CN100999673A

CN100999673A - Process for comprehensive utilization of plant discarded matter

Info

Publication number: CN100999673A
Application number: CNA2006101638689A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟知云; 陈首畅; 孟桂萍
Original assignee: 孟知云; 陈首畅
Priority date: 2006-12-30
Filing date: 2006-12-30
Publication date: 2007-07-18

Abstract

The process of comprehensively utilizing plant fibrous waste includes the following steps: depurating plant fibrous waste as material, cutting, drying, burning in a charring furnace at 200-400 deg.c, recovering the plant vinegar liquid with one recovering device connected to the charring furnace, recovering tar, discharging charred plant waste, cooling and recovering and treating the plant char. The present invention has reduced air pollution, high plant vinegar liquid recovering rate, and high plant char yield. The plant char may be used as soil improving agent and fertilizer and pesticide applying assistant.

Description

A kind of plant refuse comprehensive utilization method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of is raw material with the plant refuse, realizes comprehensive utilization method by destructive distillation, and concrete is a kind of plant refuse comprehensive utilization method.

Technical background

In people's industrial and agricultural production and daily life, can produce branch, leaf, bark, wood shavings, sawdust, bamboo, rattan, straw, grass, husk, maize peel, corn cob, etc. contain the vegetable fibre waste, the tree branches that some are good-for-nothing, mulberry shoot, flaw-piece, bamboo, rattan are normally burnt as the firewood charcoal, utility value is not high, also causes environmental pollution easily.Contain the vegetable fibre waste in a large number, then become rubbish as waste of shell, pericarp and vegetables, flowers etc., these wastes ferment in rubbish and rot, grow the fly worm, serious contaminate environment.

Summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of plant refuse comprehensive utilization method, this method is a raw material with containing the vegetable fibre waste all, adopt the method for water-cooled to improve the plant vinegar liquid rate of recovery, improve the plant vinegar liquid rate of recovery by the control exhaust smoke level, reduce the content of the suspended substance in the flue gas, reduce the pollution of flue gas, and plant charcoal is carried out processing treatment, make it become the subsidiary material of soil improvement agent and fertilising, dispenser air.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of plant refuse comprehensive utilization method, it is characterized in that raw material all is the plant refuse that contains vegetable fibre, and concrete grammar is:

(1) plant refuse classification and remove impurity, Cutting Length be to less than furnace diameter,

(2) dried plant waste, controlling moisture content is less than 25%,

(3) plant refuse is put into charring furnace and burns,

(4) by adjusting exhaust air rate, temperature is 200-400 ℃ in the control stove, and charring furnace smoke temperature is 80-150 ℃, and condenser smoke temperature is 15-30 ℃,

(5) smoke exhaust pipe of charring furnace communicates with the plant vinegar liquid withdrawer, with condenser temperature is reduced to 15-30 ℃ in the plant vinegar liquid withdrawer,

(6) reclaim and handle plant vinegar liquid,

(7) reclaim tar,

(8) come out of the stove after the plant refuse carbonization in the charring furnace, cooling,

(9) reclaim and handle plant charcoal.

The concrete grammar of described recovery and processing plant vinegar liquid is: plant vinegar liquid flows into container through going out the plant vinegar liquid pipe, and plant vinegar liquid filters, and leaves standstill 4-5 and precipitates in individual month, and the coke cleaning oil of removal come-up is got the middle part clear liquor, checks, packs, puts in storage.

It is that to adopt thickness be that the powdery filtering layer of 30-50 millimeter, the particulate filter layer that thickness is the 80-100 millimeter, powdery filtering layer, the two layers of filter paper that thickness is the 30-50 millimeter successively filter that described plant vinegar liquid filters, described powdery filtering layer is that 80-100 purpose sawdust or powdered carbon are formed, and described particulate filter layer is a particle diameter greater than 4 millimeters activated carbon granule.

The method of described recovery and processing plant charcoal is: the plant charcoal cooling; plant charcoal is crushed to the 80-100 order; add the plant nutrition composition, add water, transfer PH=5-7; mixing and making material is bulk; nodulizer is granulated, and with the temperature oven dry that is lower than 80 ℃, control moisture content is less than 2%; check, pack, put in storage, become the subsidiary material of soil improvement agent and fertilising, dispenser.

The plant nutrition composition of described adding is calcium, phosphorus, boron, magnesium, manganese, zinc.

The described plant refuse that contains vegetable fibre is branch, leaf, bark, wood shavings, sawdust, bamboo, rattan, straw, grass, husk, maize peel, corn cob, shell, pericarp, bagasse and the rubbish that contains vegetable fibre.

Described charring furnace is mechanical charring furnace or brick charring furnace.

Raw material of the present invention is branch, flaw-piece, bamboo, rattan, plant refuses such as the mulberry shoot of cutting off every year as mulberry tree, dried-up bamboo, rattan can also be leaf, bark, wood shavings, sawdust, straw, grass, husk, maize peel, corn cob, shell, pericarp, bagasse even the rubbish that contains vegetable fibre.So not only made full use of resource, also the rubbish that contains vegetable fibre can have been turned waste into wealth, for new approach has been opened up in refuse treatment.

The present invention is because whole raw material comes from waste or rubbish, removal of impurities, classification to raw material are very important, non-plant material such as the metal in the raw material, plastics, rubber need be removed, the raw material of same stove should be selected same class raw material, can guarantee the plant vinegar liquid quality like this.Main points of the present invention are to adopt the method for water-cooled and control exhaust smoke level to control condensing temperature, to improve the plant vinegar liquid rate of recovery, particularly reduce the content of the suspended substance in the flue gas, reduce the pollution of flue gas to air, after tested, fume emission of the present invention has reached relevant emission standard.By the adjustment exhaust air rate, temperature in the may command stove, exhaust air rate is big, and temperature is then high in the stove, and exhaust air rate is little, and temperature is then low in the stove, 60-80 ℃ of common smoke temperature control, secondary smoke temperature is 30-50 ℃.The present invention also adjusts temperature in the condenser by the flow of adjusting water coolant, makes the temperature of flue gas in condenser be controlled at 30-50 ℃, and is good at this temperature range interplantation vinegar output of fluid high quality.Plant vinegar liquid is through bed filtration, and leaving standstill becomes the plant vinegar liquid that serves many purposes with removing impurity and tar light oil.The resulting plant charcoal of the present invention is a low-firing, through pulverizing, add the required nutrition of plant, granulates, and then becomes the subsidiary material of soil improvement agent fertilising, dispenser.The required nutrition of plant is to prepare according to the different demands of each kind of plant, also will adjust according to the soil property and the water quality of various places.The product that the present invention obtains also has tar.The present invention is applicable to fairly large mechanical charring furnace, the brick charring furnace that the scale that also is applicable to is less.The present invention is to the plant refuse comprehensive utilization, has improved the value of these plant refuses greatly.The present invention has adopted science and simple method to improve the plant vinegar liquid rate of recovery, reduce the content of the suspended substance in the flue gas, reduce the pollution of flue gas, and plant charcoal is carried out processing treatment, make it become the subsidiary material of soil improvement agent and fertilising, dispenser air.The inventive method is scientific and reasonable, range of product is many, quality is good, output is high, can not cause environmental pollution.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of using appts of the present invention,

Fig. 2 is a structure of condenser synoptic diagram of the present invention,

Fig. 3 is a 1-1 sectional view of the present invention.

Embodiment

Build a brick charring furnace or mechanical charring furnace according to the design needs, on charcoal kiln (15), draw a pipe (13), be provided with coke discharging oil pipe (14) a pipe bottom, one time pipe is introduced condenser (10), condenser communicates with a pipe (13) for casing one end of sealing, end communicates with secondary pipe (9) in addition, front end at the condenser inner chamber is divided into smog surge bunker (18) and condensation storehouse (19) and plant vinegar liquid storage warehouse (16) by the smog distribution plate (12) that is covered with smoke through hole (20) with cabinets cavity, be provided with circulating condensing water pipe (17) in the condensation storehouse (19), its entrance of cooling water (4) is located at left end, cooling water outlet (11) is located at right-hand member, and circulating condensing water pipe (17) can adopt many water pipes in line, single water pipe is in line back and forth, single or many water pipe spiral surroundings.Be provided with the back up pad (3) that supports the circulating condensing water pipe in rear end, condensation storehouse, below rear end, condensation storehouse, be provided with wood vinegar and go out pipe (1), wood vinegar goes out the main by-pass valve control (2) that is provided with of pipe, secondary pipe upper end is connected to induced draft fan (8), the induced draft fan outlet is connected with three pipes, three times pipe is two, and three times 1 pipes (5) and three times 2 pipes (6) are provided with by-pass valve control (7) on three times 2 pipes.

The plant vinegar liquid strainer is that to adopt thickness be that the 80-100 purpose sawdust or the powdered carbon of 30-50 millimeter is the one-level filtering layer, thickness is the diameter 4-6 millimeter of 80-100 millimeter, length is that the gac of 10-20 millimeter is the cascade filtration layer, thickness is that the sawdust or the powdered carbon of 30-50 millimeter is the three-stage filtration layer, and two layers of filter paper is the level Four filtering layer.Concrete grammar is:

(1) with the plant refuse classification, remove impurity such as non-plant material such as metal, plastics, rubber, same stove raw material should be selected same class raw material, and plant refuse Cutting Lengths such as branch, flaw-piece, bamboo, rattan are extremely less than furnace diameter;

(2) the raw material airing that moisture content is big to water content less than 25%;

(3) raw material being put into charring furnace burns;

(4) by adjusting exhaust air rate, temperature is 200-400 ℃ in the control stove, and raw material is only smoldered in stove, does not produce flare, by control interior discharge of condensate pipe (17) and by-pass valve control (7) charring furnace smoke temperature is controlled to be 80-150 ℃, condenser smoke temperature is controlled to be 15-30 ℃;

(5) smoke exhaust pipe of roasting kiln communicates with the plant vinegar liquid withdrawer, with condenser temperature is reduced to 15-30 ℃ in the plant vinegar liquid withdrawer;

(6) reclaim and handle plant vinegar liquid: plant vinegar liquid flows into container through going out the plant vinegar liquid pipe, and plant vinegar liquid filters through private filter, and the plant vinegar liquid after the filtration leaves standstill 4-5 month precipitation, removes the coke cleaning oil of come-up, gets the middle part clear liquor, check, packing, warehouse-in.

(7) reclaim tar, check, packing, warehouse-in.

(8) come out of the stove cooling after the plant refuse carbonization in the charring furnace;

(9) reclaim and handle plant charcoal: the plant charcoal cooling, plant charcoal is crushed to the 80-100 order, add plant nutrition compositions such as calcium, phosphorus, boron, magnesium, manganese, zinc as required, encouraging device with nano biological is nano material activatory water with water treatment, add in the plant powdered carbon and adjust potential of hydrogen PH=5-7, mix, amount of water is that to make material be the bulk that satisfy to granulate requires;

(10) nodulizer is granulated;

(11) oven drying at low temperature, control moisture content is less than 2%;

(12) check, pack, put in storage, become the subsidiary material of soil improvement agent and fertilising, dispenser.

Claims

1, a kind of plant refuse comprehensive utilization method is characterized in that, raw material all is the plant refuse that contains vegetable fibre, and concrete grammar is:

(2) dried plant waste, controlling moisture content is less than 25%,

(3) plant refuse is put into charring furnace and burns,

(6) reclaim and handle plant vinegar liquid,

(7) reclaim tar,

(9) reclaim and handle plant charcoal.

2, a kind of plant refuse comprehensive utilization method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the concrete grammar that reclaims and handle plant vinegar liquid is:

(1) plant vinegar liquid flows into container through going out the plant vinegar liquid pipe,

(2) plant vinegar liquid filters,

(3) leave standstill 4-5 month precipitation, remove the coke cleaning oil of come-up, get the middle part clear liquor,

(4) check, packing, warehouse-in.

3, a kind of plant refuse comprehensive utilization method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, it is that to adopt thickness be that the powdery filtering layer of 30-50 millimeter, the particulate filter layer that thickness is the 80-100 millimeter, powdery filtering layer, the two layers of filter paper that thickness is the 30-50 millimeter successively filter that plant vinegar liquid filters, described powdery filtering layer is that 80-100 purpose sawdust or powdered carbon are formed, and described particulate filter layer is a particle diameter greater than 4 millimeters activated carbon granule.

4, a kind of plant refuse comprehensive utilization method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the method that reclaims and handle plant charcoal is:

(1) plant charcoal cooling,

(2) plant charcoal is crushed to the 80-100 order,

(3) add the plant nutrition composition, add water, transfer PH=5-7, mixing and making material is bulk,

(4) nodulizer is granulated,

(5) with the temperature oven dry that is lower than 80 ℃, control moisture content less than 2%,

(6) check, pack, put in storage, become the subsidiary material of soil improvement agent and fertilising, dispenser.

5, a kind of plant refuse comprehensive utilization method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the plant nutrition composition of adding is calcium, phosphorus, boron, magnesium, manganese, zinc.

6, a kind of plant refuse comprehensive utilization method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the plant refuse that contains vegetable fibre is branch, leaf, bark, wood shavings, sawdust, bamboo, rattan, straw, grass, husk, maize peel, corn cob, shell, pericarp, bagasse and the rubbish that contains vegetable fibre.

7, a kind of plant refuse comprehensive utilization method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, charring furnace is mechanical charring furnace or brick charring furnace.