TW201508131A - A railway rail fastening clip and railway rail fastening assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

A railway rail fastening clip and a railway rail fastening assembly are provided. The railway rail fastening clip comprising a rod of resilient metal which, progressing from one end of the rod to the other end, comprises: a first portion, which starts at one end of the rod; a second portion; a third portion; a fourth portion; and a fifth portion which ends at said other end of the rod, wherein the second and fourth portions comprise reverse bends which are configured such that when the clip is viewed from above in an installed configuration, the third and fifth portions appear to be on opposite sides of an axis of the first portion, wherein the fourth portion comprises first and second subportions, midlines of the first and second subportions having first and second radii of curvature respectively in a plane substantially defined by the fourth portion, the first radius of curvature being greater than the second radius of curvature.

Description

Rail fastener

The present invention relates to a rail fastener, particularly but not exclusively to a rail fastener that includes a portion of the radius of curvature that can be varied.

Various forms of elastic track fasteners are known, for example as described in GB 1510224A. Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings show an existing rail buckle set as disclosed in GB 1510224A.

In GB 1510224 A, the Applicant proposes a rail fastener aspect having a first portion 1, a second curved portion 2, a third portion 3, a fourth curved portion 4, and a fifth portion 5. When the fastener is used, the fifth portion 5 is pressed against the track base and extends in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the track. The first portion 1 engages a passage in the fastener anchoring device and the third portion 3 is pressed against the other side of the anchoring device.

In use, the rail fastener is in a stressed state to press against the rail base and hold the rail in a fixed position. In particular, the fastener is subjected to vertical loads on the first, third and fifth portions and causes stress in the fastener. In addition, the fastener may be subjected to a lateral load in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the track, for example when the train crosses the track When the fastener is pressed down. This lateral load may cause further stress in the fastener.

Ideally, the fastener can withstand the stresses caused by vertical and lateral loads in a reliable manner.

In this regard, it is an object of the present invention to provide a rail fastener that can withstand the stresses caused by vertical and lateral loads in a more reliable manner.

A rail fastener according to an aspect of the present invention includes an elastic metal rod, the rod body including: a first portion starting from an end of the rod body; a second portion; a third portion; a fourth portion; and a fifth portion ending at the other end of the shaft, wherein the second and fourth portions comprise a reverse bend when the fastener is viewed from above in the mounting structure, The third and fifth portions are presented on opposite sides of the first partial spindle, wherein the fourth portion includes first and second sub-portions, a centerline of the first and second sub-portions The planes defined by the fourth portion each have first and second radii of curvature, the first radii of curvature being greater than the second radii of curvature.

The first sub-portion of the fourth portion may be located in the third portion And between the second sub-portions of the fourth portion.

The second sub-portion of the fourth portion is at or near the geometric apex of the fourth portion. The second sub-portion of the fourth portion may be spaced by a midpoint of the fourth portion. The midpoint may be located at half between the third and the fifth portion. The second sub-portion of the fourth portion may be closer to the fifth portion than the third portion.

The fourth portion may further include a third sub-portion. The third subsection may have a third radius of curvature. The third sub-portion of the fourth portion may be located between the fifth portion and the second sub-portion of the fourth portion. The third radius of curvature may be greater than the second radius of curvature.

The first sub-portion of the fourth portion may be adjacent to the third portion. The second sub-portion of the fourth portion may be adjacent to the fifth portion. Alternatively, the third sub-portion of the fourth portion may be adjacent to the fifth portion, for example, the third sub-portion is located between the second sub-portion and the fifth portion.

The first radius of curvature may be greater than half the distance between the third and the fifth portion of the center line. The first radius of curvature may be greater than or equal to 55% of the distance between the lines of the third and fifth portions. The first radius of curvature may be greater than or equal to 60% of the distance between the lines of the third and fifth portions.

The second radius of curvature may be less than half the distance between the lines of the third and fifth portions. The second radius of curvature may be less than or equal to 45% of the distance between the lines of the third and fifth portions. The second radius of curvature may be less than or equal to 40% of the distance between the lines of the third and fifth portions.

The distance between the third and the fifth portion of the center line may be measured from the third and the fifth portion adjacent to an end of the fourth portion.

The fourth portion can be a shape that is substantially in a plane. The plane of the fourth portion has an angle with respect to the horizontal plane when the rail fastener is in the mounting structure.

A rod body having a length less than 20 times its thickness. In particular, the shaft may have a length that is less than 18 times its thickness.

The aforementioned radius of curvature can be applied to the center line of the shaft.

The sub-portions of the fourth portion may have different centers of rotation.

A transition zone between the first and second sub-portions of the fourth portion can be located at either end away from the fourth portion.

A rail buckle set may include the aforementioned rail fastener.

1‧‧‧Part 1

2‧‧‧second bend

3‧‧‧Part III

4‧‧‧fourth bend

5‧‧‧Part 5

10‧‧‧fasteners

11‧‧‧Part 1

12‧‧‧Part II

13‧‧‧Part III

13a‧‧‧subsection

13b‧‧‧subsection

14‧‧‧Part IV

14a‧‧‧Subsection

14b‧‧‧subsection

14c‧‧‧ subsection

14a'‧‧‧ radius of curvature

14b'‧‧‧ radius of curvature

14c'‧‧‧ radius of curvature

14a"‧‧‧ angle

14b"‧‧‧ angle

14c"‧‧‧ angle

15‧‧‧Part 5

15a‧‧‧flat surface

20‧‧‧ rod body

21‧‧‧ midline

22‧‧‧ midline

23‧‧‧ midline

24‧‧‧ midline

24a‧‧ midline

24b‧‧‧ midline

24c‧‧ midline

25‧‧‧ midline

11-12‧‧‧ segments

12-13‧‧‧ segments

13-14‧‧‧ segments

14-15‧‧‧ segments

14a-14b‧‧‧Transition zone

14b-14c‧‧‧Transition zone

A‧‧‧ first end

B‧‧‧second end

P‧‧‧ plane

H‧‧‧ plane

D‧‧‧Distance

LS‧‧‧low stress zone

MS‧‧‧Medium stress zone

HS‧‧‧High stress area

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a conventional rail fastener in the direction of arrow I in FIG. 2; FIG. 2 is an end view of the same fastener in the direction of arrow II in FIG. Figure 4 is a side elevational view of the rail fastener according to the embodiment of the present invention in the direction of arrow V in Figure 5; Figure 5 is a view showing the fastener according to the embodiment of the present invention in the direction of arrow IV in Figure 4 of Figure 6 is a plan view showing a fastener according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic view showing a plane defined by a fastener in a vertical fourth portion according to an embodiment of the present invention (the first portion is omitted for clarity) And FIG. 8 shows the stress contour of the conventional fastener (FIG. 8(a)) and the stress contour of the fastener according to the embodiment of the present invention (FIG. 8(b)).

Referring to Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7, a rail fastener 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes a shank 20 comprising, from its first end A to a second end B, a first portion of the shank A The first portion 11 of the end of the end; the second portion 12; the third portion 13; the fourth portion 14; and the fifth portion 15 ending at the second end B of the shaft 20. As shown in Figure 6, the partial intersections are approximately marked by line segments 11-12, 12-13, 13-14, 14-15.

The first and fifth portions 11, 15 are substantially straight lines. Conversely, when the fastener is viewed from above when the structure is mounted (as shown in FIG. 6), the second and fourth portions 12, 14 comprise reverse bends, and the third and fifth portions 13, 15 are presented in the first portion 11. On opposite sides of line 21. In other words, the average radius of curvature of the fourth portion 14 is greater than the average radius of curvature of the second portion 12.

As shown in Figure 4, the centerline 24 of the fourth portion 14 is substantially in a plane P having an angle with respect to the horizontal plane H in the mounting structure. (Fig. 7 is a view of the fourth portion 14 when perpendicular to the fourth partial plane P.) Therefore, the third portion 13 may include a neighbor The sub-portion 13a of the second portion 12 is adjacent, and the sub-portion 13b adjacent to the fourth portion 14. The sub-portions 13a, 13b can be bent, for example, in different planes to provide a transition zone from the second portion 12 to the fourth portion 14. For example, the sub-portion 13b can be bent from the plane of the second portion 12 to the plane P where the substantially fourth portion is located.

In use, the fifth portion 15 is configured to be pressed against a track (not shown) either directly or by an insulator. The fifth portion 15 can include a flat surface 15a for contacting the track. The third portion 13 can be pressed against an anchoring device (not shown) and the first portion 11 can be located in the receiving portion, such as the aperture of the anchoring device. Alternatively, the fasteners 10 can be oriented opposite when the third and fifth portions 13, 15 are each pressed against the track and anchoring device.

The shaft 20 can be deformed when installed to provide a force against the track. Therefore, the rod 20 can be made of metal, such as an elastic metal. The fastener 10 can be formed by bending the rod body 20 about one or more times. In terms of size, the rod 20 can have a length that is about 17.9 times its thickness.

As best seen in Figure 7, the fourth portion 14 includes first and second sub-portions 14a, 14b, and the first sub-portion 14a of the fourth portion 14 can be located in the third portion 13 and the second sub-portion of the fourth portion 14. Between 14b. Therefore, the first sub-portion 14a of the fourth portion 14 can be adjacent to the third portion 13. The second sub-portion 14b of the fourth portion 14 can be located at or near the geometric apex of the fourth portion 14, such as at the farthest from the third and/or fifth portions 13, 15.

It will be appreciated that the transition regions 14a-14b between the first and second sub-portions 14a, 14b of the fourth portion 14 are located at either end away from the fourth portion 14. Over The crossings 14a-14b can be located at or near the geometric vertices of the fourth portion 14.

As shown in FIG. 7, the centerlines 24a, 24b of the first and second sub-portions 14a, 14b each have first and second radii of curvature 14a', 14b' in a plane substantially defined by the fourth portion 14. . (It should be noted that the respective centerlines 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 of the portions 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 of the body 20 correspond to segments that pass substantially through the center of the shaft.) First radius of curvature 14a' It is larger than the second radius of curvature 14b'.

As shown, the fourth portion 14 can further include a third sub-portion 14c, but in other arrangements (not shown), the third sub-portion can be omitted. The third sub-portion 14c of the fourth portion 14 can be located between the fifth portion 15 and the second sub-portion 14b of the fourth portion 14. The third sub-portion 14c of the fourth portion 14 can be adjacent to the fifth portion 15. Alternatively, in the case where the third sub-portion 14c is omitted, the second sub-portion 14b of the fourth portion 14 may be adjacent to the fifth portion 15.

It will be appreciated that the transition regions 14b-14c between the second and third sub-portions 14b, 14c of the fourth portion 14 are located at either end away from the fourth portion 14.

The centerline 24c of the third subsection may have a third radius of curvature 14c'. The third radius of curvature 14c' may be larger than the second radius of curvature 14b'. The first and third radii of curvature 14a', 14c' may be substantially equal.

The first radius of curvature 14a' may be greater than half the distance D between the centerlines 23, 25 of the third and fifth portions 13, 15, wherein the third and fifth portions 13, 15 meet the fourth portion 14. The first radius of curvature 14a' may be greater than or equal to 55% of the distance D between the centerlines 23, 25 of the third and fifth portions 13, 15.

The second radius of curvature 14b' may be smaller than the center line of the third and fifth portions 13, 15 Half of the distance D between 23 and 25. The second radius of curvature 14b' may be less than or equal to 45% of the distance D between the centerlines 25, 25 of the third and fifth portions 13, 15.

Referring to Figure 7, the first angle 14a" opposite the first portion 14a can be greater than the second angle 14b" opposite the second portion 14b. Similarly, the third angle 14c" that the third portion 14c opposes may be greater than the second angle 14b" that the second portion 14b opposes. The first angle 14a" opposite the first portion 14a may be greater than the third angle 14c" opposite the third portion 14c.

Referring again to Figure 7, the length of the arc of the first sub-portion 14a formed along the centerline 24a may be greater than the length of the arc of the second sub-portion 14b. Similarly, the length of the arc of the third sub-portion 14c formed along the center line 24c may be greater than the length of the arc of the second sub-portion 14b. The length of the arc of the first sub-portion 14a formed along the center line 24a may be greater than the length of the arc forming the third sub-portion 14c.

In a particular example, the first, second, and third sub-portions 14a, 14b, 14c of the fourth portion 14 each have an inner radius of curvature of about 40 mm, 20 mm, and 40 mm, that is, the center of rotation to the inner edge of the shaft 20. The radius of curvature. (In other words, the radius formed by the bending of the rod forming sub-portions 14a, 14b, 14c.) In a particular example, the rod 20 has a diameter of 19 mm. Therefore, the first, second, and third radii of curvature 14a', 14b', 14c' measured from the respective rotation centers to the center lines 24a, 24b, 24c of the respective rod bodies 20 are approximately 49.5 mm, 29.5 mm, respectively. And 49.5mm. The distance D between the center line 23 of the third portion 13 of the fourth portion 14 of the intersection to the center line 25 of the fifth portion 15 of the fourth portion 14 of the intersection is about 80 mm.

As shown in a particular example, the first sub-portion 14a can be approximately 70 ± 10 The first angle 14a" of the degree is opposite, the second sub-portion 14b can be opposed by the second angle 14b" of about 55 ± 10 degrees, and the third sub-portion 14c can be by about 55 ± 10 degrees The three angles 14c" are opposite. However, it will be appreciated that other angles may be used for the first, second and third subsections.

Figure 8 (a) depicts the stress contours of the third and fourth portions 3, 4 of a conventional rail fastener via a given bend. The aforementioned bend includes a vertical component that includes a static bend applied to the fastener after installation, and a dynamic lateral component that can occur when the train passes through a portion of the track in which the fastener is pressed. As shown, in the fourth portion 4 there are low, medium and high stress regions LS, MS, HS. In particular, the high stress region HS is located in the region of the fourth portion 4 facing the third portion 3.

Conversely, Figure 8(b) depicts the equivalent stress contours of the third and fourth portions 13, 14 of the rail fastener in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention that is curved as shown in Figure 8(a). As shown, there are low and medium stress regions LS, MS in the fourth region 14, but embodiments of the present invention do not have high stress regions. The fastener of the present invention better disperses the dynamic stresses surrounding the third and fourth portions, and the fastener is subjected to a lower maximum dynamic stress.

The invention thus effectively reduces the stress in the fourth portion 14. In turn, a more reliable rail fastener can be provided and/or the diameter of the fastener can be reduced, thereby saving material.

10‧‧‧fasteners

14a‧‧‧Subsection

14b‧‧‧subsection

14c‧‧‧ subsection

14a'‧‧‧ radius of curvature

14b'‧‧‧ radius of curvature

14c'‧‧‧ radius of curvature

14a"‧‧‧ angle

14b"‧‧‧ angle

14c"‧‧‧ angle

24a‧‧ midline

24b‧‧‧ midline

24c‧‧ midline

13-14‧‧‧ segments

14-15‧‧‧ segments

14a-14b‧‧‧Transition zone

14b-14c‧‧‧Transition zone

D‧‧‧Distance

Claims (16)

A rail fastener comprising an elastic metal rod, the rod body comprising: a first portion starting from an end of the rod body; a second portion; a third portion; a fourth portion; The fifth part ends at the other end of the rod body, wherein the second and the fourth portion comprise a reverse bend when the fastener is viewed from above in the mounting structure, the third and the Five portions are presented on opposite sides of the first partial spindle, wherein the fourth portion includes first and second sub-portions, and a centerline of the first and second sub-portions is substantially Each of the partially defined planes has a first and a second radius of curvature, the first radius of curvature being greater than the second radius of curvature. The rail fastener of claim 1, wherein the first sub-portion of the fourth portion is located between the third portion and the second sub-portion of the fourth portion. The rail fastener of claim 1 or 2, wherein the second subsection of the fourth portion is at or near a geometric apex of the fourth portion. A rail fastener according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein The midpoint of the four portions is spaced apart from the second subsection of the fourth portion. A rail fastener as described in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second subsection of the fourth portion is closer to the fifth portion than to the third portion. A rail fastener as described in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fourth portion further comprises a third subsection, the centerline of the third subsection having a third radius of curvature. The rail fastener of claim 6, wherein the third sub-portion of the fourth portion is located between the fifth portion and the second sub-portion of the fourth portion. The rail fastener of claim 6 or 7, wherein the third radius of curvature is larger than the second radius of curvature. A rail fastener according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first radius of curvature is greater than half the distance between the third and the fifth portion of the centerline. The rail fastener of claim 9, wherein the first radius of curvature is greater than or equal to 55% of the distance between the centerlines of the third and fifth portions. A rail fastener according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the second radius of curvature is less than half the distance between the lines of the third and fifth portions. The rail fastener of claim 11, wherein the second radius of curvature is less than or equal to 45% of the distance between the center lines of the third and fifth portions. A rail fastener as described in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fourth portion is in a shape substantially in a plane. The rail fastener of claim 13, wherein the plane of the fourth portion has an angle with respect to a horizontal plane when the rail fastener is in the mounting structure. A rail buckle set comprising the rail fastener of any of the preceding claims. A rail fastener or rail buckle set substantially as herein described and illustrated in Figures 4-8.