TW202026133A - 聚乙烯小袋及其製造方法 - Google Patents

聚乙烯小袋及其製造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
TW202026133A
TW202026133A TW108145708A TW108145708A TW202026133A TW 202026133 A TW202026133 A TW 202026133A TW 108145708 A TW108145708 A TW 108145708A TW 108145708 A TW108145708 A TW 108145708A TW 202026133 A TW202026133 A TW 202026133A
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
polyethylene
film structure
sealing
base film
sealing strip
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TW108145708A
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English (en)
Inventor
杜哲
王剛
云小兵
潘健平
徐靜怡
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美商陶氏全球科技有限責任公司
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Publication of TW202026133A publication Critical patent/TW202026133A/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/242Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool the heat transfer being achieved by contact, i.e. a heated tool being brought into contact with the welding tool and afterwards withdrawn from it
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82Testing the joint
    • B29C65/8207Testing the joint by mechanical methods
    • B29C65/8215Tensile tests
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82Testing the joint
    • B29C65/8207Testing the joint by mechanical methods
    • B29C65/8223Peel tests
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82Testing the joint
    • B29C65/8253Testing the joint by the use of waves or particle radiation, e.g. visual examination, scanning electron microscopy, or X-rays
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/004Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/0042Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined of the joining tool and the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/0044Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined of the joining tool and the parts to be joined using a separating sheet, e.g. fixed on the joining tool
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
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    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/347General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients
    • B29C66/3474General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients perpendicular to the plane of the joint
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7311Thermal properties
    • B29C66/73115Melting point
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/735General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7352Thickness, e.g. very thin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
    • B29C66/73713General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented bi-axially or multi-axially
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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    • B29C66/81811General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
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    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
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Abstract

本揭示案係關於一種由聚乙烯基膜結構形成一密封件之方法。所述聚乙烯基膜結構具有至少一個由具有預定熔融溫度(Tm )的定向聚乙烯形成之層。一傳導熱密封裝置提供熱以形成所述密封件,其中所述傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條在比所述聚乙烯基膜結構中之定向聚乙烯之Tm 低至少10攝氏度(℃)的第一操作溫度下操作,且所述傳導熱密封裝置之第二密封條在比所述第一密封條之操作溫度高至少15℃的第二操作溫度下操作。由所述聚乙烯基膜結構形成的所述密封件保留其在形成所述密封件前之初始表面積的至少99%。

Description

聚乙烯小袋及其製造方法
本揭示案大體上係關於由聚乙烯基膜結構形成密封件,且更特定言之,係關於使用傳導熱密封方法由聚乙烯基膜結構形成密封件之方法。
在包裝技術中,尤其對於軟包裝領域,可持續性是一個重要主題。大部分軟包裝材料為層狀結構,其中由於可持續性壓力,單一材料結構現在吸引來自品牌擁有者及加工商之許多關注。舉例而言,若機械及光學特性可與密封能力併入全PE基結構中,則聚乙烯基膜結構(例如全聚乙烯(PE)基結構)為一種用於軟包裝之有前景的單一材料結構。
拉幅機雙軸定向製程(tenter frame biaxially orientation process)賦予PE極佳光學外觀及拉伸特性,使得聚乙烯基膜結構可完全回收且提供對環境可持續的包裝。將雙軸定向聚乙烯(biaxially oriented polyethylene, BOPE)層壓至另一密封劑層(例如吹製PE膜)為聚乙烯基膜結構之一個實例,其在各種應用具有極大潛力,諸如在清潔劑粉末包裝、米袋、寵物食品包裝、調味料包裝以及冷凍食品包裝中。
然而,在使用傳導熱密封方法形成密封件時遇到了瓶頸,使得聚乙烯基膜結構難以用作包裝。傳導熱密封方法使用一對持續加熱之「夾片」,其物理壓擠及加熱層狀結構之聚合物以形成密封件。密封件之圖案有助於使用層狀結構來形成軟包裝材料。然而,本質上較差的耐熱性使得PE膜易於受熱引發變形(例如皺紋),其為不合期望的。若用於傳導熱密封方法之持續加熱之夾片的溫度非常接近定向PE膜之熔點,則已在轉化製程期間(例如在拉幅機雙軸定向製程期間)觀察到已定向之PE膜的嚴重收縮。因此,定向膜之收縮及聚乙烯基膜結構之後續起皺為傳導熱密封方法之一個問題。
儘管吹製製程所賦予之定向量小於定向製程(例如,拉幅機雙軸定向製程)中所見之定向量,但吹製PE膜亦在傳導熱密封期間變形。經驗亦教示,若聚乙烯基膜結構之變形(收縮)溫度過於接近密封劑PE之熱密封起始溫度(heat sealing initiation temperature, HSIT),則將不存在足夠的溫度「窗口」以在不使聚乙烯基膜結構變形之情況下製造強密封件。然而,此障礙對於其他習知層狀膜結構不是問題,如由多元胺(PA,例如耐綸)/PE或聚對苯二甲酸伸乙酯(polyethylene terephthalate, PET)/PE製成之彼等層狀膜結構,因為PA及PET具有比PE高得多的熔點及變形溫度。因此,具有一或多個定向PE層之聚乙烯基膜結構極易在傳導熱密封製程期間形成的密封件內部及周圍起皺。
除傳導熱密封之外,存在其他密封技術。舉例而言,當系統冷卻(水冷卻或空氣冷卻)形成密封件之膜時,脈衝密封製程繼續沿著密封件施加壓力,以試圖防止在密封夾片打開之後變形。此技術應用於收縮膜中。然而,基於脈衝密封之包裝機之總成本實質上高於傳導熱密封系統。因為脈衝密封製程之鎳鉻合金線及釋放器覆蓋物需要頻繁替換,所以脈衝密封製程之維護成本亦高於傳導熱密封系統。脈衝密封製程之生產率亦低於傳導熱密封系統,且密封圖案僅限於寬度小於5 mm之窄帶密封件。因此,脈衝密封機器不常用於製造習知包裝,諸如枕形小袋及3邊密封袋以及其他結構。
另一類似但更簡單的技術為熱線密封方法,但此方法對於氣密性而言並不可靠,此係因為在試圖形成密封件時通常存在「燒穿」情況。亦已知避免在聚合物膜上直接加熱之其他密封技術。舉例而言,超音波密封在密封介面處使用機械振動。射頻密封使用高頻電場來加熱極性組分,像使用密封樹脂一樣。感應密封適用於具有金屬層(如Al箔)之層狀結構,所述感應密封藉由電磁場加熱金屬。然而,所有上文所提及之方法均受到用於全PE結構之可行性以及設備之成本及可用性的影響。
因此,本領域中仍需要一種用於由聚乙烯基膜結構形成密封件之方法,所述方法不引發聚乙烯基膜結構收縮,由此減少或消除聚乙烯基膜結構中皺紋的形成。
本揭示案提供一種用於由聚乙烯(PE)基膜結構形成密封件之方法,所述方法使聚乙烯基膜結構極少收縮至不收縮,由此減少或消除在PE基膜結構中形成皺紋。特定言之,本揭示案係關於由PE基膜結構形成密封件之方法,其中所述方法包含提供PE基膜結構,其中聚乙烯基膜結構具有至少一個由具有預定熔融溫度(Tm )之定向聚乙烯形成之層;提供具有第一密封條及第二密封條之傳導熱密封裝置以提供熱來形成密封件;在比形成聚乙烯基膜結構之至少一個層的定向聚乙烯之Tm 低至少10攝氏度(℃)之第一操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條;在比第一密封條之操作溫度高至少15℃的第二操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第二密封條;及用傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條及第二密封條由聚乙烯基膜結構形成密封件。
對於各種實施例,可修改密封條操作溫度,其中在第一操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條的方法包含,在比形成聚乙烯基膜結構之至少一個層的定向聚乙烯之Tm 低至少15℃的第一操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條;且其中在第二操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第二密封條包含,在比第一密封條之操作溫度高至少25℃的第二操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第二密封條。
在一實施例中,提供具有至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層的聚乙烯基膜結構包含,提供具有至少一個由雙軸定向聚乙烯形成之層的聚乙烯基膜結構。舉例而言,雙軸定向聚乙烯以2:1至9:1之拉伸比沿縱向定向且以1:1至10:1之拉伸比沿橫向定向。在其他實施例中,提供具有至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層的聚乙烯基膜結構包含,提供具有至少一個由單軸定向聚乙烯形成之層的聚乙烯基膜結構。另外,定向聚乙烯(例如雙軸定向聚乙烯及/或單軸定向聚乙烯)之密度可為0.910至0.970 g/cm3 。舉例而言,定向聚乙烯可為密度為0.910至0.940 g/cm3 之線性低密度或中密度聚乙烯。
對於實施例,聚乙烯基膜結構之厚度可為30至200微米(µm)。另外,提供聚乙烯基膜結構可包含提供僅由定向聚乙烯形成之聚乙烯基膜結構。提供聚乙烯基膜結構亦可包含提供具有單層結構之聚乙烯基膜結構,所述單層結構僅由至少一個定向聚乙烯層中之一者形成。或者,提供聚乙烯基膜結構可包含提供具有多層結構之聚乙烯基膜結構,所述多層結構由至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層形成。舉例而言,所述至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層可形成聚乙烯基膜結構之表層。
對於各種實施例,多層結構可進一步包含黏著層及密封劑層,其中密封劑層藉由黏著層層壓至至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層。對於此類實施例,第二密封條之第二操作溫度大於密封劑層之熱密封起始溫度。
提供具有至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層的聚乙烯基膜結構亦可包含,提供聚乙烯基膜結構,其中聚乙烯基膜結構之結構單元的至少50%來自聚乙烯。或者,提供具有至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層的聚乙烯基膜結構可包含,提供聚乙烯基膜結構,其中聚乙烯基膜結構之結構單元的至少70%來自聚乙烯。
在傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條與第二密封條之間由聚乙烯基膜結構之表面形成密封件包含,使聚乙烯基膜結構與傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條及第二密封條接觸0.1至3秒範圍內之密封停留時間以形成密封件。
本揭示案亦提供一種由如本文所論述之聚乙烯基膜結構形成之物件。由根據本揭示案之聚乙烯基膜結構形成的密封件保留其在形成密封件前之初始表面積的至少99%。另外,由聚乙烯基膜結構形成之密封件的表面積為在形成密封件時接觸聚乙烯基膜結構之第一密封條與第二密封條之表面積的至少90%。根據本揭示案形成之密封件的密封強度可為20 N/吋(7.87 N/cm)至200 N/吋(78.74 N/cm)。在一額外實施例中,根據本揭示案形成的密封件之密封強度可為5 N/吋(1.97 N/cm)至25 N/吋(9.84 N/cm),所述密封件適合用於「容易」剝離的包裝應用。如本領域中已知,可根據本揭示案形成之物件尤其包含選自由以下組成之群組:枕形小袋、3邊密封袋、4邊密封袋及直立小袋。
本揭示案提供一種由聚乙烯(PE)基膜結構形成密封件之方法,所述方法使PE膜極少收縮至不收縮,由此減少或消除在PE基膜結構中形成皺紋。特定言之,本揭示案係關於由PE基膜結構形成密封件之方法,其中所述方法包含提供PE基膜結構,其中聚乙烯基膜結構具有至少一個由具有預定熔融溫度(Tm )之定向聚乙烯形成之層;提供具有第一密封條及第二密封條之傳導熱密封裝置以提供熱來形成密封件;在比形成聚乙烯基膜結構之至少一個層的定向聚乙烯之Tm 低至少10攝氏度(℃)的第一操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條;在比第一密封條之操作溫度高至少15℃的第二操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第二密封條;及用傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條及第二密封條由聚乙烯基膜結構形成密封件。定義
本文中全部提及之元素週期表應係指由CRC Press, Inc.2003年出版且版權所有的元素週期表。此外,任何提及之一或多個族應為使用IUPAC系統給族編號的在此元素週期表中反映之一或多個族。
本文中所揭示之數值範圍包含自下限值至上限值之所有值,且包含下限值與上限值。對於含有確切值之範圍(例如1或2、或3至5、或6或7),任何兩個確切值之間的任何子域包含在內(例如1至2;2至6;5至7;3至7;5至6等)。
除非相反陳述、由上下文暗示或在本領域中慣用,否則所有份數及百分比均以重量計,所有溫度以℃為單位,且截至本揭示案申請日,所有測試方法均為現行的。
如本文所用,術語「組合物」係指包括組合物之材料,以及由組合物之材料形成的反應產物及分解產物之混合物。
術語「包括(comprising)」、「包含(including)」、「具有(having)」及其衍生詞並不意欲排除任何額外組分、步驟或程序之存在,無論其是否特定地揭示。相比之下,術語「基本上由……組成」自任何隨後列舉之範圍中排除任何其他組分、步驟或程序,除了對可操作性而言並非必要之彼等之外。術語「由……組成」排除未特定敍述或列出之任何組分、步驟或程序。
密度係根據ASTM D 792量測,且值以公克/立方公分(g/cm3 )為單位報告。
如本文所用,「聚乙烯基膜結構」為包含至少50%的衍生自聚合乙烯單體(以可聚合單體之總量計)之膜結構形成的結構單元,且視情況可含有至少一種共聚單體之膜結構(例如單層結構或多層結構)。
「丙烯基聚合物」為含有超過50莫耳%聚合丙烯單體(以可聚合單體之總量計),且視情況可含有至少一種共聚單體之聚合物。
如本文所用之「熔點」(參考繪製的DSC曲線之形狀亦稱為熔融峰值)係根據ASTM D 3418量測。儘管許多個別聚烯烴將僅包括一個熔點或峰值,應注意,許多包括兩種或更多種聚烯烴之摻合物將具有一個以上熔點或峰值。如本文所用,「預定熔融溫度(Tm )」視為根據ASTM D3418所量測之定向聚乙烯之DSC量測的最高吸熱峰值。
如本文所用,「烯烴基聚合物」為含有超過50莫耳%聚合烯烴單體(以可聚合單體之總量計),且視情況可含有至少一種共聚單體的聚合物。烯烴基聚合物之非限制性實例包含乙烯基聚合物及丙烯基聚合物。
「聚合物」意謂藉由使單體(無論相同類型或不同類型)聚合而製備之聚合化合物。通用術語聚合物因此涵蓋術語均聚物(用於指僅由一種類型之單體製備的聚合物,其中應理解痕量雜質可併入聚合物結構中)及如下文所定義之術語互聚物。痕量雜質(例如催化劑殘餘物)可併入聚合物之中及/或之內。聚合物可為單一聚合物、聚合物摻合物或聚合物混合物。
如本文所用,術語「互聚物」係指藉由使至少兩種不同類型之單體聚合而製備之聚合物。通用術語互聚物因此包含共聚物(用於指由兩種不同類型之單體製備的聚合物),及由超過兩種不同類型之單體製備之聚合物。
「聚丙烯」意謂具有大於50重量%單元源於丙烯單體之聚合物。
如本文所用,術語「乙烯/α-烯烴互聚物」係指以聚合形式包括大部分乙烯單體(以互聚物之重量計)及α-烯烴的互聚物。
如本文所用,術語「乙烯/α-烯烴共聚物」係指以聚合形式包括大部分乙烯單體(以共聚物之重量計)及α-烯烴作為僅有的兩種單體類型的共聚物。
「聚乙烯」將意謂包括超過50重量%單元源自乙烯單體之聚合物。此包含聚乙烯均聚物或共聚物(意謂源自兩種或更多種共聚單體之單元)。本領域中已知之聚乙烯之常見形式包含低密度聚乙烯(Low Density Polyethylene, LDPE);線性低密度聚乙烯(Linear Low Density Polyethylene, LLDPE);超低密度聚乙烯(Ultra Low Density Polyethylene, ULDPE);極低密度聚乙烯(Very Low Density Polyethylene, VLDPE);中密度聚乙烯(Medium Density Polyethylene, MDPE);及高密度聚乙烯(High Density Polyethylene, HDPE)。此等聚乙烯材料通常在本領域中已知;然而,以下描述可有助於理解此等不同聚乙烯樹脂中之一些之間的差異。
術語「LDPE」亦可稱為「高壓乙烯聚合物」或「高分支聚乙烯(highly branched polyethylene)」且定義為意謂聚合物在高壓釜或管狀反應器中在高於14,500 psi(100 MPa)之壓力下藉由使用游離基引發劑(諸如過氧化物)部分或完全地均聚合或共聚合(參見例如US 4,599,392,其以引用之方式併入本文中)。LDPE樹脂通常具有0.916至0.940 g/cm3 範圍內之密度。
術語「LLDPE」包含使用傳統的齊格勒-納他催化劑系統(Ziegler - Natta catalyst systems)以及諸如雙茂金屬(有時稱為「m-LLDPE」)之單點催化劑、後茂金屬催化劑及受限幾何形狀催化劑製得的樹脂,且包括線性、大體上線性或非均勻聚乙烯共聚物或均聚物。LLDPE含有比LDPE更少的長鏈分支,且包含在美國專利5,272,236、美國專利5,278,272、美國專利5,582,923及美國專利5,733,155中進一步定義之大體上線性乙烯聚合物;均勻分支之線性乙烯聚合物組合物,諸如美國專利第3,645,992號中之彼等組合物;非均勻分支之乙烯聚合物,諸如根據揭示於美國專利第4,076,698號中之方法製備之彼等聚合物;及/或其摻合物(諸如揭示於US 3,914,342或US 5,854,045中之彼等物)。LLDPE可使用本領域中已知之任何類型之反應器或反應器組態經由氣相、溶液相或漿液聚合或其任何組合製得,其中氣相及漿液相反應器最佳。
術語「MDPE」係指具有自0.926至0.940 g/cm3 之密度的聚乙烯。「MDPE」通常使用鉻或齊格勒-納他催化劑或使用茂金屬、受限幾何形狀或單點催化劑製得且通常具有超過2.5之分子量分佈(molecular weight distribution,「MWD」)。
術語「HDPE」係指具有大於約0.940 g/cm3 之密度的聚乙烯,其一般用齊格勒-納他催化劑、鉻催化劑、後茂金屬催化劑或受限幾何形狀催化劑製備。
術語「ULDPE」係指密度為0.880至0.912 g/cm3 之聚乙烯,其一般用齊格勒-納他催化劑、鉻催化劑或單點催化劑(包含但不限於雙茂金屬催化劑幾何形狀)及受限幾何形狀催化劑製備。
某些聚合物的特徵為在「單點催化劑」存在下製備或為經「單點催化」。高效單點催化劑(SSC)之主要三類已用於商業製備聚乙烯共聚物。此等催化劑為雙環戊二烯基單點茂金屬催化劑(亦稱為卡明斯基催化劑(Kaminsky catalyst))、半夾心受限幾何形狀單環戊二烯基單點催化劑(稱為受限幾何形狀催化劑,CGC,在Dow Chemical Company之INSITE™技術商標下)及後茂金屬催化劑。應理解,特徵為在單點催化劑之存在下製備或為單點催化之聚合物係在此等催化劑中之一或多者存在下製備。
「摻合物」、「聚合物摻合物」及類似術語意謂兩種或更多種聚合物之組合物。此類摻合物為可互溶的或不可互溶的。此類摻合物為可分離相或不可分離相的。如由透射電子光譜法、光散射、x射線散射及本領域中已知之任何其他方法所測定的,此類摻合物可能含有或可能不含一或多種域組態。摻合物不為層壓物,但層壓物之一或多個層可含有摻合物。
用作本揭示案之聚乙烯基膜結構中之至少一個層的「定向聚乙烯」為根據如本領域中已知之固相定向製程形成的雙軸定向膜或單軸定向膜。將本揭示案之定向聚乙烯形成為雙軸定向膜為經由已知製程之固相定向製程之結果,其在塑化擠壓機將熔融聚乙烯膜(第一模組)饋入至冷卻及表面精軋輥之後發生,在使熔融聚乙烯膜驟冷且使其溫度穩定以實現固相之後,沿雙軸定向的縱向(MD)及橫向(CD)按比例地呈固相之膜定向(拉伸)至所需定向或拉伸比。形成用作本揭示案之聚乙烯基膜結構中之至少一個層的雙軸定向聚乙烯之此製程之實例包含,如本領域中已知之平面雙軸定向(例如拉幅機線製程)、同步平面膜雙軸定向及同步管狀膜雙軸定向(「二次起泡」製程)。將本揭示案之定向聚乙烯形成為單軸定向膜為經由已知方法之固相定向製程之結果,所述已知方法僅在MD(稱為MDO)中或CD(稱為TDO)中發生。TDO通常使用如用於雙軸平面膜定向之CD定向步驟之拉幅機及烘箱部分實現。MDO亦類似於雙軸定向中之MD定向步驟,其中後驟冷膜經溫度調節且在一對緊鄰之差速輥之間拉伸以最小化定向發生之無支撐間隙。根據本揭示案,在實現固相前任何定向之聚乙烯膜不視為「定向聚乙烯」。
本揭示案提供且使用具有第一密封條及第二密封條之傳導熱密封裝置來提供熱,從而由本文所提供之PE基膜結構形成密封件。圖1提供具有第一密封條102及第二密封條202之傳導熱密封裝置100之一部分的實例。第一密封條102及/或第二密封條202各自可單獨地稱為「密封條(seal bar)」或共同稱為「密封條(seal bars)」。如圖1中所示第一密封條102與第二密封條202對置。對於各種實施例,第一密封條102與第二密封條202相同或大體上相同,其中第二密封條202彼此對置地安置,以便執行熱密封操作。
如本文所使用之「密封條」為{傳導熱密封裝置之組件。密封條為一對剛性及細長構件中的一個構件,其由用於熱密封操作的熱傳導材料(典型地為金屬)製成。如本文所用之術語「熱密封」或「熱密封操作」為將兩種或更多種聚合材料膜(例如如本文所提供之PE基膜結構,以及視情況選用之配件及/或管狀結構)置放在兩個對向的密封條之間的動作。密封條朝向彼此移動,包夾膜,向膜施加熱與壓力以使得膜之對向內表面(密封層)接觸且形成熱密封件或形成焊接件,使膜彼此附接。如本文所用之「傳導熱密封裝置」包含適合之結構、機制及控制(i)加熱密封條且獨立地控制密封條之各者之溫度,(ii)在打開位置與閉合位置之間將密封條彼此移向及移離,及(iii)施加密封壓力且控制密封壓力及密封壓力持續時間以將膜彼此焊接,由此由PE基膜結構形成密封件。
再次參考圖1,應理解,第二密封條202具有與第一密封條102相同之組件,其中第一密封條102之描述同等地適用於第二密封條202。第二密封條202之參考數字與第一密封條102之組件的參考數字相同,應理解第二密封條202之組件將以數字「2」開始。舉例而言,第二密封條202為具有與第一密封條102相同之結構及幾何形狀的第二個密封條,第二密封條202相對於第一密封條102以鏡像方式安置。第二密封條202具有與第一密封條102相同之結構,且密封條「202」的參考數字中的第一位數「2」指代「第二」第二密封條202。
第一密封條102包含具有平坦前表面106之基座構件104。對應地,第二密封條202具有基座構件204,所述基座構件具有平坦前表面206。在一替代性實施例中,如本領域中已知,基座構件104及204可各自具有鋸齒狀或刻花表面。應瞭解,除見於圖1所示之實例中的平坦表面之外或代替所述平坦表面,第一密封條102及/或第二密封條202可具有不同及/或額外表面組態。舉例而言,第一密封條102及/或第二密封條202可各自進一步包含相對於平坦前表面106及平坦前表面206的平坦凹面,以使得配件能夠用於製造具有如本文所提供之PE基膜結構之物件。如所述,平坦凹面應足以允許密封條與收縮配件及內部膜閉合,且在密封條之凹面處亦提供 與配件及膜之接觸壓力。對於各種實施例,配件之一實例包含管狀構件,其為用於傳輸可流動材料之細長空心圓筒。
另外, 基座構件104及204可視需要具有非平坦前表面。舉例而言,基座構件104可具有接受基座構件204之對應凸面的凹面。基座構件104及204之其他形狀及/或組態係可能的。亦應瞭解,如在圖1中所見,第一密封條102及第二密封條202不必具有線性或直線組態(曲率半徑為0),但可具有非零曲率半徑以便提供具有彎曲組態之基座構件104及204。除其它以外,此等彎曲組態可包含(但不限於)圓弧、半圓、圓(例如,完整圓)、半扁圓、扁圓(完全扁圓)、半橢圓形以及橢圓形(例如,排除圓之完全橢圓形)。
在一實施例中,平坦前表面106及206可各自具有相同寬度,沿平坦前表面106及206之縱軸垂直截取2.0 mm至25 mm。對於平坦正面106及206之寬度,其他範圍及/或值係可能的。實例包含(但不限於)2.0 mm、4.0 mm、6.0 mm、8.0 mm、10.0 mm、12.0 mm、14.0 mm、16.0 mm、18.0 mm、20.0 mm、22.0 mm、24.0 mm及25.0 mm。
傳導熱密封裝置100包含第一密封條102及第二密封條202。第一密封條102及第二密封條202具有與先前所揭示之相同或大體上相同之結構、幾何形狀及構造。如圖1所示,第一密封條102與第二密封條202彼此對置以使得第一密封條102之平坦前表面106面向第二密封條202之平坦前表面206。第二密封條202相對於第一密封條102呈鏡像定向。
在替代實施例中,傳導熱密封裝置可呈枕型包裝機之形式,用於使PE基膜結構形成枕形以用作枕形包裝袋。如本領域中熟習此項技術者所瞭解,枕型包裝機可為如已知的立式枕型包裝機(連續立式包裝器)。在此實施例中,製袋導向器(bag making guide)使PE基膜結構成形為圍繞輸入管之外圓周之圓柱形,認為所得枕形包裝袋之含有物得到分配。使用傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條及第二密封條沿PE基膜結構之重疊部分形成密封件,以在產生圓柱形之枕形包裝袋中形成立式密封件。在此實施例中,形成立式密封件之第一密封密封「條」及第二密封密封「條」分別組態為第一密封「輥」及第二密封「輥」,兩者在形成立式密封件時均提供熱及壓力。如本文中所論述,第一密封輥(亦即,第一密封條)及第二密封輥(亦即,第二密封條)之操作溫度可獨立地控制及設定以允許形成根據本揭示案之密封件。相對於圓柱形之枕形包裝袋的縱軸側向安置的傳導熱密封裝置之第二對密封條隨後用於在橫向方向上之指定位置在圓柱形膜中形成密封件,從而形成側向密封件。如本文中所論述,用於在側向方向上形成密封件之第一密封條及第二密封條可獨立地控制及設定以允許形成根據本揭示案之密封件。切割裝置隨後用於切割由傳導熱密封裝置之第二對密封條熱密封的側向密封件區域。可在形成側向密封件之同時完成切割。其他已知的傳導熱密封裝置可使用本揭示案之方法。
對於本文所提供之各種實施例,在傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條與第二密封條之間由聚乙烯基膜結構之表面形成密封件包含,使聚乙烯基膜結構與傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條及第二密封條接觸0.1至3秒範圍內之密封停留時間以形成密封件。其他密封停留時間包含自0.2秒、或0.5秒、或0.75秒、至3.0秒、或2.0秒、或1.0秒之持續時間。
在形成密封件時藉由第一密封條及第二密封條施加之壓力(密封力)可為1兆帕斯卡(MPa)至2 MPa。其他密封壓力包含自1 MPa、或1.1 MPa、或1.2 MPa、或1.3 MPa、至2 MPa、或1.9 MPa、或1.8 MPa、或1.7 MPa之壓力。其他密封停留時間及/或壓力係可能的,其中用於形成密封件之密封停留時間之持續時間及/或壓力的值可隨聚乙烯基膜結構的組成及/或聚乙烯基膜結構的厚度而變化。
如本文所論述,本揭示案提供一種用於由PE基膜結構形成密封件之方法,所述方法使PE膜極少收縮至不收縮,由此減少或消除在PE基膜結構中形成皺紋。由PE基膜結構形成密封件之方法包含提供PE基膜結構,其中聚乙烯基膜結構具有至少一個由具有預定熔融溫度(Tm )之定向聚乙烯形成之層;提供具有如本文所論述之第一密封條102及第二密封條202之傳導熱密封裝置100以提供熱以形成密封件;在比形成聚乙烯基膜結構之至少一個層的定向聚乙烯之Tm 低至少10攝氏度(℃)的第一操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置100之第一密封條102;在比第一密封條102之操作溫度高至少15℃的第二操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置100之第二密封條202;及用傳導熱密封裝置100之第一密封條及第二密封條由聚乙烯基膜結構形成密封件。
如上文所述,如圖1所示,本方法包含將PE基膜結構安置在對向密封條102與202之間。本方法包含用對向經加熱之密封條由PE基膜結構形成密封件。術語「密封」或「形成密封件」為以下行為:將PE基膜結構與對向密封條102及202之重疊部分壓縮,使得重疊PE基膜結構之對向部分彼此在壓力下及在如由對向密封條102及202提供之熱下接觸或以其他方式接觸。傳導熱密封裝置包含適合的結構及機制以使密封條102及202彼此移向或移離,以便進行如本文中所揭示之熱密封程序。
對於各種實施例,可修改密封條操作溫度,其中在第一操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條的方法包含,在比形成聚乙烯基膜結構之至少一個層的定向聚乙烯之Tm 低至少15℃的第一操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條;且其中在第二操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第二密封條包含,在比第一密封條之操作溫度高至少25℃的第二操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第二密封條。操作密封條之其他溫度值亦為可能的,其中傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條在比形成聚乙烯基膜結構之至少一個層的定向聚乙烯之Tm 低的此溫度下操作,且傳導熱密封裝置之第二密封條在高於形成聚乙烯基膜結構之至少一個層的定向聚乙烯之Tm 的此溫度下操作,其中用於第一密封條及第二密封條之精確溫度基於當由聚乙烯基膜結構形成之密封件時是否形成皺紋來確定。
由本揭示案之聚乙烯基膜結構形成的密封件保留其在形成密封件前之初始表面積的至少99%。在一額外實施例中,由聚乙烯基膜結構形成之密封件的表面積可為在形成密封件時接觸聚乙烯基膜結構之第一密封條與第二密封條之表面積的至少90%。雖然不希望受理論所束縛,但咸信防止沿密封件之變形(例如皺紋)的能力與防止或最小化形成密封件之聚乙烯基膜結構中定向聚乙烯的至少一部分熔融或實現在密封製程期間聚乙烯基膜結構變形之溫度有關。咸信此係藉由以下實現:使傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條在低於形成聚乙烯基膜結構之至少一個層的定向聚乙烯之Tm (如本文所提供)之溫度下操作,以便幫助穩定與第二密封條(其在高於定向聚乙烯Tm 之溫度下操作)一起形成之密封件之形狀及尺寸。咸信此穩定化有助於減少或消除密封件的變形,若密封條均在相同溫度下或極接近形成聚乙烯基膜結構之至少一個層的定向聚乙烯Tm 下操作,則會發生此種情況。
對於本文所提供的各種實施例,根據本揭示案形成的密封件的密封強度可為20 N/吋(7.87 N/cm)至200 N/吋(78.74 N/cm)。在一額外實施例中,根據本揭示案形成的密封件的密封強度可為5 N/吋(1.97 N/cm)至25 N/吋(9.84 N/cm),所述密封件適合用於「容易」剝離的包裝應用。密封強度測試如本申請案之實例部分中所描述。
適用於本揭示案之聚乙烯基膜結構包含至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層。對於本文所提供之各種實施例,聚乙烯基膜結構之結構單元的至少50%來自聚乙烯。或者,聚乙烯基膜結構之結構單元的至少70%來自聚乙烯。如本文中所論述,用於形成至少一個層之定向聚乙烯可為雙軸定向聚乙烯。或者,用於形成至少一個層之定向聚乙烯可為單軸定向聚乙烯。亦有可能的是,聚乙烯基膜結構包含雙軸定向聚乙烯之至少一個層及單軸定向聚乙烯之至少一個層。
聚乙烯基膜結構亦可由單層形成。換言之,聚乙烯基膜結構為單層結構。對於單層結構,聚乙烯基膜結構僅由雙軸定向聚乙烯之單層形成或僅由單軸定向聚乙烯之單層形成。換言之,聚乙烯基膜結構形成為僅具有定向聚乙烯之單層結構。對於此類實施例,用於形成單層結構之聚乙烯基聚合物可選自由以下組成之群組:LDPE、LLDPE、ULDPE、VLDPE、MDPE及HDPE中之任一者之均聚物或互聚物(例如共聚物)。
對於各種實施例,定向聚乙烯層可沿縱向以2:1至9:1之拉伸比定向,或在替代地以3:1至5:1之拉伸比定向。在一些實施例中,定向聚乙烯層可沿橫向以1:1至10:1之拉伸比定向,或在替代地以3:1至8:1之拉伸比定向。在一些實施例中,定向聚乙烯層係雙軸定向的,其中雙軸定向聚乙烯係沿縱向以2:1至9:1之拉伸比定向且沿橫向以1:1至10:1之拉伸比定向。在其他實施例中,定向聚乙烯層經單軸定向,其中單軸定向聚乙烯沿縱向以2:1至9:1之拉伸比定向或以1:1至10:1之拉伸比沿橫向定向。
在一額外實施例中,聚乙烯基膜結構可為由相同的聚乙烯基聚合物形成之多層結構(例如,由兩層或更多層形成),其中層中之至少一者為如本文所提供之定向聚乙烯層。對於此類實施例,用於形成多層結構之聚乙烯基聚合物可選自由以下組成之群組:LDPE、LLDPE、ULDPE、VLDPE、MDPE及HDPE中之任一者之均聚物或互聚物(例如共聚物)。
或者,聚乙烯基膜結構為多層結構(例如由兩層或更多層形成),其中層中之至少一者為如本文所提供之定向聚乙烯層。形成聚乙烯基膜結構之多層結構的兩層或更多層可由相同的聚乙烯基聚合物形成,其中兩層或更多層中之至少一者為如本文所論述之定向聚乙烯。在另一實施例中,用於聚乙烯基膜結構的多層結構包含由第一聚乙烯基聚合物形成之至少一個層及由第二聚乙烯基聚合物形成之至少一個層,其中相比於第二聚乙烯基聚合物,第一聚乙烯基聚合物為不同的結構形式及/或聚乙烯基聚合物的組成形式。舉例而言,第一聚乙烯基聚合物可選自由以下組成之群組:LDPE、LLDPE、ULDPE、VLDPE、MDPE及HDPE中之任一者之均聚物或互聚物(例如共聚物),而第二聚乙烯基聚合物選自在去除選擇用於第一聚乙烯基聚合物之聚乙烯基聚合物之後剩餘之群組。
或者,第一聚乙烯基聚合物可選自由以下組成之群組:LDPE、LLDPE、ULDPE、VLDPE、MDPE及HDPE中之任一者之均聚物或互聚物(例如共聚物),而第二聚乙烯基聚合物選自相同群組,但第二聚乙烯基聚合物的結構形式或組成形式中之任一者不同於第一聚乙烯基聚合物。舉例而言,第一聚乙烯基聚合物可為密度為0.920 g/cm3 之LDPE均聚物,而第二聚乙烯基聚合物亦為LDPE均聚物,但其密度為0.940 g/cm3
聚乙烯基膜結構可使用本領域中熟習此項技術者已知之技術形成為多層結構。舉例而言,對於可進行共擠壓之彼等層,此類層可使用本領域中熟習此項技術者已知之技術共擠壓為吹製膜或鑄造膜。特定言之,基於本文所揭示之不同膜層之組成,吹製膜製造線及鑄造膜製造線可經組態以共擠壓多層結構以提供本文所論述之聚乙烯基膜結構。此類共擠壓可在單一步驟中實現,若需要,使用本領域中熟習此項技術者已知之技術實現。
在一些實施例中,定向聚乙烯層可使用依序雙軸定向製程,如拉幅機定向製程來雙軸定向。此類技術一般為本領域中熟習此項技術者已知。在其他實施例中,定向聚乙烯層可使用本領域中熟習此項技術者已知之其他技術,諸如同步雙軸定向製程,如二次起泡方法來雙軸定向。在其他實施例中,定向聚乙烯層可使用本領域中熟習此項技術者已知的其他技術(諸如縱向定向方法)來單軸定向。一般而言,在拉幅機依序雙軸定向製程之情況下,拉幅機作為多層共擠壓線之部分併入。在自平口模擠壓之後,使膜在冷卻輥上冷卻,且浸入充滿室溫水之水浴中。隨後將鑄造膜傳遞至具有不同旋轉速度之一系列輥上以實現縱向拉伸。在製造線之MD拉伸區段中存在若干對輥,且均經油加熱。成對輥依序作為預熱輥、拉伸輥及用於鬆弛及退火之輥工作。單獨控制各對輥之溫度。沿縱向拉伸之後,將膜網傳遞至具有加熱區之拉幅機熱空氣烘箱中以進行橫向拉伸。前若干區用於預熱,後續區用於拉伸,且隨後最終區用於退火。藉由沿縱向方向或橫向中的僅一者上拉伸來實現單軸定向。
具有多層結構之聚乙烯基膜結構之實施例亦可呈層壓物之形式。在此類實施例中,層壓物包括至少一個為如本文所提供之定向聚乙烯層之層。將一或多個額外層層壓至定向聚乙烯層,其中一或多個額外層可例如由選自由以下組成之群組的聚乙烯基聚合物形成:LDPE、LLDPE、ULDPE、VLDPE、MDPE及HDPE中之任一者之均聚物或互聚物(例如共聚物)。額外層中之一或多者必要時可為如本文所提供之定向聚乙烯層。聚乙烯基膜結構之層壓可使用本領域中熟習此項技術者已知的技術實現,諸如乾式層壓、無溶劑層壓、擠壓層壓及其他技術。
對於各種實施例,具有多層結構之聚乙烯基膜結構可包含黏著層及密封劑層,其中密封劑層藉由黏著層層壓至由定向聚乙烯形成之至少一個層。對於此類實施例,第二密封條之第二操作溫度大於密封劑層之熱密封起始溫度。對於本文所提供之多層結構之實施例,至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層可形成聚乙烯基膜結構之表層。
一般而言,黏著層可包括適用於將密封劑膜層壓至聚乙烯膜之任何黏著劑。黏著層可包括無溶劑黏著劑、水性黏著劑或溶劑性黏著劑。基於本文中之教示,可使用本領域中熟習此項技術者已知之技術,使用乾式或濕式或無溶劑層壓方法層壓雙軸定向聚乙烯膜與密封劑膜。
黏著層之重量或厚度可視多種因素而定,包含例如雙軸定向聚乙烯膜之厚度、密封劑膜之厚度、多層結構之所需厚度、所用黏著劑之類型及其他因素。在一些實施例中,黏著層施加至高達5.0 公克/ m2 、或1.0至4.0 公克/m2 、或2.0至3.0 公克/m2
聚乙烯可為尤其期望的,因為其可准許黏著層與密封劑層共擠壓。在此類實施例中,基於本文中之教示,黏著層可包括本領域中熟習此項技術者已知的適用作多層膜中之層的聚乙烯。舉例而言,在一些實施例中,可用於黏著層中之聚乙烯可為超低密度聚乙烯(ULDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、線性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、高熔融強度高密度聚乙烯(HMS-HDPE)、超高密度聚乙烯(UHDPE)、強化聚乙烯及其他聚乙烯,包含其摻合物。
一般而言,密封劑層可由本領域中熟習此項技術者已知之聚乙烯或聚乙烯摻合物形成。聚乙烯可為尤其期望的,因為其可准許密封劑層與黏著層共擠壓。在此類實施例中,基於本文中之教示,密封劑層可包括本領域中熟習此項技術者已知的適用作多層膜中之層的聚乙烯。舉例而言,在一些實施例中,可用於密封劑層中之聚乙烯可為超低密度聚乙烯(ULDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、線性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、高熔融強度高密度聚乙烯(HMS-HDPE)、超高密度聚乙烯(UHDPE)、強化聚乙烯及其他聚乙烯,包含其摻合物。
對於各種實施例,定向聚乙烯(例如雙軸定向聚乙烯及/或單軸定向聚乙烯)密度可為0.910至0.970 g/cm3 。自0.910 g/cm3 至0.970 g/cm3 之所有個別值及子域均包含於本文中且揭示於本文中;例如,定向聚乙烯之密度可為自0.910、0.913、0.915、0.918、0.920、0.922、0.925、0.928或0.930 g/cm3 之下限至0.940、0.950、0.960、0.965或0.970 g/cm3 之上限。在一些實施例中,定向聚乙烯可為LLDPE或MDPE,密度為0.910至0.940 g/cm3
應理解,用於聚乙烯基膜結構的前述層中之任一者可進一步包括如本領域中熟習此項技術者已知的一或多種添加劑,諸如抗氧化劑、紫外光穩定劑、熱穩定劑、助滑劑、防黏劑、抗靜電劑、顏料或著色劑、加工助劑、交聯催化劑、阻燃劑、填充劑及發泡劑。
包括本文所揭示之層之組合的聚乙烯基膜結構可具有多種厚度,其視例如層數目、膜之預期用途及其他因素而定。在一些實施例中,本揭示案之多層膜之厚度為15至200微米(通常30-100微米)。在一些實施例中,視例如最終用途應用而定,可使用本領域中熟習此項技術者已知之技術電暈處理或印刷定向聚乙烯層。
本揭示案之實施例亦提供由如本文所提供之之聚乙烯基膜結構形成的物件。如本領域中已知,此類物件之實例可包含枕形小袋、3邊密封袋、4邊密封袋及直立小袋。此類物件之其他實例包含包裝、軟包裝及小袋(除直立小袋以外)。在一些實施例中,本揭示案之物件可容納液體、散劑、食品或其他物品。鑒於本文中之教示,本揭示案之物件及包裝可使用本領域中熟習此項技術者已知之技術由本文所揭示之多層膜或層壓物形成。
以下為本揭示案之實施例:
實施例1,一種由聚乙烯基膜結構形成密封件之方法,其包括:提供聚乙烯基膜結構,其中聚乙烯基膜結構具有至少一個由具有預定熔融溫度(Tm )之定向聚乙烯形成之層;提供具有第一密封條及第二密封條之傳導熱密封裝置以提供熱來形成密封件;在比形成聚乙烯基膜結構之至少一個層的定向聚乙烯之Tm 低至少10攝氏度(℃)的第一操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條;在比第一密封條之操作溫度高至少15℃的第二操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第二密封條;及用傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條及第二密封條由聚乙烯基膜結構形成密封件。
實施例2,如實施例1所述之方法,其中在第一操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條包含,在比形成聚乙烯基膜結構之至少一個層的定向聚乙烯之Tm 低至少15℃的第一操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條中;且在第二操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第二密封條包含,在比第一密封條之操作溫度高至少25℃的第二操作溫度下操作傳導熱密封裝置之第二密封條。
實施例3,如實施例1至2中任一項所述之方法,其中提供具有至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層的聚乙烯基膜結構包含,提供具有至少一個由雙軸定向聚乙烯形成之層的聚乙烯基膜結構。
實施例4,如實施例1至3所述之方法,其中所述雙軸定向聚乙烯以2:1至9:1之拉伸比沿縱向及以1:1至10:1之拉伸比沿橫向定向。
實施例5,如實施例1所述之方法,其中提供具有至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層的聚乙烯基膜結構包含,提供具有至少一個由單軸定向聚乙烯形成之層的聚乙烯基膜結構。
實施例6,如實施例1至5中任一項所述之方法,其中定向聚乙烯密度為0.910至0.970 g/cm3
實施例7,如實施例1至6中任一項所述之方法,其中定向聚乙烯包括密度為0.910至0.940 g/cm3 之線性低密度或中密度聚乙烯。
實施例8,如實施例1至7中任一項所述之方法,其中提供聚乙烯基膜結構包含提供厚度為30微米至200微米(µm)之聚乙烯基膜結構。
實施例9,如實施例1至8中任一項所述之方法,其中提供聚乙烯基膜結構包含提供僅由定向聚乙烯形成之聚乙烯基膜結構。
實施例10,如實施例1至9中任一項所述之方法,其中提供聚乙烯基膜結構包含提供具有單層結構之聚乙烯基膜結構,所述單層結構僅由至少一個定向聚乙烯層中之一者形成。
實施例11,如實施例1至8中任一項所述之方法,其中提供聚乙烯基膜結構包含提供具有多層結構之聚乙烯基膜結構,所述多層結構由至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層形成。
實施例12,如實施例11所述之方法,其中至少一個用定向聚乙烯形成之層形成聚乙烯基膜結構之表層。
實施例13,如實施例11所述之方法,其中多層結構進一步包含黏著層及密封劑層,其中密封劑層藉由黏著層層壓至至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層。
實施例14,如實施例13所述之方法,其中第二密封條之第二操作溫度大於密封劑層之熱密封起始溫度。
實施例15,如實施例1至14中任一項所述之方法,其中提供具有至少一個由定向聚乙烯形成之層的聚乙烯基膜結構包含,提供聚乙烯基膜結構,其中聚乙烯基膜結構之結構單元的至少50%係來自聚乙烯。
實施例16,如實施例1至15中任一項所述之方法,其中在傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條與第二密封條之間由聚乙烯基膜結構之表面形成密封件包含,使聚乙烯基膜結構與傳導熱密封裝置之第一密封條及第二密封條接觸0.1秒至3秒範圍內之密封停留時間,以形成密封件。
實施例17,一種物件,其包括使用實施例1至16中任一項所述之方法形成的聚乙烯基膜結構。
實施例18,如實施例17所述之物件,其中由聚乙烯基膜結構形成之密封件保留其在形成密封件前之初始表面積的至少99%。
實施例19,如實施例17所述之物件,其中由聚乙烯基膜結構形成之密封件的表面積為在形成密封件時接觸聚乙烯基膜結構之第一密封條及第二密封條之表面積的至少90%。
實施例20,如實施例17至19中任一項所述之物件,其中密封件之密封強度為5 N/吋(1.97 N/cm)至25 N/吋(9.84 N/cm)。
實施例21,如實施例17至19中任一項所述之物件,其中密封件之密封強度為2 0 N/吋(7.87 N/cm)至200 N/吋(78.74 N/cm)。
實施例22,如實施例17至21中任一項所述之物件,其中物件係選自由以下組成之群組:枕形小袋、3邊密封袋、4邊密封袋及直立小袋。現將在以下實例中詳細描述本揭示案之一些實施例。實例
在實例中,使用材料之各種術語及名稱,包含例如以下:
實例中所使用之雙軸定向聚乙烯(BOPE)膜為厚度為25微米(定向後)之模式輕質PE膜(DL),可購自廣東德冠薄膜新材料股份有限公司(Guangdong Decro Film New Materials CO. Ltd.)。
使用DSC微差掃描熱量法(differential scanning calorimetry, DSC)測試定向PE膜之熔點(Tm )。將定向膜切割成較小碎片且以10毫克裝入DSC Q2000(TA Instruments)中之樣品單元中。在10℃/min下進行冷卻至-80℃之前,在10℃/min下進行第一次加熱至200℃。隨後在10℃/min下進行第二次加熱至200℃。在最高溫度下之熔融吸熱峰值視為定向PE膜之熔點(Tm )。
BOPE膜之測試遵循上文所提供之方法。在最高溫度下之熔融吸熱峰值視為BOPE膜之熔點(Tm)。實例中所提供之BOPE之Tm 測試為126.2℃。
吹製PE膜。吹製PE膜調配物列於表1中。使用BUR=2.1;模具間隙=2.5 mm;模具直徑=500 mm;輸出=300 kg/h;及牽引速度=34.7 m/min之Reifenhauser吹製膜生產線,以自表1中之調配物形成厚度為50 µm的吹製PE膜。 表1 吹製PE膜調配物
結構 調配物
層壓層 15 µm 75% LL0220 AA + 24.5% Lupolen 2420H + 0.5% PEA-3S PPA
核心層 20 µm
密封劑層 15 µm 75% ELITE AT 6202 +24%  Lotrene LDPE FD0274 +1% PEA-3S PPA
百分比為以層之總重量計之重量百分比。LL0220 AA為可購自上海賽科(Secco)的LLDPE。Lupolen 2420H為可購自LyondellBasell的LDPE。PEA-3S PPA為可獲得的AVI聚合物之加工助劑。ELITE™ AT 6202為乙烯-辛烯共聚物,可購自Dow Chemical Company。Lotrene LDPE FD0274為可購自Qatar Petrochemical的LDPE。
實例描述使用BOPE/吹製PE之BOPE/PE層壓物在膜及小袋上的效能。使用LABO Combi 400層壓機(Nordmeccanica Group),將BOPE膜與吹製PE膜層壓以形成BOPE/PE層壓物。將線速設定為50 m/min,固體黏著劑量為3公克/平方公尺(gsm)。黏著劑使用Adcote 563EA/CR750(Dow Chemical Company)。在50±1℃下在烘箱中固化層壓物3天。
使用J&B hot-tack Tester Model 4000(Vived Management NV)以熱密封膜。只在密封模式下操作J&B hot-tack Tester Model 4000,不使用4毫米(mm)的密封條拉伸。將膜樣品帶保持在25.4 mm,沿MD切割,且以鰭密封模式(fin seal mode)(兩個膜之密封劑層彼此接觸)沿CD密封。在測試密封強度或收縮水準之前,在受控環境下使所有密封帶老化24小時(23±2℃,55±5相對濕度)。
使用具有可更換密封夾片(深度分別為25.4 mm、10 mm及3.1 mm)的實驗室規模的封口機SL-02(TMI)製造小袋。將小袋分別製造為具有兩個CD邊及一個MD邊密封的3邊密封袋。在觀察之前,在受控環境(23±2℃,55±5相對濕度)下使小袋老化24小時。
對於所有上文所提及之密封操作,用鐵氟龍塗層網(Teflon coated web)(Chukoh,120微米)覆蓋所有密封夾片表面。保持密封壓力為0.5 MPa且停留時間為0.5秒。藉由比較(對稱)及本發明(不對稱)密封條件分別設定密封溫度。
定性及定量地研究密封膜之變形。根據密封區域310之收縮以及整個膜帶300之皺紋評估密封樣品之外觀。如圖2所示,為了定量收縮,量測膜帶之最小寬度(沿著CD收縮邊緣輪廓切線之間的距離)。計算收縮率如下: Sᴵᴵ=(W0-W1)/W0×100
其中Sᴵᴵ為與密封夾片長度方向(CD)平行之收縮比;W0為初始帶寬度;且W1為熱密封後的帶寬度。針對各資料點重複測試3至8個樣品。
在拉力機(Type5943,INSTRON)上在T型剝離下以500 mm/min之拉動速度下測試密封強度。直接測試膜帶樣品對於小袋樣品,首先垂直地切割密封區域以獲得25.4 mm(1吋)條帶且隨後進行測試。將樣品夾持在兩個未密封尾部上且剝離。記錄最大負載作為密封強度。針對各資料點重複測試3個樣品。
BOPE/PE層壓物之熱密封窗口定義為給予充分密封強度同時不引發不可接受的膜變形之操作溫度範圍。實際上對於小袋應用,高於40 N/吋之密封強度係足夠的,且因此將密封件達至此強度值之溫度定義為密封窗口之下限。更嚴格地,如圖3A及3B所示,此下限可定義為其中強度達到平線區之起始溫度。發現膜在3%之收縮水準下之可觀察到起皺,且因此收縮達到此水準之溫度定義為密封窗口之上限。
比較實例及本發明實例中關於膜之溫度設定分別概述於表2及表3中。且與收縮水準及密封強度相關之密封窗口展示於圖3A及3B中。根據密封強度達到平線區同時收縮水準低於3%之情況,將密封窗口加陰影以供比較。已發現,藉由如比較實施例A中之習知(對稱)密封條件(圖3A)下,幾乎不可獲得任何密封窗口。而藉由施加不對稱密封條件下,獲得大於25℃之密封窗口(圖3B)。 表2 比較實例A中之溫度(T)設定
上部密封條T(℃) 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170
下部密封條T(℃) 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170
表3 本發明實例1中之溫度(T)設定
上部密封條T(℃) 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210
下部密封條T(℃) 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90
在習知及不對稱密封條件下進行比較實施例B及本發明實施例2,以自BOPE/PE層壓物製得全PE小袋。密封條件分別展示於表4及表5中。圖4A及4B分別展示在比較實例B(圖4A)及本發明實例2(圖4B)中製得之小袋的影像。在圖4A中,藉由在110℃之密封溫度下的習知密封條件製得之小袋(左側影像)係足夠強的(密封強度恰好達到40 N/吋),且外觀良好,在密封區域周圍無可觀察的起皺。在135℃下製得之小袋(右側影像)在所有密封邊處已展示顯著的收縮及起皺。皺紋實際上在大約125℃下出現,且密封窗口小於15℃。在圖4B中,藉由在125℃之密封溫度下不對稱密封條件製得之小袋(左側影像)係足夠強的(密封強度恰好達到40 N/吋),且外觀良好,在密封區域周圍無可觀察的起皺。在160℃(中間影像)下製得之小袋在所有密封邊處僅展示極少的輕微起皺。在190℃製得之小袋(右側影像)在所有密封邊處已展示顯著的收縮及起皺,其與在135℃之習知密封下製得之小袋的外觀相當。皺紋實際上在約170℃下出現,且密封窗口係約45℃。 表4 比較實例B中之溫度(T)設定
上部密封條T(℃) 110 135
下部密封條T(℃) 110 135
表5 本發明實例2中的溫度(T)設定
上部密封條T(℃) 125 160 190
下部密封條T(℃) 90 90 90
100:導電熱密封裝置 102:第一密封條 104:基座構件 106:前表面 202:第二密封條 204:基座構件 206:前表面 300:膜帶 310:密封區域
圖1為根據本揭示案之一實施例的對向密封條之透視圖。
圖2為膜帶圖示,其展示根據本揭示案之實例部分中所提供之測試方法量測膜帶中密封區域之最小寬度的位置。
圖3A及3B提供根據比較實例A(對稱或習知的密封方法,其中兩個密封條具有相同溫度)之密封條密封溫度之密封強度及TD收縮資料,及根據本發明實例1(不對稱密封,其中每個密封條具有根據本揭示案設定之溫度)之密封條密封溫度密封強度及TD收縮資料。
圖4A及4B提供具有使用習知密封條件形成之密封件的比較實例B、本發明實例2:不對稱密封條件的影像,圖3 3邊密封小袋之影像。

Claims (22)

  1. 一種由一聚乙烯基膜結構形成一密封件之方法,其包括: 提供所述聚乙烯基膜結構,其中所述聚乙烯基膜結構具有至少一個由具有預定熔融溫度(Tm )的定向聚乙烯形成之層; 提供一具有一第一密封條及一第二密封條之傳導熱密封裝置以提供熱來形成所述密封件; 在比形成所述聚乙烯基膜結構中之至少一個層的所述定向聚乙烯之所述Tm 低至少10攝氏度(℃)的第一操作溫度下操作所述傳導熱密封裝置之所述第一密封條; 在比所述第一密封條之所述操作溫度高至少15℃的第二操作溫度下操作所述傳導熱密封裝置之所述第二密封條;及 用所述傳導熱密封裝置之所述第一密封條及所述第二密封條由所述聚乙烯基膜結構形成所述密封件。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中在所述第一操作溫度下操作所述傳導熱密封裝置之所述第一密封條包含,在比形成所述聚乙烯基膜結構中之至少一個層的所述定向聚乙烯之所述Tm 低至少15℃的所述第一操作溫度下操作所述傳導熱密封裝置之所述第一密封條;及 在所述第二操作溫度下操作所述傳導熱密封裝置之所述第二密封條包含,在比所述第一密封條之所述操作溫度高至少25℃的所述第二操作溫度下操作所述傳導熱密封裝置之所述第二密封條。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項至第2項中任一項所述之方法,其中提供具有所述至少一個由所述定向聚乙烯形成之層的所述聚乙烯基膜結構包含,提供具有至少一個由雙軸定向聚乙烯形成之層的所述聚乙烯基膜結構。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項至第3項所述之方法,其中所述雙軸定向聚乙烯以2:1至9:1之拉伸比沿縱向及以1:1至10:1之拉伸比沿橫向定向。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中提供具有所述至少一個由所述定向聚乙烯形成之層的所述聚乙烯基膜結構包含,提供具有至少一個由單軸定向聚乙烯形成之層的所述聚乙烯基膜結構。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項至第5項中任一項所述之方法,其中所述定向聚乙烯之密度為0.910至0.970 g/cm3
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項至第6項中任一項所述之方法,其中所述定向聚乙烯包括密度為0.910至0.940 g/cm3 之線性低密度或中密度聚乙烯。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項至第7項中任一項所述之方法,其中提供所述聚乙烯基膜結構包含,提供厚度為30至200微米(µm)之所述聚乙烯基膜結構。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第1項至第8項中任一項所述之方法,其中提供所述聚乙烯基膜結構包含,提供僅由所述定向聚乙烯形成之所述聚乙烯基膜結構。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項至第9項中任一項所述之方法,其中提供所述聚乙烯基膜結構包含,提供具有一單層結構之所述聚乙烯基膜結構,所述單層結構僅由至少一個定向聚乙烯層中之一者形成。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第1項至第8項中任一項所述之方法,其中提供所述聚乙烯基膜結構包含,提供具有一多層結構之所述聚乙烯基膜結構,所述多層結構由至少一個由所述定向聚乙烯形成之層形成。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之方法,其中所述至少一個由所述定向聚乙烯形成之層形成所述聚乙烯基膜結構的表層。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之方法,其中所述多層結構進一步包含一黏著層及一密封劑層,其中所述密封劑層藉由所述黏著層層壓至所述至少一個由所述定向聚乙烯形成之層。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第13項所述之方法,其中所述第二密封條之所述第二操作溫度大於所述密封劑層之熱密封起始溫度。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第1項至第14項中任一項所述之方法,其中提供具有所述至少一個由所述定向聚乙烯形成之層的所述聚乙烯基膜結構包含,提供所述聚乙烯基膜結構,其中所述聚乙烯基膜結構之結構單元的至少50%係來自聚乙烯。
  16. 如申請專利範圍第1項至第15項中任一項所述之方法,其中在所述傳導熱密封裝置之所述第一密封條與所述第二密封條之間由所述聚乙烯基膜結構之表面形成所述密封件包含,使所述聚乙烯基膜結構與所述傳導熱密封裝置之所述第一密封條及所述第二密封條接觸0.1秒至3秒範圍內之密封停留時間,以形成所述密封件。
  17. 一種物件,其包括使用如申請專利範圍第1項至第16項中任一項所述之方法形成的所述聚乙烯基膜結構。
  18. 如申請專利範圍第17項所述之物件,其中由所述聚乙烯基膜結構形成之密封件保留其在形成所述密封件前之初始表面積的至少99%。
  19. 如申請專利範圍第17項所述之物件,其中由所述聚乙烯基膜結構形成之所述密封件的表面積為,在形成所述密封件時接觸所述聚乙烯基膜結構之第一密封條及第二密封條之表面積的至少90%。
  20. 如申請專利範圍第17項至第19項中任一項所述之物件,其中所述密封件之密封強度為5 N/吋(1.97 N/cm)至25 N/吋(9.84 N/cm)。
  21. 如申請專利範圍第17項至第19項中任一項所述之物件,其中所述密封件之密封強度為20 N/吋(7.87 N/cm)至200 N/吋(78.74 N/cm)。
  22. 如申請專利範圍第17項至第21項中任一項所述之物件,其中所述物件係選自由以下組成之群組:枕形小袋、3邊密封袋、4邊密封袋及直立小袋。
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