TW201632636A - Steel sheet for two-piece can and manufacturing method therefor - Google Patents
Steel sheet for two-piece can and manufacturing method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0436—Cold rolling
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0447—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0468—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment between cold rolling steps
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
- C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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Abstract
Description
本發明係關於:適合作為食品和飲料罐所使用的罐容器用材料的罐用鋼板及其製造方法。特別是本發明係關於成形性優異的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板及其製造方法,本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板特別適合使用於在罐身部被實施加工的兩片式異形罐。 The present invention relates to a steel sheet for cans suitable as a material for can containers used in food and beverage cans, and a method for producing the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a two-piece high-strength steel sheet for cans having excellent moldability and a method for producing the same, and the two-piece high-strength steel sheet for a can is particularly suitable for use in a two-piece shaped shape processed in a can body portion. tank.
近年來基於減輕對於環境的負荷以及削減成本的觀點考量,不斷地謀求削減食品罐和飲料罐所使用的鋼板的使用量。因此,無論是兩片式罐或是三片式罐,都是在對於作為素材的鋼板進行薄型化。 In recent years, in order to reduce the load on the environment and reduce the cost, the amount of steel sheets used in food cans and beverage cans has been continuously reduced. Therefore, whether it is a two-piece can or a three-piece can, the steel plate as a material is thinned.
最近,為了彌補因鋼板的薄型化所致的罐體強度的降低,大多是製作成:對於罐身部實施了凸波紋加工或者形成幾何形狀的異形罐。在製造兩片式罐的異形罐(有時也稱為:兩片式異形罐)的時候,先利用衝拉加工或引縮加工,來進行加工度較高的成形之後,才對於罐身部進行加工。因此,兩片式罐的異形罐在製造時所使用的鋼板,係被要求更高的成形性。另一方面,加工度較低的 罐底部,則是因加工硬化而衍生的強度上昇較小。因此,將鋼板薄型化後的情況下,罐底部係會有鋼板強度不足的傾向。特別是罐底部的形狀為平坦之凹壓罐的情況下,其強度必須達到傳統的一次冷軋鋼板(以下簡稱SR鋼板;Single Reduce Steel plate)以上的強度。因此,將罐底部採用即使薄型化也可容易達成高強度化的二次冷軋鋼板(以下簡稱DR鋼板;Double Reduce Steel plate)的作法是有效的。 Recently, in order to compensate for the decrease in the strength of the can body due to the reduction in the thickness of the steel sheet, it has been conventionally produced as a shaped can having a convex corrugation process or a geometric shape formed on the can body portion. When manufacturing a two-piece can of a shaped can (sometimes called a two-piece shaped can), it is first processed by punching or shrinking to form a higher degree of processing. Processing. Therefore, the steel plate used for the production of the shaped can of the two-piece can is required to have higher formability. On the other hand, the degree of processing is lower At the bottom of the tank, the strength derived from work hardening is less increased. Therefore, when the steel sheet is made thinner, the strength of the steel sheet tends to be insufficient at the bottom of the can. In particular, in the case where the shape of the bottom of the can is a flat concave can, the strength thereof must be higher than that of the conventional primary cold rolled steel sheet (hereinafter referred to as "Sinle Reduce Steel plate"). Therefore, it is effective to use a secondary cold-rolled steel sheet (hereinafter referred to as a double-reduced steel plate) which can easily achieve high strength even if the bottom of the can is made thinner.
DR鋼板,主要是利用加工硬化而變成硬質化的鋼板,因此,一般而言,其成形性係變低。成形性變低的話,如上所述,對於罐身部而言,是不太合適的。因此,乃對於如何才可提昇DR鋼板的成形性的作法加以檢討。 Since the DR steel sheet is mainly a hardened steel sheet by work hardening, generally, the formability is low. When the formability is lowered, as described above, it is not suitable for the can body portion. Therefore, it is a review of how to improve the formability of DR steel sheets.
例如專利文獻1所揭示的乾式衝拉引縮加工罐用樹脂披覆鋼板,其組成分以質量%計,係含有C:0.001~0.10%、Mn:0.05~0.50%、Al:0.015~0.13%、Si:0.05%以下、P:0.03%以下、S:0.03%以下,其餘部分由Fe以及不可避免的雜質所組成,結晶粒徑為6~30μm、中心線平均粗糙度為0.05~0.6μm、板厚度為0.15~0.30mm的電解鉻酸處理鋼板,在其兩面是披覆著厚度為10~50μm的熱可塑性樹脂,並且在其表面塗敷著高溫揮發性潤滑劑。 For example, the resin-coated steel sheet for dry-drawing and shrinking processing cans disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a composition of C: 0.001 to 0.10%, Mn: 0.05 to 0.50%, and Al: 0.015 to 0.13% in terms of mass%. , Si: 0.05% or less, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, and the rest is composed of Fe and unavoidable impurities, the crystal grain size is 6 to 30 μm, and the center line average roughness is 0.05 to 0.6 μm. An electrolytic chromic acid-treated steel sheet having a thickness of 0.15 to 0.30 mm is coated with a thermoplastic resin having a thickness of 10 to 50 μm on both sides thereof, and a high-temperature volatile lubricant is applied to the surface thereof.
專利文獻2係揭示:一種乾式衝拉引縮加工罐用樹脂披覆鋼板的製造方法,其特徵為:其係將鋼板的 組成分以質量%計,含有C:0.001~0.06%、Mn:0.05~0.50%、Al:0.015~0.13%、Si:0.05%以下、P:0.03%以下、S:0.03%以下,其餘部分由Fe以及不可避免的雜質所組成的熱軋鋼板,經過酸洗、冷軋、連續退火後、再以5~25%的軋縮率進行輥軋而製作成:中心線平均粗糙度為0.05~0.6μm、板厚度為0.15~0.30mm的鋼板,緊接著進行電解鉻酸處理,然後在其兩面披覆了厚度為10~50μm的熱可塑性樹脂,並且在其表面塗敷了高溫揮發性潤滑劑。 Patent Document 2 discloses a method for producing a resin-coated steel sheet for a dry-drawing and shrinking processing can, characterized in that it is a steel sheet. The composition of the component is C: 0.001 to 0.06%, Mn: 0.05 to 0.50%, Al: 0.015 to 0.13%, Si: 0.05% or less, P: 0.03% or less, and S: 0.03% or less, and the remainder is A hot-rolled steel sheet composed of Fe and unavoidable impurities is subjected to pickling, cold rolling, continuous annealing, and then rolled at a rolling reduction ratio of 5 to 25% to produce a center line average roughness of 0.05 to 0.6. A steel plate having a thickness of 0.15 mm to 0.30 mm is immediately subjected to electrolytic chromic acid treatment, and then a thermoplastic resin having a thickness of 10 to 50 μm is coated on both sides thereof, and a high-temperature volatile lubricant is applied to the surface thereof.
專利文獻3係揭示:一種異型罐用鋼板,其特徵為:其組成分以質量%計,係含有C:0.02~0.07%、Si:0.005~0.05%、Mn:0.1~1.5%、P:0.04%以下、S:0.02%以下、Al:0.005~0.1%、N:超過0.003~0.007%、B:0.001~0.01%,並且符合B/N為0.3~1.5的關係,其餘部分由Fe以及不可避免的雜質所組成,並且該鋼板在輥軋方向以及板寬度方向中的至少其中一方的塑性應變比(r值)是0.8以下。 Patent Document 3 discloses a steel sheet for a profiled can, characterized in that its composition is C% by weight: 0.02 to 0.07%, Si: 0.005 to 0.05%, Mn: 0.1 to 1.5%, and P: 0.04. % or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: 0.005 to 0.1%, N: more than 0.003 to 0.007%, B: 0.001 to 0.01%, and the relationship of B/N is 0.3 to 1.5, and the rest is Fe and inevitably The composition of the impurities is such that the plastic strain ratio (r value) of at least one of the rolling direction and the sheet width direction of the steel sheet is 0.8 or less.
專利文獻1:日本特許第3140929號公報 Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 3140929
專利文獻2:日本特許第2937788號公報 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent No. 2937788
專利文獻3:日本特許第4630268號公報 Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent No. 4630268
然而,在上述習知技術中,係可舉出下列的問題。 However, in the above-mentioned conventional techniques, the following problems can be cited.
專利文獻1所記載的技術,雖然可以確保在成形為直筒平滑罐的情況時所需的成形性。但是,專利文獻1所記載的技術,並無法確保在成形為:罐身部被實施了凸波紋加工之類的加工之異形罐時所需的成形性。 The technique described in Patent Document 1 can ensure the formability required when forming into a straight smooth can. However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, it is not possible to ensure the formability required when the can body portion is subjected to a processed canned shape such as a convex corrugation process.
專利文獻2所記載的技術也是與專利文獻1所記載的技術同樣,雖然可以確保在成形為直筒平滑罐的情況時所需的成形性。但是,專利文獻2所記載的技術,也同樣地無法確保在成形為:異形罐時所需的成形性。 The technique described in Patent Document 2 is similar to the technique described in Patent Document 1, and it is possible to ensure the formability required when molding into a straight smooth can. However, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, similarly, the formability required for molding into a can-shaped can is not ensured.
專利文獻3所記載的技術,係比較適合三片式罐的鋼板。專利文獻3所記載的鋼板,因為是在輥軋方向以及板寬度方向之中的至少其中一方的r值為0.8以下,所以異方性較大。異方性較大的這種鋼板,並不具有:包含衝拉加工在內的兩片式罐在成形時所需求的成形性。 The technique described in Patent Document 3 is a steel sheet suitable for a three-piece can. In the steel sheet described in Patent Document 3, since the r value of at least one of the rolling direction and the sheet width direction is 0.8 or less, the anisotropy is large. Such a steel sheet having a large anisotropy does not have the formability required for forming a two-piece can including a punching process.
本發明就是有鑑於這種情事而進行開發完成的,其目的是要解決上述習知技術的問題,並且提供:可特別適用於兩片式異形罐的成形之兩片式罐用高強度鋼板及其製造方法。 The present invention has been developed in view of such circumstances, and its object is to solve the above problems of the prior art, and to provide a two-piece high-strength steel sheet for cans which can be particularly suitably used for forming a two-piece shaped can. Its manufacturing method.
本發明人等,為了解決上述課題,乃不斷地努力研究。具體而言,為了找到可以兼具:罐底所要求的優異的強度、以及罐身所要求的優異的成形性的方法,而不斷地努力研究,其結果終於找到了一種創見,就是:藉由將組成分、拉伸強度、伸長率、降伏伸長率、肥粒鐵粒徑予以調整到特定範圍內的話,即可解決上述的課題,並且依據這種創見終於完成了本發明。 The inventors of the present invention have been continually striving to solve the above problems. Specifically, in order to find a method that can combine the excellent strength required for the bottom of the can and the excellent formability required for the can body, and continually study hard, the result finally finds a kind of originality, namely: by The above problems can be solved by adjusting the composition, tensile strength, elongation, elongation at break, and ferrite iron particle size within a specific range, and the present invention has finally been completed in accordance with such a concept.
本發明係依據上述的創見而完成的,其發明要旨係如下所述。 The present invention has been completed in accordance with the above-mentioned novelty, and the gist of the invention is as follows.
(1)兩片式罐用高強度鋼板,其特徵為:其組成分以質量%計,係含有C:0.020%以上0.080%以下、Si:0.04%以下、Mn:0.10%以上0.60%以下、P:0.02%以下、S:0.015%以下、Al:0.010%以上0.100%以下、N:0.0005%以上0.0030%以下,其餘部分由Fe以及不可避免的雜質所組成,拉伸強度為480MPa以上,伸長率為7%以上,降伏伸長率為3%以下,肥粒鐵粒徑未達6μm。 (1) A high-strength steel sheet for a two-piece can, characterized in that the composition thereof contains, by mass%, C: 0.020% or more and 0.080% or less, Si: 0.04% or less, and Mn: 0.10% or more and 0.60% or less. P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.015% or less, Al: 0.010% or more and 0.100% or less, N: 0.0005% or more and 0.0030% or less, and the balance is composed of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the tensile strength is 480 MPa or more and elongation. The rate is 7% or more, the elongation at break is 3% or less, and the particle size of the ferrite is less than 6 μm.
(2)此外,係一種如前述(1)所述的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板,其特徵為:以質量%計,又含有B:0.0001%以上0.0030%以下。 (2) The two-piece high-strength steel sheet for cans according to the above (1), which is characterized by further containing B: 0.0001% or more and 0.0030% or less by mass%.
(3)一種兩片式罐用高強度鋼板的製造方法,係用來製造如(1)或(2)所述的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板的製造方法,其特徵為:具有將胚料進行加熱到1130℃以上的加熱溫度之加熱工序、 將前述加熱工序後的胚料,在820~930℃的熱軋精製溫度的條件下,進行熱軋的熱軋工序、將前述熱軋工序所獲得的熱軋鋼板,在640℃以下的捲取溫度進行捲取的捲取工序、將前述捲取工序後的熱軋鋼板進行酸洗的酸洗工序、將前述酸洗後的熱軋鋼板,在85%以上的軋縮率的條件下,進行一次冷軋的一次冷軋工序、將前述一次冷軋工序所獲得的冷軋鋼板,在620℃以上690℃以下的退火溫度的條件下,進行連續退火的連續退火工序、以及將前述連續退火工序所獲得的退火鋼板,在6~20%的軋縮率的條件下,進行二次冷軋的二次冷軋工序。 (3) A method for producing a two-piece high-strength steel sheet for cans, which is a method for producing a two-piece high-strength steel sheet for cans according to (1) or (2), which is characterized in that: Heating the heating to a heating temperature of 1130 ° C or higher, The hot-rolled hot rolling step of the billet after the heating step is performed at a hot-rolling refining temperature of 820 to 930 ° C, and the hot-rolled steel sheet obtained by the hot-rolling step is wound at 640 ° C or lower. The winding step of winding the temperature, the pickling step of pickling the hot-rolled steel sheet after the winding step, and the hot-rolled steel sheet after the pickling are performed under conditions of a rolling reduction ratio of 85% or more a cold rolling step of primary cold rolling, a cold-rolled steel sheet obtained by the primary cold rolling step, a continuous annealing step of continuous annealing at an annealing temperature of 620 ° C to 690 ° C, and a continuous annealing step The obtained annealed steel sheet is subjected to a secondary cold rolling step of secondary cold rolling under conditions of a rolling reduction ratio of 6 to 20%.
本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板,被調整成具有特定的組成分,並且被調整成:拉伸強度為480MPa以上、伸長率為7%以上、降伏伸長率為3%以下、肥粒鐵粒徑未達6.0μm。其結果,本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板係具有:罐底所要求的優異的強度,並且具有罐身所要求的優異的成形性。因此,只要使用本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板,即可很容易製造兩片式異形罐。 The two-piece high-strength steel sheet for cans of the present invention is adjusted to have a specific composition and is adjusted to have a tensile strength of 480 MPa or more, an elongation of 7% or more, and an elongation at break of 3% or less. The iron particle size is less than 6.0 μm. As a result, the high-strength steel sheet for a two-piece can of the present invention has excellent strength required for the bottom of the can, and has excellent formability required for the can body. Therefore, it is easy to manufacture a two-piece shaped can as long as the high-strength steel sheet for a two-piece can of the present invention is used.
如上所述,根據本發明,係可使製造食品罐和飲料罐等所使用的鋼板達成薄型化,並且達成省資源化以及低成本化,具有產業上的可利用性的效果。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the steel sheet used for the production of food cans, beverage cans, and the like, and to achieve resource saving and cost reduction, and to have industrial applicability.
以下,將說明本發明的實施方式。但本發明並未僅限定在以下的實施方式。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板,其組成分以質量%計,係含有C:0.020%以上0.080%以下、Si:0.04%以下、Mn:0.10%以上0.60%以下、P:0.02%以下、S:0.015%以下、Al:0.010%以上0.100%以下、N:0.0005%以上0.0030%以下,其餘部分由Fe以及不可避免的雜質所組成。 The high-strength steel sheet for a two-piece can of the present invention contains C: 0.020% or more and 0.080% or less, Si: 0.04% or less, Mn: 0.10% or more and 0.60% or less, and P: 0.02%. Hereinafter, S: 0.015% or less, Al: 0.010% or more and 0.100% or less, and N: 0.0005% or more and 0.0030% or less, and the balance is composed of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
又,關於本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板的物性,拉伸強度為480MPa以上、伸長率為7%以上、降伏伸長率為3%以下。 Moreover, the physical properties of the two-piece high-strength steel sheet for cans of the present invention have a tensile strength of 480 MPa or more, an elongation of 7% or more, and a creep elongation of 3% or less.
又,本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板的組織,是肥粒鐵粒徑未達6μm的組織。 Further, the structure of the high-strength steel sheet for a two-piece can of the present invention is a structure in which the particle size of the ferrite iron is less than 6 μm.
以下,將依序地說明本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板的組成分、物性、組織。 Hereinafter, the composition, physical properties, and structure of the high-strength steel sheet for a two-piece can of the present invention will be described in order.
如上所述,本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板,其組成分以質量%計,係含有C:0.020%以上0.080%以下、Si:0.04%以下、Mn:0.10%以上0.60%以下、P:0.02%以下、S:0.015%以下、Al:0.010%以上0.100%以下、N:0.0005%以上0.0030%以下,其餘部分由Fe以及 不可避免的雜質所組成。採用這種組成分的理由如下所述。此外,以下的說明中,表示各成分的含量的「%」係指「質量%」。 As described above, the high-strength steel sheet for a two-piece can of the present invention contains C: 0.020% or more and 0.080% or less, Si: 0.04% or less, and Mn: 0.10% or more and 0.60% or less in terms of mass%. P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.015% or less, Al: 0.010% or more and 0.100% or less, N: 0.0005% or more and 0.0030% or less, and the rest is Fe and It is composed of inevitable impurities. The reason for using this component is as follows. In the following description, "%" indicating the content of each component means "% by mass".
C是提昇強度之重要的元素。藉由將C含量控制在0.020%以上,可使拉伸強度達到480MPa以上。又,若C含量超過0.080%的話,伸長率將會降低成未達7%,製罐性將會變差。因此,必須將C含量的上限設定在0.080%。又,C含量愈多的話,肥粒鐵粒徑愈細微化,愈高強度化。因此,C含量是設定在0.030%以上為宜。又,基於確保製罐性的觀點考量,係將C含量設在0.060%以下為宜。 C is an important element for improving strength. By controlling the C content to 0.020% or more, the tensile strength can be made 480 MPa or more. Further, if the C content exceeds 0.080%, the elongation will be reduced to less than 7%, and the potability will be deteriorated. Therefore, the upper limit of the C content must be set to 0.080%. Further, the more the C content is, the finer the particle size of the ferrite iron is, and the higher the strength is. Therefore, it is preferred that the C content be set to 0.030% or more. Moreover, it is preferable to set the C content to 0.060% or less based on the viewpoint of ensuring the potability.
Si含量過多的話,將因為表面濃化而導致表面處理性惡化,耐腐蝕性變差。因此,必須將Si含量設在0.04%以下。更好是在0.03%以下。 When the Si content is too large, the surface treatment property is deteriorated due to the concentration of the surface, and the corrosion resistance is deteriorated. Therefore, the Si content must be set to 0.04% or less. More preferably, it is below 0.03%.
Mn是具有藉由固溶強化而提昇鋼板的硬度之效果。此外,Mn係可藉由形成MnS來防止因鋼中含有的S所導致的熱間延性變差的現象。想要獲得這種效果的話,必須將Mn含量設在0.10%以上。尤其是想要利用Mn的固溶 強化來獲得:即使在進行DR輥軋時降低軋縮率依舊可以確保拉伸強度之這種功效的話,係將Mn含量設在0.30%以上為宜。如果Mn含量超過0.60%的話,伸長率將會明顯降低,製罐性將會變差,因此必須將Mn含量設在0.60%以下。 Mn has an effect of increasing the hardness of the steel sheet by solid solution strengthening. Further, the Mn system can prevent the deterioration of the thermal ductility due to S contained in the steel by forming MnS. In order to obtain such an effect, the Mn content must be set to 0.10% or more. Especially want to use solid solution of Mn Intensification is obtained: even if the reduction of the rolling reduction rate during the DR rolling can ensure the effect of the tensile strength, it is preferable to set the Mn content to 0.30% or more. If the Mn content exceeds 0.60%, the elongation will be remarkably lowered, and the potability will be deteriorated, so the Mn content must be set to 0.60% or less.
P含量過多的話,將會太過硬質化或者因為產生中央偏析而導致成形性變差。又,P含量過多的話,耐腐蝕性會變差。因此,將P含量的上限設在0.02%。 If the P content is too large, it will be too hard or the formability will be deteriorated due to the occurrence of central segregation. Further, when the P content is too large, the corrosion resistance is deteriorated. Therefore, the upper limit of the P content is set to 0.02%.
S係在鋼中形成硫化物,因而降低熱間延性。所以係將S含量的上限設在0.015%以下。 The S system forms sulfides in the steel, thereby reducing the thermal ductility. Therefore, the upper limit of the S content is set to be 0.015% or less.
Al係會與N形成AlN,藉此,可減少鋼中的固溶N,使降伏伸長率降低,可抑制拉伸變形紋。因此,必須將Al含量設在0.010%以上。基於降低降伏伸長率來提昇製罐性的觀點考量,係將Al含量設定在0.050%以上為宜,設在0.060%以上更好。又,Al含量過剩的話,將會產生大量的氧化鋁,氧化鋁會殘留在鋼板內而使製罐性變差。因此,必須將Al含量設在0.100%以下。更好是0.080%以下。 The Al system forms AlN with N, whereby the solid solution N in the steel can be reduced, the elongation at break can be lowered, and the tensile deformation can be suppressed. Therefore, it is necessary to set the Al content to 0.010% or more. It is preferable to set the Al content to be 0.050% or more based on the viewpoint of lowering the elongation at break to improve the potability, and it is more preferable to set it at 0.060% or more. Further, when the Al content is excessive, a large amount of alumina is generated, and the alumina remains in the steel sheet to deteriorate the potability. Therefore, the Al content must be set to 0.100% or less. More preferably, it is 0.080% or less.
N若作為固溶N存在的話,降伏伸長率將會增加,會產生拉伸變形紋,表面外觀會變得不良,製罐性會變差。因此,必須將N含量設在0.0030%以下。更好是0.0025%以下。另一方面,也很難將N含量穩定地控制在未達0.0005%,如果想要將N含量控制在未達0.0005%的話,製造成本也會上昇。因此,乃將N含量的下限設在0.0005%。 If N is present as solid solution N, the elongation at break will increase, and tensile deformation will occur, the appearance of the surface will become poor, and the potability will be deteriorated. Therefore, the N content must be set to 0.0030% or less. More preferably, it is 0.0025% or less. On the other hand, it is also difficult to stably control the N content to less than 0.0005%, and if it is desired to control the N content to less than 0.0005%, the manufacturing cost also rises. Therefore, the lower limit of the N content is set to 0.0005%.
本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板,除了上述必須成分之外,亦可將B當作可隨意添加的成分,在0.0030%以下的範圍內含有B。 In the high-strength steel sheet for a two-piece can of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned essential components, B may be regarded as a component which can be optionally added, and B is contained in a range of 0.0030% or less.
B係可與N形成BN而使固溶N減少,因而使降伏伸長率降低。因此,含有B較好,為了獲得添加B所產生的效果,係將B含量設在0.0001%以上為宜,0.0003%以上更好。但若B過剩含有的話,不僅是上述的效果趨於飽和,伸長率也會降低,異方性惡化而導致製罐性變差。因此,將B含量的上限設在0.0030%為宜。 The B system can form BN with N to reduce the solid solution N, thereby lowering the elongation at break. Therefore, B is preferably contained, and in order to obtain the effect of adding B, the B content is preferably 0.0001% or more, more preferably 0.0003% or more. However, if B is excessively contained, not only the above effect tends to be saturated, but also the elongation is lowered, and the anisotropy is deteriorated, resulting in deterioration of the potability. Therefore, it is preferable to set the upper limit of the B content to 0.0030%.
此外,除了上述必須成分以及可隨意添加的成分以外的其餘部分,係Fe以及不可避免的雜質。不可避免的雜質,係可舉出Cr:0.08%以下,Cu:0.02%以下,Ni:0.02%以下,O:0.006%以下等。 Further, in addition to the above-mentioned essential components and the components which can be optionally added, Fe and unavoidable impurities are contained. Examples of unavoidable impurities include Cr: 0.08% or less, Cu: 0.02% or less, Ni: 0.02% or less, and O: 0.006% or less.
其次,說明本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板的物性。如上所述,本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板,拉伸強度為480MPa以上,伸長率為7%以上,降伏伸長率為3%以下。各物性在技術層面上的意義係如下所述,但本發明將這些物性、上述的組成分、後述的組織予以組合在一起,因而能夠兼具:罐底所要求的優異的強度以及罐身所要求的優異的成形性,的這一點上也是重要的技術層面上的意義之一。 Next, the physical properties of the high-strength steel sheet for a two-piece can of the present invention will be described. As described above, the high-strength steel sheet for a two-piece can of the present invention has a tensile strength of 480 MPa or more, an elongation of 7% or more, and an elongation at break of 3% or less. The technical significance of each physical property is as follows. However, the present invention combines these physical properties, the above-described components, and the structures described later, so that it can have both the excellent strength required for the bottom of the can and the can body. This is also an important technical significance in terms of the excellent formability required.
為了確保罐底部的強度,必須將鋼板的拉伸強度調整到480MPa以上。更好是490MPa以上。此外,鋼板的拉伸強度,係採用根據實施例所記載的方法所測定而得的數值。又,在本發明中,通常的拉伸強度是580MPa以下。 In order to ensure the strength of the bottom of the can, the tensile strength of the steel plate must be adjusted to 480 MPa or more. More preferably, it is 490 MPa or more. Further, the tensile strength of the steel sheet was measured by the method described in the examples. Further, in the present invention, the usual tensile strength is 580 MPa or less.
除了衝拉暨引縮加工之外,為了確保凸波紋等的罐身加工性,必須將伸長率調整到7%以上。更好是9%以上。藉由將鋼成分含量調整到既定的範圍,並且依據後述的製造條件,將肥粒鐵粒徑細微化,既可獲得480MPa以上的高強度,又可獲得7%以上的伸長率,因此可確保良好的製罐性。此外,鋼板的伸長率,係採用根據實施例所記載的方法所測定而得的數值。又,在本發明中通常的伸長率 是25%以下。 In addition to the punching and shrinking processing, in order to ensure the workability of the can body such as the convex corrugations, the elongation must be adjusted to 7% or more. Better is 9% or more. By adjusting the steel component content to a predetermined range and making the ferrite iron particle diameter finer according to the production conditions described later, it is possible to obtain a high strength of 480 MPa or more and an elongation of 7% or more, thereby ensuring Good canning properties. Further, the elongation of the steel sheet was measured by the method described in the examples. Also, the usual elongation in the present invention It is 25% or less.
為了防止製罐時的拉伸變形紋,必須將降伏伸長率調整在3%以下。更好是在2%以下。此外,鋼板的降伏伸長率,係採用根據實施例所記載的方法所測定而得的數值。 In order to prevent tensile deformation during canning, it is necessary to adjust the elongation at break to 3% or less. Better is below 2%. Further, the elongation at break of the steel sheet was measured by the method described in the examples.
其次,說明本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板的組織。本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板的組織中的肥粒鐵粒徑是未達6μm。 Next, the structure of the two-piece high-strength steel sheet for cans of the present invention will be described. The particle size of the ferrite iron in the structure of the high-strength steel sheet for a two-piece can of the present invention is less than 6 μm.
除了將鋼板的組成分以上述的含量範圍進行調整之外,藉由將肥粒鐵粒徑細微化,可提昇高強度化與伸長率之兩者的均衡性。因此,必須將肥粒鐵粒徑控制在未達6.0μm。此外,藉由將肥粒鐵粒徑予以細微化成未達6.0μm,以將降伏伸長率予以降低到3%以下,也會具有提昇披覆在鋼板上的樹脂與鋼板表面之間的密合性的效果。基於這種觀點考量,肥粒鐵粒徑是設定在5.5μm以下為宜。此外,如實施例所記載,粒徑係指:平均結晶粒徑。 In addition to adjusting the composition of the steel sheet in the above-described content range, the balance between the high strength and the elongation can be improved by making the grain size of the ferrite iron fine. Therefore, it is necessary to control the particle size of the ferrite iron to be less than 6.0 μm. In addition, by miniaturizing the particle size of the ferrite iron to less than 6.0 μm to lower the elongation at break to less than 3%, it also improves the adhesion between the resin coated on the steel sheet and the surface of the steel sheet. Effect. Based on this point of view, it is preferable to set the particle size of the ferrite iron to be 5.5 μm or less. Further, as described in the examples, the particle diameter means an average crystal grain size.
本發明基於提昇伸長率的理由考量,係將組織中的肥粒鐵相的含量調整到95vol%以上為宜。更好是98vol%以上。至於肥粒鐵相以外的其他相,係可舉出:雪明鐵、波來鐵、麻田散鐵、變韌鐵等。 The present invention is based on the consideration of the reason for increasing the elongation, and it is preferable to adjust the content of the ferrite-grain iron phase in the structure to 95 vol% or more. More preferably, it is 98 vol% or more. As for the other phases other than the iron phase of the ferrite, it is exemplified by: snow, iron, ferritic, and toughened iron.
<兩片式罐用高強度鋼板的製造方法> <Method for Producing High Strength Steel Sheet for Two-Piece Cans>
本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板的製造方法之一例,係可舉出具有:加熱工序、熱軋工序、捲取工序、酸洗工序、一次冷軋工序、連續退火工序、二次冷軋工序之製造方法。以下,將就各工序進行說明。 An example of the method for producing a two-piece high-strength steel sheet for a can according to the present invention includes a heating step, a hot rolling step, a coiling step, a pickling step, a primary cold rolling step, a continuous annealing step, and a secondary cooling. Manufacturing method of the rolling process. Hereinafter, each step will be described.
加熱工序,係指:將胚料進行加熱到1130℃以上的加熱溫度的工序。熱軋前的加熱溫度太低的話,一部分的AlN尚未熔解。這個未熔解就是產生會使製罐性變差之粗大的AlN之主要原因。因此,乃將加熱工序時的加熱溫度,設在1130℃以上。更好是在1150℃以上。加熱溫度的上限雖然並未特別規定,但是,加熱溫度太高的話,將會產生太多的鏽皮,成為製品表面的缺陷。因此,係將加熱溫度的上限設在1260℃為宜。 The heating step refers to a step of heating the billet to a heating temperature of 1130 ° C or higher. When the heating temperature before hot rolling is too low, a part of AlN has not been melted. This unmelting is the main cause of the coarse AlN which deteriorates the potability. Therefore, the heating temperature in the heating step is set to 1130 ° C or higher. More preferably, it is above 1150 °C. Although the upper limit of the heating temperature is not particularly specified, if the heating temperature is too high, too much scale will be generated, which may become a defect on the surface of the product. Therefore, it is preferred to set the upper limit of the heating temperature to 1,260 °C.
又,胚料的組成分將會成為兩片式罐用高強度鋼板的組成分,因此,必須將胚料的組成分,予以調整成可符合上述的本發明的兩片式用高強度鋼板的組成分。 Further, the composition of the billet becomes a component of the high-strength steel sheet for the two-piece can, and therefore, the composition of the billet must be adjusted to conform to the above-described two-piece high-strength steel sheet of the present invention. Group ingredients.
熱軋工序,係指:將加熱工序後的胚料,在820~930℃的熱軋精製溫度的條件下,進行熱軋的工序。如果熱軋精製溫度高於930℃的話,熱軋鋼板中的肥粒鐵的粒徑將會變得粗大,退火鋼板中的肥粒鐵粒徑將會變得粗 大,拉伸強度會降低,拉伸強度與伸長率之兩者的均衡性也會變差。因此,將熱軋精製溫度的上限設在930℃。又,如果熱軋精製溫度未達820℃的話,拉伸特性的異方性將會變大,製罐性會變差。因此,乃將熱軋精製溫度的下限設在820℃。更好的下限是860℃。 The hot rolling step is a step of hot rolling the billet after the heating step under the conditions of a hot rolling refining temperature of 820 to 930 °C. If the hot rolling refining temperature is higher than 930 ° C, the particle size of the ferrite iron in the hot rolled steel sheet will become coarse, and the particle size of the ferrite iron in the annealed steel sheet will become coarse. When the tensile strength is lowered, the balance between the tensile strength and the elongation is also deteriorated. Therefore, the upper limit of the hot rolling refining temperature is set at 930 °C. Moreover, if the hot rolling refining temperature is less than 820 ° C, the anisotropy of the tensile properties will become large, and the potability will be deteriorated. Therefore, the lower limit of the hot rolling refining temperature is set at 820 °C. A better lower limit is 860 °C.
捲取工序,係指:將熱軋工序所獲得的熱軋鋼板,在640℃以下的捲取溫度進行捲取的工序。如果捲取溫度超過640℃的話,熱軋鋼板中的肥粒鐵的粒徑將會變得粗大,退火鋼板中的肥粒鐵粒徑將會變得粗大,拉伸強度會降低,拉伸強度與伸長率之兩者的均衡性也會變差。因此,乃將捲取溫度的上限設在640℃。捲取溫度的下限雖然並未特別規定,但基於想要在進行捲取中,生成AlN以減少固溶N的量,以減低降伏伸長率的觀點考量,將捲取溫度設在570℃以上為宜。 The coiling step refers to a step of winding up the hot-rolled steel sheet obtained in the hot rolling step at a coiling temperature of 640 ° C or lower. If the coiling temperature exceeds 640 ° C, the particle size of the ferrite iron in the hot-rolled steel sheet will become coarse, the grain size of the ferrite iron in the annealed steel sheet will become coarse, the tensile strength will decrease, and the tensile strength will be lowered. The balance between the two and the elongation also deteriorates. Therefore, the upper limit of the coiling temperature is set at 640 °C. Although the lower limit of the coiling temperature is not particularly specified, it is considered that the amount of solid solution N is reduced in order to reduce the elongation at break in order to reduce the elongation at break, and the coiling temperature is set to 570 ° C or higher. should.
酸洗工序,係指:將捲取工序後的熱軋鋼板進行酸洗的工序。酸洗條件,係只要能夠除去表層鏽皮的話即可,並未特別地規定條件。係可利用一般常用的方法來進行酸洗。 The pickling step refers to a step of pickling the hot-rolled steel sheet after the coiling step. The pickling conditions are as long as the surface scale can be removed, and the conditions are not particularly specified. The pickling can be carried out by a commonly used method.
一次冷軋工序,係指:將上述酸洗後的熱軋鋼板,以85%以上的軋縮率的條件下,進行一次冷軋的工序。一次冷軋的軋縮率,為了要使退火後的肥粒鐵粒徑細微化,提昇拉伸強度與成形性之兩者的均衡性,必須設在85%以上。一次冷軋時的軋縮率太大的話,有時候拉伸特性的異方性將會變大,製罐性會變差。因此,一次冷軋的軋縮率,係設在90%以下為宜。 The primary cold rolling step is a step of subjecting the hot-rolled steel sheet after the pickling to a cold rolling at a rolling reduction ratio of 85% or more. The rolling reduction ratio of the primary cold rolling is required to be 85% or more in order to make the grain size of the ferrite iron after annealing finer and to improve the balance between the tensile strength and the formability. When the rolling reduction ratio at the time of cold rolling is too large, the anisotropy of the tensile property may become large, and the potability may be deteriorated. Therefore, the rolling reduction rate of one cold rolling is preferably 90% or less.
連續退火工序,係指:將一次冷軋工序所獲得的冷軋鋼板,以退火溫度為620℃以上690℃以下的條件下,進行連續退火的工序。為了確保成形性,必須在退火中使其充分地再結晶,因此必須將退火溫度設在620℃以上。又,如果退火溫度太高的話,肥粒鐵粒徑將變得粗大化,因此必須將退火溫度設在690℃以下。退火方法雖然並未做限定,但是基於材質均一性的觀點考量,係採用連續退火法為宜。 The continuous annealing step is a step of continuously annealing the cold-rolled steel sheet obtained in the primary cold rolling step under the conditions of an annealing temperature of 620 ° C to 690 ° C. In order to ensure formability, it is necessary to sufficiently recrystallize it during annealing, and therefore it is necessary to set the annealing temperature to 620 ° C or higher. Further, if the annealing temperature is too high, the grain size of the ferrite iron becomes coarse, and therefore the annealing temperature must be set to 690 ° C or lower. Although the annealing method is not limited, it is preferable to use a continuous annealing method based on the viewpoint of material uniformity.
二次冷軋工序,係指:將連續退火工序所獲得的退火鋼板,在6~20%的軋縮率的條件下,進行二次冷軋的工序。退火鋼板,將會因為實施了二次冷軋而更為高強度化,並且更薄型化。為了謀求充分的高強度化,必須將軋縮率設成6%以上。此外,因為實施了二次冷軋,降伏伸 長率將會減少。又,如果二次冷軋時的軋縮率太高的話,成形性將會惡化。因此,必須將軋縮率設成20%以下。對於成形性有特別要求的情況下,係將軋縮率設成15%以下為宜。 The secondary cold rolling step is a step of performing secondary cold rolling on the annealed steel sheet obtained in the continuous annealing step under the conditions of a rolling reduction ratio of 6 to 20%. The annealed steel sheet is further strengthened by secondary cold rolling and is made thinner. In order to achieve sufficient strength, it is necessary to set the rolling reduction ratio to 6% or more. In addition, because of the implementation of secondary cold rolling, the relief The long rate will be reduced. Further, if the rolling reduction ratio at the time of secondary cold rolling is too high, the formability will deteriorate. Therefore, it is necessary to set the rolling reduction ratio to 20% or less. When there is a special requirement for moldability, it is preferable to set the rolling reduction ratio to 15% or less.
藉由上述的工序,可製得本發明的兩片式罐用高強度鋼板。亦可再實施鍍錫、鍍鎳、鍍鉻之類的鍍覆處理,來作為鋼板的表面處理,而且亦可再實施:化成處理或包膜之類的有機披膜。 According to the above process, the two-piece high-strength steel sheet for cans of the present invention can be obtained. It is also possible to perform a plating treatment such as tin plating, nickel plating, or chrome plating as a surface treatment of the steel sheet, and an organic film such as a chemical conversion treatment or a coating film may be further applied.
將含有表1所示的鋼記號A~K的成分,其餘部分由Fe以及不可避的雜質所組成的鋼進行熔製,而獲得鋼胚料。將所獲得的鋼胚料,依照表2所示的條件,進行加熱後,熱軋,捲取,酸洗以除去鏽皮之後,進行一次冷軋,在連續退火爐中,根據各自的退火溫度實施15秒鐘的退火,再依據表2所示的二次軋縮率,進行DR輥軋(二次冷軋),而獲得板厚度為0.17~0.19mm的鋼板(鋼板記號No.1~18)。對於上述鋼板,實施鍍鉻(不含錫)處理,來當作表面處理之後,製作成:披覆了有機披膜的包膜鋼板。 The steel billet was obtained by melting the steel containing the components A to K shown in Table 1 and the remainder of the steel consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The obtained steel billet is heated according to the conditions shown in Table 2, hot-rolled, coiled, and pickled to remove the scale, and then subjected to cold rolling once, in the continuous annealing furnace, according to the respective annealing temperatures. Annealing for 15 seconds, and performing DR rolling (secondary cold rolling) according to the secondary reduction ratio shown in Table 2, and obtaining a steel plate having a thickness of 0.17 to 0.19 mm (steel plate No. 1 to 18) ). The above-mentioned steel sheet was subjected to chrome plating (without tin) treatment to prepare a surface-treated steel sheet which was coated with an organic film.
利用濃硫酸從上述包膜鋼板除去有機披膜之後,從輥軋方向上採取出日本工業規格JIS 5號的拉伸試驗測試片,並且依照日本工業規格JIS Z 2241的規定,針對於:拉伸強度、伸長率(總伸長率)、降伏伸長率進行了評比。 After the organic film was removed from the above-mentioned coated steel sheet by concentrated sulfuric acid, a tensile test piece of Japanese Industrial Standard JIS No. 5 was taken from the rolling direction, and according to the Japanese Industrial Standard JIS Z 2241, Strength, elongation (total elongation), and elongation at break were evaluated.
埋入輥軋方向的斷面內,進行研磨後,利用硝酸腐蝕液進行腐蝕來使肥粒鐵結晶粒的粒界出現之後,依照日本工業規格JIS G 0551的規定,利用切斷法來測定平均結晶粒徑,對於肥粒鐵粒徑進行了評比。 After being embedded in the cross section in the rolling direction, after polishing, the grain boundary of the ferrite-grain crystal grains is formed by etching with a nitric acid etching solution, and then the average is measured by the cutting method according to the Japanese Industrial Standard JIS G 0551. The crystal grain size was evaluated for the grain size of the ferrite.
為了對於製罐性進行評比,將上述的包膜鋼板衝製成圓形之後,實施了深衝拉加工、引縮加工等,製罐成圓筒形之後,在罐身部的高度的中央以及上下各15mm之合計三個地方,在罐的圓周方向上實施凸波紋加工,成形出:與飲料罐所適用的兩片式罐同樣的罐體。製罐時未產生破洞並且幾乎看不到有拉伸變形紋的樣品係被評比為「◎」,雖然未產生破洞,但看得出有輕微的拉伸變形紋的樣品係被評比為「○」,有破洞或者拉伸變形紋明顯的樣品係被評比為「×」。 In order to evaluate the can-making property, the above-mentioned coated steel sheet is punched into a circular shape, and then deep drawing processing, shrinking processing, and the like are performed, and after the can is formed into a cylindrical shape, the center of the height of the can body portion and In a total of 15 mm of the upper and lower sides, a convex corrugation process was performed in the circumferential direction of the can to form the same can body as the two-piece can used for the beverage can. The sample which was not broken when the can was produced and the tensile deformation was almost invisible was evaluated as "◎". Although no holes were formed, it was found that the sample with slight tensile deformation was evaluated as "○", a sample with a hole or a stretched deformation pattern was rated as "X".
將結果標示在表3。本發明例的每一個都是拉 伸強度為480MPa以上,伸長率為7%以上,降伏伸長率為3%以下,肥粒鐵粒徑是未達6.0μm,具有優異的成形性與強度。另一方面,比較例則是在上述特性的其中一項以上表現不佳。例如鋼板記號No.9、11、13、17,雖然製罐性評比是「○」,但是鋼板的拉伸強度較低,對於罐底部而言,並無法達到充分的強度。 The results are shown in Table 3. Each of the examples of the present invention is pulled The tensile strength is 480 MPa or more, the elongation is 7% or more, the elongation at break is 3% or less, and the particle size of the ferrite iron is less than 6.0 μm, and has excellent formability and strength. On the other hand, the comparative example is inferior in one or more of the above characteristics. For example, in the case of the steel plate marks No. 9, 11, 13, and 17, the potability evaluation is "○", but the tensile strength of the steel sheet is low, and sufficient strength cannot be obtained for the bottom of the can.
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