid nitrogen, oil (glycerin), etc., and the cooling liquid (41) exemplified does not limit the product structure or use mode of the present invention. Appropriate changes or modifications by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field should be regarded as not departing from the scope of the patent of the present invention. Please refer to the third to seventh diagrams. When it uses the cooling liquid (41) for cooling, it can be performed in the following ways, as detailed below:

One is to use a fluid injection tube (3) with a certain pressure to spray a cooling liquid (41), such as water, salt water, soda water, ice cube water, salt water with ice, alcohol with ice, liquid nitrogen, oil, etc., to cool the liquid (41) Spray on the molten slurry (1) that flows out after the high-temperature melting step, and the high-pressure water jet of the fluid injection pipe (3) can make the molten slurry coated gas and moisture form porous characteristics, and can also make The molten slurry (1) is rapidly cooled and solidified, and broken into small and porous biochar filter materials (2) [as shown in the third to fourth and eighth pictures].

The second is to use a cooling tank (4), and inject cooling liquid (41) for cooling into the cooling tank (4), such as water, salt water, soda water, ice water, salt water with ice, alcohol with ice, liquid nitrogen , Oil (glycerin), etc., and spray gas (42) in the cooling tank (4) to allow the molten slurry (1) that flows out after the high-temperature melting step to drip onto the cooling tank (4) , Let the molten slurry cover the gas and moisture form porous characteristics, and use the cooling tank to make the molten slurry (1) cool and solidify [as shown in the third and fifth pictures]; however, when the molten slurry (1) drops on When the cooling tank (4) is introduced, a large amount of high-temperature molten slurry (1) is introduced into the low-temperature cooling liquid (41), which will break and fall to the bottom of the cooling tank (4), presenting irregular shapes and different sizes. A block-shaped porous biochar filter material (2).

Continuing, the second cooling tank (4) is implemented. Because the block biochar filter material (2) has an irregular shape, when the block shape is to be changed, it can be further installed at the outlet that accepts the dripping of the molten slurry (1). Set up a funnel (5) and a screen (6), so that the molten slurry (1) is divided into smaller granular volumes by the screen (6) and falls into the cooling tank (4) [as shown in the sixth figure] , Make it cool and solidify the granular porous biochar filter material (2) [as shown in the eighth figure]. In addition, the water pressure of the fluid jet pipe (3) and the jetting gas (42) rate in the cooling tank (4) are factors that will affect the pore size formation. Furthermore, the temperature of the cooling liquid (41) will rise due to the dripping of the molten slurry (1) from the cooling tank (4). Therefore, a refrigerant pipe (7) is provided in the cooling tank (4) so that the refrigerant pipe (7) It can provide and maintain the low temperature state of the cooling liquid (41) to achieve the effect of rapid cooling [please refer to the seventh figure].

However, in the various cooling liquids (41) used in the water quenching process of the above cooling treatment step, the cooled porous biochar filter material (2) has different hardness effects, except for the biological carbon after liquid nitrogen quenching. The carbon filter material (2) has higher hardness and higher brittleness, while the biochar filter material (2) after oil quenching has low hardness and low brittleness, and the hardness difference of other liquids is quite close. However, the hardness of the treated biochar filter material (2) has no effect on the subsequent water quality and air filtration.

The types of low-temperature cooling gas and the method of use of the above gaseous quenching method are described below. The cooling gas can be air or inert gas (such as nitrogen, argon, etc.), and a short-time low-temperature rapid cooling can be used to place the molten slurry in Rapid cooling in a low temperature gas environment. Or take a long time at room temperature and slowly cool down, and let the molten smelt placed in a room temperature gas environment to slowly cool down. In addition, the flow rate of the gas is different, and the cooling capacity is also different.

The porous biochar filter material (2) after high temperature melting and cooling treatment can maintain the original characteristics of purified water or air, such as having ion exchange capacity, being able to absorb heavy metals, impurities, and dirt in water or air, or being able to Reconcile the pH value of the water, or can activate water molecules, inhibit the growth of organic matter, inhibit the growth of moss... etc. Change the characteristics of water quality, so that after filtering through the porous biochar filter material, it can also obtain glycol water quality, just like the local The drinking water taken can change the taste of the original water quality, or can also be used as purified water for breeding, irrigation, etc. In addition, when the biochar filter material (2) is used in the living environment, because the biochar filter material (2) has porous characteristics, it can absorb peculiar smell and water vapor in the air as a good helper for moisture prevention and deodorization in the environment.

In addition, the biochar filter material is slightly alkaline, porous and has a high "specific surface area" (that is, the surface area per unit weight), which can neutralize acidic soils, increase soil water retention and aeration, and absorb soil nutrients so that nutrients are not easily lost. . The large and small pores in biochar can also be used as habitats for soil microorganisms, which can not only supplement the organic content of the soil, increase the number and diversity of ethnic groups, maintain the ecological role of the soil, but also effectively store water and nutrients to improve soil fertility; if applied In the contaminated soil, the pollutants can be temporarily adsorbed in the pores to avoid the expansion of pollution. As a cultivation medium material, biochar has good corrosion resistance, can be used for a long time, can absorb various nutrients, and slowly release nutrients for crops, which helps to extend fertilizer efficiency and reduce fertilizer waste. In addition, in the plant body that is pyrolyzed into biochar at high temperature, alkaline metal elements such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc., are carbonized into a form that is easily absorbed by crops, which helps to supply plant nutrients, especially carbonized rice husks. And rice straw is rich in silicon and potassium, which can make the plants strong and not susceptible to pests and diseases.

Furthermore, the biomass energy raw material (including biochar) is cooled and solidified after the high-temperature smelting step, and the biochar filter material has the effect of reducing the volume. In order to verify the volume reduction effect, the weight of 1 kg of biochar is taken, and the volume is about 1700 Liter [see attachment], after the high-temperature melting step, it is cooled and solidified to obtain a biochar filter material with a weight of 1 kg and a volume of about 700 liters. After conversion (1700-700)/1700*%=58.8%, it can be proved that The biochar filter material of the present invention after being melted at high temperature and then cooled down has a volume reduction effect compared with the volume of the biochar obtained at the beginning, and its reduced volume is about 20 to 75%. The range of this ratio depends on the biomass obtained. The material can be different from the raw material, however, the present invention can effectively reduce the volume.

However, the foregoing embodiments or drawings do not limit the product structure or usage mode of the present invention, and any appropriate changes or modifications by persons with ordinary knowledge in the relevant technical field should be regarded as not departing from the patent scope of the present invention.

In summary, the embodiments of the present invention can indeed achieve the expected use effect, and the specific structure disclosed by it has not been seen in similar products, nor has it been disclosed before the application, since it has fully complied with the provisions of the patent law. In accordance with the requirements, Yan filed an application for a patent for invention in accordance with the law, and asked for favors for examination, and granted a patent for approval, which would be more virtuous.

this invention:

(a): Obtaining biomass energy raw materials

(b): High temperature melting

(c): Cooling treatment

(1): Molten

(2): Biochar filter material

(3): Fluid injection pipe

(4): Cooling tank

(41): Cooling liquid

(42): Gas

(5): Screen

(6): Mould

(61): Gas

Figure 1: Block diagram 1 of the steps of the method of the present invention.

Figure 2: The second block diagram of the method of the present invention.

Figure 3: Block diagram of the cooling process steps of the present invention.

Figure 4: Schematic diagram 1 of the quenching method of the present invention [fluid injection tube].

Figure 5: Schematic diagram 2 of the quenching method of the present invention [cooling tank].

Figure 6: The third schematic diagram of the quenching method of the present invention [funnel and screen].

Figure 7: Schematic diagram 4 of the quenching method of the present invention [refrigerant tube].

Figure 8: A schematic diagram of the finished product of the porous biochar filter material of the present invention.

(a): Obtaining biomass energy raw materials

(b): High temperature melting

(c): Cooling treatment

Claims (13)

A method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature, and its steps: a) Obtaining biomass energy raw materials-biomass energy raw materials taken from the natural environment, and the biomass energy raw materials are forestry resources and agricultural resources; b) High-temperature melting—put the biomass energy raw materials of the above steps into a high-temperature melting furnace, and smelt them at a temperature of 700-2200°C, and smelt the biomass energy raw materials into a molten slurry; c) Cooling treatment-the molten slurry melted in the above steps is cooled by a quenching method. The quenching method uses a low-temperature cooling material to cool the molten slurry. The low temperature is defined as the temperature lower than the molten slurry and can be The cooling temperature allows the molten slurry to cool and solidify into a porous biochar filter material. A method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature, and its steps: a) Obtaining biomass energy raw materials-biomass energy raw materials taken from the natural environment, the biomass energy raw materials are harvested biochar, the biochar refers to forest resources, agricultural resources, after high temperature pyrolysis Solid product b) High-temperature melting—put the biomass energy raw materials in the above steps into a high-temperature melting furnace, and smelt them at a temperature of 700-2200°C, and smelt the biomass energy raw materials into a molten slurry; c) Cooling treatment-the molten slurry melted in the above steps is cooled by a quenching method. The quenching method uses a low-temperature cooling material to cool the molten slurry. The low temperature is defined as the temperature lower than the molten slurry and can be The cooling temperature allows the molten slurry to cool and solidify into a porous biochar filter material. A method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature, and its steps: a) Obtaining biomass energy raw materials-biomass energy raw materials taken from the natural environment. The biomass energy raw materials are forestry resources and agricultural resources after high-temperature thermal cracking, and the remaining ash and bottom after removing solid products Slag b) High-temperature melting—put the biomass energy raw materials in the above steps into a high-temperature melting furnace, and smelt them at a temperature of 700-2200°C, and smelt the biomass energy raw materials into a molten slurry; c) Cooling treatment-the molten slurry melted in the above steps is cooled by a quenching method. The quenching method uses a low-temperature cooling material to cool the molten slurry. The low temperature is defined as the temperature lower than the molten slurry and can be The cooling temperature allows the molten slurry to cool and solidify into a porous biochar filter material. The method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature as described in item 1, 2 or 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the liquid quenching method is further adopted in the cooling treatment step, and the cooling liquid is sprayed from a fluid spray tube with a certain pressure to make the The cooling liquid is sprayed on the molten slurry that flows out after being smelted in the high-temperature melting step for cooling. For example, the method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature as described in item 1, 2 or 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the liquid quenching method is further used in the cooling treatment step, and a cooling tank is used to inject cooling liquid into the cooling tank, and Spraying gas in the cooling tank allows the molten slurry that flows out after the high-temperature melting step to drip onto the cooling tank, allowing the molten slurry coating gas and moisture to form porous characteristics, and making the molten slurry fast Cooled and solidified, and hardened into a porous biochar filter material. The method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature as described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the cooling liquid in step c can be water, salt water, soda water, ice water, salt water with ice, alcohol with ice, liquid nitrogen , One of oil. The method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature as described in item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the cooling liquid in step c can be water, salt water, soda water, ice water, salt water with ice, alcohol with ice, liquid nitrogen , One of oil. The method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature as described in item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein when the molten slurry drops on the cooling tank, a funnel and a screen are set at the outlet that receives the molten slurry to make the molten slurry After being divided, the particles are lowered into the cooling tank to cool and solidify the granular porous biochar filter material. The method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature as described in item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein a refrigerant pipe is provided in the cooling tank, so that the refrigerant pipe can provide and maintain a low temperature state of the cooling liquid. The method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature as described in item 1, 2 or 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein a gaseous quenching method is further used in the cooling treatment step, which is a short-time low-temperature rapid cooling, so that the molten slurry is placed in Rapid cooling in a low temperature gas environment. The method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature as described in item 1, 2 or 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the gaseous quenching method is further used in the cooling treatment step, which is a long-term room temperature gentle cooling, so that the molten slurry is placed in A room temperature gas environment slowly cools down. According to the method for preparing biochar produced at high temperature as described in item 10 of the scope of patent application, the gas for cooling can be air or inert gas, and the inert gas is nitrogen or argon. As described in the 11th item of the scope of patent application, the high-temperature biochar preparation method, wherein the gas for cooling can be air or inert gas, and the inert gas is nitrogen or argon.

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