US20100256688A1 - Sonic screw - Google Patents
Sonic screw Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20100256688A1 US20100256688A1 US12/384,469 US38446909A US2010256688A1 US 20100256688 A1 US20100256688 A1 US 20100256688A1 US 38446909 A US38446909 A US 38446909A US 2010256688 A1 US2010256688 A1 US 2010256688A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- screw
- proximal end
- shaft
- outer thread
- protection sleeve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
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Images
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Definitions
- the invention relates in general to sonic fusion technology. It relates more particularly to a screw and a method for the fixation of fractures, particularly bone fractures.
- the invention relates to a screw for augmenting within a fractured object, to a system including tools to implement the screw into the fractured object, as well as to the use of the mentioned system.
- the fractured object might be a bone or a wooden or plastic object like furniture.
- the system in accordance with prior art comprises a screw having a flow cavity, i.e. an axial through bore through with bone cement can be introduced into the portion at the tip of the screw.
- the bone cement is advanced by a device which is releasably attached to the subsequent end of the screw.
- This device is similar to commercially available syringe, in comprising substantially a cylindrical barrel and a plunger.
- the barrel forms a cavity in which the plunger is moveable backwards and forwards.
- the fixation cement is filled into the barrel, after which the plunger is urged against the cement.
- the fixation cement is jetted into the axial through bore of the screw. Due to the pressure, the fixation cement is adequately fluidized, so that it can pass through the proximal end of the screw into the bone, as a result of which the screw is augmented in the bone.
- This system has the drawback that the manual pressure applied to the fixation cement varies, not only basically from application to application, but also during the application itself, so that the distribution of the fixation cement within the portion of the bone at the tip of the screw is neither reliable nor even.
- a device for fixing bone fractures is shown in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0018590 the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- a device for applying ultrasonic energy to a screw is shown in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0018471 the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- FIG. 27 of U.S. Pat. No. 7,335,205 use of ultrasonic energy and a polymer pin is known in fracture fixation. The disclosure of U.S. Pat. No. 7,335,205 is incorporated herein by reference.
- One aspect of the invention may be to provide a screw and a method by means of which a reliable and even augmentation of the screw in an installation site in an object can be assured.
- a screw for fixation of a fracture comprises a shaft having a distal end, a proximal end and a central axis, a through bore extending along the central axis of the shaft, a first outer thread and a radial opening located at the distal end (furthest from the user), and a second outer thread as well as an inner tool engagement portion located at the proximal end (closest to the user) of the shaft.
- the screw may have a shaft which is substantially a hollow and elongated element, wherein the axial through bore is formed along the central axis so that the thickness of the wall of the shaft is constant in circumferential direction.
- the shaft will have a round cross section.
- the first outer thread is capable of cutting into bone (or wood). Therefore, the first outer thread extends along the first few centimeters of the length of the shaft, starting at the tip of the screw in the direction towards the proximal end.
- the first outer thread might be tapered at the tip of the screw to allow a better introduction of the screw into an object of interest like a bone or a wooden object (for example furniture).
- a second outer thread which extends preferably only a few millimeters along the axis of the shaft.
- This second outer thread is another kind of a thread compared with the first outer thread, since the second outer thread is adapted to engage with a tissue protection sleeve.
- the outer contour of the windings are flattened or rounded so as to have a smooth contact area.
- the second outer thread might be adapted to be connected to an augmentation tool, wherein, for example, the housing of the augmentation tool is supported at the proximal end of the screw by means of the second outer thread, and a sonotrode capable of transmitting ultrasound vibrations is in contact with a polymer pin located inside the screw.
- the proximal end of the screw includes an inner tool engagement portion.
- This driving end may be hexagonal or a TORX® drive, wherein the driver may also be a wrench.
- the driver may also be driven by a power source including an electric, pneumatic or other suitable mechanism.
- the outer diameter of the second thread is greater than an outer diameter of the shaft. Therefore, a step will be formed between the outer thread at the proximal end and the shaft.
- the screw further comprises a collar between the second outer thread and the shaft to provide a smooth junction or shoulder between the outer thread and the shaft.
- the collar may be formed as a part-spherical head portion with the spherical surface facing the distal end of the screw.
- a set or system for installation of the screw according to the invention comprises, beside the screw as described above, a driving tool adapted to engage with the inner tool engagement portion of the screw, and a hollow tissue protection sleeve adapted to engage with the second outer thread of the screw.
- the tissue protection sleeve is a kind of a lengthening piece, which may be suitable to facilitate the introduction of the screw into a bone, wherein muscles or other tissue surrounding the bone will complicate the attachment of an augmentation tool directly at the proximal end of the screw.
- the screw With two separate elements, i.e. the sleeve and the driver, each engaging directly at the proximal end of the screw, it is possible to apply forces with different direction precisely onto the screw, so that the screw may be positioned accurately at a appropriate site.
- forces in circumferential direction may be applied to screw in (or out for explanation) the screw.
- force in axial or radial direction may be applied to the screw.
- the screw may be held in place by the screw driver while the tissue protection sleeve is loosened and removed from the proximal end of the screw.
- connections at the proximal end of the screw i.e., the outer thread for a connection with a sleeve and the inner engagement portion for a connection with a driving tool
- connections at the proximal end of the screw may also be suitable to manipulate a nail, a drive screw or another implant. Therefore, all aspects described with respect to a screw may also apply to a nail, a drive screw or other kind of implant.
- the set further comprises a polymer pin made of a fluidizable material, adapted to be inserted into the through bore of the screw, and an augmentation tool including a sonotrode for fluidizing the polymer material of the polymer pin, wherein the augmentation tool is adapted to be coupled with the proximal end of the screw or the proximal end of the tissue protection sleeve, wherein the sleeve may be located between the screw and the augmentation tool.
- the material of the polymer pin may be bio-compatible, wherein a bio-compatible material may be a material which does not negatively interfere with human or animal tissue.
- bio-compatible and also fluidizable materials may be specially adapted metal alloys such as titanium or specific plastics, e.g. PEEK (Polyetheretherketone), UHMWPE (Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene), PLA (Polylactic acid), PLLA (Poly-L-lactide), PLDLA (Poly(D,L-Lactid)), PDLLA (Poly-DL-lactide), PVDF (Polyvinylidene Difluoride).
- PEEK Polyetheretherketone
- UHMWPE Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene
- PLA Polylactic acid
- PLLA Poly-L-lactide
- PLDLA Poly(D,L-Lactid)
- PDLLA Poly-DL-lactide
- PVDF Polyvinylidene Difluoride
- the material of the polymer pin is bio-absorbable.
- One possible bio-absorbable material comprises a copolymer comprising between 50% and 90% Poly-L-lactide and between 10% and 50% Poly-D, L-lactide.
- the bio-absorbable material may be a copolymer comprising 70 weight % Poly-L-lactide and 30 weigh % Poly-D, L-lactide.
- the bio-absorbable material may be formed as an amorphous material.
- the length of the sonotrode of the augmentation tool as well as the length of the screw driving tool correspond in length and allow both to be used in conjunction with a tissue protection sleeve mounted on the screw.
- the tissue protection sleeve will be coupled with the proximal end of the screw, the driving end of the screw driver will be connected with the inner tool engagement portion at the proximal end of the screw, while the shaft of the screw driver is at least partially located inside the tissue protection sleeve.
- the screw might be introduced or located in the object of interest, i.e. the screw may be screwed into the bone.
- the screw driver After positioning of the screw, the screw driver will be disconnected from the screw, the polymer pin will be inserted through the tissue protection sleeve into the through bore of the screw, and an augmentation tool may be coupled with the proximal end of the tissue protection sleeve, wherein the sonotrode of the augmentation tool is located inside the tissue protection sleeve as well as inside the screw shaft, and is in contact with the polymer pin inside the screw.
- the polymer material of the polymer pin by applying ultrasound energy and/or force to the polymer material of the polymer pin, the polymer material will be fluidized or melted such that the material may flow out of the openings at the distal end of the screw into the cavities of the bone (or the wood).
- the ultrasonic sonotrode may be adapted to generate ultrasonic vibrations at the tip with a frequency of between and 50 kHz, preferably between 20 and 30 kHz, and a suitable vibration amplitude may be in the range between 1 and 100 ⁇ m, preferably between 5 and 30 ⁇ m.
- the vibrations can be generated preferably in a direction along the vibration shaft and/or in a direction perpendicular to the vibration shaft.
- a certain pressure should be applied by way of the sonotrode to the polymer pin. Firstly, the pressure will ensure that the vibrations will be transmitted reliably from the sonotrode to the polymer pin. Secondly, the pressure will push the melted material of the pin out of the screw.
- FIGS. 1 to 6 show subsequent steps illustrating the use of a set of devices for installation of a screw according to the invention
- FIG. 7 illustrates a possible adjusting of fractured pieces relative to each other
- FIG. 8 is a side view as well as a section view of a screw according to the invention.
- FIG. 9 is a side view as well as an enlarged section view of an assembled set for installation of a screw according to the invention.
- FIG. 10 is a side as well as a section view of an assembled set for augmentation of a screw according to the invention.
- FIGS. 1 to 6 are a schematic illustration showing different steps in the use of a set of devices for installation of a screw according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a screw 10 including a first outer thread 12 and a second outer thread 14 .
- a tissue protection sleeve 30 is shown with a small distance behind the second outer thread 14 of screw 10 . Furthermore, there is indicated by arrow A that the tissue protection sleeve may be screwed onto the second outer thread 14 . Even though the arrow A indicates a right hand thread, a left hand thread may also suitable.
- tissue protection sleeve 30 is provided with an inner thread corresponding to outer thread 14 of screw 10 .
- the arrow B indicates that a force transmission from the tissue protection sleeve to the screw is possible in axial direction.
- tissue protection sleeve 30 With the tissue protection sleeve 30 connected with the screw, it may be possible to insert a shaft 41 of a screw driver 40 in the tissue protection sleeve 30 so as to bring an engagement portion 42 of screw driver 40 into engagement with the inner engagement portion of screw 10 .
- FIG. 2 is the configuration of screw 10 at the connection point with the tissue protection sleeve 30 .
- Screw 10 includes a collar 13 near to the second outer thread at the proximal end of the shaft.
- the tissue protection sleeve 30 is slightly conical at the distal end 32 of the sleeve 30 . Therefore, the junction between screw 10 and tissue protection sleeve 30 may be smooth, which will provide for less tissue irritation.
- FIG. 3 shows that by means of the assembly consisting of screw 10 , tissue protection sleeve 30 and screw driver 40 it is possible to insert or implant the screw 10 into a bone at a fracture site.
- the screw is implanted into a femoral bone to fix a fracture of the femoral neck.
- Indicated by the arrows B and C is the possibility to simultaneously press in axial direction and rotate around the axis of the screw so as to easily drive screw 10 into the bone.
- FIG. 4 there is shown a state in which screw 10 is already inserted into the bone and the screw driver is removed from screw 10 and out of the tissue protection sleeve 30 .
- a polymer pin 20 may be inserted into screw 10 through tissue protection sleeve 30 .
- an augmentation tool 50 including a sonotrode 52 with a tip 53 .
- the length of the sonotrode 52 is dimensioned so that when the polymer pin is inserted into screw 10 tip 53 of sonotrode 52 will make contact with a proximal end 24 of the polymer pin 20 inside screw 10 while the housing of augmentation tool 50 is coupled with proximal end 34 of tissue protection sleeve 30 .
- screw 10 is illustrated as a section view so that polymer pin 20 as well as sonotrode 52 is visible inside screw 10 .
- polymer pin 20 together with an insert 22 at the tip of the polymer pin, wherein the insert 22 provides for a support inside screw 10 , when, by means of sonotrode 52 an ultrasonic vibration as well as an axial force is applied to the polymer pin.
- the ultrasonic vibration and the axial force are indicated by arrow D in FIG. 5 .
- the counter force to the force applied in axial direction from the sonotrode to the polymer pin will be a pull force affecting on the tissue protection sleeve and thus on the second outer thread of the screw and the connection between the sleeve and the housing of the augmentation tool.
- FIG. 6 shows a situation in which the screw 10 is inserted into the bone, the tip of the screw 10 is augmented by the polymer material and the augmentation tool as well as the tissue protection sleeve is already removed from the proximal end of the screw.
- FIG. 7 illustrates another possibility during the implantation of the screw, i.e. the fixation of a fracture of a femoral neck.
- the screw After the screwing in of the screw into the bone, it may be possible especially in an osteoporotic bone to pivot the screw at the entrance into the bone in the corticalis so as to correctly position the joint head of the femur relative to the neck and shaft of the femur (for example from Position A to Position B).
- PoR in FIG. 7 indicates the point of rotation.
- tissue protection sleeve is connected to the proximal end of the screw, since said sleeve may be gripped and a force for a pivot movement (indicated by arrow G) as well as a pull movement (indicated by arrow F) may be performed.
- FIG. 8 is an illustration of a screw according to one embodiment of the invention.
- the illustration includes a side view, a section view and the proximal end of the screw as detail side view and detail section view.
- a screw 10 may comprise at its distal end an outer thread 12 , radial openings 17 and a step 16 in the axial through bore.
- the outer thread 12 may be machined only in an end portion of the shank, wherein the thread may also cover the shank of the screw full length.
- a through bore composed of two bore portions.
- the proximal bore portion comprises a first diameter and the distal bore portion a second diameter, wherein the first diameter being larger than the second diameter.
- the proximal bore portion may form the main portion of the through bore. Just a small end portion of the shank of the screw in which portion thread 12 is machined is formed by the distal bore portion.
- step 16 in the diameter forms an annular ridge having substantially right-angled edges at the wall of the through bore within the screw.
- Each edge of step 16 in the diameter may be machined flat or rounded or conical. However, the step may also provide for a closed distal end of the screw.
- the screw 10 features openings or holes 17 radially configured through the wall of the screw. Openings may be configured in differing directions, for example perpendicular to the longitudinal centre line of the screw and arranged in the end portion with thread 12 . Preferably openings 17 are arranged in a region of the end portion which also features the proximal bore portion. According to one embodiment two openings 17 may be configured axially juxtaposed in the proximal bore portion and through thread 12 . Furthermore, four such pairs of openings may be evenly distributed about the circumference of the screw, in other words, circumferentially spaced by 90°.
- openings may be provided circumferentially and it is not necessary that the holes circumferentially distributed are all at same level.
- the openings might also be distributed circumferentially along the thread turn.
- transverse or longitudinal oblong holes, slots, or the like may be provided.
- step 16 in diameter together with the openings 17 in the wall can be positioned optionally along the longitudinal centre line and thus the siting of the augmentation can be determined in accordance with the particular application and the desired effect.
- the screw comprises at its proximal end a collar 13 forming a shoulder or transition from the outer diameter of the shaft to an outer diameter of a second outer thread 14 .
- the outer thread is machined such that the outer edges of the thread line are rounded or at least not sharp. Since the proximal end of the screw i.e. the collar 13 and the outer thread 14 will remain outside of a bone into which the screw is implanted, these elements should be formed such that an irritation of or insurance to the tissue surrounding the end of the screw can be avoided.
- the length of the outer thread may be only a few millimetres, just enough to ensure a reliable connection between the screw and a tissue protection sleeve. The forces in axial and/or in radial direction may be transmitted through this threaded connection. Furthermore, the end projecting out of the bone should be as short as possible.
- the screw comprises an inner tool engagement portion 18 in its proximal end portion.
- the inner engagement portion 18 is provided for transmission of rotational forces. Furthermore, by holding the screw by means of a screw driver engaged in the inner engagement portion tissue protection sleeve 30 may be easily removed from the outer thread of the screw.
- the shape of the inner engagement portion may be a torx or hex fitting to a corresponding driving end of a screw driver. However, said shape may also be any suitable driving connection including slot, cross, customized or else. The only restriction is the fact that the axial through bore in the screw will provide for absence of material in the center portion of the inner engagement portion.
- FIGS. 9 and 9A an assembly of screw 10 , tissue protection sleeve 30 and a screw driver 40 is shown. Furthermore, the detail view Z in FIG. 9A shows the connection portion of the three mentioned elements in section. As depict, the shaft 41 of screw driver 40 engages with its driving end in the inner engagement portion of the screw, and tissue protection sleeve 30 engages with its thread at its distal end in the outer thread 14 at the proximal end of the screw. In the enlarged view of FIG. 9A it can also be seen that the outer contour of the collar 13 of the screw 10 and end portion of the sleeve 30 may be designed to have a smooth transition.
- FIGS. 10 and 10A an assembly of screw 10 , the tissue protection sleeve 30 , a polymer pin 20 with an insert 22 , and a sonotrode 52 of an augmentation tool like an ultrasound handpiece is shown.
- the polymer pin 20 may be inserted into the hollow shaft of the screw 10 , through the also hollow tissue protection sleeve 30 .
- a sonotrode Proximally behind the polymer pin 20 is a sonotrode inserted through the sleeve 30 and into the through bore of the screw.
- the polymer pin 20 may also be made of other materials such as for instance a thermoplastic material suitable for augmenting a screw, both resorptive and non-resorptive materials being useful.
- a thermoplastic material suitable for augmenting a screw both resorptive and non-resorptive materials being useful.
- the technology described with respect to an implantation of a screw into a bone is not just limited to the indications. In other words, all screw applications which can be supplied by cannulated screws can be potentially supplied by the set and screw in accordance with the invention.
- the material into which the screw will be screwed in is a porous material.
- the material of the so called polymer pin may have adhesive properties, especially in case of an application in a non-medical field.
- a computer program may be stored/distributed on a suitable medium, such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium supplied together with or as part of other hardware, but may also be distributed in other forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.
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Abstract
Description
- The invention relates in general to sonic fusion technology. It relates more particularly to a screw and a method for the fixation of fractures, particularly bone fractures. The invention relates to a screw for augmenting within a fractured object, to a system including tools to implement the screw into the fractured object, as well as to the use of the mentioned system. The fractured object might be a bone or a wooden or plastic object like furniture.
- Known from U.S. Pat. No. 4,653,489 is a system wherein a fixation cement is introduced through a screw into a portion of a bone afflicted by osteoporosis. Femoral neck fractures as well as distal femoral fractures can be fixated by means of this device.
- The system in accordance with prior art comprises a screw having a flow cavity, i.e. an axial through bore through with bone cement can be introduced into the portion at the tip of the screw. The bone cement is advanced by a device which is releasably attached to the subsequent end of the screw. This device is similar to commercially available syringe, in comprising substantially a cylindrical barrel and a plunger. The barrel forms a cavity in which the plunger is moveable backwards and forwards.
- In use of this prior art device, the fixation cement is filled into the barrel, after which the plunger is urged against the cement. By applying manual compression force, the fixation cement is jetted into the axial through bore of the screw. Due to the pressure, the fixation cement is adequately fluidized, so that it can pass through the proximal end of the screw into the bone, as a result of which the screw is augmented in the bone.
- This system has the drawback that the manual pressure applied to the fixation cement varies, not only basically from application to application, but also during the application itself, so that the distribution of the fixation cement within the portion of the bone at the tip of the screw is neither reliable nor even.
- A device for fixing bone fractures is shown in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0018590 the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. A device for applying ultrasonic energy to a screw is shown in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0018471 the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. As shown in FIG. 27 of U.S. Pat. No. 7,335,205, use of ultrasonic energy and a polymer pin is known in fracture fixation. The disclosure of U.S. Pat. No. 7,335,205 is incorporated herein by reference.
- One aspect of the invention may be to provide a screw and a method by means of which a reliable and even augmentation of the screw in an installation site in an object can be assured.
- Generally, a screw for fixation of a fracture comprises a shaft having a distal end, a proximal end and a central axis, a through bore extending along the central axis of the shaft, a first outer thread and a radial opening located at the distal end (furthest from the user), and a second outer thread as well as an inner tool engagement portion located at the proximal end (closest to the user) of the shaft.
- The screw may have a shaft which is substantially a hollow and elongated element, wherein the axial through bore is formed along the central axis so that the thickness of the wall of the shaft is constant in circumferential direction. Preferably, the shaft will have a round cross section.
- At the distal end (the tip portion or leading end of the screw), the first outer thread is capable of cutting into bone (or wood). Therefore, the first outer thread extends along the first few centimeters of the length of the shaft, starting at the tip of the screw in the direction towards the proximal end. According to an exemplary embodiment, the first outer thread might be tapered at the tip of the screw to allow a better introduction of the screw into an object of interest like a bone or a wooden object (for example furniture).
- From the central through bore through the wall of the shaft in the portion of the first outer thread, there is formed at least one opening in radial direction. Providing the tip portion of the screw with a few openings may allow for a better distribution of a suitable material used for augmenting the screw in an object of interest.
- At the other end, the proximal end of the screw, there may be formed a second outer thread, which extends preferably only a few millimeters along the axis of the shaft. This second outer thread is another kind of a thread compared with the first outer thread, since the second outer thread is adapted to engage with a tissue protection sleeve. To avoid negative interdependencies like irritations or lesions, between the second outer thread and tissue surrounding the bone, the outer contour of the windings are flattened or rounded so as to have a smooth contact area.
- According to a further embodiment, the second outer thread might be adapted to be connected to an augmentation tool, wherein, for example, the housing of the augmentation tool is supported at the proximal end of the screw by means of the second outer thread, and a sonotrode capable of transmitting ultrasound vibrations is in contact with a polymer pin located inside the screw.
- Furthermore, the proximal end of the screw includes an inner tool engagement portion. This means that the screw might be coupled with a driver having a corresponding driving end. This driving end may be hexagonal or a TORX® drive, wherein the driver may also be a wrench. It is noted that the driver may also be driven by a power source including an electric, pneumatic or other suitable mechanism.
- According to a further embodiment, the outer diameter of the second thread is greater than an outer diameter of the shaft. Therefore, a step will be formed between the outer thread at the proximal end and the shaft. According to that embodiment, the screw further comprises a collar between the second outer thread and the shaft to provide a smooth junction or shoulder between the outer thread and the shaft. For example, the collar may be formed as a part-spherical head portion with the spherical surface facing the distal end of the screw.
- For the case of an implantation of a screw into a bone, a set or system for installation of the screw according to the invention comprises, beside the screw as described above, a driving tool adapted to engage with the inner tool engagement portion of the screw, and a hollow tissue protection sleeve adapted to engage with the second outer thread of the screw.
- The tissue protection sleeve is a kind of a lengthening piece, which may be suitable to facilitate the introduction of the screw into a bone, wherein muscles or other tissue surrounding the bone will complicate the attachment of an augmentation tool directly at the proximal end of the screw.
- With two separate elements, i.e. the sleeve and the driver, each engaging directly at the proximal end of the screw, it is possible to apply forces with different direction precisely onto the screw, so that the screw may be positioned accurately at a appropriate site. With the driver, forces in circumferential direction may be applied to screw in (or out for explanation) the screw. With the sleeve, force in axial or radial direction may be applied to the screw. As another advantage, the screw may be held in place by the screw driver while the tissue protection sleeve is loosened and removed from the proximal end of the screw.
- It will be understood that the combination of connections at the proximal end of the screw, i.e., the outer thread for a connection with a sleeve and the inner engagement portion for a connection with a driving tool, may also be suitable to manipulate a nail, a drive screw or another implant. Therefore, all aspects described with respect to a screw may also apply to a nail, a drive screw or other kind of implant.
- According to a further embodiment, the set further comprises a polymer pin made of a fluidizable material, adapted to be inserted into the through bore of the screw, and an augmentation tool including a sonotrode for fluidizing the polymer material of the polymer pin, wherein the augmentation tool is adapted to be coupled with the proximal end of the screw or the proximal end of the tissue protection sleeve, wherein the sleeve may be located between the screw and the augmentation tool.
- It is noted, that the material of the polymer pin may be bio-compatible, wherein a bio-compatible material may be a material which does not negatively interfere with human or animal tissue.
- Examples of bio-compatible and also fluidizable materials may be specially adapted metal alloys such as titanium or specific plastics, e.g. PEEK (Polyetheretherketone), UHMWPE (Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene), PLA (Polylactic acid), PLLA (Poly-L-lactide), PLDLA (Poly(D,L-Lactid)), PDLLA (Poly-DL-lactide), PVDF (Polyvinylidene Difluoride).
- Furthermore, it may be advantageous, that the material of the polymer pin is bio-absorbable. One possible bio-absorbable material comprises a copolymer comprising between 50% and 90% Poly-L-lactide and between 10% and 50% Poly-D, L-lactide. In particular, the bio-absorbable material may be a copolymer comprising 70 weight % Poly-L-lactide and 30 weigh % Poly-D, L-lactide. Preferably, the bio-absorbable material may be formed as an amorphous material.
- It may be understood that in a set including a tissue protection sleeve, the length of the sonotrode of the augmentation tool as well as the length of the screw driving tool correspond in length and allow both to be used in conjunction with a tissue protection sleeve mounted on the screw.
- In use, the tissue protection sleeve will be coupled with the proximal end of the screw, the driving end of the screw driver will be connected with the inner tool engagement portion at the proximal end of the screw, while the shaft of the screw driver is at least partially located inside the tissue protection sleeve. Now, the screw might be introduced or located in the object of interest, i.e. the screw may be screwed into the bone.
- After positioning of the screw, the screw driver will be disconnected from the screw, the polymer pin will be inserted through the tissue protection sleeve into the through bore of the screw, and an augmentation tool may be coupled with the proximal end of the tissue protection sleeve, wherein the sonotrode of the augmentation tool is located inside the tissue protection sleeve as well as inside the screw shaft, and is in contact with the polymer pin inside the screw. Subsequently, by applying ultrasound energy and/or force to the polymer material of the polymer pin, the polymer material will be fluidized or melted such that the material may flow out of the openings at the distal end of the screw into the cavities of the bone (or the wood).
- The ultrasonic sonotrode may be adapted to generate ultrasonic vibrations at the tip with a frequency of between and 50 kHz, preferably between 20 and 30 kHz, and a suitable vibration amplitude may be in the range between 1 and 100 μm, preferably between 5 and 30 μm. The vibrations can be generated preferably in a direction along the vibration shaft and/or in a direction perpendicular to the vibration shaft.
- Additionally, a certain pressure should be applied by way of the sonotrode to the polymer pin. Firstly, the pressure will ensure that the vibrations will be transmitted reliably from the sonotrode to the polymer pin. Secondly, the pressure will push the melted material of the pin out of the screw.
- A description in more detail of the steps performed while using the set or system for installation of the screw according to the invention may be followed in conjunction with the detailed description of an exemplary embodiment below.
- It has to be noted that embodiments of the invention are described with reference to different subject matters. In particular, some embodiments are described with reference to the methods used, whereas other embodiments are described with reference to the apparatus used, however, a person skilled in the art will gather from the above and the following description that, unless, otherwise notified, in addition to any combination of features belonging to one type of subject matter, also any combination of features relating to different subject matters is considered to be disclosed with this application.
- The aspects defined above and further aspects, features and advantages of the present invention can also be derived from the examples of the embodiments to be described hereinafter and are explained with reference to examples of embodiments to which the invention is not limited.
- The invention will now be detailed by way of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the attached drawings.
-
FIGS. 1 to 6 show subsequent steps illustrating the use of a set of devices for installation of a screw according to the invention; -
FIG. 7 illustrates a possible adjusting of fractured pieces relative to each other; -
FIG. 8 is a side view as well as a section view of a screw according to the invention; -
FIG. 9 is a side view as well as an enlarged section view of an assembled set for installation of a screw according to the invention; and -
FIG. 10 is a side as well as a section view of an assembled set for augmentation of a screw according to the invention. - It is noted that the illustration in the drawings is only schematically and not to scale. In different figures, similar elements are provided with the same reference signs.
-
FIGS. 1 to 6 are a schematic illustration showing different steps in the use of a set of devices for installation of a screw according to the invention. -
FIG. 1 shows ascrew 10 including a firstouter thread 12 and a secondouter thread 14. Atissue protection sleeve 30 is shown with a small distance behind the secondouter thread 14 ofscrew 10. Furthermore, there is indicated by arrow A that the tissue protection sleeve may be screwed onto the secondouter thread 14. Even though the arrow A indicates a right hand thread, a left hand thread may also suitable. - Consequently, a
distal end 32 oftissue protection sleeve 30 is provided with an inner thread corresponding toouter thread 14 ofscrew 10. The arrow B indicates that a force transmission from the tissue protection sleeve to the screw is possible in axial direction. - With the
tissue protection sleeve 30 connected with the screw, it may be possible to insert ashaft 41 of ascrew driver 40 in thetissue protection sleeve 30 so as to bring anengagement portion 42 ofscrew driver 40 into engagement with the inner engagement portion ofscrew 10. Furthermore illustrated inFIG. 2 is the configuration ofscrew 10 at the connection point with thetissue protection sleeve 30.Screw 10 includes acollar 13 near to the second outer thread at the proximal end of the shaft. Thetissue protection sleeve 30 is slightly conical at thedistal end 32 of thesleeve 30. Therefore, the junction betweenscrew 10 andtissue protection sleeve 30 may be smooth, which will provide for less tissue irritation. -
FIG. 3 shows that by means of the assembly consisting ofscrew 10,tissue protection sleeve 30 andscrew driver 40 it is possible to insert or implant thescrew 10 into a bone at a fracture site. In this example, the screw is implanted into a femoral bone to fix a fracture of the femoral neck. Indicated by the arrows B and C is the possibility to simultaneously press in axial direction and rotate around the axis of the screw so as to easily drivescrew 10 into the bone. - In
FIG. 4 there is shown a state in which screw 10 is already inserted into the bone and the screw driver is removed fromscrew 10 and out of thetissue protection sleeve 30. Now, as depicted inFIG. 4 , apolymer pin 20 may be inserted intoscrew 10 throughtissue protection sleeve 30. Furthermore, there is shown anaugmentation tool 50 including asonotrode 52 with atip 53. The length of thesonotrode 52 is dimensioned so that when the polymer pin is inserted intoscrew 10tip 53 ofsonotrode 52 will make contact with aproximal end 24 of thepolymer pin 20 insidescrew 10 while the housing ofaugmentation tool 50 is coupled withproximal end 34 oftissue protection sleeve 30. - The assembly of
screw 10, tissue protection sleeve andaugmentation tool 50 is also depicted inFIG. 5 . Furthermore, inFIG. 5 screw 10 is illustrated as a section view so thatpolymer pin 20 as well assonotrode 52 is visibleinside screw 10. In an additional detailed view, there is shownpolymer pin 20 together with aninsert 22 at the tip of the polymer pin, wherein theinsert 22 provides for a support insidescrew 10, when, by means of sonotrode 52 an ultrasonic vibration as well as an axial force is applied to the polymer pin. The ultrasonic vibration and the axial force are indicated by arrow D inFIG. 5 . - To provide a appropriate support for
insert 22 at the distal end ofpolymer pin 20 there is formed a step in the inner wall of the through bore of the screw near the distal end of the through bore. - It is noted that the counter force to the force applied in axial direction from the sonotrode to the polymer pin, will be a pull force affecting on the tissue protection sleeve and thus on the second outer thread of the screw and the connection between the sleeve and the housing of the augmentation tool.
- By applying the energy and/or force to the polymer pin, the material of the polymer pin will melt or fluidize so that the melted polymer material will exit out of the tip portion of the
screw 10 through radial openings into the bone. Accordingly,FIG. 6 shows a situation in which thescrew 10 is inserted into the bone, the tip of thescrew 10 is augmented by the polymer material and the augmentation tool as well as the tissue protection sleeve is already removed from the proximal end of the screw. -
FIG. 7 illustrates another possibility during the implantation of the screw, i.e. the fixation of a fracture of a femoral neck. After the screwing in of the screw into the bone, it may be possible especially in an osteoporotic bone to pivot the screw at the entrance into the bone in the corticalis so as to correctly position the joint head of the femur relative to the neck and shaft of the femur (for example from Position A to Position B). PoR inFIG. 7 indicates the point of rotation. Such a correction or movement is possible as long as the tissue protection sleeve is connected to the proximal end of the screw, since said sleeve may be gripped and a force for a pivot movement (indicated by arrow G) as well as a pull movement (indicated by arrow F) may be performed. -
FIG. 8 is an illustration of a screw according to one embodiment of the invention. The illustration includes a side view, a section view and the proximal end of the screw as detail side view and detail section view. - As shown in
FIG. 8 , ascrew 10 according to the invention may comprise at its distal end anouter thread 12,radial openings 17 and astep 16 in the axial through bore. Theouter thread 12 may be machined only in an end portion of the shank, wherein the thread may also cover the shank of the screw full length. Provided along the longitudinal center line of the screw is a through bore composed of two bore portions. The proximal bore portion comprises a first diameter and the distal bore portion a second diameter, wherein the first diameter being larger than the second diameter. The proximal bore portion may form the main portion of the through bore. Just a small end portion of the shank of the screw in whichportion thread 12 is machined is formed by the distal bore portion. The transition from the proximal bore portion to the distal bore portion is formed bystep 16 in the diameter.Step 16 in the diameter forms an annular ridge having substantially right-angled edges at the wall of the through bore within the screw. Each edge ofstep 16 in the diameter may be machined flat or rounded or conical. However, the step may also provide for a closed distal end of the screw. - In addition, the
screw 10 features openings orholes 17 radially configured through the wall of the screw. Openings may be configured in differing directions, for example perpendicular to the longitudinal centre line of the screw and arranged in the end portion withthread 12. Preferablyopenings 17 are arranged in a region of the end portion which also features the proximal bore portion. According to one embodiment twoopenings 17 may be configured axially juxtaposed in the proximal bore portion and throughthread 12. Furthermore, four such pairs of openings may be evenly distributed about the circumference of the screw, in other words, circumferentially spaced by 90°. It is, however, just as possible that three, four, five or more openings may be provided circumferentially and it is not necessary that the holes circumferentially distributed are all at same level. The openings might also be distributed circumferentially along the thread turn. Apart from this, transverse or longitudinal oblong holes, slots, or the like may be provided. - Furthermore the position of
step 16 in diameter together with theopenings 17 in the wall can be positioned optionally along the longitudinal centre line and thus the siting of the augmentation can be determined in accordance with the particular application and the desired effect. - As also shown in
FIG. 8 , the screw comprises at its proximal end acollar 13 forming a shoulder or transition from the outer diameter of the shaft to an outer diameter of a secondouter thread 14. As mentioned above, the outer thread is machined such that the outer edges of the thread line are rounded or at least not sharp. Since the proximal end of the screw i.e. thecollar 13 and theouter thread 14 will remain outside of a bone into which the screw is implanted, these elements should be formed such that an irritation of or insurance to the tissue surrounding the end of the screw can be avoided. The length of the outer thread may be only a few millimetres, just enough to ensure a reliable connection between the screw and a tissue protection sleeve. The forces in axial and/or in radial direction may be transmitted through this threaded connection. Furthermore, the end projecting out of the bone should be as short as possible. - Further, the screw comprises an inner
tool engagement portion 18 in its proximal end portion. Theinner engagement portion 18 is provided for transmission of rotational forces. Furthermore, by holding the screw by means of a screw driver engaged in the inner engagement portiontissue protection sleeve 30 may be easily removed from the outer thread of the screw. The shape of the inner engagement portion may be a torx or hex fitting to a corresponding driving end of a screw driver. However, said shape may also be any suitable driving connection including slot, cross, customized or else. The only restriction is the fact that the axial through bore in the screw will provide for absence of material in the center portion of the inner engagement portion. -
FIGS. 9 and 9A , an assembly ofscrew 10,tissue protection sleeve 30 and ascrew driver 40 is shown. Furthermore, the detail view Z inFIG. 9A shows the connection portion of the three mentioned elements in section. As depict, theshaft 41 ofscrew driver 40 engages with its driving end in the inner engagement portion of the screw, andtissue protection sleeve 30 engages with its thread at its distal end in theouter thread 14 at the proximal end of the screw. In the enlarged view ofFIG. 9A it can also be seen that the outer contour of thecollar 13 of thescrew 10 and end portion of thesleeve 30 may be designed to have a smooth transition. - In
FIGS. 10 and 10A , an assembly ofscrew 10, thetissue protection sleeve 30, apolymer pin 20 with aninsert 22, and asonotrode 52 of an augmentation tool like an ultrasound handpiece is shown. After removing the screw driver out of the sleeve, thepolymer pin 20 may be inserted into the hollow shaft of thescrew 10, through the also hollowtissue protection sleeve 30. Proximally behind thepolymer pin 20 is a sonotrode inserted through thesleeve 30 and into the through bore of the screw. - It should be noted that the
polymer pin 20 may also be made of other materials such as for instance a thermoplastic material suitable for augmenting a screw, both resorptive and non-resorptive materials being useful. Further, it is to be noted that the technology described with respect to an implantation of a screw into a bone, is not just limited to the indications. In other words, all screw applications which can be supplied by cannulated screws can be potentially supplied by the set and screw in accordance with the invention. Advantageously, the material into which the screw will be screwed in, is a porous material. Furthermore, the material of the so called polymer pin may have adhesive properties, especially in case of an application in a non-medical field. - While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and. not restrictive; the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments.
- Other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit may fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measured cannot be used to advantage. A computer program may be stored/distributed on a suitable medium, such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium supplied together with or as part of other hardware, but may also be distributed in other forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.
- Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
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CN201010147618.2A CN101897616B (en) | 2009-04-03 | 2010-03-31 | Sonic screw |
US14/100,698 US9668798B2 (en) | 2009-04-03 | 2013-12-09 | Sonic screw |
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EP (1) | EP2236101B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5208988B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101897616B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2010201014B8 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2696539C (en) |
ES (1) | ES2547500T3 (en) |
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US20130006278A1 (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2013-01-03 | Sportwelding Gmbh | Method of fastening a tissue or a corresponding prosthetic element in an opening provided in a human or animal bone and fastener suitable for the method |
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US20140046380A1 (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2014-02-13 | Wilson Theophilo Asfora | Joint fusion |
US8808293B2 (en) | 2011-01-21 | 2014-08-19 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Trochanteric femoral nail augmentable |
US20150289905A1 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-10-15 | Lutz Biedermann | Screw element for use in spinal, orthopedic or trauma surgery and a system of such a screw element and a screw driver adapted thereto |
US20150342658A1 (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2015-12-03 | Spinewelding Ag | Medical apparatus, and surgical method |
US20170231671A1 (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2017-08-17 | Stryker European Holdings I, Llc | Slotted Augmentation Sleeve |
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US10052140B2 (en) | 2016-10-05 | 2018-08-21 | Stryker European Holdings I, Llc | Apparatus and method for fenestrated screw augmentation |
US10179014B1 (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2019-01-15 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Systems and methods for promoting sacroiliac joint fusion |
US10507052B2 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2019-12-17 | Woodwelding Ag | System for handling an augmentation implant |
US20210045786A1 (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2021-02-18 | Spinewelding Ag | System and method for establishing an anchorage or reinforcement in an object with the aid of in situ liquefaction and displacement of a material having thermoplastic properties |
US20210401478A1 (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2021-12-30 | Innovision, Inc. | Bone screws and methods of use thereof |
US11432861B2 (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2022-09-06 | Stryker European Operations Holdings Llc | Self-holding screw head |
US20230145753A1 (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2023-05-11 | Biedermann Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Locking element for a polyaxial bone anchor, bone plate assembly and tool |
US11660134B2 (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2023-05-30 | Medos International Sarl | Instruments and methods for delivering bone cement to a bone screw |
US11679005B1 (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-06-20 | Spinal Simplicity, Llc | Implant removal tool |
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US20210401478A1 (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2021-12-30 | Innovision, Inc. | Bone screws and methods of use thereof |
US11766283B2 (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2023-09-26 | Innovision, Inc. | Bone screws and methods of use thereof |
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US20150342658A1 (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2015-12-03 | Spinewelding Ag | Medical apparatus, and surgical method |
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US10709487B2 (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2020-07-14 | Sportwelding Gmbh | Method of fastening a tissue or a corresponding prosthetic element in an opening provided in a human or animal bone and fastener suitable for the method |
US11589909B2 (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2023-02-28 | Sportwelding Gmbh | Method of fastening a tissue or a corresponding prosthetic element in an opening provided in a human or animal bone and fastener suitable for the method |
US20130006278A1 (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2013-01-03 | Sportwelding Gmbh | Method of fastening a tissue or a corresponding prosthetic element in an opening provided in a human or animal bone and fastener suitable for the method |
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US11925396B2 (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2024-03-12 | Biedermann Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Locking element for a polyaxial bone anchor, bone plate assembly and tool |
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US9131946B2 (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2015-09-15 | D.L.P. | Surgical instrument for a technique for attaching bone fragments using a cannulated screw |
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US11253302B2 (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2022-02-22 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Systems and methods for promoting sacroiliac joint fusion |
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US10987144B2 (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2021-04-27 | Asfora Ip, Llc | Screw for joint fusion |
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US10335198B2 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2019-07-02 | Biedermann Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Screw element for use in spinal, orthopedic or trauma surgery and a system of such a screw element and a screw driver adapted thereto |
US11045226B2 (en) | 2014-04-15 | 2021-06-29 | Biedermann Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Screw element for use in spinal, orthopedic or trauma surgery and a system of such a screw element and a screw driver adapted thereto |
US9867639B2 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2018-01-16 | Biedermann Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Screw element for use in spinal, orthopedic or trauma surgery and a system of such a screw element and a screw driver adapted thereto |
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US20170231671A1 (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2017-08-17 | Stryker European Holdings I, Llc | Slotted Augmentation Sleeve |
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US11096733B2 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2021-08-24 | Nexilis Ag Bei Bdo Ag | Devices and methods for minimally invasive immediate implant stabilization |
US20180360516A1 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-12-20 | Nexilis Ag Bei Bdo Ag | Devices and methods for minimally invasive immediate implant stabilization |
US10052140B2 (en) | 2016-10-05 | 2018-08-21 | Stryker European Holdings I, Llc | Apparatus and method for fenestrated screw augmentation |
US10595912B2 (en) | 2016-10-05 | 2020-03-24 | Stryker European Holdings I, Llc | Apparatus and method for fenestrated screw augmentation |
US11771476B2 (en) | 2016-10-05 | 2023-10-03 | Stryker European Operations Holdings Llc | Apparatus and method for fenestrated screw augmentation |
US11432861B2 (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2022-09-06 | Stryker European Operations Holdings Llc | Self-holding screw head |
US20220323129A1 (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2022-10-13 | Stryker European Operations Holdings Llc | Self-Holding Screw Head |
US11925399B2 (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2024-03-12 | Stryker European Operations Holdings Llc | Self-holding screw head |
US20210045786A1 (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2021-02-18 | Spinewelding Ag | System and method for establishing an anchorage or reinforcement in an object with the aid of in situ liquefaction and displacement of a material having thermoplastic properties |
US11660134B2 (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2023-05-30 | Medos International Sarl | Instruments and methods for delivering bone cement to a bone screw |
US11679005B1 (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-06-20 | Spinal Simplicity, Llc | Implant removal tool |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101897616B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
CN101897616A (en) | 2010-12-01 |
ES2547500T3 (en) | 2015-10-06 |
AU2010201014B2 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
AU2010201014A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
EP2236101A1 (en) | 2010-10-06 |
US20140114362A1 (en) | 2014-04-24 |
CA2696539C (en) | 2013-01-29 |
EP2236101B1 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
JP5208988B2 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
CA2696539A1 (en) | 2010-10-03 |
JP2010240396A (en) | 2010-10-28 |
US9668798B2 (en) | 2017-06-06 |
AU2010201014B8 (en) | 2012-04-05 |
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