TW202010220A - Outer rotor-type motor and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are: an outer rotor-type motor that has a bobbin attachment structure in which bobbins can be simply attached to a stator and there is no danger of damage to engagement parts of the bobbins in use, even when strongly holding the stator, and that has an excellent heat dissipation effect; and an electric vehicle provided with the outer rotor-type motor. This outer rotor-type motor has: a stator core having a plurality of teeth in a radial shape on the outer diameter side of an annular base part; a stator center and a stator guide that sandwich the stator core from both axial sides and position the stator core; and bobbins around which coils are wound and which are attached to the plurality of teeth of the stator core. In a state in which the bobbins are attached to the stator core, engagement pieces provided to the stator center and the stator guide are inserted into engagement holes of the bobbins, and the engagement pieces are fixed, with the stator core therebetween.

Description

Outer rotor type motor and electric vehicle

The invention relates to an outer rotor type motor and an electric vehicle.

At present, there are In-wheel motors that install the driving motors of electric vehicles in the rims. This rim motor does not have the energy loss caused by the previous gear or transmission shaft, so it can be expected to improve the driving efficiency or the endurance. As a rim motor, an outer rotor type (outer transition) motor with a permanent magnet rotating, the stator is composed of an annular yoke and an iron core having several teeth on its outer diameter side. The stator coil wound around the tooth may be directly wound around the tooth, and may be wound around the bobbin before inserting the bobbin into the tooth.

In the case of using a spool, when the spool moves in the radial direction during the use of the motor, the spool will contact the rotating outer rotor and cause a major failure, so it is necessary to firmly fix the spool to the teeth. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a bobbin structure in a motor having a motor base and a motor bracket. The motor base and the motor bracket are used to fix the bobbin mounted on the stator. The motor base and the motor bracket are wrapped on both sides in the axial direction The stator is clamped to support the stator.

Patent Document 1 is Japanese Patent No. 6112525.

In the bobbin structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, the bobbin has an engaging portion on the inner diameter side of the stator. When the stator is sandwiched between the motor base and the motor bracket by both sides, the engaging portion of the bobbin is also the motor base and The engaging portion of the motor bracket is sandwiched by both sides, and the spool is fixed by the stator. Therefore, by assembling the motor base and the motor bracket, the spool can be fixed at the same time, preventing the spool from moving in the radial direction.

However, in the bobbin structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, when the motor base and the motor bracket are sandwiched between two sides and the stator is fixed, depending on the dimensional accuracy of the components, the engaging portion provided on the bobbin is also affected by the motor base and the motor The engaging portion of the bracket is sandwiched, so the engaging portion of the bobbin may be subjected to pushing force. Because the rim motor is installed in the wheel of the car, the vibration of the wheel is also directly transmitted to the components of the motor during use. Therefore, the stator of the rim motor needs to be firmly installed on the motor base and the motor bracket. However, if strong force acts on the engaging portion of the spool, the engaging portion of the spool may be damaged during use.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention aims to provide an outer rotor type motor and an electric vehicle equipped with an outer rotor type motor. The outer rotor type motor has a spool mounting structure, and the spool can be simply installed on the stator core even if it is firmly The stator core is held, and there is no possibility of damage to the engaging portion of the bobbin during use, and the heat dissipation effect is excellent.

In order to solve the above problems, the first technical means of the present invention is an outer rotor type motor, including: a stator core having a plurality of teeth radially on the outer diameter side of the annular base; a stator center and a stator guide, The stator core is positioned from both sides in the axial direction; and the bobbin is wound with coils and mounted on the teeth of the stator core, and the axial sides of the inner diameter side of the bobbin are provided with protruding engagement portions , The engaging portion has an engaging hole penetrating in the axial direction, the stator center and the stator guide are respectively provided with a plurality of engaging pieces protruding in the axial direction on the outer peripheral portion, and are mounted on the bobbin In the state of the stator core, the stator center and the engaging piece of the stator guide are inserted into the engaging hole of the bobbin, while the top end of the engaging piece abuts the axial end face of the stator core, The stator core is positioned in the axial direction.

The second technical means is in the first technical means, in a state where the bobbin is mounted on the stator core, the bobbin has two flanges spaced apart in the radial direction, and the axial direction of the flange on the inner diameter side The side part is provided with a notch, and the winding end of the coil is inserted into the notch.

The third technical means is an electric vehicle. The outer rotor type motor of the first or second technical means is provided on the rim of the wheel, and the wheel is directly driven by the outer rotor type motor.

According to the present invention, the bobbin is simply mounted on the stator, and the stator center sandwiched by the stator and the engaging piece provided by the stator guide abut the axial end surface of the stator. Therefore, the engaging portion provided on the bobbin does not It has the function of pushing force, so there is no doubt that the engaging part of the spool will be damaged during use. In addition, through the engaging pieces provided in the stator center and the stator guide, heat from the stator is easily conducted to the stator center and the stator guide, and the heat dissipation effect of the stator is good.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a rotor-type motor and an electric vehicle other than the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the structures marked with the same symbols in different drawings are regarded as the same, and their description will be omitted. In addition, the present invention is not limited to the illustration of these embodiments, but includes all changes within the scope of the matters described in the scope of patent application and within the scope of equality. In addition, as long as several embodiments can be combined, the present invention includes embodiments in any combination.

The following description is based on an example in which a rim motor mounted in a rim of a vehicle is used as an outer rotor type motor. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view when the outer rotor type motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention is configured as a rim motor, and a part of which is simplified and illustrated. The wheels and tires of the vehicle are not shown.

The rim motor 100 is built inside the rim of the wheel of the electric vehicle, and is arranged on the same axis as the axis of the wheel. As shown in FIG. 1, the rim motor 100 has a hub shaft 11, and the unillustrated rim is mounted by a rim mounting hub nut 16 that protrudes from the rim mounting surface. Therefore, from the viewpoint of ensuring the wheel mounting strength of the automobile, the hub axle 11 is made of steel. In addition, a brake clamp 18 is also fixed to the hub axle 11. The hub shaft 11 is rotatably supported via a bearing 17 and can rotate relative to the bearing support member 26. The bearing 17 has several rotating bodies 17c provided between the inner wheel 17a, the outer wheel 17b, and between the inner wheel 17a and the outer wheel 17b. The bearing support member 26 is fixed to the steering knuckle by a nut 27, and the steering knuckle is a car frame member on the vehicle body side not shown. In order to ensure the strength of mounting the rim motor 100 on the vehicle body side, the bearing support member 26 and the hub axle 11 are made of steel. Thereby, the rim motor 100 is installed on the side of the vehicle body not shown, and the hub axle 11 can rotate relative to the vehicle body. The hub axle 11 is arranged on the same axis as the axle of the wheel.

The rotor shell 12 is fixed to the hub shaft 11. The rotor case 12 has a side surface portion 12a and a peripheral edge portion 12b. The side surface portion 12a covers the side surface of the rim mounting side of the rim motor 100. The peripheral edge portion 12b extends axially from the side surface portion 12a. From the viewpoint of weight reduction and heat conduction, aluminum is preferably used for the rotor case 12. A groove is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral edge portion 12b of the rotor case 12, and a cylindrical rotor core 13 formed of a magnetic body is arranged inside the groove. For example, several grooves are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 13, and the rotor magnet 14 is fixed in a ring shape in this groove. The rotor magnet 14 is preferably a neodymium magnet with strong magnetic force.

The stator core 21 is arranged with a predetermined gap on the inner circumferential surface side of the rotor magnet 14 arranged in a ring shape. The stator core 21 is composed of a laminate of electromagnetic steel plates, and has an annular base 21a and a plurality of teeth 21b. The plurality of teeth 21b are formed by the annular base 21a projecting radially. The teeth 21b are formed in a shape of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped. The bobbin 30 wound with the stator coil 40 is fixed to each tooth 21 b of the stator core 21.

A stator center 22 and a stator guide 23 that support the stator core 21 are provided on the inner peripheral side of the stator core 21. The stator center 22 is fixed to the bearing support member 26. The stator center 22 and the stator guide 23 are members for supporting the stator core 21, and have holding pieces 22a and 23a, respectively, which hold and hold the stator core 21 from both sides in the axial direction. The stator center 22 and the stator guide 23 are fixed to the inner diameter side of the stator core 21 by the nut 24 in a state where the inner circumferential surface and the axial end surfaces of the stator core 21 are positioned. The fixing structure of the stator core 21 will be described later. The stator center 22 and the stator guide 23 are made of aluminum with high thermal conductivity. The axial side of the stator coil 40 is provided with a wiring bus bar 25, and the winding end 41 of the stator coil 40 is connected to the outside of the wiring bus bar 25.

The bearing support member 26 or the stator center 22 is provided with a rotor position detector 50 for detecting the rotation position of the rotor. The rotor position detector 50 is composed of, for example, a resolver. The rotor position signal from the rotor position detector 50 is transmitted to the control circuit of the motor drive inverter not shown. The inverter corresponds to the position of the rotor, and the DC power is switched by the switching element, for example, converted into three-phase AC, and current is supplied to each stator coil 40 via the current supply line 60 and the wiring bus 25.

The peripheral portion 12b of the rotor case 12 is provided with a motor cover 15 that covers the opposite side of the rim mounting surface. In this embodiment, the motor cover 15 faces the stator center 22 via the oil seal 19. In this embodiment, water or dust can be prevented from entering the rim motor 100.

In the rim motor 100 of this embodiment, the bearing support member 26, the stator core 21, the spool 30, the stator coil 40, the stator center 22, and the stator guide 23 are fixed members that do not rotate, and are attached to the body of the electric vehicle side. In addition, the hub shaft 11, the rotor case 12, the rotor core 13, the rotor magnet 14, and the motor cover 15 are rotating members. Since the rotor magnet 14 is located outside the stator core 21, the rim motor 100 of this embodiment constitutes an outer rotor type motor. The rim of the electric vehicle rotates at the same speed as the rotor of the rim motor 100.

Next, the structure of the bobbin 30 of this embodiment will be described. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a bobbin used in an outer rotor type motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a diagram and a cross-sectional view of the bobbin shown in Figure 2 viewed from various directions. In Figure 3, Figure 3 (A) is a bottom view of the bobbin, and Figure 3 (B) is a side view of the bobbin. Figure 3 (C) is a front view of the spool, and Figure 3 (D) is a cross-sectional view of the arrow DD line of Figure 3 (A). In the following description, the positional relationship of each part of the bobbin 30 will be explained on the premise that the bobbin 30 is attached to the teeth 21b of the stator core 21. Regarding the bobbin 30 shown in FIG. 3, the X-axis direction is the radial direction, the positive direction is the outer diameter side, and the negative direction is the inner diameter side. In addition, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the outer rotor type motor, respectively.

The spool 30 is formed of synthetic resin, glass fiber reinforced resin, or the like. The spool 30 has a body portion 31 and two flanges of an outer diameter side flange 32 and an inner diameter side flange 33 at both ends of the body portion 31. The inside of the body portion 31 is formed into a hollow hollow portion 31 a, and its cross-sectional shape is formed to be almost equal to the cross-sectional shape of the teeth 21 b of the stator core 21. When the bobbin 30 is attached to the teeth 21b of the stator core 21, the teeth 21b are inserted into the hollow portion 31a. The stator coil 40 is wound around the body 31. The axial portion of the inner diameter side flange 33 on the side of the wiring busbar 25 is provided with a notch 33a, and the winding end 41 of the stator coil 40 is inserted into the notch 33a.

The inner diameter side flange 33 is further provided with a first engaging portion 34 and a second engaging portion 35 on both axial sides toward the inner diameter side. The first engaging portion 34 and the second engaging portion 35 are used to prevent The bobbin 30 is moved radially by the stator core 21. The distance between the first engaging portion 34 and the second engaging portion 35 is formed to be almost equal to the axial thickness of the stator core 21. Moreover, the circumferential width of the first engaging portion 34 and the second engaging portion 35 is as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 (A), and has a width almost equal to the circumferential width of the inner diameter side flange 33. .

The first engaging portion 34 is provided with an engaging hole 34a, and the engaging piece 22c provided in the stator center 22 is inserted into the engaging hole 34a. The engaging piece 22c will be described later. The engagement hole 34a penetrates in the axial direction, and the stator core 21 is exposed through the engagement hole 34a in a state where the bobbin 30 is attached to the teeth 21b of the stator core 21. A protrusion 34b is provided on the inner diameter side of the engagement hole 34a of the first engagement portion 34, and the protrusion 34b protrudes outward in the axial direction. The outer diameter surface of the protruding portion 34b abuts against the inner diameter surface of the engaging piece 22c of the stator center 22, whereby the protruding portion 34b and the engaging hole 34a jointly prevent the bobbin 30 from moving radially from the stator core 21 Features.

The second engaging portion 35 is provided with an engaging hole 35a, and the engaging piece 23c provided in the stator guide 23 is inserted into the engaging hole 35a, and the engaging piece 23c will be described later. The engagement hole 35a penetrates in the axial direction, and the stator core 21 is exposed through the engagement hole 35a with the bobbin 30 attached to the teeth 21b of the stator core 21. A protrusion 35b is provided on the inner diameter side of the engagement hole 35a of the second engagement portion 35, and the protrusion 35b protrudes outward in the axial direction. The outer diameter surface of the protruding portion 35b abuts against the inner diameter surface of the engaging piece 23c of the stator guide 23, whereby the protruding portion 35b and the engaging hole 35a jointly prevent the bobbin 30 from going radially from the stator core 21 The function of mobile.

Next, the fixing structure of the bobbin 30 and the stator core 21 of this embodiment is demonstrated. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing an outer rotor type motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a bobbin is attached to a stator core. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a state where a stator center and a stator guide are attached to a stator in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5(A) shows a cross-section of a portion where a tooth of a bobbin is installed, FIG. 5 (B) shows the section of the part where the spool is not installed. As described above, the stator core 21 has an annular base 21a and a plurality of teeth 21b, and the plurality of teeth 21b are formed by the annular base 21a projecting radially. Fig. 4 shows only one bobbin wound with a coil, but each tooth 21b is mounted with a bobbin 30 wound with a stator coil 40. The stator center 22 and the stator guide 23 are respectively formed with holding pieces 22a and 23a, and the holding pieces 22a and 23a hold the stator core 21 from both sides in the axial direction.

The holding piece 22a of the stator center 22 includes an integrally formed annular portion 22b and a plurality of engaging pieces 22c. The annular portion 22b covers the axial end surface of the protruding portion 34b of the first engaging portion 34 of the bobbin 30 and is located at the stator center 22 At the outer peripheral portion of the outer ring, a plurality of engaging pieces 22c are attached to the engaging hole 34a of the first engaging portion 34 of the bobbin 30 from the outer diameter side of the annular portion 22b when the bobbin 30 is attached to the stator core 21 To highlight. Moreover, the holding piece 23a of the stator guide 23 includes an integrally formed annular portion 23b and a plurality of engaging pieces 23c. The annular portion 23b covers the axial end surface of the protruding portion 35b of the second engaging portion 35 of the bobbin 30 and Located on the outer peripheral portion of the stator guide 23, a plurality of engaging pieces 23c are attached to the second engaging portion 35 of the spool 30 from the outer diameter side of the annular portion 23b when the spool 30 is attached to the stator core 21 The engaging hole 35a protrudes in the axial direction.

Regarding the fixing of the bobbin 30 and the stator core 21, first, the bobbin 30 around which the stator coil 40 is wound is attached to all the teeth 21 b of the stator core 21. Next, the stator core 21 is placed on the stator center 22, and at this time, the stator core 21 is positioned so that the engaging piece 22c of the stator center 22 is inserted into the engaging hole 34a of the first engaging portion 34 of the bobbin 30 . Next, the stator guide 23 is placed above the stator core 21. At this time, the stator guide 23 is positioned so that the engagement piece 23c of the stator guide 23 is inserted into each engagement hole 35a of the bobbin 30.

After the positioning of the stator core 21, the stator center 22 and the stator guide 23 is completed, the stator center 22 and the stator guide 23 are fixed by the nut 24. In this state, the top end of the engaging piece 22c of the stator center 22 and the top end of the engaging piece 23c of the stator guide 23 directly abut the stator core 21, and position the stator core 21 in the axial direction. Also, the size of each member is determined so that the annular portion 22b of the stator center 22 does not press the axial front end surface of the protruding portion 34b of the first engagement portion 34 of the bobbin 30, and the annular shape of the stator guide 23 The portion 23b does not press the axial distal end surface of the protrusion 35b of the second engagement portion 35 of the bobbin 30.

The stator core 21 is positioned and held in the axial direction by the engagement piece 22c of the stator center 22 and the engagement piece 23c of the stator guide 23. Moreover, the inner diameter surface of the engaging piece 22c of the stator center 22 abuts against the inner diameter surface of the engaging hole 34a of the first engaging portion 34 of the wire shaft 30, and the inner diameter of the engaging piece 23c of the stator guide 23 Since the inner diameter surfaces of the engaging holes 35a of the wire spool 30 are in contact with each other, the spool 30 will not move radially from the stator core 21.

In this way, in this embodiment, the direct pressing force from the stator center 22 and the stator guide 23 is not applied to the bobbin 30 made of a resin material. In addition, even if the stoppage of the outer rotor type motor causes the stator coil 40 to generate heat and cause the bobbin 30 to repeatedly expand and contract, the stator center 22 and the stator guide 23 do not apply force to the bobbin 30. In addition, heat from the stator core 21 is conducted to the stator center 22 via the engagement piece 22c of the stator center 22 and the engagement piece 23c of the stator guide 23. Therefore, the heat dissipation effect of the stator core 21 is good. In addition to the engagement piece 22c of the stator center 22 and the engagement piece 23c of the stator guide 23, the stator core 21 may be positioned by other parts of the stator center 22 and the stator guide 23.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the radial length of the first engaging portion 34 on the wiring busbar 25 side of the bobbin 30 is longer than the length of the second engaging portion 35. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, a part of the wiring bus 25 can be brought into contact with the engaging piece 22c of the stator center 22, so that the radial position of the wiring bus 25 can be positioned.

In addition, the protrusion portion 34b of the first engagement portion 34 and the protrusion portion 35b of the second engagement portion 35 can be selected or not according to the strength required to prevent the bobbin 30 from coming out of the stator core 21. Moreover, the shapes of the holding piece 22a of the stator center 22 and the holding piece 23a of the stator guide 23 can be changed according to the presence or absence of the protrusion 34b of the first engagement portion 34 and the protrusion 35b of the second engagement portion 35 . For example, when the protruding portion 34b of the first engaging portion 34 is not provided, the shape of the annular portion 22b of the holding piece 22a of the stator center 22 covers the axial end surface of the first engaging portion 34 of the bobbin 30. The shape of the annular portion 23b of the holding piece 23a of the lead 23 covers the axial end surface of the second engaging portion 35 of the bobbin 30.

As described above, when the outer rotor type motor of the present invention is used as a rim motor, all or most of it can be accommodated in the rim of a wheel of an electric car. Furthermore, even outside the rim, an outer rotor type motor can be arranged on the same axis as the wheel, and the wheels of the electric vehicle can be directly driven without using gears or the like. In addition, the outer rotor type motor of the present invention can also be applied to applications other than electric vehicles.

11‧‧‧ Hub axle 12‧‧‧Rotor shell 12a‧‧‧Side 12b‧‧‧periphery 13‧‧‧Rotor core 14‧‧‧Rotor magnet 15‧‧‧Motor cover 16‧‧‧Wheel nut for rim installation 17‧‧‧bearing 17a‧‧‧Inner wheel 17b‧‧‧Outer wheel 17c‧‧‧Rotating body 18‧‧‧Brake fixture 19‧‧‧oil seal 21‧‧‧ Stator core 21a‧‧‧ring base 21b‧‧‧tooth 22‧‧‧ Stator Center 22a‧‧‧Keep 22b‧‧‧Ring 22c‧‧‧Card clip 23‧‧‧Stator guide 23a‧‧‧Keep 23b‧‧‧Ring 23c‧‧‧Card clip 24‧‧‧ Nut 25‧‧‧Wiring bus 26‧‧‧Bearing support member 27‧‧‧ Nut 30‧‧‧spool 31‧‧‧ Body 31a‧‧‧Hollow Department 32‧‧‧Outside flange 33‧‧‧Inner diameter side flange 33a‧‧‧Notch 34‧‧‧ First Engagement Department 34a‧‧‧Snap hole 34b‧‧‧Protrusion 35‧‧‧Second Engagement Department 35a‧‧‧Snap hole 35b‧‧‧Protrusion 40‧‧‧ Stator coil 41‧‧‧winding end 50‧‧‧Rotor position detector 60‧‧‧Current supply line 100‧‧‧Rim Motor

[Figure 1] A schematic cross-sectional view when the outer rotor type motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention is configured as a rim motor. [Figure 2] A perspective view of a bobbin used in an outer rotor type motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] A view of the bobbin shown in Figure 2 and a view showing a cross section from all directions. [Figure 4] In an outer rotor type motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, a perspective view showing a spool mounted on a stator is shown. [Figure 5] In one embodiment of the present invention, a cross-sectional view in a state where a stator center and a stator guide are attached to a stator core.

12‧‧‧Rotor shell

13‧‧‧Rotor core

14‧‧‧Rotor magnet

21‧‧‧ Stator core

21a‧‧‧ring base

21b‧‧‧tooth

22‧‧‧ Stator Center

22a‧‧‧Keep

22b‧‧‧Ring

22c‧‧‧Card clip

23‧‧‧Stator guide

23a‧‧‧Keep

23b‧‧‧Ring

23c‧‧‧Card clip

24‧‧‧ Nut

30‧‧‧spool

31‧‧‧ Body

32‧‧‧Outside flange

33‧‧‧Inner diameter side flange

33a‧‧‧Notch

34‧‧‧ First Engagement Department

34a‧‧‧Snap hole

34b‧‧‧Protrusion

35b‧‧‧Protrusion

40‧‧‧ Stator coil

41‧‧‧winding end

Claims (3)

An external rotor type motor, including: The stator core has several teeth radially on the outer diameter side of the ring-shaped base; The stator center and the stator guide, the stator core is positioned from both sides in the axial direction; and A spool, a number of teeth wound with a coil and mounted on the stator core, The characteristics of the outer rotor type motor are: The axial sides of the inner diameter side of the bobbin are provided with protruding engaging portions, and the engaging portions have engaging holes penetrating in the axial direction, The stator center and the stator guide are respectively provided with a plurality of engaging pieces protruding in the axial direction at their outer peripheral portions, In a state where the bobbin is mounted on the stator core, the stator center and the engaging piece of the stator guide are inserted into the engaging hole of the bobbin, while the top end of the engaging piece abuts the stator core The axial end face positions the stator core in the axial direction. The outer rotor type motor as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein, in a state where the bobbin is mounted on the stator core, the bobbin has two flanges spaced apart in the radial direction, convex on the inner diameter side The axial side of the flange is provided with a notch, and the winding end of the coil is inserted into the notch. An electric vehicle has an outer rotor type motor provided on the rim of a wheel as described in item 1 or 2 of the patent scope, and the wheel is directly driven by the outer rotor type motor.

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