TW201538121A - 脊柱、整型或創傷手術用之螺絲元件及其系統 - Google Patents
脊柱、整型或創傷手術用之螺絲元件及其系統 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一種脊柱、整型或創傷手術用之螺絲元件,含螺絲軸線(S)和螺絲螺紋(3);可供與螺絲起子(20)結合之驅動部(6),其中驅動部(6)包括第一凹部(7)有壁,和壁上所形成實質上縱向延伸之驅動凹溝(8),第二凹部(9)介於螺絲元件(1,1')自由端(5)和第一凹部(7)間,其中第二凹部(9)有壁,朝自由端(5)逐漸加大內徑;且其中在第二凹部(9)壁,相當於驅動凹溝(8)之位置形成導引凹溝(10),使螺絲起子的結合部(30)可被導引進入驅動凹溝(8)內。又提供系統,包含螺絲元件及其適用之螺絲起子。
Description
本發明係關於一種脊柱、整型或創傷手術用之螺絲元件,和適用於螺絲元件之螺絲起子。螺絲元件包含驅動部,可與螺絲起子結合,其中驅動部包括驅動凹溝,與螺絲起子相對應結合凸部結合,和導引凹溝,構成引導螺絲起子結合部進入驅動凹溝。螺絲元件可特別用於最低傷害性手術,和其他程序,諸如最少通口的手術,減少觀視和/或至開刀位置之通口。
特別是在脊柱手術中,已知的開刀技術包含步驟為,在螺絲元件置入椎莖後,把多軸式莖釘之容納件安裝於原位螺絲元件。例如,在稱為莖間最少通口手術之開刀技術中,要開一小切口,透過此小切口處理脊椎之若干運動小節。首先,把螺絲元件連同球形頭部,使用把持螺絲元件的儀器,插入椎莖內,使其無法意外脫離儀器,進而當做螺絲起子,插入螺絲元件。螺絲元件插入椎莖至某一深度,可能不是螺絲元件之最後深度。第二步驟是借助例如X光影像,測定實際插入深度,然後根據此X光影像,調節插入深度至所需深度。最後,把容納件安裝於螺絲元件上,將穩定桿件連接到容納件。
在正確調節螺絲元件插入深度之步驟中,使用螺絲起子,構成結合螺絲元件之驅動部。使用已知螺絲元件和螺絲起子,如果對開刀位置之視覺受限,或個別螺絲元件根據看不見,則對螺絲元件驅動部之定位,可能有時會成問題。
本發明之目的,在於提供一種螺絲元件,以及螺絲元件和適
用相對應螺絲起子之系統,得以快速安全方式,進行調節插入深度。
此目的是利用申請專利範圍第1項之螺絲元件,和申請專利範圍第14項包括此等螺絲元件和適於螺絲元件驅動部的螺絲起子之系統。進一步發展列於申請專利範圍附屬項。
螺絲元件得以使用螺絲起子更容易定位其驅動部。而且方便螺絲起子的結合部插入螺絲元件之驅動部內。所以,在以稍微傾斜方式應用螺絲起子情況時,螺絲元件驅動部之設計,會影響螺絲軸線與螺絲起子軸線之對準。螺絲起子是無任何複雜功能之儀器,故得以容易且方便處置。
螺絲元件可為有頭部之骨骼螺絲,包括驅動部。惟亦可為固定螺絲,用做多軸式骨骼螺絲或骨骼板的容納件內之鎖定元件。更一般而言,在開刀處視線不良或看不見之情況下,需調節業已安置的螺絲位置時,可用此螺絲元件。
本發明其他特點和優點,由附圖所示具體例之說明,即可明白。
1,1'‧‧‧螺絲元件
2‧‧‧幹部
3‧‧‧骨骼螺紋
4‧‧‧頭部
5‧‧‧自由端
6‧‧‧驅動部
7‧‧‧第一凹部
7a‧‧‧第一凹部上端
7b‧‧‧第一凹部下端
8‧‧‧驅動凹溝
9‧‧‧第二凹部
10‧‧‧導引凹溝
11,11'‧‧‧中間部
11a,11a'‧‧‧中間部斜壁
20‧‧‧螺絲起子
21‧‧‧驅動軸
22‧‧‧柄部
30‧‧‧結合部
31‧‧‧結合凸部
31a‧‧‧傾斜前端表面
32‧‧‧自由端表面
40‧‧‧固定螺絲
50‧‧‧多軸式骨骼固定裝置
51‧‧‧容納件
52‧‧‧U形凹部
60‧‧‧骨骼板
100‧‧‧椎骨
200‧‧‧桿件
Bg‧‧‧導引凹溝底部線
Bd‧‧‧驅動凹溝底部線
S‧‧‧螺絲軸線
第1圖為第一具體例螺絲元件之透視圖,其中螺絲起子一部份適配螺絲元件之驅動部;第2圖為第1圖之細部放大圖;第3圖為第1和2圖之俯視透視圖;第4圖為第1至3圖所示螺絲元件之俯視圖;第5圖為第1至4圖所示螺絲元件沿第4圖A-A線之斷面圖;第6圖為螺絲起子之側視圖,其結合部適配第1至5圖所示螺絲元件之驅動部;第7圖為第6圖所示螺絲起子結合部之放大透視圖;第8圖為修飾具體例所示螺絲元件之俯視透視圖;第9圖為第一具體例螺絲元件和螺絲起子使用步驟之放大透視圖;第10圖為螺絲起子插入深度調節步驟透視圖;第11a至11c圖為第一具體例所示螺絲元件驅動部和螺絲起子結合部結合步驟之斷面圖;
第12圖為螺絲元件第二具體例連同多軸式骨骼固定器之透視圖;第13圖為螺絲元件與骨骼板連接之又一應用透視圖。
參見第1至5圖,第一具體例之螺絲元件1,包括幹部2,在幹部2至少一部份有骨骼螺紋3,以及頭部4。幹部2構成可插入骨骼,尤其是椎莖內。螺絲軸線S是以骨骼螺紋3軸線界定。頭部4具有球體截面形狀,在幹部2對立側為自由端5。骨骼螺紋3界定螺絲軸線S。在自由端5,設有驅動部6,構成與螺絲起子結合部結合。驅動部6詳後說明。
具有驅動部6的螺絲元件1和螺絲起子之系統,包含螺絲起子20,具有結合部30,適於與螺絲元件1之驅動部6結合。
詳見第3至5圖,螺絲元件1之驅動部6包括第一凹部7,位於離自由端5有一段距離,呈實質上圓筒形主要輪廓,有主要內徑,而圓筒軸線即為螺絲軸線S。在實質上圓筒形第一凹部7之圓筒壁,形成縱向驅動凹溝8。驅動凹溝8各包括底部線Bd,與螺絲軸線S平行(見第5圖)。驅動凹溝8在垂直於螺絲軸線S的平面之斷面,呈實質上圓形截面形。驅動凹溝8俯視圖呈星形方式配置,見第4圖。在特別具體例中,第一凹部7連同驅動凹溝8形成梅花形驅動結構,構成利用螺絲起子的梅花形結合部結合。凹部7上端7a定位在離頭部4自由端5有一段距離。第一凹部7從上端7a至下端7b之軸向深度,實質上相當於此類螺絲元件所用通常驅動凹部之深度。換言之,具有驅動凹溝8的第一凹部7尺寸,足以對螺絲元件1施加必要之扭矩。
在第一凹部7和自由端5之間,有第二凹部9,從自由端5往第一凹部7呈錐形斜縮。詳言之,第二凹部9之下方直徑,比第一凹部7主要直徑稍大,而第二凹部9上方直徑比下方直徑大。第二凹部9在軸向深度,相當於第一凹部7深度的大約五分之一至三分之一,以介於第一凹部7的四分之一至五分之一為佳。第二凹部9具有擴大傾斜表面,方便螺絲起子20結合部30插入。
界定第二凹部9的壁上,相當於第一凹部7的驅動凹溝8位置,設有複數導引凹溝10。導引凹溝10各包括縱向底部線Bg,與螺絲軸線S平行,也與相當於螺絲凹溝8的底部線Bd平行。按徑向看,導引凹
溝10的底部線Bg,比驅動凹溝8的底部線Bd更遠離螺絲軸線S。因此,導引凹溝10在最接近第一凹部上端7a的軸向位置,比相對應驅動凹溝8在徑向為深。由於第二凹部9之斜面,導引凹溝10的深度是從自由端5朝導引凹溝8逐漸遞增。如此造成準確導引螺絲起子20的結合凸部進入第一凹部7內,同時方便結合凸部在導引凹溝10的自由端5最外部之導引凹溝結合。
按俯視圖看,導引凹溝10的寬度比驅動凹溝8大。導引凹溝10垂直於底部線Bg之寬度,朝自由端5之方向遞減。
導引凹溝10跨過中間段11進入驅動凹溝8。有斜壁11a,朝驅動凹溝8以錐形變窄。中間段11可軸向高度比第一凹部7和第二凹部9大為減小。利用此設計,中間段11和導引凹溝10形成袋狀凹部,得以把握和導引螺絲起子20的結合凸部進入導引凹溝8內。
如第6和7圖所示,螺絲起子20包括驅動軸21,在驅動軸21一端之柄部22,和在對立端之結合部30。結合部30具有實質上圓筒形主要輪廓,套入第一凹部7內,和縱向延伸肋條狀結合凸部31,其尺寸可結合第一凹部7之驅動凹溝8,以便對螺絲元件1施加扭矩。結合部30朝結合部實質上圓形的自由端表面32傾斜。此外,結合凸部31各有傾斜前端表面31a。結合凸部31的傾斜前端表面31a長度,實質上相當於自由端5和螺絲元件驅動部6中間部11間之第二凹部9錐形表面長度。傾斜表面31a傾角度,與錐形凹部9或中間部11斜壁11a之角度相同。此等擴大傾斜表面有助於即使在開刀處視線受限或根本看不見情況下,也可容易定位螺絲元件之驅動部6。
第8圖表示螺絲元件之修飾具體例,具有驅動部6修飾例。與第一具體例一致之所有組件和部位均標示同樣參照號碼,其說明即不重複。修飾具體例在中間部之形狀有所不同。中間部11'包括圓形壁11a'。
茲參見第9和10圖說明第一具體例螺絲元件和螺絲起子之應用。在第9圖中,二螺絲元件業已插入二椎骨100之莖部內。各螺絲元件1包括前述驅動部6。螺絲元件1之插入深度需進一步調節。此係以具有結合部30的螺絲起子20結合螺絲元件1的相對應驅動部6為之。由於驅動部6和螺絲起子結合部30之設計,結合部30與驅動部之結合,可快速
且容易達成,即使對開刀處看不見或視線有限。所以,可在短時間內進行調節許多椎莖螺絲。
茲參見第11a至11c圖詳示螺絲起子20結合部30和螺絲元件驅動部6之功用。如第11a圖所示,發生螺絲起子20以相對於螺絲軸線S之傾斜方式,趨近螺絲元件。又如第11b圖所示,螺絲起子20的結合部30首先結合錐形第二凹部9。當螺絲起子20的結合部30之結合凸部31,開始結合導引凹溝10時,螺絲起子20即自動對準,並更加深透入驅動部6內。導引凹溝10和中間部11導引結合部30進入驅動凹溝8內,使螺絲元件1和螺絲起子20對準,以型扣方式彼此連接。然後,扭矩即可以螺絲起子20施加於螺絲元件1。須知由於導引凹溝10朝自由端5遞減深度和寬度,結合部30即可容易轉動,直到結合凸部對結合凹溝10加以定位並結合為止。
茲參見第12圖說明螺絲元件之第二具體例。與前述具體例一致之組件和部位,具有同樣參照號碼,其說明即不重複。在此具體例中,螺絲元件為多軸式骨骼固定裝置50所用固定螺絲40。圖示多軸式骨骼固定裝置50只是舉例方式,可構想許多不同設計之此類多軸式骨骼固定裝置。多軸式骨骼固定裝置50包括螺絲元件1',具有球形截面狀頭部(圖上未示),可有已知驅動部,例如已知之梅花形驅動部,或多面形驅動部,或亦具有前述具體例之驅動部6。螺絲元件1'以樞動方式連接於容納件51,後者包括基座,以球窩方式把持螺絲元件之頭部。可設有壓力元件(圖上未示),對頭部施壓。容納件51包括實質上U形凹部52,構成其內容納桿件200。桿件旨在連接於複數骨骼固定器。為了將桿件200鎖定於容納件51,並將頭部鎖定在相對於容納件51之樞動位置,使用固定螺絲40形式之鎖定元件,與容納件51內所設螺紋合作。有可能情況是,一旦頭部和桿件鎖定時,必須進一步調節。在此情況時,固定螺絲40必須旋鬆,俟校正容納件相對於頭部之角度位置,或校正桿件位置後,再旋緊。為此項調節,可使用螺絲起子20,與固定螺絲40內之驅動部6合作。因此,調節可快速又容易進行。
須知具有結合部6之此類固定螺絲,亦可用於螺絲元件和容納件彼此相對固定之單軸式骨骼固定器。
又一應用例如第13圖所示。第12圖表示骨骼板60,連同螺絲元件1用於例如整型和創傷手術,以固定骨骼碎裂部份。螺絲元件1形式如第1至5圖和第8圖所示,包括在其頭部之驅動部6。頭部為球形截面狀,使螺絲元件1可以各種角度置於骨骼板之洞孔內。另外,頭部可具有只能相對於骨骼板60呈固定角度設置螺絲元件。在如此情況,骨骼螺絲插入深度必須調節。使用具有驅動部6之螺絲元件,和相對應螺絲起子20,可方便為之。又一具體例中,骨骼板洞孔內可設鎖定元件,以防骨骼螺絲扳出,其中鎖定元件包括驅動部6。
前述具體例可構想進一步具體例和修飾例。第二凹部9斜面尺寸和角度,以及導引凹溝8和中間部11,11',可以變化。中間部11,11'之壁11a,11a',可呈任何形狀,構成導引螺絲起子結合部,進入第一凹部7內。
在圖示具體例中,表示偶數驅動凹溝,各驅動凹溝與另一驅動凹溝在對立位置。然而亦可構想奇數驅動凹溝,一驅動凹溝可不需與另一驅動凹溝對立。同樣情形適用於相對應導引凹溝。
驅動部的梅花形,亦可改為第一凹部之多面形。在此情況下,多面體之角隅可視為驅動凹溝。
驅動凹溝和導引凹溝之底部線,亦可繞螺絲軸線扭曲。又,底部線不需與螺絲軸線正確平行。
1‧‧‧螺絲元件
4‧‧‧頭部
7‧‧‧第一凹部
7a‧‧‧第一凹部上端
7b‧‧‧第一凹部下端
8‧‧‧驅動凹溝
9‧‧‧第二凹部
10‧‧‧導引凹溝
11‧‧‧中間部
11a‧‧‧中間部斜壁
Bg‧‧‧導引凹溝底部線
Bd‧‧‧驅動凹溝底部線
S‧‧‧螺絲軸線
Claims (15)
- 一種脊柱、整型或創傷手術用之螺絲元件,該螺絲元件包含:一螺絲軸線(S)和一螺絲螺紋(3);一驅動部(6),供與該螺絲起子(20)結合,其中該驅動部(6)包括一第一凹部(7),有一壁,和該壁上形成之實質上縱向延伸驅動凹溝(8);一第二凹部(9),介於該螺絲元件(1,1')一自由端(5)和該第一凹部(7)之間,其中該第二凹部(9)有一壁,朝該自由端(5)逐漸增加內徑;且其中在該第二凹部(9)之該壁,於相當於驅動凹溝(8)之位置,形成導引凹溝(10),容許一螺絲起子(20)之一結合部(30)被導引而結合該驅動凹溝(8)者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之螺絲元件,其中該第一凹部(7)為實質上圓筒形,而該驅動凹溝(8)實質上平行於該螺絲軸線延伸者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之螺絲元件,其中具有該驅動凹溝(8)之該第一凹部(7)具有梅花形狀者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項任一項之螺絲元件,其中該第二凹部(9)為實質上錐形,朝螺絲元件之自由端(5)增加直徑者。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之螺絲元件,其中該第二凹部(9)之一軸向長度,介於該第一凹部的該軸向長度五分之一至二分之一間,以介於該第一凹部(7)的該軸向長度四分之一至三分之一間者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至5項任一項之螺絲元件,其中該導引凹溝(10)包括一底部線(Bg),比該驅動凹溝(8)之一底部線(Bd)更遠離該螺絲軸線(S)者。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之螺絲元件,其中該導引凹溝(10)深度從該自由端(5)朝該第一凹部(7)之方向增加者。
- 如申請專利範圍第6或7項之螺絲元件,其中該導引凹溝(10)寬度從該自由端(5)朝該第一凹部(7)之方向增加者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至8項任一項之螺絲元件,其中該導引凹溝(10)寬度,在最接近該第一凹部(7)之位置,比該驅動凹溝(8)寬度大者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至9項任一項之螺絲元件,其中在各該導引凹溝(10)末端,鄰接該驅動凹溝(8),設有一傾斜中間部(11)者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至10項任一項之螺絲元件,其中該螺絲元件(1)係一骨骼螺絲,包括一幹部(2),在其至少一部份具有骨骼螺紋,和一頭部(4),有一自由端(5),與該幹部(2)對立,且其中該驅動部(6)係設在該頭部(4)內者。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項之螺絲元件,其中該頭部(4)具有球形截面狀外表面部者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至10項任一項之螺絲元件,其中該螺絲元件是一固定螺絲(40),構成用做多軸式骨骼螺絲(50)之一鎖定元件,或一骨骼板之一鎖定元件者。
- 一種系統,包括申請專利範圍第1至13項任一項之螺絲元件,和一螺絲起子,該螺絲起子(20)包括一驅動軸線,和結合部(30),有結合凸部沿平行於該驅動軸線之縱向延伸,並構成結合該螺絲元件(1)之該驅動凹溝(8);其中該結合凸部(30)包括一傾斜前端(31a),其傾斜長度實質上相當於該導引凹溝(10)之長度者。
- 如申請專利範圍第14項之系統,其中該結合凸部按垂直於驅動軸線之斷面圖,具有梅花形者。
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2014
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2015
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- 2015-04-10 CN CN201510167329.1A patent/CN105030320B/zh active Active
- 2015-04-10 TW TW104111513A patent/TW201538121A/zh unknown
- 2015-04-13 KR KR1020150051907A patent/KR20150118914A/ko unknown
- 2015-04-13 US US14/685,433 patent/US9867639B2/en active Active
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2017
- 2017-12-04 US US15/830,858 patent/US10335198B2/en active Active
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- 2019-05-20 US US16/416,955 patent/US11045226B2/en active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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TWI773142B (zh) * | 2021-02-19 | 2022-08-01 | 健寶生技股份有限公司 | 骨骼鎖定系統及方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP6612515B2 (ja) | 2019-11-27 |
US20190365422A1 (en) | 2019-12-05 |
EP2932929A1 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
KR20150118914A (ko) | 2015-10-23 |
CN105030320B (zh) | 2019-12-10 |
CN105030320A (zh) | 2015-11-11 |
US9867639B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 |
US10335198B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
US11045226B2 (en) | 2021-06-29 |
EP2932929B1 (en) | 2017-02-08 |
US20150289905A1 (en) | 2015-10-15 |
US20180140331A1 (en) | 2018-05-24 |
JP2015202411A (ja) | 2015-11-16 |
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