TW201728811A - 綠建材輕隔間陶磚 - Google Patents
綠建材輕隔間陶磚 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000011464 hollow brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000274847 Betula papyrifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009113 Betula papyrifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009109 Betula pendula Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010928 Betula populifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002992 Betula pubescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 various clays Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
- E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
- E04B2/20—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
- E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
- E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
- C04B2235/6021—Extrusion moulding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0232—Undercut connections, e.g. using undercut tongues and grooves
- E04B2002/0234—Angular dovetails
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
- E04B2002/0247—Strips or bars
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
本發明係提供一種綠建材輕隔間陶磚,主要是採取自來水污泥工業污泥、剩餘土方或其他合法之汙泥等回收素材製成空心磚,使具有環保價值,且兼具比重輕、更抗震、隔音隔熱效果佳等特性,配合空心磚頂、底面規劃製設的互呈錯離且相契合之凹槽與凸肋,以及頂、底面中間部位相對應之鳩尾嵌槽設計,令其在上、下層空心磚的堆砌疊置,除了利用其疊置面之凹槽與凸肋取得凹凸契合的關係外,更得藉兩者對應之鳩尾嵌槽內所嵌設的長條狀連結桿件作為其上、下層空心磚及左、右塊空心磚的縱向與橫向連結,進而堆砌構築成牆面結構,並用鋼筋連結於樑柱使之結合,成為一種環保而實用之綠建材輕隔間陶磚者。
Description
本發明係關於一種綠建材輕隔間陶磚,特別是採用回收素材為原料製造空心磚以賦予環保價值外,更透過其頂、底面對應契合之結構規劃設計,中間鳩尾凹槽植入鋼筋水泥砂漿或粘結劑,配合長條狀連結桿件之縱、橫向連結於樑柱,使構成一兼具環保性與實用性之創新綠建材輕隔間陶磚者。
按,一般建築物的牆面在構築上,除了採磚塊堆砌或混凝土灌漿方式外,為了取得較佳之隔音及隔熱效果,有愈來愈多的建築物在牆面的堆砌上,會採用空心磚作為築牆材料,藉空心磚之空心結構型態,可減輕建材的重量,同時可阻隔熱能及聲音的傳導作用,以達預期的隔音及隔熱效能。
但現有的空心磚結構觀之,不論內部空心形狀如何變化,外觀均為平面,砌磚後牆面無法與樑柱結構結合,造成抗震能力減低且施工不易,磚與磚的連結更費時費力。
一般水泥空心磚主要是採預定比例之水泥與砂石加水調混後,再予模製成型,藉以取得規格化之結構,而在堆砌構築牆面時,乃依序將空心磚作上、下層疊置,並在其疊併面預先塗佈水泥或類似之黏著劑,待其乾凝後,即可維持空心磚疊置關係的牢固性。
惟,此類水泥空心磚因係採水泥及砂石調混模製成型,而砂石及水泥的開採對於自然生態的破壞乃有目共賭,且此類空心磚並無法再回收利用,實非環保建材,又因其材料的關係,所以雖其採空心結構設計,但卻仍有一定重量,因此在搬運及堆砌上較為不便且費力,同時因其僅藉水泥或類似的黏著劑結合,所以結構強度及抗震性明顯不足,實尚難稱為理想之建材,有必要再設法加以解決改善者。
有鑑於習知原有一般的實心磚、空心磚,水泥磚空心磚不符環保綠建材的訴求,且在堆砌的牢固性與抗震性明顯不足,影響其產業利用性與實用價值,發明人特著手進行研究改良,基於其從事相關產業之多年經驗與技術,進而研創出本發明之綠建材輕隔間陶磚。
為了解決習知空心磚所存在之問題與缺失,本發明乃利用剩餘土方、淨水污泥、工業污泥、陶土、黏土等回收素材模製成型空心磚,並在其頂面規劃製設的互呈錯離的至少一第一凸肋及至少一第一凹槽,及在其底面規劃製設對應該第一凸肋位置的至少一第二凹槽與對應該第一凹槽位置的至少一第二凸肋,藉由第一凸肋與第二凹槽及第一凹槽與第二凸肋相契合,以及頂面中間部位設計之第一鳩尾嵌槽與底面中間部位對應第一鳩尾崁槽之第二鳩尾嵌槽的設計,令其在上、下層空心磚的堆砌疊置,除了利用其疊置面之第一凸肋與第二凹槽及第一凹槽與第二凸肋取得凹凸契合的關係外,更得藉兩對應之第一鳩尾嵌槽及第二鳩尾嵌槽內所嵌設的長條狀連結桿件作為其上、下層空心磚及
左、右塊空心磚的縱向與橫向連結,進而堆砌構築成牆面結構,並連結於樑柱,達到抗震之效果。
本發明之綠建材輕隔間陶磚,經由其結構之組成設計,不但在空心磚的產製上能符合環保綠建材的訴求,同時透過其頂、底面規劃之凹槽與凸肋,使其堆砌時可獲得凹凸契合的結合關係外,更進一步透過其中間部位之鳩尾嵌槽可供長條狀連結桿件嵌設以連結上、下層空心磚及左、右塊空心磚,並連結於樑柱主結構,達到縱向與橫向之完整連結與關係維持,不但結構更為強固,同時抗震力也更佳,俾能解決習知空心磚未盡理想完善之缺失者。
10、10'、10"‧‧‧空心磚
101‧‧‧空心槽
11、13‧‧‧凹槽
12、14‧‧‧凸肋
15、16‧‧‧鳩尾嵌槽
17‧‧‧間隙
20‧‧‧連結桿件
30‧‧‧水泥樑柱
31‧‧‧插結孔
40‧‧‧鋼骨樑柱
41‧‧‧焊道
50‧‧‧天花板
60‧‧‧地面
圖1係本發明較佳實施例之結構示意圖;圖2係本發明較佳實施例之結構分解示意圖;圖3係本發明較佳實施例之結構組合示意圖;圖4係本發明較佳實施例之結構組合示意圖;圖5係本發明較佳實施例之結構組合關係示意圖;圖6係本發明較佳實施例之另一型態結構示意圖;圖7係本發明較佳實施例之又一型態結構示意圖;圖8係本發明較佳實施例搭配水泥樑柱、天花板、地面之實施狀態示意參考圖;圖9係本發明較佳實施例搭配水泥樑柱、鋼骨樑柱、天花板、地面之實施狀態示意參考圖。
有關於本發明之結構組成、技術手段及功效達成方面,謹配圖式再予舉例進一步具體說明於后:
第一實施例,將由汙泥(sludge)或沉積汙泥(settled sludge)50質量份以上、黏土(clay)50質量份以下所構成之原料材質先行混合粉碎經真空擠出機模壓成型而製作出坯體後,在隧道窯中,於1000~1300℃下進行燒結而得綠建材輕隔間陶磚。
第二實施例,將由汙泥(sludge)與陶土(potter's clay)50質量份以上、黏土(clay)50質量份以下所構成之原料材質先行混合粉碎經真空擠出機模壓成型而製作出坯體後,在隧道窯中,於1000~1300℃下進行燒結而得綠建材輕隔間陶磚。
本發明之綠建材輕隔間陶磚係為一空心磚10,具有由複數個凸體(convex body)所構成之多凸面(convex)形狀之頂面(top surface)、接著於該底面形成與頂面形狀相同之結合面、以及一鳩尾嵌槽15、16係呈下凹狀並以對稱方式形成於該空心磚10之一頂面及底面上之預設部位。
次,請參閱圖1~圖7所示,說明本發明之較佳實施型態,如圖所示,本發明於結構設計上,本發明之綠建材輕隔間陶磚主要是採用50質量份以上的汙泥,如:工程剩餘土方,自來水污泥、工業廢棄物污泥、其他合法污泥、各種陶土、黏土等回收素材,將各種原料依照不同比率混合粉碎,經真空擠出機擠出,利用各種不同的模具,可燒製成不同尺寸及形狀的空心磚10,因其汙泥材質係屬回收再利用的素材,所以不但解決了污染大地問題,同時更能
符合環保綠建材以及CNS 8905混泥土空心磚規範的訴求,而其空心磚10內部乃以採田字型結構劃分,使具有四個空心槽101,以達預期的隔音隔熱及輕量化效能。本發明之汙泥主要成分包含二氧化矽(SiO2)、氧化鋁(Al2O3)與氧化鐵(Fe2O3)所構成,約佔污泥整體比例70%~90%,且本發明之污泥其主要成分與製磚用黏土主要成分相近。
本發明綠建材輕隔間陶磚之空心槽101可以設置為方形孔、兩長方孔、多矩形孔、圓形孔…等,並不拘限於任何形式之空心槽101,且本發明綠建材輕隔間陶磚可為方形或矩形之空心磚10。
根據本發明空心磚10之較佳形態,使用300W的紅外線燈照射於溫度30℃的第一側表面到達50℃的時間為60分鐘以上。而第二側表面溫度約43℃~47℃。藉此,當應用在夏季時室外的第一側表面溫度上升至50℃以上之牆面時,本發明之空心磚10可藉由空心槽101而更有效地降低於室內之第二側表面溫度3℃~6℃,並且溫度降低之狀態可相對地維持較長時間。相對的,冬季的室內之第二側表面溫度增溫3℃~6℃。
而為了取得空心磚10在堆砌時的結合穩固性,本發明乃於空心磚10的頂面及底面分別由複數個凸體(convex body)所構成之多凸面(convex)形狀規劃製設有凹凸相間之凹槽11、13與凸肋12、14,且頂面的凹槽11及凸肋12恰與底面的凹槽13與凸肋14呈錯離而相契合之關係,其頂、底面所規劃製設的凹槽與凸肋,其凹凸之數量可增減對應,並且該等凹槽11、13與凸肋12、14的兩側邊均呈導斜面型態,或可倒為圓形、方形等型態(圖中未繪)並不拘限於任何倒角方式,藉以使空心磚10在作上、下層的堆砌疊置上,乃得利用其、上下層空心磚10、10'頂、底面的凹槽11、13與凸肋12、14的相互契合嵌組,配合於兩
者疊併面之一間隙17塗佈水泥沙漿、黏結材料或類似的黏著劑,取得其上、下層空心磚10、10'的非平面凹凸契合關係,而此一設計同時可避免外部的雨水等水份輕易滲流至牆的內部,另為了進一步取得其結合穩固性之提昇,本發明乃於空心磚10的底面形成與頂面形狀相同之結合面、以及一鳩尾嵌槽15、16係呈下凹狀並以對稱方式形成於該空心磚10之一頂面及底面上之預設部位,在本發明中其頂、底面中間部位分別製設有一呈相對應關係之鳩尾嵌槽15、16,且該鳩尾嵌槽15、16其形狀可不拘限於任何形狀設置為圓形、方形或其他形狀(圖中未繪),該位於頂面的鳩尾嵌槽15的槽口兩側端緣乃作導斜面設製,藉以可方便將長條狀之連結桿件20(可為鋼筋條、建築用材、快速釘、壁虎…等類似物件)置入頂面的鳩尾嵌槽15內,並在將上層空心磚10'堆砌於其上時,得使其底部之鳩尾嵌槽16嵌套於該等連結桿件20,據以令其在上、下層空心磚10、10'的堆砌疊置上,除了利用其疊置面之凹槽11、13與凸肋12、14取得凹凸契合的關係外,更得藉兩者對應之鳩尾嵌槽15、16內所嵌設的連結桿件20作為其上、下層之穩固連結效果。
同時因其連結桿件20可依其欲堆砌的牆面尺寸而作較大長度設製,使其得以橫向連結左、右塊之空心磚10、10",據此形成對空心磚10的豎砌與橫砌連結,以維持所堆砌構築的牆面結構,並且如圖6所示該空心磚10之橫砌方式設置,不但可在左右兩側旁將連結桿件20連結於水泥樑柱30,更能將連結桿件20固定於天花板50及地面60,讓連結桿件20伸入最頂端及最底端的鳩尾嵌槽15、16內,塗佈水泥或類似的黏著劑,取得其最頂端及最底端之空心磚10、10"的非平面凹凸契合連結關係,又如圖7所示該空心磚10之豎砌方式設置,不但可在左右兩側旁將連結桿件20連結於水泥樑柱30及鋼骨樑柱40,更能將連結
桿件20固定於天花板50及地面60,讓連結桿件20伸入最頂端及最底端的鳩尾嵌槽15、16內,所以無論豎砌與橫砌,透過該等連結桿件20的連結,乃得使其堆砌構築成的牆面與水泥樑柱30、鋼骨樑柱40、天花板50及地面60結構連結具有更穩固之結構強度及更佳之抗震性;請參閱圖8、圖9所示,本發明在以空心磚10堆砌構築成牆面的結構上,除了其疊置面本身的凹槽11、13與凸肋12、14取得的凹凸契合關係外,更藉其上、下層間相對之鳩尾嵌槽15、16所嵌設的連結桿件20取得上、下層空心磚10、10'的縱向連結與左、右塊空心磚10、10'的橫向連結之聯繫定位維持效能外,為了取得牆面與建築物的樑柱固定整合關係,乃得將其連結桿件20的長度作略大於牆面寬度之設計或可先行固定,使連結桿件20兩端的略突出於牆面兩側預定長度,如此一來,在牆面堆砌構築時,乃得將連結桿件20兩端插置於水泥樑柱30或鋼骨樑柱40等各種材質樑柱或建築物骨架、牆面所預設的插結孔31或焊道41中,並視其樑柱材質而進一步予以焊結,藉以利用連結桿件20與建築物樑柱或骨架的插置,以及連結桿件20對空心磚10、10'、10'的縱、橫向連結,乃得使整個牆面與建築物的樑柱或固結取得極為穩固的連結力,使其具更佳之結構強度及抗震能力者;即,經由以上說明,可知本發明之綠建材輕隔間陶磚,採用了剩餘土方,自來水污泥、工業廢棄物污泥、其他合法污泥、各種陶土、黏土等回收材質模製成型空心磚10,不但得以減降其產製成本,且其整體比重亦可獲得輕量化效果,更能符合環保綠建材的訴求,而透過於空心磚10頂、底面所規劃製設的相對應契合之凹槽11、13與凸肋12、14結構,除了可取得非平面之堆砌疊置效果,更能兼具防止外部水份滲流入內的功能,再佐以其頂、底面中間
部位之鳩尾嵌槽15、16供長條狀連結桿件20嵌置連結的設計,乃得使其構築的牆面具有更佳之結構強度及抗震性,可徹底解決習知空心磚所存在及可能衍生之問題與缺失者;
而本發明之綠建材輕隔間陶磚具有如下之優點:
1.利用凹凸槽的原理,將每一片空心磚10,交叉堆疊,能固定每一片空心磚10,每塊空心磚10中的鳩尾嵌槽15、16、間隙17能填充水泥沙漿或其他黏結材料及連結桿件,更增強抗拉強度,上下左右皆有連結桿件連接水泥樑柱30、鋼骨樑柱40、天花板50及地面60達到抗震的最大效果。
2.因有上下凹凸連結之聯繫定位,只要對準凹凸即能完好堆砌,無論是橫砌或豎砌,施工簡單方便、迅速,非熟練技術工就能堆砌,且其堆砌速度為傳統磚塊效率較高,更可節省水泥砂漿或粘節材料達70%以上,達到節能減碳之效果。
3.因空心磚上端及下端凹凸的關係,雨水能直接排出,不會滲透到輕隔間陶磚裡面,沒有雨水介質的滲透,所以不會產生白樺。
綜上所述,本發明所研發之綠建材輕隔間陶磚,經由其結構之創新設計,在達成其環保訴求外,更能在其堆砌構築牆面時,賦予更佳之連結關係與結構強度,同時在抗震方面也有更佳的表現,可有效解決習知同類產品未盡理想完善之缺失,賦予極佳之產業利用性與實用價值,整體而言,誠不失為一優異、突出之創新設計,爰依法提出專利申請。
10‧‧‧空心磚
101‧‧‧空心槽
11、13‧‧‧凹槽
12、14‧‧‧凸肋
15、16‧‧‧鳩尾嵌槽
Claims (11)
- 一種綠建材輕隔間陶磚,主要是由複數採汙泥模製成型的空心槽與複數長條狀連結桿件所堆砌構築之牆面,該牆面並被堆砌構築於建築物的二樑柱或骨架間;其特徵係在於:所述的空心磚於其頂、底面乃分別製設有相間之凹槽與凸肋,且其頂、底面的凹槽與凸肋恰呈互為錯離而凹凸相契合之型態,同時在頂、底面中間部位製設有相對應之鳩尾嵌槽,令其在上、下層空心磚的堆砌疊置,除了利用其疊置面之凹槽與凸肋取得凹凸契合的關係,並藉疊置面塗佈之黏著劑予以黏結固定外,更得於兩者對應之鳩尾嵌槽內嵌設的長條狀連結桿件作為其上、下層空心磚及左、右塊空心磚的縱向與橫向連結,進而堆砌構築成牆面與主體樑柱結構者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之綠建材輕隔間陶磚,其中所述之空心磚於頂、底面所規劃製設的凹槽與凸肋,其兩側邊均呈導斜面型態者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之綠建材輕隔間陶磚,其中所述之空心磚於頂、底面所規劃製設的凹槽與凸肋,其兩側邊可呈圓形、方形或其他形狀導角型態者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之綠建材輕隔間陶磚,其中所述之空心磚於頂面中間部位所規劃製設的鳩尾嵌槽,乃將其槽口兩側端緣作導斜面設製者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之綠建材輕隔間陶磚,其中所述之長條狀連結桿的長度,乃作大於牆面寬度設計,使連結桿件兩端得以突伸出牆面 並插結於兩側樑柱所預製的插結孔者,亦能使用短的連結桿件,置於樑柱與輕隔間陶磚或陶磚與陶磚之間,形成連結。
- 一種綠建材輕隔間陶磚,係為一空心磚,具有由複數個凸體所構成之多凸面形狀之頂面、接著於該底面形成與頂面形狀相同之結合面、以及一鳩尾嵌槽係呈下凹狀並以對稱方式形成於該空心磚之一頂面及底面上之預設部位。
- 一種綠建材輕隔間陶磚,係為一空心磚,其包括:一第一鳩尾崁槽,該第一鳩尾崁槽係設於該空心磚之頂面;一第二鳩尾崁槽,該第二鳩尾崁槽係設於該空心磚之底面,且該第二鳩尾崁槽之位置係與該第一鳩尾崁槽之下方;至少一第一凸肋,該第一凸肋係設於該空心磚之頂面;至少一第一凹槽,該第一凹槽係設於該空心磚頂面之該第一凸肋側邊;至少一第二凸肋,該第二凸肋係設於該空心磚底面,且該第二凸肋係位於該第一凹槽之下方;至少一第二凹槽,該第二凹槽係設於該空心磚底面,且該第二凹槽係位於該第一凸肋之下方。8.如申請專利範圍第7項所述之綠建材輕隔問陶磚,其中所述之第一凹槽、第一凸肋、第二凸肋及第二凹槽,其兩側邊均呈導斜面型態者。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之綠建材輕隔間陶磚,其中所述之第一凹槽、第一凸肋、第二凸肋及第二凹槽,其兩側邊可呈圓形、方形或其他形狀導角型態者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1、6或7項所述之綠建材輕隔間陶磚,其中所述之汙泥50質量份以上、黏土50質量份以下所構成之原料材質先行混合粉碎經真空擠出機模壓成型而製作出坯體後,在隧道窯中,於1000~1300℃下進行燒結而得綠建材輕隔間陶磚。
- 如申請專利範圍第1、6或7項所述之綠建材輕隔間陶磚,其中所述之汙泥與陶土50質量份以上、黏土0質量份以下所構成之原料材質先行混合粉碎經真空擠出機模壓成型而製作出坯體後,在隧道窯中,於1000~1300℃下進行燒結而得綠建材輕隔間陶磚。
- 如申請專利範圍第1、6或7項所述之綠建材輕隔間陶磚,其中所述之汙泥主要成分包含二氧化矽(SiO2)、氧化鋁(Al2O3)與氧化鐵(Fe2O3)所構成,且佔污泥整體比例70%~90%。
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