WO2023135445A1 - Method for producing bio-coal - Google Patents

Method for producing bio-coal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023135445A1
WO2023135445A1 PCT/IB2022/050224 IB2022050224W WO2023135445A1 WO 2023135445 A1 WO2023135445 A1 WO 2023135445A1 IB 2022050224 W IB2022050224 W IB 2022050224W WO 2023135445 A1 WO2023135445 A1 WO 2023135445A1
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coal
bio
raw materials
sintering furnace
production method
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PCT/IB2022/050224
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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钟永康
钟沛熙
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钟永康
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Priority to PCT/IB2022/050224 priority Critical patent/WO2023135445A1/en
Publication of WO2023135445A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023135445A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
    • C10B57/10—Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for making bio-coal by regenerating plant waste.
  • sulfur dioxide SO2
  • SO2 sulfur dioxide
  • the residue left over from coal after complete combustion is called ash, extrinsic ash and intrinsic ash.
  • the external ash comes from the rock fragments in the roof and the interlayer, and it has a lot to do with the reasonableness of the coal mining method. Most of the external ash can be removed by sorting.
  • Intrinsic ash is the inorganic matter contained in the original coal-forming plant itself. The higher the intrinsic ash, the poorer the selectivity of coal. Ash is a harmful substance.
  • the increase of ash content in steam coal will reduce the calorific value and increase the amount of slag discharge, and the coal will be prone to slagging; generally, for every 2% increase in ash content, the calorific value will decrease by about 100kcal/kg.
  • the present invention provides a method for producing bio-coal, which uses discarded plant parts as raw materials to produce bio-coal with high calorific value, low emission and low price.
  • the present invention achieves the above object like this:
  • the preparation method of biological coal comprises the following steps:
  • the sintering furnace stops heating and maintains negative pressure, the molten raw material cools down and crystallizes into bio-coal crystals.
  • the raw materials before placing the raw materials into the sintering furnace in step S1-1, the raw materials need to be dried to control the water content of the raw materials within 15%.
  • step S2-3 the solidified bio-coal is also cut into shape, and the bio-coal crystal waste generated by cutting is recycled and re-fed to step S2-2 after mixing the crystal powder. Formed in one go.
  • the negative pressure is minus one atmosphere.
  • the discarded plant parts include palm, coconut, corn, canola, rice, barley, wheat branches, leaves, stems, roots, seed shells, and waste wood.
  • the discarded plant parts include seaweed and seaweed.
  • the finished product of bio-coal is oval.
  • the preparation method of biological coal comprises the following steps:
  • the waste parts of the plants come from a wide range of sources, such as terrestrial annual or perennial plants, such as branches, leaves, stems, roots, and seed shells of palm, coconut, corn, canola, rice, barley, and wheat , waste wood, etc., can also use plants growing in the ocean, such as seaweed and seaweed, etc., so the source of raw materials is very extensive, abundant and low in cost.
  • sources such as terrestrial annual or perennial plants, such as branches, leaves, stems, roots, and seed shells of palm, coconut, corn, canola, rice, barley, and wheat , waste wood, etc.
  • the raw materials need to be dried, and the water content of raw materials needs to be controlled within 15%.
  • the present invention preferably uses negative pressure, and the negative pressure is minus one atmospheric pressure, that is, a vacuum environment.
  • the sintering temperature needs to be adjusted or selected according to the characteristics of different raw materials.
  • a lower sintering temperature can be selected for raw materials with relatively soft materials and smaller sizes, such as plant leaves, straw and other materials. The lower temperature is enough to completely melt such raw materials.
  • a higher temperature should be selected so that the raw material can be fully melted.
  • the main element of the raw material is hydrocarbon, which will be carbonized first under vacuum or high temperature. After a certain period of time, the carbonized substance will melt and be sintered after exceeding its melting point.
  • the sintering furnace stops heating and maintains negative pressure, the molten raw material cools down and crystallizes into bio-coal crystals.
  • the overall shape of the bio-coal crystals obtained by sintering is similar to that of the raw materials, so it is very unfavorable for transportation and storage, and the stacking of bio-coal crystals may affect the combustion effect during combustion. To this end, it is also necessary to carry out a shaping operation on the bio-coal crystals.
  • the operation steps are as follows:
  • the molded mixture is placed in an oven and heated to 90-200°C for curing.
  • the curing temperature depends on the curing temperature of the glue used. Due to factors such as mold clamping accuracy and the amount of mixture added, the solidified bio-coal will have burrs, etc., so it needs to be cut and shaped.
  • the bio-coal crystal waste produced by cutting and molding is recovered and re-fed into step S2-2, where the crystal powder is mixed and then re-molded.
  • the bio-coal product is oval in shape. When this shape is used, an appropriate gap can still be reserved between the bio-coal products in the stacked combustion chamber, so that air can circulate in the gap, which is more conducive to the combustion.
  • the sources of discarded plant parts mentioned above can be very wide, and can be any discarded parts of annual or perennial plants. Some specific examples are given below to illustrate: Land plants, including palm, coconut, corn, mustard Flower seeds, rice, barley, wheat branches, leaves, stems, roots, seed shells, waste wood; marine plants, including seaweed and seaweed, etc.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

A method for producing bio-coal, in which discarded plant parts are used as a raw material, sintering is carried out in a vacuum and in a high temperature environment, and bio-coal having a high calorific value, low emissions, and a low price is produced. Compared with currently used coal, pollution gases, such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitric oxide and the like, that are generated during combustion can be greatly reduced, so that combustion is cleaner. In another aspect, the calorific value generated by the combustion of the obtained finished product is 15-20% higher than the calorific value of coal, so that said method can be widely applied to steel smelting, thermal power generation and the like and is a more ideal and environmentally friendly coal-substituting source of energy.

Description

生物煤的制作方法How to make biocoal
本发明涉及一种利用植物废料进行再生制作成为生物煤的方法。The invention relates to a method for making bio-coal by regenerating plant waste.
由于煤炭热量高，标准煤的发热量为 7000大卡/千克，因此广泛用作工业生产的燃料。但是煤炭的使用存在以下的问题，包括Due to the high calorific value of coal, the calorific value of standard coal is 7000 kcal/kg, so it is widely used as a fuel for industrial production. However, the use of coal has the following problems, including
煤炭的开采，其多数以地下矿井开采为主，这种开采方式必然会造成地表塌陷，而且地表塌陷的面积要比煤炭开采面积大1倍左右，长时间的地表塌陷就会在平原地区出现积水受淹的现象，部分地区也会出现土地资源盐渍化的现象，这对于土地资源的破坏是极其严重的，而在山地地区严重的地表塌陷还会引起山体滑坡和泥石流，对土地资源和生态环境产生了十分不利的影响，极大的破坏了生态平衡。Most of coal mining is based on underground mine mining. This mining method will inevitably cause surface subsidence, and the area of surface subsidence is about twice as large as the area of coal mining. Prolonged surface subsidence will lead to accumulated accumulation in plain areas. The phenomenon of water flooding and salinization of land resources will also occur in some areas, which will cause extremely serious damage to land resources, and serious surface subsidence in mountainous areas will also cause landslides and mud-rock flows, which will damage land resources and The ecological environment has had a very adverse impact, greatly destroying the ecological balance.
煤炭的燃烧，绝大部分的硫被氧化成二氧化硫（SO2），随烟气排放，污染大气，危害动、植物生长及人类健康，腐蚀金属设备；当含硫多的煤用于冶金炼焦时，还影响焦炭和钢铁的质量。所以，“硫分”含量是评价煤质的重要指标之一。In the combustion of coal, most of the sulfur is oxidized into sulfur dioxide (SO2), which is discharged with the flue gas, pollutes the atmosphere, endangers the growth of animals and plants and human health, and corrodes metal equipment; when the sulfur-rich coal is used for metallurgical coking, Also affects the quality of coke and steel. Therefore, the "sulfur" content is one of the important indicators for evaluating coal quality.
煤在彻底燃烧后所剩下的残渣称为灰分，灰分分外在灰分和内在灰分。外在灰分是来自顶板和夹层中的岩石碎块，它与采煤方法的合理与否有很大关系。外在灰分通过分选大部分能去掉。内在灰分是成煤的原始植物本身所含的无机物，内在灰分越高，煤的可选性越差。灰是有害物质．动力煤中灰分增加，发热量降低、排渣量增加，煤容易结渣；一般灰分每增加2%，发热量降低100kcal/kg左右。冶炼精煤中灰分增加，高炉利用系数降低，焦炭强度下降，石灰石用量增加；灰分每增加1%，焦炭强度下降2%，高炉生产能就降3%，石灰石用量增加4%。The residue left over from coal after complete combustion is called ash, extrinsic ash and intrinsic ash. The external ash comes from the rock fragments in the roof and the interlayer, and it has a lot to do with the reasonableness of the coal mining method. Most of the external ash can be removed by sorting. Intrinsic ash is the inorganic matter contained in the original coal-forming plant itself. The higher the intrinsic ash, the poorer the selectivity of coal. Ash is a harmful substance. The increase of ash content in steam coal will reduce the calorific value and increase the amount of slag discharge, and the coal will be prone to slagging; generally, for every 2% increase in ash content, the calorific value will decrease by about 100kcal/kg. When the ash content in smelted clean coal increases, the blast furnace utilization coefficient decreases, the coke strength decreases, and the limestone consumption increases; for every 1% increase in ash content, the coke strength decreases by 2%, the blast furnace production capacity decreases by 3%, and the limestone consumption increases by 4%.
针对上述现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种生物煤的制作方法，使用废弃的植物部分作为原料制作成具有高热值、低排放且价格低廉的生物煤。Aiming at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for producing bio-coal, which uses discarded plant parts as raw materials to produce bio-coal with high calorific value, low emission and low price.
本发明是这样实现上述目的的：The present invention achieves the above object like this:
生物煤的制作方法，包括以下步骤：The preparation method of biological coal comprises the following steps:
S1-1.将废弃的植物部分作为原料放置入密闭的烧结炉中，将烧结炉内的压力调整至负压；S1-1. Put discarded plant parts as raw materials into a closed sintering furnace, and adjust the pressure in the sintering furnace to negative pressure;
S1-2.启动烧结炉升温至500-850℃；S1-2. Start the sintering furnace and raise the temperature to 500-850°C;
S1-3.维持烧结炉的温度并保持指定的时间，使所有原料在上述工作气氛中产生熔融；S1-3. Maintain the temperature of the sintering furnace for a specified time, so that all raw materials are melted in the above-mentioned working atmosphere;
S1-4.烧结炉停止加热并保持负压，熔融的原料冷却并结晶为生物煤晶体。S1-4. The sintering furnace stops heating and maintains negative pressure, the molten raw material cools down and crystallizes into bio-coal crystals.
其中，所述在步骤S1-1中将原料放置入烧结炉前，还需要对原料进行干燥，将原料的含水量控制在15%以内。Wherein, before placing the raw materials into the sintering furnace in step S1-1, the raw materials need to be dried to control the water content of the raw materials within 15%.
其中，获得生物煤晶体后还加入以下成型步骤：Among them, the following molding steps are added after the bio-coal crystals are obtained:
S2-1.将生物煤晶体进行粉碎，获得晶体粉末；S2-1. Pulverizing the bio-coal crystals to obtain crystal powder;
S2-2.向晶体粉末中加入胶水并混合均匀获得混合物并置于成型机中成型；S2-2. Add glue to the crystal powder and mix evenly to obtain a mixture and place it in a molding machine for molding;
S2-3.将成型后的混合物置于烘炉中升温至90-200℃，进行固化；S2-3. Place the formed mixture in an oven to heat up to 90-200°C for curing;
S2-4.获得生物煤成品。S2-4. Obtain bio-coal finished products.
其中，所述步骤S2-3的固化操作后，还对固化的生物煤进行切割成型，对切割成型所产生的生物煤晶体废料进行回收并重新投料至步骤S2-2中于晶体粉末混合后再一次成型。Wherein, after the solidification operation in step S2-3, the solidified bio-coal is also cut into shape, and the bio-coal crystal waste generated by cutting is recycled and re-fed to step S2-2 after mixing the crystal powder. Formed in one go.
其中，所述负压为负一个大气压。Wherein, the negative pressure is minus one atmosphere.
其中，所述废弃的植物部分包括棕榈、椰子、玉米、芥花籽、稻米、大麦、小麦的枝、叶、茎、根、种子外壳，废弃木料。Wherein, the discarded plant parts include palm, coconut, corn, canola, rice, barley, wheat branches, leaves, stems, roots, seed shells, and waste wood.
其中，所述废弃的植物部分包括海草及海藻。Wherein, the discarded plant parts include seaweed and seaweed.
其中，生物煤成品为鹅卵形。Among them, the finished product of bio-coal is oval.
本发明的有益效果：现有的废弃的植物部分，如植物的枝、叶、根、茎以及种子外壳等可作为生物再生原料用于制作生物燃料，如沼气、生物油等等，但是这些生物燃料的转化时间较长。通过对这些植物的废弃部分通过真空烧结后使其转化为生物煤晶体，能够大大提高生物燃料的转化时间。在真空烧结结晶的过程中可使植物中的其他元素产生转化、挥发，使获得的成品中的杂质及其他元素的含量大幅减少，相对于现有使用的煤炭，可大大减少燃烧时所产生的污染气体，如二氧化硫、硫化氢、一氧化氮等，因此燃烧更加清洁。另一方面，所获得的成品燃烧所产生的发热量比煤炭高出15-20%，因此能够广泛应用于钢铁冶炼、火力发电等，是更为理想、环保的煤炭替代能源。Beneficial effects of the present invention: existing discarded plant parts, such as plant branches, leaves, roots, stems, and seed shells, can be used as biological regeneration raw materials for making biofuels, such as biogas, bio-oil, etc., but these biological The conversion time of the fuel is longer. By vacuum sintering waste parts of these plants into biocoal crystals, the conversion time of biofuels can be greatly improved. In the process of vacuum sintering and crystallization, other elements in the plant can be transformed and volatilized, and the content of impurities and other elements in the obtained finished product can be greatly reduced. Compared with the currently used coal, it can greatly reduce the combustion produced Polluting gases such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen monoxide, etc., thus burning cleaner. On the other hand, the calorific value generated by the combustion of the obtained finished product is 15-20% higher than that of coal, so it can be widely used in iron and steel smelting, thermal power generation, etc., and is a more ideal and environmentally friendly alternative to coal.
实施例Example
生物煤的制作方法，包括以下步骤：The preparation method of biological coal comprises the following steps:
S1-1.将废弃的植物部分作为原料放置入密闭的烧结炉中，将烧结炉内的压力调整至负压。S1-1. Put discarded plant parts as raw materials into a closed sintering furnace, and adjust the pressure in the sintering furnace to negative pressure.
所述植物的废弃部分来源十分广泛，可以是陆生的一年或多年生长的植物，如棕榈、椰子、玉米、芥花籽、稻米、大麦、小麦的枝、叶、茎、根、种子外壳，废弃木料等等，还可以采用生长于海洋中的植物，如海草及海藻等，因此原料的来源十分广泛、丰富且成本低廉。The waste parts of the plants come from a wide range of sources, such as terrestrial annual or perennial plants, such as branches, leaves, stems, roots, and seed shells of palm, coconut, corn, canola, rice, barley, and wheat , waste wood, etc., can also use plants growing in the ocean, such as seaweed and seaweed, etc., so the source of raw materials is very extensive, abundant and low in cost.
因不同植物的含水量都会有所不同，为免水含量过高而影响烧结以及成品燃烧的发热量，需要对原料进行干燥，通常需要将原料的含水量控制在15%以内。Because the water content of different plants will be different, in order to avoid the high water content from affecting the calorific value of sintering and product combustion, the raw materials need to be dried, and the water content of raw materials needs to be controlled within 15%.
由于烧结过程中烧结炉中的温度较高，为防止原料在高温状态下产生燃烧而不是熔融结晶，需要将烧结炉的空气排空，即在其内设置为负压。当然也可以采用充入惰性气体，但为使原料中的杂质或其他元素能够在烧结过程中产生挥发，本发明优选采用负压，且负压为负一个大气压，即真空环境。Due to the high temperature in the sintering furnace during the sintering process, in order to prevent the raw materials from burning at high temperature instead of melting and crystallizing, it is necessary to evacuate the air in the sintering furnace, that is, set it to negative pressure. Of course, inert gas can also be used, but in order to make the impurities or other elements in the raw materials volatilize during the sintering process, the present invention preferably uses negative pressure, and the negative pressure is minus one atmospheric pressure, that is, a vacuum environment.
S1-2.然后启动烧结炉升温至500-850℃。该烧结温度需要根据不同的原料特性进行调整即选择。对于材质比较松软、尺寸较小的原料可以选择较低的烧结温度，如植物的叶片、秸秆等材料，较低的温度已足以使这类原料完全熔融。但是对于材质相对紧密或原料尺寸较大的，如椰子壳等，则应当选择较高的温度，以便能够是原料充分熔融。S1-2. Then start the sintering furnace and raise the temperature to 500-850°C. The sintering temperature needs to be adjusted or selected according to the characteristics of different raw materials. A lower sintering temperature can be selected for raw materials with relatively soft materials and smaller sizes, such as plant leaves, straw and other materials. The lower temperature is enough to completely melt such raw materials. However, for relatively compact material or large raw material size, such as coconut shell, etc., a higher temperature should be selected so that the raw material can be fully melted.
S1-3.维持烧结炉的温度并保持指定的时间，使所有原料在上述工作气氛中产生熔融。原料的主要元素为碳氢化合物，在真空即高温下首先会被碳化，在维持一定的时间内，碳化后的物质在超过其熔点后会产生熔融，并被烧结。S1-3. Maintain the temperature of the sintering furnace for a specified time, so that all raw materials are melted in the above-mentioned working atmosphere. The main element of the raw material is hydrocarbon, which will be carbonized first under vacuum or high temperature. After a certain period of time, the carbonized substance will melt and be sintered after exceeding its melting point.
S1-4.烧结炉停止加热并保持负压，熔融的原料冷却并结晶为生物煤晶体。S1-4. The sintering furnace stops heating and maintains negative pressure, the molten raw material cools down and crystallizes into bio-coal crystals.
烧结获得的生物煤晶体整体与原料的形状相近，因此对于运输及存储都十分不利，而且在燃烧时由于生物煤晶体的堆叠有可能影响到燃烧效果。为此还需要对生物煤晶体进行成型操作。操作步骤如下：The overall shape of the bio-coal crystals obtained by sintering is similar to that of the raw materials, so it is very unfavorable for transportation and storage, and the stacking of bio-coal crystals may affect the combustion effect during combustion. To this end, it is also necessary to carry out a shaping operation on the bio-coal crystals. The operation steps are as follows:
S2-1.将生物煤晶体放入粉碎机中进行粉碎，获得晶体粉末。S2-1. Putting the bio-coal crystals into a pulverizer for pulverization to obtain crystal powder.
S2-2.将晶体粉末倒入混合机中并加入胶水，启动混合机将晶体粉粉末与胶水合均匀获得混合物，然后将混合物放置于成型机中通过模具成型。S2-2. Pour the crystal powder into the mixer and add glue, start the mixer to mix the crystal powder and glue evenly to obtain a mixture, and then place the mixture in a molding machine to form it through a mold.
S2-3.最后将成型后的混合物置于烘炉中升温至90-200℃，进行固化。固化温度需要视乎所采用的胶水的固化温度。由于模具在合模精度以及混合物的加入量等因素，固化成型后的生物煤会存在毛边等，因此还需要对其进行切割成型。为能够充分利用余料，对切割成型所产生的生物煤晶体废料进行回收并重新投料至步骤S2-2中于晶体粉末混合后再一次成型。具体而言，生物煤成品为鹅卵形，该形状在使用时，堆叠燃烧舱内生物煤成品之间依然可以保留适当的空隙，以便空气能够在空隙间流通，更有利于燃烧的进行。S2-3. Finally, the molded mixture is placed in an oven and heated to 90-200°C for curing. The curing temperature depends on the curing temperature of the glue used. Due to factors such as mold clamping accuracy and the amount of mixture added, the solidified bio-coal will have burrs, etc., so it needs to be cut and shaped. In order to make full use of the remaining material, the bio-coal crystal waste produced by cutting and molding is recovered and re-fed into step S2-2, where the crystal powder is mixed and then re-molded. Specifically, the bio-coal product is oval in shape. When this shape is used, an appropriate gap can still be reserved between the bio-coal products in the stacked combustion chamber, so that air can circulate in the gap, which is more conducive to the combustion.
S2-4.获得生物煤成品。S2-4. Obtain bio-coal finished products.
上述提及的废弃的植物部分的来源可以非常广泛，可以是一年或多年生植物的任何被废弃的部分，以下举出一些具体的例子作出说明：陆生植物，包括棕榈、椰子、玉米、芥花籽、稻米、大麦、小麦的枝、叶、茎、根、种子外壳，废弃木料；海生植物，包括海草及海藻等等。The sources of discarded plant parts mentioned above can be very wide, and can be any discarded parts of annual or perennial plants. Some specific examples are given below to illustrate: Land plants, including palm, coconut, corn, mustard Flower seeds, rice, barley, wheat branches, leaves, stems, roots, seed shells, waste wood; marine plants, including seaweed and seaweed, etc.
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be assumed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, some simple deductions or substitutions can be made, which should be deemed to belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (16)

  1. 生物煤的制作方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：The preparation method of biological coal is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
  2. S1-1.将废弃的植物部分作为原料放置入密闭的烧结炉中，将烧结炉内的压力调整至负压；S1-1. Put discarded plant parts as raw materials into a closed sintering furnace, and adjust the pressure in the sintering furnace to negative pressure;
  3. S1-2.启动烧结炉升温至500-850℃；S1-2. Start the sintering furnace and raise the temperature to 500-850°C;
  4. S1-3.维持烧结炉的温度并保持指定的时间，使所有原料在上述工作气氛中产生熔融；S1-3. Maintain the temperature of the sintering furnace for a specified time, so that all raw materials are melted in the above-mentioned working atmosphere;
  5. S1-4.烧结炉停止加热并保持负压，熔融的原料冷却并结晶为生物煤晶体。S1-4. The sintering furnace stops heating and maintains negative pressure, the molten raw material cools down and crystallizes into bio-coal crystals.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的生物煤的制作方法，其特征在于：所述在步骤S1-1中将原料放置入烧结炉前，还需要对原料进行干燥，将原料的含水量控制在15%以内。The production method of biocoal according to claim 1, characterized in that: before placing the raw materials into the sintering furnace in step S1-1, the raw materials need to be dried to control the water content of the raw materials within 15% .
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的生物煤的制作方法，其特征在于：获得生物煤晶体后还加入以下成型步骤：The preparation method of bio-coal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after obtaining bio-coal crystals, the following molding steps are added:
  8. S2-1.将生物煤晶体进行粉碎，获得晶体粉末；S2-1. Pulverizing the bio-coal crystals to obtain crystal powder;
  9. S2-2.向晶体粉末中加入胶水并混合均匀获得混合物并置于成型机中成型；S2-2. Add glue to the crystal powder and mix evenly to obtain a mixture and place it in a molding machine for molding;
  10. S2-3.将成型后的混合物置于烘炉中升温至90-200℃，进行固化；S2-3. Place the formed mixture in an oven to heat up to 90-200°C for curing;
  11. S2-4.获得生物煤成品。S2-4. Obtain bio-coal finished products.
  12. 根据权利要求3所述的生物煤的制作方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S2-3的固化操作后，还对固化的生物煤进行切割成型，对切割成型所产生的生物煤晶体废料进行回收并重新投料至步骤S2-2中于晶体粉末混合后再一次成型。The production method of bio-coal according to claim 3, characterized in that: after the solidification operation in step S2-3, the solidified bio-coal is also cut and shaped, and the bio-coal crystal waste produced by cutting and shaped is recycled And re-feed to the step S2-2 after the crystal powder is mixed and molded again.
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的生物煤的制作方法，其特征在于：所述负压为负一个大气压。The production method of bio-coal according to claim 1, characterized in that: said negative pressure is minus one atmospheric pressure.
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的生物煤的制作方法，其特征在于：所述废弃的植物部分包括棕榈、椰子、玉米、芥花籽、稻米、大麦、小麦的枝、叶、茎、根、种子外壳，废弃木料。The production method of biocoal according to claim 1, characterized in that: the discarded plant parts include branches, leaves, stems, roots, and seed shells of palm, coconut, corn, canola, rice, barley, and wheat , waste wood.
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的生物煤的制作方法，其特征在于：所述废弃的植物部分包括海草及海藻。The production method of bio-coal according to claim 1, characterized in that: the discarded plant parts include seaweed and seaweed.
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的生物煤的制作方法，其特征在于：生物煤成品为鹅卵形。The production method of bio-coal according to claim 1, characterized in that: the finished product of bio-coal is oval.
PCT/IB2022/050224 2022-01-13 2022-01-13 Method for producing bio-coal WO2023135445A1 (en)

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