CN1810928A - Comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process - Google Patents
Comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1810928A CN1810928A CNA2006100459785A CN200610045978A CN1810928A CN 1810928 A CN1810928 A CN 1810928A CN A2006100459785 A CNA2006100459785 A CN A2006100459785A CN 200610045978 A CN200610045978 A CN 200610045978A CN 1810928 A CN1810928 A CN 1810928A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process in reproducible energy source includes the following steps: collecting biomass material wood dust, forest leftover, etc.; stoving and separating in a separator; carbonizing and extruding to product charcoal; reducing and cracking to separate mixed inflammable gas, and eliminating tar to obtain biomass fuel gas. The present invention can utilize biomass comprehensively and improve environment.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to the renewable energy source domain, is a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process of raw material with biomass wood chip, stalk etc. in the renewable energy source development and use particularly.
Background technology: at present, energy scarcity, the underground fossil class energy is fewer and feweri, has formed worldwide energy dilemma.Look for another way, exploitation is renewable energy source on the ground, just becomes human very urgent task.Exploitation such as renewable energy sources such as biomass energy, wind energy, sun power is risen in countries in the world.For this reason, the Chinese government issued " People's Republic of China's renewable energy source method " on January 1st, 2006, with legal form protection and the development of support renewable energy source.Adopt agricultural crop straw or forestry waste to do the biomass energy exploitation of raw material, presented the fine impetus in China.As biomass power generation, biomass (stalk) shaped fuel, biological fuel gas, biomass charcoal, biomass methyl alcohol, ethanol or the like.But its complete processing and preparation method all adopt the method for single development and use biomass energy, have both wasted limited Energy resources on the ground, continuous again contaminate environment.Ward off as, single processing biological (stalk) shaped fuel, the cost height, expense is big, can't transfer investor's enthusiasm.Ward off as, single employing earth kiln formula method processing biological charcoal, the production cycle is long, and expense is big, and 1 kilogram of charcoal of every production, promptly discharges 1-2 cube of obnoxious flavour, and contaminate environment now has been subjected to environmental administration's restriction.Single processing biological combustion gas just produces a large amount of breezes, nowhere digestion.Moreover, build the gas station investment greatly, it is little to produce effects, and the few people of enterprise make inquiries.Annual government drops into villages and small towns, substantial contribution supply rural area, builds public welfare biological fuel gas station, makes every effort to promote this technology, produces little effect.Comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process is one of effective ways that fully develop in geodyte mass-energy source.Therefore develop a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process is new problem anxious to be solved both at home and abroad always.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of being skillfully constructed, versatility, scientific and reasonable, creativity consciousness is arranged, easy to use, reduce expenses, cheap, improved the comprehensive utilization ratio of biomass renewable energy sources, changed and processed the necessary discharging waste gas of charcoal, contaminate environment in the past, the processing biological combustion gas, the phenomenon that waste residue discharges nowhere has and has both saved biomass energy, has improved a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process of the social benefit and the performance of enterprises again.
Summary of the invention: the object of the present invention is achieved like this: its preparation technology is: at first the collection of biological raw material is a sawdust, wood shavings, branch, the wooden class raw material of trunk forestry waste, be processed into the 0.5-15mm powder through pulverizer, deposit in the feed bin standby, drying machine material loading winch is sent in the drying machine raw material dry, it is thermal source that drying oven adopts biological fuel gas, the byproduct that produces during the used comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process processing of its drying oven charcoal, it is biological fuel gas, raw material in the drying machine is behind drying and dewatering under 60 ℃ of-100 ℃ of temperature, under the induced draft fan effect, separate through separator, separator upper end vapour discharge and moisture, the lower end spills dried raw material, the preparation method of charing is with the wooden class raw material of sawdust after its first moulding, after biomass forming machine squeezes out bar-like raw material, in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace of packing into, under the temperature control effect, process high temperature high-quality machine-made charcoal and biological fuel gas; The preparation method of its first charing aftershaping packs wooden material powder in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace into, generates black solid powdered carbon and biological fuel gas under the temperature control effect, and it is machine-made charcoal that powdered carbon is squeezed into carbon rod through biomass forming machine; Biomass material can be maize straw, rice husk, faggot, corn cob, oil crops cot agricultural crop straw; The raw material water content does not surpass 12% can be dry; The material powder can be wooden material powder 50%, straw material powder 50%; Elder generation's charing aftershaping is the tackiness agent that the powdered carbon after the charing processing is inserted 0.5%-5%, stir evenly, be squeezed into Φ 30 * 150mm through spiral biomass charcoal powder shaper, the hollow carbon rod of Φ 50 * 450mm specification, it is the common machine-made charcoal of low temperature, the rated pressure of carbon rod extrusion molding is 15mpa, and density is at 0.7-0.9g/mc
3Between, calorific value reaches that 6500-7000 kilocalorie/kilogram, carbon content reach 70%-75%, ash content reaches 6%-8%, is packaged into product; Charing is with the wooden class raw material of dried sawdust after elder generation's moulding, be squeezed into Φ 30 * 150mm through hydraulic biomass fuel forming machine or spiral biological substance fuel forming machine, the hollow bar-shaped raw material for standby of Φ 50 * 450mm specification, the rated pressure of bar extrusion molding is 15-31mpa, and density is at 0.8-1.2g/mc
3Between; Machine-shaping is biomass molding fuel without the bar of charing; Elder generation's charing aftershaping is that the raw material powder after the preparation is quantitative by 300-1000kg, the igniting back banking in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace of packing into, the material powder is under anoxic condition spontaneous combustion 48-50 hour in the stove, produces water vapour and non-combustible gas when temperature in the stove reaches 150 ℃-300 ℃, in time discharges by discharge outlet, when temperature in the stove reaches 300 ℃-700 ℃, biomass are through reduction, cracking and polyreaction, and inflammable gas is isolated in the generate energy conversion, be biological fuel gas, recyclable; It is quantitative that the bar-like raw material of extrusion molding is pressed 500-2000kg, the igniting banking in back in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace of packing into, produce water vapour and non-combustible gas when temperature reaches 150 ℃-430 ℃ in the bar under anoxic condition spontaneous combustion 48-50 hour, stove, in time discharge by discharge outlet; When temperature reached 430 ℃-900 ℃ in the stove, biomass were through reduction, cracking and polyreaction, and inflammable gas is isolated in the generate energy conversion, is biological fuel gas, and is recyclable; Bar through high-temperature calcination is the stronger high temperature high-quality machine-made charcoal of rigidity; Its calorific value reaches that 7500-8500 kilocalorie/kilogram, carbon content reach 80%-85%, ash content reaches 5-6%, is packaged into product; Biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace endogenous substance is in the anoxycausis process, when reaching 150 ℃-430 ℃, temperature produces water vapour and non-combustible gas, in time discharge by discharge outlet, when temperature reaches 430 ℃-900 ℃, biomass begin reduction, cracking and polyreaction, the generate energy conversion, progressively separate, formation matter is hard, the black solid charcoal that body is light, the isolated carbonic oxide that contains, hydrogen, oxygen, combustible mixtures such as tar are biological fuel gas, contain the biological fuel gas of tar, after tar filtration unit purifying treatment, through pipeline circulating system, biological fuel gas is directly sent in the drying oven, as the drying machine thermal source; Another part biological fuel gas is delivered in the storage tank by pipeline circulating system.Main points of the present invention are its manufacture craft and comprehensive utilization.Its technological principle is, a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process is with preparation back powdery biomass material, or bar-shaped biomass material, the charing in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace of packing into, charring furnace utilizes the destructive distillation principle, makes the spontaneous combustion under anoxic condition of stove endogenous substance raw material, begins reduction when furnace temperature reaches preset temperature, cracking, generate energy conversion, isolates charcoal and inflammable gas, inflammable gas is handled through the tar purifying device, reclaims the back and uses.The biological fuel gas that preparation technology's method produces is to contain carbon monoxide (CO), the combustible mixture of hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), tar, the biological fuel gas that contains tar, after tar filtration unit purifying treatment, through pipeline circulating system, part biological fuel gas is directly sent in the drying oven, as the drying machine thermal source, produces used for our unit's drying machine; Another part biological fuel gas is transported in the gas-holder by pipeline circulating system, offers user's production or lives used; Because the operation 24 hours every days of biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace, gas production rate is bigger, both can directly supply with the user and use, and can deposit in the gas-holder as used with gas peak peak regulation the corresponding capacity that reduces gas-holder again on a small quantity in.A kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process compared with prior art, have and be skillfully constructed, versatility, scientific and reasonable, creativity consciousness is arranged, easy to use, reduce expenses, cheap, improved the comprehensive utilization ratio of biomass renewable energy sources, changed and processed the necessary discharging waste gas of charcoal, contaminate environment, processing biological combustion gas in the past, the phenomenon that waste residue discharges nowhere, have and both saved biomass energy, improved advantages such as the social benefit and the performance of enterprises again, will be widely used in the renewable energy source domain.
Embodiment:
Embodiment one, its preparation technology is: at first the collection of biological raw material is a sawdust, wood shavings, branch, the wooden class raw material of trunk forestry waste, be processed into the 0.5-15mm powder through pulverizer, deposit in the feed bin standby, drying machine material loading winch is sent in the drying machine raw material dry, it is thermal source that drying oven adopts biological fuel gas, the byproduct that produces during the used comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process processing of its drying oven charcoal, it is biological fuel gas, raw material in the drying machine is behind drying and dewatering under 60 ℃ of-100 ℃ of temperature, under the induced draft fan effect, separate through separator, separator upper end vapour discharge and moisture, the lower end spills dried raw material, and the preparation method of charing is with the wooden class raw material of sawdust after its first moulding, after biomass forming machine squeezes out bar-like raw material, pack in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace, under the temperature control effect, process high temperature high-quality machine-made charcoal and biological fuel gas; The preparation method of its first charing aftershaping packs wooden material powder in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace into, generates black solid powdered carbon and biological fuel gas under the temperature control effect, and it is machine-made charcoal that powdered carbon is squeezed into carbon rod through biomass forming machine; The raw material water content does not surpass 12% can be dry; Elder generation's charing aftershaping is the tackiness agent that the powdered carbon after the charing processing is inserted 0.5%-5%, stir evenly, be squeezed into Φ 30 * 150mm through spiral biomass charcoal powder shaper, the hollow carbon rod of Φ 50 * 450mm specification, it is the common machine-made charcoal of low temperature, the rated pressure of carbon rod extrusion molding is 15mpa, and density is at 0.7-0.9g/mc
3Between, calorific value reaches that 6500-7000 kilocalorie/kilogram, carbon content reach 70%-75%, ash content reaches 6%-8%, is packaged into product; Charing is with the wooden class raw material of dried sawdust after elder generation's moulding, be squeezed into Φ 30 * 150mm through hydraulic biomass fuel forming machine or spiral biological substance fuel forming machine, the hollow bar-shaped raw material for standby of Φ 50 * 450mm specification, the rated pressure of bar extrusion molding is 15-31mpa, and density is at 0.8-1.2g/mc
3Between; Machine-shaping is biomass molding fuel without the bar of charing; Elder generation's charing aftershaping is that the raw material powder after the preparation is quantitative by 300-1000kg, the igniting back banking in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace of packing into, the material powder is under anoxic condition spontaneous combustion 48-50 hour in the stove, produces water vapour and non-combustible gas when temperature in the stove reaches 150 ℃-300 ℃, in time discharges by discharge outlet, when temperature in the stove reaches 300 ℃-700 ℃, biomass are through reduction, cracking and polyreaction, and inflammable gas is isolated in the generate energy conversion, be biological fuel gas, recyclable; It is quantitative that the bar-like raw material of extrusion molding is pressed 500-2000kg, the igniting banking in back in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace of packing into, produce water vapour and non-combustible gas when temperature reaches 150 ℃-430 ℃ in the bar under anoxic condition spontaneous combustion 48-50 hour, stove, in time discharge by discharge outlet; When temperature reached 430 ℃-900 ℃ in the stove, biomass were through reduction, cracking and polyreaction, and inflammable gas is isolated in the generate energy conversion, is biological fuel gas, and is recyclable; Bar through high-temperature calcination is the stronger high temperature high-quality machine-made charcoal of rigidity; Its calorific value reaches that 7500-8500 kilocalorie/kilogram, carbon content reach 80%-85%, ash content reaches 5-6%, is packaged into product; Biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace endogenous substance is in the anoxycausis process, when reaching 150 ℃-430 ℃, temperature produces water vapour and non-combustible gas, in time discharge by discharge outlet, when temperature reaches 430 ℃-900 ℃, biomass begin reduction, cracking and polyreaction, the generate energy conversion, progressively separate, formation matter is hard, the black solid charcoal that body is light, the isolated carbonic oxide that contains, hydrogen, oxygen, combustible mixtures such as tar are biological fuel gas, contain the biological fuel gas of tar, after tar filtration unit purifying treatment, through pipeline circulating system, biological fuel gas is directly sent in the drying oven, as the drying machine thermal source; Another part biological fuel gas is delivered in the storage tank by pipeline circulating system.
Embodiment two, its preparation technology is: at first the collection of biological raw material is a sawdust, wood shavings, branch, the wooden material powder 50% of trunk forestry waste, maize straw, rice husk, faggot, corn cob, oil crops cot agricultural crop straw 50%, be processed into the 0.5-15mm powder through pulverizer, deposit in the feed bin standby, drying machine material loading winch is sent in the drying machine raw material dry, it is thermal source that drying oven adopts biological fuel gas, the byproduct that produces during the used comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process processing of its drying oven charcoal, it is biological fuel gas, raw material in the drying machine is behind drying and dewatering under 60 ℃ of-100 ℃ of temperature, under the induced draft fan effect, separate through separator, separator upper end vapour discharge and moisture, the lower end spills dried raw material, the preparation method of charing is with the raw material powder after the preparation after its first moulding, after biomass forming machine squeezes out bar-like raw material, pack in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace, under the temperature control effect, process high temperature high-quality machine-made charcoal and biological fuel gas; The preparation method of its first charing aftershaping packs the raw material powder after the preparation in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace into, generates black solid powdered carbon and biological fuel gas under the temperature control effect, and it is machine-made charcoal that powdered carbon is squeezed into carbon rod through biomass forming machine; The raw material water content does not surpass 12% can be dry; Elder generation's charing aftershaping is the tackiness agent that the powdered carbon after the charing processing is inserted 0.5%-5%, stir evenly, be squeezed into Φ 30 * 150mm through spiral biomass charcoal powder shaper, the hollow carbon rod of Φ 50 * 450mm specification, it is the common machine-made charcoal of low temperature, the rated pressure of carbon rod extrusion molding is 15mpa, and density is at 0.7-0.9g/mc
3Between, calorific value reaches that 6500-7000 kilocalorie/kilogram, carbon content reach 70%-75%, ash content reaches 6%-8%, is packaged into product; Charing is with the raw material powder after the preparation after elder generation's moulding, be squeezed into Φ 30 * 150mm through hydraulic biomass fuel forming machine or spiral biological substance fuel forming machine, the hollow bar-shaped raw material for standby of Φ 50 * 450mm specification, the rated pressure of bar extrusion molding is 15-31mpa, and density is at 0.8-1.2g/mc
3Between; Machine-shaping is biomass molding fuel without the bar of charing; Elder generation's charing aftershaping is that the raw material powder after the preparation is quantitative by 300-1000kg, the igniting back banking in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace of packing into, the material powder is under anoxic condition spontaneous combustion 48-50 hour in the stove, produces water vapour and non-combustible gas when temperature in the stove reaches 150 ℃-300 ℃, in time discharges by discharge outlet, when temperature in the stove reaches 300 ℃-700 ℃, biomass are through reduction, cracking and polyreaction, and inflammable gas is isolated in the generate energy conversion, be biological fuel gas, recyclable; The biological fuel gas that contains tar, after tar filtration unit purifying treatment, through pipeline circulating system, biological fuel gas is directly sent in the drying oven, as the drying machine thermal source; Another part biological fuel gas is delivered in the storage tank by pipeline circulating system.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process, it is characterized in that: its preparation technology is, at first the collection of biological raw material is a sawdust, wood shavings, branch, the wooden class raw material of trunk forestry waste, be processed into the 0.5-15mm powder through pulverizer, deposit in the feed bin standby, drying machine material loading winch is sent in the drying machine raw material dry, it is thermal source that drying oven adopts biological fuel gas, the byproduct that produces during the used comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process processing of its drying oven charcoal, it is biological fuel gas, raw material in the drying machine is behind drying and dewatering under 60 ℃ of-100 ℃ of temperature, under the induced draft fan effect, separate separator upper end vapour discharge and moisture through separator, the lower end spills dried raw material, the preparation method of charing is with the wooden class raw material of sawdust after its first moulding, after biomass forming machine squeezes out bar-like raw material, in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace of packing into, under the temperature control effect, process high temperature high-quality machine-made charcoal and biological fuel gas; The preparation method of its first charing aftershaping packs wooden material powder in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace into, generates black solid powdered carbon and biological fuel gas under the temperature control effect, and it is machine-made charcoal that powdered carbon is squeezed into carbon rod through biomass forming machine.
2, a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said biomass material can be maize straw, rice husk, faggot, corn cob, oil crops cot agricultural crop straw.
3, a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said raw material water content does not surpass 12% can be dry.
4, a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said material powder can be wooden material powder 50%, straw material powder 50%.
5, a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said first charing aftershaping is the tackiness agent that the powdered carbon after the charing processing is inserted 0.5%-5%, stir evenly, be squeezed into Ф 30 * 150mm through spiral biomass charcoal powder shaper, the hollow carbon rod of Ф 50 * 450mm specification, be the common machine-made charcoal of low temperature, the rated pressure of carbon rod extrusion molding is 15mpa, and density is at 0.7-0.9g/mc
3Between, calorific value reaches that 6500-7000 kilocalorie/kilogram, carbon content reach 70%-75%, ash content reaches 6%-8%, is packaged into product.
6, a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: charing is with the wooden class raw material of dried sawdust after the said first moulding, be squeezed into Ф 30 * 150mm through hydraulic biomass fuel forming machine or spiral biological substance fuel forming machine, the hollow bar-shaped raw material for standby of Ф 50 * 450mm specification, the rated pressure of bar extrusion molding is 15-31mpa, and density is at 0.8-1.2g/mc
3Between; Machine-shaping is biomass molding fuel without the bar of charing.
7, a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said first charing aftershaping is that the raw material powder after the preparation is quantitative by 300-1000kg, the igniting back banking in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace of packing into, the material powder is under anoxic condition spontaneous combustion 48-50 hour in the stove, when reaching 150 ℃-300 ℃, temperature in the stove produces water vapour and non-combustible gas, in time discharge by discharge outlet, when temperature in the stove reaches 300 ℃-700 ℃, biomass are through reduction, cracking and polyreaction, the generate energy conversion, isolating inflammable gas, is biological fuel gas, recyclable.
8, a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is quantitative that the bar-like raw material of said extrusion molding is pressed 500-2000kg, the igniting banking in back in the biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace of packing into, bar under anoxic condition spontaneous combustion 48-50 hour, produce water vapour and non-combustible gas when temperature reaches 150 ℃-430 ℃ in the stove, in time discharge by discharge outlet; When temperature reached 430 ℃-900 ℃ in the stove, biomass were through reduction, cracking and polyreaction, and inflammable gas is isolated in the generate energy conversion, is biological fuel gas, and is recyclable; Bar through high-temperature calcination is the stronger high temperature high-quality machine-made charcoal of rigidity; Its calorific value reaches that 7500-8500 kilocalorie/kilogram, carbon content reach 80%-85%, ash content reaches 5-6%, is packaged into product.
9, a kind of comprehensive biomass solidifying, carbonizing and gasifying utilization process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: biomass carbonated gasification combustion furnace endogenous substance is in the anoxycausis process, when reaching 150 ℃-430 ℃, temperature produces water vapour and non-combustible gas, in time discharge by discharge outlet, when temperature reaches 430 ℃-900 ℃, biomass begin reduction, cracking and polyreaction, the generate energy conversion, progressively separate, formation matter is hard, the black solid charcoal that body is light, the isolated carbonic oxide that contains, hydrogen, oxygen, combustible mixtures such as tar are biological fuel gas, the biological fuel gas that contains tar is after tar filtration unit purifying treatment, through pipeline circulating system, biological fuel gas is directly sent in the drying oven, as the drying machine thermal source; Another part biological fuel gas is delivered in the storage tank by pipeline circulating system.
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| CN101824347A (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2010-09-08 | 北京泛欧瑞德科技有限公司 | Biomass composite granular fuel, and manufacturing method and device thereof |
| CN101050137B (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2010-12-22 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Synthesizing method and equipment for fabricating light ground substance by using farming and forestry biomass |
| CN102020999A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-04-20 | 天津市树荣生物碳宝科技有限公司 | Co-production equipment for preparing charcoal, gas and oil by utilizing various biomass materials and preparation method of charcoal, gas and oil |
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