TWI621753B - A railway rail fastening clip and railway rail fastening assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a rail fastener and a rail fastener group. The rail fastener includes an elastic metal rod body, and the rod body includes, from one end to the other end, a first portion starting from one end of the rod body; a second portion; a third portion; a fourth portion; and a fifth Part, ending at the other end of the rod body, wherein when the fastener is viewed from above in the mounting structure, the second and fourth parts include reverse bending, the third and the fifth part Present on opposite sides of the axis of the first portion, wherein the fourth portion includes first and second sub-portions, and the centerlines of the first and second sub-portions are substantially defined by the fourth portion The defined planes each have a first and a second curvature radius, and the first curvature radius is larger than the second curvature radius.

Description

Rail fastener and rail buckle group

The present invention relates to a rail fastener, and particularly, but not exclusively, to a rail fastener including a portion with a variable radius of curvature.

Various forms of elastic track fasteners are currently known, such as those described in GB1510224A. Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings show the existing rail buckle set disclosed in GB1510224A.

In GB1510224A, the applicant proposed a rail fastener with a first part 1, a second curved part 2, a third part 3, a fourth curved part 4, and a fifth part 5. When the fastener is used, the fifth portion 5 is pressed against the rail base and extends in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail. The first part 1 engages a channel in the anchoring device, and the third part 3 is pressed on the other side of the anchoring device.

When in use, the rail fastener is under stress to press on the rail base and keep the rail in a fixed position. In particular, the fasteners are subject to vertical loads on the first, third, and fifth parts and cause stress in the fasteners. In addition, the fasteners can Can be subjected to side loads in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the track, such as when a train passes over a depressed part of the track. This side load may cause further stress in the fastener.

Ideally, the fastener can withstand the stress caused by vertical and lateral loads in a reliable manner.

In this regard, the present invention aims to provide a rail fastener that can withstand the stress caused by vertical and lateral loads in a more reliable manner.

A rail fastener provided according to an aspect of the present invention includes an elastic metal rod body, and the rod body includes, from one end to the other end: a first portion, starting from one end of the rod body; a second portion; Three parts; a fourth part; and a fifth part ending at the other end of the rod body, wherein when the fastener is viewed from above in the mounting structure, the second and fourth parts include reverse bending, The third and fifth sections are presented on opposite sides of the main axis of the first section, wherein the fourth section includes first and second subsections, and the midlines of the first and second subsections Each of the planes substantially defined by the fourth portion has a first and a second curvature radius, and the first curvature radius is larger than the second curvature radius.

The first sub-portion of the fourth portion may be located between the third portion and the second sub-portion of the fourth portion.

The second sub-portion of the fourth portion is located at or near a geometric vertex of the fourth portion. The second sub-portion of the fourth portion may be separated by a midpoint of the fourth portion. The midpoint may be halfway between the third and fifth parts. The second sub-portion of the fourth portion may be closer to the fifth portion than the third portion.

The fourth portion may further include a third sub-portion. The third sub-portion may have a third radius of curvature. The third sub-portion of the fourth portion may be located between the fifth portion and the second sub-portion of the fourth portion. The third radius of curvature may be larger than the second radius of curvature.

The first sub-portion of the fourth portion may be adjacent to the third portion. The second sub-portion of the fourth portion may be adjacent to the fifth portion. Alternatively, the third subsection of the fourth section may be adjacent to the fifth section, for example, the third subsection is located between the second subsection and the fifth section.

The first radius of curvature may be larger than a half of the distance between the third and fifth portions of the center line. The first radius of curvature may be greater than or equal to 55% of the distance between the centerlines of the third and fifth portions. The first radius of curvature may be greater than or equal to 60% of the distance between the centerlines of the third and fifth portions.

The second radius of curvature may be smaller than the third and fifth part centerlines Half the distance between. The second radius of curvature may be less than or equal to 45% of the distance between the third and fifth portion midlines. The second radius of curvature may be less than or equal to 40% of a distance between the centerlines of the third and fifth portions.

The distance between the centerlines of the third and fifth portions can be measured from the third and fifth portions adjacent to one end of the fourth portion.

The fourth portion may be a shape substantially lying in a plane. When the rail fastener is in a mounting structure, a plane of the fourth portion has an angle with respect to a horizontal plane.

A rod body may have a length less than 20 times its thickness. In particular, the rod body may have a length less than 18 times its thickness.

The aforementioned curvature radius can be applied to the center line of the rod body.

The sub-portions of the fourth portion may have different centers of rotation.

A transition region between the first and second sub-portions of the fourth portion may be located far from any end of the fourth portion.

A rail fastener set may include the aforementioned rail fasteners.

1‧‧‧ Part I

2‧‧‧ the second curved part

3‧‧‧ Part III

4‧‧‧ Fourth curved part

5‧‧‧ Part V

10‧‧‧Fastener

11‧‧‧ Part I

12‧‧‧ Part Two

13‧‧‧ Part III

13a‧‧‧Subsection

13b‧‧‧Subsection

14‧‧‧ Part Four

14a‧‧‧Subsection

14b‧‧‧Subsection

14c‧‧‧Subsection

14a'‧‧‧curvature radius

14b'‧‧‧curvature radius

14c'‧‧‧curvature radius

14a "‧‧‧ angle

14b "‧‧‧angle

14c "‧‧‧ angle

15‧‧‧ Part V

15a‧‧‧ flat noodle

20‧‧‧ Rod

21‧‧‧ Midline

22‧‧‧ Midline

23‧‧‧ Midline

24‧‧‧ Midline

24a‧‧‧Midline

24b‧‧‧Midline

24c‧‧‧Midline

25‧‧‧ Midline

11-12‧‧‧line segment

12-13‧‧‧line segment

13-14‧‧‧line segments

14-15‧‧‧line segment

14a-14b ‧‧‧ transition zone

14b-14c ‧‧‧ transition zone

A‧‧‧ the first end

B‧‧‧ second end

P‧‧‧plane

H‧‧‧plane

D‧‧‧distance

LS‧‧‧Low Stress Area

MS‧‧‧ Medium Stress Area

HS‧‧‧High Stress Area

Hereinafter, reference will be made to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows a side view of a conventional rail fastener in the direction of arrow I in FIG. 2; FIG. 2 shows an end view of the same fastener in the direction of arrow II in FIG. 1; Plan view of the same fastener; FIG. 4 shows a rail fastener according to an embodiment of the present invention according to the arrow V in FIG. 5 FIG. 5 shows an end view of a fastener according to an embodiment of the present invention in the direction of arrow IV in FIG. 4; FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a fastener according to an embodiment of the present invention; The schematic diagram of the fastener according to the embodiment of the invention in the vertical plane defined by the fourth part (the first part is omitted for clarity); and FIG. 8 shows the stress contour of the conventional fastener (FIG. 8 (a)) and The stress contour of the fastener of the embodiment of the invention (Fig. 8 (b)).

4, 5, 6, and 7, the rail fastener 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a rod body 20, and the rod body 20 includes, from a first end A to a second end B thereof, at a first end of the rod body The first portion 11 starting from A; the second portion 12; the third portion 13; the fourth portion 14; and the fifth portion 15 ending at the second end B of the rod body 20. As shown in FIG. 6, the part of the intersection is approximately marked by line segments 11-12, 12-13, 13-14, and 14-15.

The first and fifth portions 11, 15 are substantially straight. Conversely, when viewed from above when the fastener is in the mounting structure (as shown in FIG. 6), the second and fourth parts 12, 14 include reverse bending, and the third and fifth parts 13, 15 are presented in the first part 11 The lines 21 are on opposite sides. In other words, the average radius of curvature of the fourth portion 14 is larger than the average radius of curvature of the second portion 12.

As shown in FIG. 4, the center line 24 of the fourth section 14 is substantially located at the installation junction. In the plane P having an angle with respect to the horizontal plane H. (FIG. 7 is a view of the fourth portion 14 when perpendicular to the fourth portion plane P.) Therefore, the third portion 13 may include a sub-portion 13 a adjacent to the second portion 12 and a sub-portion 13 b adjacent to the fourth portion 14. The sub-portions 13a, 13b can be bent, for example, in different planes in order to provide a transition region from the second portion 12 to the fourth portion 14. For example, the sub-portion 13b may be bent from the plane of the second portion 12 to the plane P where the fourth portion is substantially located.

In use, the fifth portion 15 is configured to be pressed onto a track (not shown) directly or through an insulator. The fifth portion 15 may include a flat surface 15a for contacting the track. The third portion 13 may be pressed on an anchoring device (not shown), and the first portion 11 may be located in a receiving portion, such as a hole of the anchoring device. Alternatively, when the third and fifth parts 13 and 15 are respectively pressed on the track and the anchor device, the fastener 10 may be oppositely oriented.

The rod body 20 can be deformed when installed so as to provide a force against the rail. Therefore, the rod body 20 may be made of a metal, such as an elastic metal. The fastener 10 may be formed by bending the rod body 20 about one or more times. In terms of size, the rod body 20 may have a length of about 17.9 times its thickness.

As best shown in FIG. 7, the fourth section 14 includes first and second sub-sections 14 a and 14 b. The first sub-section 14 a of the fourth section 14 may be located in the third section 13 and the second sub-section of the fourth section 14. 14b. Therefore, the first sub-portion 14 a of the fourth portion 14 may be adjacent to the third portion 13. The second sub-portion 14b of the fourth portion 14 may be located at or near the geometric apex of the fourth portion 14, such as furthest from the third and / Or the fifth part 13,15.

It can be understood that the transition region 14 a-14 b between the first and second sub-portions 14 a, 14 b of the fourth portion 14 is located far from any end of the fourth portion 14. The transition regions 14 a-14 b may be located at or near the geometric apex of the fourth portion 14.

As shown in FIG. 7, the center lines 24a, 24b of the first and second sub-portions 14a, 14b have first and second curvature radii 14a ', 14b', respectively, in a plane substantially defined by the fourth portion 14. . (It should be noted that the respective centerlines 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 of the portions 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 of the rod body 20 correspond to line segments that substantially pass through the center of the rod body.) The first radius of curvature 14a ' Compared with the second curvature radius 14b ', it is large.

As shown, the fourth portion 14 may further include a third sub-portion 14c, but in other settings (not shown), the third sub-portion may be omitted. The third sub-section 14 c of the fourth section 14 may be located between the fifth section 15 and the second sub-section 14 b of the fourth section 14. The third sub-portion 14 c of the fourth portion 14 may be adjacent to the fifth portion 15. Alternatively, in the case where the third sub-section 14 c is omitted, the second sub-section 14 b of the fourth section 14 may be adjacent to the fifth section 15.

It can be understood that the transition region 14 b-14 c between the second and third sub-portions 14 b, 14 c of the fourth portion 14 is located at any end far from the fourth portion 14.

The centerline 24c of the third sub-portion may have a third radius of curvature 14c '. The third radius of curvature 14c 'may be larger than the second radius of curvature 14b'. The first and third radii of curvature 14a ', 14c' may be substantially equal.

The first radius of curvature 14a 'can be compared to the middle of the third and fifth parts 13, 15 The half of the distance D between the lines 23 and 25 is large, in which the third and fifth sections 13, 15 meet the fourth section 14. The first radius of curvature 14a 'may be greater than or equal to 55% of the distance D between the centerlines 23, 25 of the third and fifth portions 13,15.

The second radius of curvature 14b 'may be less than half the distance D between the centerlines 23, 25 of the third and fifth portions 13,15. The second radius of curvature 14b 'may be less than or equal to 45% of the distance D between the centerlines 25, 25 of the third and fifth portions 13,15.

Referring to FIG. 7, a first angle 14 a "opposite to the first portion 14 a may be greater than a second angle 14 b" opposite to the second portion 14 b. Similarly, the third angle 14c "opposite the third portion 14c may be greater than the second angle 14b" opposite the second portion 14b. The first angle 14a "opposite the first portion 14a may be greater than the third angle 14c" opposite the third portion 14c.

Referring again to FIG. 7, the length of the arc that forms the first sub-portion 14a along the center line 24a may be greater than the length of the arc that forms the second sub-portion 14b. Similarly, the arc length forming the third sub-portion 14c along the center line 24c may be greater than the arc length forming the second sub-portion 14b. The arc length forming the first sub-portion 14a along the center line 24a may be greater than the arc length forming the third sub-portion 14c.

In a specific example, the first, second, and third sub-portions 14a, 14b, and 14c of the fourth portion 14 each have an inner radius of curvature of about 40mm, 20mm, and 40mm, which means that the center of rotation reaches the inner edge of the rod body 20 Radius of curvature. (In other words, these are the radii formed by bending the rod body to form the sub-portions 14a, 14b, 14c.) In a specific example, the rod body 20 has a diameter of 19 mm. Therefore, from the respective rotation centers The first, second, and third curvature radii 14a ', 14b', and 14c 'measured to the center lines 24a, 24b, and 24c of the respective rod bodies 20 are each approximately 49.5mm, 29.5mm, and 49.5mm. The distance D between the center line 23 of the third section 13 of the fourth section 14 and the center line 25 of the fifth section 15 of the fourth section 14 is about 80 mm.

As shown in a specific example, the first sub-portion 14a may be opposed by a first angle 14a "of about 70 ± 10 degrees, and the second sub-portion 14b may be opposed by a second angle 14b" of about 55 ± 10 degrees Opposite, and the third sub-portion 14c may be opposed by a third angle 14c "of about 55 ± 10 degrees. However, it is understandable that other angles may be used for the first, second and third sub-portions .

Figure 8 (a) shows the stress contours of the third and fourth parts 3, 4 of a conventional rail fastener via a given bend. The aforementioned bending includes a vertical component, which includes a static bending applied after the fastener is installed, and a dynamic lateral component, which may occur when a train passes through a portion of the track against which the fastener is pressed. As shown in the figure, there are low, medium and high stress regions LS, MS, HS in the fourth part 4. In particular, the high-stress region HS is located in a region of the fourth portion 4 toward the third portion 3.

In contrast, FIG. 8 (b) illustrates the equivalent stress contours of the third and fourth portions 13, 14 of the rail fastener according to the embodiment of the present invention, which are bent as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, there are low and medium stress regions LS, MS in the fourth region 14, but the embodiment of the present invention does not have a high stress region. The fastener of the present invention can better disperse the dynamic stresses surrounding the third and fourth parts, and the maximum dynamic stress to which the fastener is subjected is lower.

The invention therefore effectively reduces the stress in the fourth part 14. This can provide a more reliable rail fastener and / or reduce the diameter of the fastener, thus saving material.

Claims (14)

A rail fastener includes an elastic metal rod body, and the rod body includes, from one end to the other end, a first portion starting from one end of the rod body; a second portion; a third portion; a fourth portion; and The fifth part ends at the other end of the rod body, wherein when the fastener is viewed from above in the mounting structure, the second and the fourth part include reverse bending, the third and the first part Five parts are presented on opposite sides of the main axis of the first part, wherein the fourth part includes first and second sub-parts, and the middle lines of the first and second sub-parts are substantially defined by the fourth part. Each of the planes defined by a portion has a first and a second curvature radius, and the first curvature radius is larger than the second curvature radius, wherein the first sub-portion of the fourth portion is located in the first portion. Three parts and the second sub-part of the fourth part. The rail fastener according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the second sub-portion of the fourth portion is located at or near a geometric vertex of the fourth portion. The rail fastener according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the second sub-portion of the fourth portion is spaced apart by a midpoint of the fourth portion. The rail fastener according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein said fourth part The second sub-portion is closer to the fifth portion than to the third portion. The rail fastener according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the fourth portion further includes a third sub-portion, and a center line of the third sub-portion has a third radius of curvature. The rail fastener according to item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein the third sub-portion of the fourth portion is located between the fifth portion and the second sub-portion of the fourth portion. According to the rail fastener of claim 5, the third curvature radius is larger than the second curvature radius. The rail fastener according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first radius of curvature is greater than half of a distance between the third and fifth portions of the center line. The rail fastener according to item 8 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first radius of curvature is greater than or equal to 55% of the distance between the centerlines of the third and fifth sections. The rail fastener according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the second radius of curvature is less than half the distance between the third and fifth center lines. The rail fastener according to item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the second radius of curvature is less than or equal to 45% of the distance between the third and fifth center lines. The rail fastener according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the fourth part is in a shape substantially lying in a plane. The rail fastener according to item 12 of the scope of patent application, wherein when the rail fastener is in a mounting structure, a plane of the fourth portion has an angle with respect to a horizontal plane. A rail fastener set includes the rail fasteners described in any one of the foregoing patent applications.