TW201348436A - 可發泡之抗微生物性醇類組成物 - Google Patents
可發泡之抗微生物性醇類組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201348436A TW201348436A TW102106398A TW102106398A TW201348436A TW 201348436 A TW201348436 A TW 201348436A TW 102106398 A TW102106398 A TW 102106398A TW 102106398 A TW102106398 A TW 102106398A TW 201348436 A TW201348436 A TW 201348436A
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- Prior art keywords
- composition
- decane
- alcohol
- surfactant
- zwitterionic
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/16—Foams
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/0825—Preparations of compounds not comprising Si-Si or Si-cyano linkages
- C07F7/0827—Syntheses with formation of a Si-C bond
- C07F7/0829—Hydrosilylation reactions
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Abstract
可發泡之抗微生物性醇類組成物，其中該組成物包括至少約40wt.%的C1-4醇及一或多種選自下列之矽烷界面活性劑：(1)兩性離子矽烷界面活性劑，(2)含有至少一個矽烷基和至少一個聚環氧烷鏈之聚烷氧基化矽烷界面活性劑。
Description
本發明關於可發泡之抗微生物性醇類組成物，且更具體地說，關於包括一或多種矽烷界面活性劑之醇類組成物。
發泡清潔產品很受歡迎，部分是因為彼等較容易在表面上展開。消費者似乎偏好發泡皂產品的奢華感。產生與液體或凝膠相同清潔力需要較少泡沫。正確調配之泡沫產品不會產生傳統凝膠或液體產品所經歷之滴落和飛濺。此可防止損壞使用產品分配器的設施之地板和牆壁。泡沫產品的製造可比凝膠化產品更容易，該凝膠化產品經常結合難以處理之粉末增稠劑。
醇類產品廣泛作為皮膚消毒劑。美學是重要的，使用者將更可能使用不會黏黏的或黏滑的且對皮膚不苛刻的產品。幾個參考文獻描述各種用於非氣溶膠型醇類發泡組成物的發泡界面活性劑。然而，需要能夠形成有
效、穩定和美觀舒適的可發泡之抗微生物性醇類組成物的新發泡界面活性劑。
本發明之一或多個具體實例提供一種可發泡之組成物，其包含以醇類組成物總重量為基準計至少約40wt.%的C1-4醇或二或多種C1-9醇類之混合物；及一或多種矽烷界面活性劑。
本發明之一或多個具體實例另外包含一種抗微生物性組成物，其包含以醇類組成物總重量為基準計至少約50wt.%的C1-4醇；及從約0.001至約10wt.%的一或多種矽烷界面活性劑。
在一或多個具體實例中，根據本發明之醇類組成物包括至少一種低級醇。在一具體實例中，該低級醇含有1至4個碳原子。典型地，這些醇類具有抗微生物性質。低級醇類的例子包括(但不限於)甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、異丙醇、丁醇、異丁醇、三級丁醇、及其混合物。在一具體實例中，該醇包含乙醇。
醇類組成物可包括C1-9醇類之混合物。在一或多個具體實例中，該醇類組成物包括一或多種C1-4醇類
和一或多種C5-9醇類之混合物。混合物可包括一級、二級、或三級醇類。
通常，該醇類組成物包含以醇類組成物總重量為基準計至少約40重量百分比(wt.%)之醇的量。在一或多個具體實例中，該醇類組成物包含以醇類組成物總重量為基準計至少約45wt.%醇，在其他具體實例中，至少約50wt.%醇，在其他具體實例中，至少約60wt.%醇，在其他具體實例中，至少約62wt.%醇，在其他具體實例中，至少約65wt.%醇，在其他具體實例中，至少約68wt.%醇。在某些例子中需要更多或更少的醇，特別是取決於該組成物中所使用之其他成分及/或其量。在一或多個具體實例中，該醇類組成物包含從約40wt.%至約98wt.%醇，在其他具體實例中，該醇類組成物包含從約45wt.%至約95wt.%的醇，在其他具體實例中，該醇類組成物包含從約50wt.%至約90wt.%的醇，在其他具體實例中，該醇類組成物包含從約55wt.%至約80wt.%的醇，以醇類組成物總重量為基準計。
本發明之醇類組成物包括一或多種矽烷界面活性劑。在一或多個具體實例中，該矽烷界面活性劑可有助於醇類組成物之發泡性質。
在一或多個具體實例中，該矽烷界面活性劑特徵可為兩性離子矽烷界面活性劑。在一或多個具體實例中，該兩性離子界面活性劑包括離子部分和非極性矽烷部分。在一或多個具體實例中，該兩性離子界面活性劑可以
下式表示：
其中R1、R2和R3各自獨立地為支鏈或直鏈C2至C20烴基，R7為具有約4至約20個碳原子之二價烴基且隨意地包括側羥基和醚氧之一或二者，及R9係選自由下列所組成之群組
及其中R4、R5和R8各自獨立地為具有從1至約6個碳原子之烷基。
在一或多個具體實例中，該兩性離子界面活性劑包括極性二甲基甘胺酸部分及非極性矽烷部分。在一或多個具體實例中，該兩性離子界面活性劑包括甜菜鹼部分和烷基矽烷部分。
在一或多個具體實例中，該兩性離子界面活性劑可以下式表示
其中各R獨立地為支鏈或直鏈C2至C20烴基。C2至C20烴基的例子包括烷基和烯基。在一或多個具體實例中，各R獨立地為具有從1至約6個碳原子之烷基。在一或多個具體實例中，至少一個R為正丁基，及在其他具體實例中，至少二個R基為正丁基。
在一或多個具體實例中，該兩性離子矽烷界面活性劑為正丁基矽烷界面活性劑。在一或多個具體實例中，該正丁基矽烷界面活性劑可以下式表示
其中n為從約1至約20之整數。
在一具體實例中，該兩性離子矽烷的存在量以醇類組成物總重量為基準計為從約0.001至約10重量百分比，在另一具體實例中，從約0.002至約5重量百分比。在另一具體實例中，該兩性離子矽烷的存在量以醇類組成物總重量為基準計為從約0.01至約4重量百分比。可預想到較高量也可有效產生泡沫。所有該等重量，當彼等涉及本說明書整個中的兩性離子矽烷和其他成分，係以活性物質的含量為基準計，且因此不包括可包括在市售原料中之載體或副產物，除非另有規定。
在其他具體實例中，可能需要使用較高量的兩性離子矽烷。例如，在某些其中本發明之發泡醇類組成物包括施用於一表面上然後沖洗掉之清潔或消毒產物的具體實例中，可用較高量之兩性離子矽烷。在這些具體實例
中，兩性離子矽烷之存在量為以組成物總重量為基準計高達約35重量百分比之量。
在一或多個具體實例中，將兩性離子矽烷直接加至該醇類組成物。在一具體實例中，將兩性離子矽烷加至醇，並將混合物加熱，且攪拌，直到獲得均勻混合物。
在其他具體實例中，該兩性離子矽烷係以溶液或乳液形式加至該醇類組成物。換言之，該兩性離子矽烷可與載體預混合以形成兩性離子矽烷溶液或乳液，其先決條件為該載體不會有害影響該醇類組成物的發泡性質。載體的例子包括水、醇、二醇類(諸如丙二醇、乙二醇及丁二醇)、酮類、直鏈及/或環狀烴類、三酸甘油酯類、碳酸酯類、聚矽氧類、烯類、酯類諸如乙酸酯類、苯甲酸酯類、脂肪酯類、甘油酯類、醚類、醯胺類、聚乙二醇類與PEG/PPG共聚物、無機鹽溶液諸如鹽水，及其混合物。應暸解，當預混合該兩性離子矽烷以形成兩性離子矽烷溶液或乳液時，可選擇加至該醇類組成物之溶液或乳液的量以使兩性離子矽烷之量在前述範圍內。
在一或多個具體實例中，該正丁基矽烷界面活性劑可以下述流程1中所示之二步驟反應方法製備。
流程1中所示之反應利用一種鉑觸媒。更一般地說，該合成包括下列反應流程：a)利用在矽氫化觸媒存在下與矽烷之加成反應來反應環氧化物(其具有烯烴雙鍵)及b)藉由已知反應將該環矽烷改質之環氧化物的氧化物環開環且將該所得產物b1)磺化，或b2)藉由與三級胺在酸YH存在下之反應四級化，或b3)藉由與下式之化合物的反應轉化成甜菜鹼
較佳地，該矽氫化在高溫及/或在溶劑存在下進行，鉑觸媒係用作觸媒。
該方法之步驟b1)係以習知方法藉由使該矽烷改質之環氧化物與亞硫酸鹼(alkali)/硫酸氫鹼反應或藉由使所要陽離子之亞硫酸鹽/硫酸氫鹽在極性溶劑存在下反應來進行。作為溶劑，較佳使用異丙醇/水混合物。反應較佳在高溫(例如異丙醇/水混合物之沸點)進行。
該方法之步驟b2)，即矽烷改質之環氧化物與不同三級胺類之反應較佳也在極性溶劑(特別是短鏈、低沸點脂族醇，諸如異丙醇)存在下進行。該反應在質子酸存在下繼續進行，乙酸為較佳。
該方法之步驟b3)包含矽烷改質之環氧化物與二烷胺基乙酸在極性溶劑(特別是，較低分子量的脂族醇，諸如異丙醇)存在下的反應。
也可能最初以同樣方式使矽烷改質之環氧化物與二烷胺(諸如二甲胺)反應且然後藉由與氯乙酸鈉在極性溶劑(諸如異丙醇)存在下之反應將所得產物轉化成甜菜鹼。
類似的合成方法描述於美國專利第6489498號，其以引用方式併入本文。
在一或多個具體實例中，該兩性離子界面活性劑可藉由一種包含下列步驟之方法製備：(a)利用加成反應在矽氫化觸媒存在下使環氧化物與以下通式之矽烷反應
以形成具有環氧化物環的矽烷改質之環氧化物；及(b)使該矽烷改質之環氧化物與以下通式之化合物反應
以形成以下通式之甜菜鹼
其中R1、R2和R3各自獨立地為支鏈或直鏈C2至C20烴基，R7衍生自環氧化物且為具有約4至約20個碳原子之二價烴基並隨意地包括側羥基，和隨意地包括醚氧，及R4和R5各自獨立地選自具有1至約6個碳原子之烷基。
該矽烷界面活性劑在溫度和壓力之標準條件下可為液體或固體。在一或多個具體實例中，該矽烷界面活性劑在溫度和壓力之標準條件下為蠟狀固體。
在一或多個具體實例中，該矽烷界面活性劑為聚烷氧基矽烷界面活性劑，且可描述為含有至少一個矽烷基及至少一個聚環氧烷鏈之分子。至少一個矽烷基可描述為包括直接鍵結於氫原子或碳原子之矽原子的部分。聚環氧烷鏈可包括環氧乙烷單元、環氧丙烷單元、或其混合物。在一或多個具體實例中，該矽烷界面活性劑因此可稱為聚乙氧基化(PEG)及/或聚丙氧基化(PPG)矽烷界面活性劑，即聚烷氧基矽烷界面活性劑。
在一或多個具體實例中，該聚烷氧基矽烷界面活性劑可包括每分子的界面活性劑從1至約100單元的聚環氧烷，在其他具體實例中，每分子的界面活性劑從約5至約90單元的聚環氧烷，在其他具體實例中，每分子的界面活性劑從約10至約80單元的聚環氧烷，及在其他具體實例中，每分子的界面活性劑從約20至約60單元的
聚環氧烷，及在其他具體實例中。
烷氧基化矽烷界面活性劑的例子包括該等國際化妝品成分命名(International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients)(INCI)命名為雙-peg-18甲醚二甲基矽烷者。
在一或多個具體實例中，該矽烷界面活性劑之分子量分布(Mw/Mn)為小於約2.4，在其他具體實例中小於約2.2，在其他具體實例中小於約2.0，在其他具體實例中，小於約1.8。分子量及分子量分布可以習知技術測量，包括凝膠滲透層析法(GPC)。
在一或多個具體實例中，該矽烷界面活性劑之熔點為從約29至約35℃。
如該技藝中已知的，根據固體和液體之間或液體之間的接觸角，可以計算出固體材料的表面能值。表面能經常被描述為由二個分量組成-色散分量(dispersive component)和極性分量，其中該色散分量理論上導致表面施加液體能夠具有之凡得瓦和其他非位置特異性相互作用，而極性分量(polar component)理論上導致表面施加液體能夠具有之偶極-偶極、偶極-誘導偶極、氫鍵、和其他位置特異性相互作用。
用於測量表面能之Fowkes法係進一步描述於Fowkes,F.M.,"Industrial and Engineering Chemistry," 56,12,40(1964)中。通常，將要測量的樣品熔化，倒在平坦基片上，再固化，以產生平坦表面。將水和二碘甲烷的
液滴放置在平坦表面上，並在很短的時間內測量接觸角，以使液滴擴散至特徵接觸角但尚未顯著地滲入樣品。該角度可用例如Kruss掉落形狀分析系統DSA 100測量。從水和二碘甲烷的接觸角測量，及使用Fowkes理論，可計算表面能，包括整個表面積、極性分量、和色散分量。根據這些數據可計算出由於表面極性的總表面能之百分比。
在一或多個具體實例中，該矽烷界面活性劑之表面能，當根據Fowkes法於22℃下測量時為小於約23達因/cm，在其他具體實例中，小於約22.5達因/cm。在一或多個具體實例中，該矽烷界面活性劑之表面能，當根據Fowkes法於22℃下測量時為從約21至約23達因/cm。
在一或多個具體實例中，該表面能的極性分量在約22℃下為小於約2.5達因/cm，在其他具體實例中，小於約2.2達因/cm。在一或多個具體實例中，該極性分量為從約1.7至約2.2達因/cm。
在一或多個具體實例中，該由於在約22℃的表面極性之表面能量的百分比為小於約10%，在其他具體實例中，小於約9.5%，在其他具體實例中，小於約9%。
在一或多個具體實例中，該矽烷界面活性劑之表面能，當根據Fowkes法於約40℃下測量時為小於約21達因/cm，在其他具體實例中，小於約20.8達因/cm。在一或多個具體實例中，該矽烷界面活性劑之表面能，當根據Fowkes法於40℃測量時為從約20至約21達因
/cm。
在一或多個具體實例中，該表面能的極性分量在約40℃為小於約1.5達因/cm，在其他具體實例中，小於約1.4達因/cm。在一或多個具體實例中，該極性分量為從約1.0至約1.5達因/cm。
在一或多個具體實例中，該由於在約40℃的表面極性之表面能量的百分比為小於約7%，在其他具體實例中，小於約6.5%。
在一或多個具體實例中，該矽烷的存在量以醇類組成物之總重量為基準計為從約0.001至約20wt.%，在其他具體實例中，從約0.005至約15wt.%，在其他具體實例中，從約0.01至約10wt.%。在其他具體實例中，該矽烷的存在量以醇類組成物總重量為基準計為從約0.05至約4wt.%。可以預想到較高的量也可能有效產生泡沫。所有該等重量，當彼等涉及本說明書整個中的矽烷和其他成分，係以活性物質的含量為基準計，且因此不包括可包括在市售原料中之載體或副產物，除非另有規定。
在一或多個具體實例中，將矽烷直接加至該醇類組成物。在一具體實例中，將矽烷加至醇，或加至醇/水混合物，並攪拌，直到獲得均勻混合物。在一具體實例中，將矽烷加至醇，或加至醇/水混合物，且將混合物加熱，並攪拌，直到獲得均勻混合物。在其他具體實例中，其中該矽烷在溫度和壓力之標準條件下為固體，可在
混合之前將該矽烷加熱至大於溶點之溫度。
在其他具體實例中，將矽烷以溶液或乳液加至該醇類組成物。換言之，該矽烷可與載體預混合以形成矽烷溶液或乳液，其先決條件為該載體不會有害影響該醇類組成物的抗微生物性或發泡性質。載體的例子包括水、醇、二醇類(諸如丙二醇、乙二醇及丁二醇)、酮類、直鏈及/或環狀烴類、三酸甘油酯類、碳酸酯類、聚矽氧類、烯類、酯類諸如乙酸酯類、苯甲酸酯類、脂肪酯類、甘油酯類、醚類、醯胺類、聚乙二醇類與PEG/PPG共聚物、無機鹽溶液諸如鹽水，及其混合物。應暸解，當預混合該矽烷以形成矽烷溶液或乳液時，可選擇加至該醇類組成物之溶液或乳液的量以使矽烷之量在前述範圍內。
在一或多個具體實例中，該醇類組成物可另外包括一或多種另外發泡界面活性劑，諸如彼等美國專利申請案公開第2007/0148101 A1和2008/0207767(其二者特此以引用方式納入)中所述者。
在一或多個具體實例中，該醇類組成物另外包括矽氧烷聚合物界面活性劑。矽氧烷聚合物界面活性劑包括有機聚矽氧烷聚二甲基矽氧烷多元醇(organopolysiloxane dimethicone polyol)、聚矽氧甲醇流體、聚矽氧聚醚、烷基甲基矽氧烷、胺基封端聚二甲基矽氧烷(amodimethicones)、三矽氧烷乙氧基化物、聚二甲基矽氧烷醇(dimethiconols)、四級化聚矽氧界面活性劑、聚矽氧、聚矽氧交聯聚合物及聚矽氧蠟。
矽氧烷聚合物界面活性劑的例子包括聚二甲基矽氧烷(dimethicone)PEG-7十一烯酸酯、PEG-10聚二甲基矽氧烷、PEG-8聚二甲基矽氧烷、PEG-12聚二甲基矽氧烷、全氟壬基乙基羧基癸醛PEG 10、PEG-20/PPG-23聚二甲基矽氧烷、PEG-11甲基醚聚二甲基矽氧烷、雙-PEG/PPG-20/20聚二甲基矽氧烷、聚矽氧季胺鹽(silicone quat)、PEG-9聚二甲基矽氧烷、PPG-12聚二甲基矽氧烷、氟PEG-8聚二甲基矽氧烷、PEG 23/PPG 6聚二甲基矽氧烷、PEG 20/PPG 23聚二甲基矽氧烷、PEG 17聚二甲基矽氧烷、PEG5/PPG3聚甲基聚矽氧烷(methicone)、雙PEG20聚二甲基矽氧烷、PEG/PPG20/15聚二甲基矽氧烷共聚多元醇及磺酸基琥珀酸酯摻合物、PEG-8聚二甲基矽氧烷\二聚物酸摻合物、PEG-8聚二甲基矽氧烷\脂肪酸摻合物、PEG-8聚二甲基矽氧烷\冷壓植物油\聚季銨摻合物、無規嵌段聚合物及其混合物。
在一具體實例中，該矽氧烷聚合物界面活性劑包括可以下式表示之化合物R2-Si(CH3)2-[O-Si(CH3)2] a -[O-Si(CH3)R3] b -O-Si(CH3)2-R2其中R2和R3獨立地包括甲基或可以下式代表之基團或部分-(CH2)3-O-(CH2CH2O) c -[CH2CH(CH3)O] d -(CH2CH2O) e H其先決條件為R2和R3二者不為CH3，其中a係為從3至約21之整數，b係為從約1至約7之整數，c係為從約0至約40之整數，d係為從約0至約40之整數，且e係為
從約0至約40之整數，其先決條件為a3xb且c+d+e5。
在一或多個具體實例中，該醇類組成物包括以醇類組成物總重量為基準計至少約0.002wt.%的矽氧烷聚合物界面活性劑。在另一具體實例中，該醇類組成物包括以醇類組成物總重量為基準計至少約0.01wt.%的矽氧烷聚合物界面活性劑。在又一具體實例中，該醇類組成物包括以醇類組成物總重量為基準計至少約0.05wt.%的矽氧烷聚合物界面活性劑。
在一具體實例中，該矽氧烷聚合物界面活性劑的存在量以醇類組成物總重量為基準計為從約0.002至約4重量百分比。在另一具體實例中，該矽氧烷聚合物界面活性劑的存在量以醇類組成物總重量為基準計為從約0.01至約2重量百分比。所有該等涉及所列成分的重量皆以活性含量為基準，因此，不包括市售材料中可能包括之載劑或副產物，除非另有說明。
本發明之醇類組成物不一定需要存在矽氧烷聚合物界面活性劑或其他次要發泡界面活性劑之存在，且在某些具體實例中，該次要發泡界面活性劑在本發明之組成物中的量被限制。在一或多個具體實例中，該組成物包括以組成物之總重量為基準計小於約0.5wt.%的次要發泡界面活性劑，在其他具體實例中，小於約0.2wt.%的次要發泡界面活性劑，在其他具體實例中，小於0.1wt.%的次要發泡界面活性劑，在其他具體實例中，小於0.05wt.%
的次要發泡界面活性劑。在其他具體實例中，該組成物無另外發泡界面活性劑。
在某些具體實例中，本發明之醇類組成物隨意地包括至少一種發泡增強劑，其可稱為主要發泡增強劑。在一或多個具體實例中，當相較於沒有發泡增強劑之醇類組成物時，此等具體實例之醇類組成物改良泡沫安定性。"泡沫安定性"表示泡沫崩潰成液體需要的時間長度。
在這些或其他具體實例中，當相較於沒有發泡增強劑之醇類組成物時，此等具體實例之醇類組成物呈現改良之泡沫品質。"泡沫品質"表示泡沫氣泡的數量和大小。具有改良之泡沫品質的泡沫可以更多的較小氣泡為特徵，其有助於乳脂狀的緻密外觀。
在一或多個具體實例中，該主要發泡增強劑包括聚(環氧乙烷)聚合物、泊洛沙姆(poloxamer)、羥乙基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、或其組合。
在一或多個具體實例中，該主要發泡增強劑包括具有平均分子量在從約100,000至約10,000,000範圍，在其他具體實例中從約200,000至約4,000,000之聚(環氧乙烷)聚合物。在一或多個具體實例中，該主要發泡增強劑包括選自PEG-4至PEG-100之聚(環氧乙烷)聚合物。適合於用作發泡增強劑之商品聚(環氧乙烷)聚合物的例子包括POLYOXTM產品，可得自Dow Chemical，諸如WSR N-80、WSR N12K、WSR N60K和WSR-301。
在一或多個具體實例中，該組成物包括高達約10wt.%的主要發泡增強劑。在一或多個具體實例中，該組成物包括從0至約10wt.%，在其他具體實例中，從約0.001至約8wt.%，在其他具體實例中，從約0.01%至約5%，在其他具體實例中，從約0.01%至約1%。
可隨意地包括在本發明之組成物中的次要發泡增強劑包括羥丙基瓜爾膠、鯨蠟基羥乙基纖維素、乙基羥乙基纖維素、聚甘油、保麗沙明(polyoxamine)、聚丙烯醯胺、聚丙烯醯胺基甲基丙烷磺酸、聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯/順丁烯二酸異丙酯/順丁烯二酸共聚醇、聚甲基丙烯醯胺基丙基三甲基氯化銨、聚甲基丙烯醯胺基丙基甲基硫酸三甲基銨、聚甲基丙烯酸、聚乙烯基甲醚、丁基化聚乙烯基吡咯啶酮、羥丙基甲基纖維素；羥丙基纖維素；及正乙烯基內醯胺聚合物和共聚物。
在一或多個具體實例中，該次要發泡增強劑的存在量以醇類組成物總重量為基準計為從約0至約8wt.%。在一具體實例中，該發泡增強劑的存在量以醇類組成物總重量為基準計為從約0.005至約4wt.%，在另一具體實例中，該發泡增強劑的存在量為從約0.005至約1wt.%，及在又一具體實例中，該發泡增強劑的存在量為從約0.01至約0.2wt.%。
在一具體實例中，將主要及/或次要發泡增強劑直接加至該醇類組成物。在一或多個其他具體實例中，該發泡增強劑可以溶液或乳液加至醇類組成物。換言之，
該發泡增強劑可與載體預混合以形成發泡增強劑溶液或乳液，其先決條件為該載體不會有害地影響該醇類組成物的發泡性質。載體的例子包括水、醇、二醇類(諸如丙二醇、乙二醇及丁二醇)、酮類、直鏈及/或環狀烴類、三酸甘油酯類、碳酸酯類、聚矽氧類、烯類、酯類(諸如乙酸酯類)、苯甲酸酯類、脂肪酯類、甘油酯類、醚類、醯胺類、聚乙二醇類與PEG/PPG共聚物、無機鹽溶液(諸如鹽水)、及其混合物。應暸解，當預混合發泡增強劑以形成發泡增強劑溶液或乳液時，選擇添加於該醇類組成物之溶液或乳液的數量以使發泡增強劑之數量在前述範圍內。
本發明之醇類組成物可另外包括廣泛範圍之隨意成分，其先決條件為彼等成分不會有害影響該醇類組成物之泡沬形成性質或泡沫之安定性。CTFA國際化妝品成分字典及手冊(The CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook),2006年第17版與2007年CTFA國際採購指南(CTFA International Buyer’s Guide)(二者以其全文引用方式納入本文中)描述常用於皮膚保養產業之各種非限制性化妝品與藥學成分，其係適用於本發明組成物中。成分之功能性種類的非限制例係描述於此等參考資料中。此等功能性種類的例子包括：磨料、抗痤瘡劑、抗結塊劑、抗氧化劑、黏合劑、生物添加劑、增積劑、螯合劑、化學添加劑；著色劑、化妝品收斂劑、化妝品殺生物劑、變性劑、藥物收斂劑、乳化劑、外
用止痛劑、成膜劑、香料組分、保濕劑、失透劑、增塑劑、防腐劑、推進劑、還原劑、皮膚漂白劑、皮膚調節劑(潤滑劑、保濕劑、雜項及封閉劑)、皮膚保護劑、溶劑、增泡劑、增溶物、溶解化劑、懸浮劑(非界面活性劑)、防曬劑、紫外線吸收劑、減黏劑與增黏劑(水性與非水性)。熟悉該項技術者所熟知的可使用於本文中之其他功能性材料的種類之例子包括溶解化劑、多價螯合劑與角質層分離劑、等等。在一具體實例中，該醇類組成物另外包含甘油。在一具體實例中，該醇類組成物另外包含一或多種C6-10烷二醇，諸如1,2-辛二醇。在一具體實例中，該醇類組成物另外包含甘油和一或多種C6-10烷二醇。
為了促進或改良泡沫品質與特性、為了改良最終調配物於揉搓及/或乾燥期間的觸感、為了提供該醇之持續或持久微生物作用、為了溶解其他成份，諸如香料或防曬劑，以及為了緩和刺激，醇類組成物中可包括助劑。助劑包括但不必限於磺酸基琥珀酸酯類、氧化胺類、PEG-80月桂酸山梨醇酯、PEG-150四硬脂酸季戊醇酯、聚葡萄糖苷類、醇醯胺類、山梨醇衍生物、脂肪醇乙氧基化物、四級銨化合物、醯胺基胺類、磺基甜菜鹼類、異硫磺酸酯類(isothionates)、肌胺酸酯類、甜菜鹼類、聚山梨醇酯類與脂肪醇聚乙二醇。
聚山梨醇酯類的例子包括聚山梨醇酯-20，其可稱為聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐單月桂酸酯；聚山梨醇酯-40，
其可稱為聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐單棕櫚酸酯；聚山梨醇酯-60，其可稱為聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐單硬脂酸酯；及聚山梨醇酯-80，其可稱為聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐單油酸酯。聚山梨醇酯類的其他例子包括聚山梨醇酯-21、聚山梨醇酯-61、聚山梨醇酯-65、聚山梨醇酯-81及聚山梨醇酯-85。
助劑之量並無特定限制，只要其不會有害影響醇類組成物之抗微生物性或形成泡沫性質或該泡沫的安定性即可。在某些具體實例中，一或多種助劑可以從約0至約2wt.%之量存在於可發泡之醇類組成物中，以醇類組成物總重量為基準計。在其他具體實例中，一或多種助劑可以從約0.1至約1wt.%之量存在於可發泡之醇類組成物，以醇類組成物總重量為基準計。
雖然推進劑可用以產生安定泡沫，但有利的是不需要推進劑。在某些具體實例中，推進劑之量以醇類組成物總重量為基準計小於約每百萬分之1000份重量份數。在一具體實例中，該醇類組成物實質上無推進劑，諸如烴推進劑。實質無推進劑意指推進劑在該醇類組成物中之量以醇類組成物總重量為基準計為小於約100份之重量每百萬分份數。在一具體實例中，該醇類組成物沒有烴推進劑。
在一具體實例中，醇為引入組成物中之唯一活性抗微生物成分，而且在此具體實例中，輔助抗微生物成分之量以醇類組成物總重量為基準計為少於約0.1wt.%。在其他具體實例中，該組成物除了醇之外，還包括
輔助抗微生物劑。輔助抗微生物劑的例子包括但不局限於三氯沙(triclosan)，亦己知為5-氯-2(2,4-二氯苯氧基)酚並以商品名IRGASAN®得自Ciba-Geigy Corporation；氯二甲酚(chloroxylenol)，亦己知為4-氯-3,5-二甲苯酚，以商品名NIPACIDE® MX或PX得自Nipa Laboratories,Inc.；海克替啶(hexetidine)，亦己知為5-胺基-1,3-雙(2-乙基己基)-5-甲基-六氫嘧啶；氯己定(chlorhexidine)鹽，包括氯己定(chlorhexidine)葡萄糖酸鹽與N,N"-雙(4-氯苯基)-3,12-二亞胺基-2,4,11,14-四氮雜十四烷二醯亞胺基醯胺之鹽類；2-溴-2-硝基丙烷-1；3-二醇，氯化烷基二甲基苄基銨；氯化鯨蠟吡啶；氯化烷基苄基二甲銨；碘；苯酚衍生物、銀化合物、雙胍類諸如聚六亞甲基雙脈鹽酸鹽(PHMB)，亦己知為聚胺丙基雙脈(PAPB)、酚衍生物、月桂精胺酸(LAE)、包括聚乙烯基吡咯啶酮-碘之普維酮碘(povidone-iodine)；對羥基苯甲酸酯；尿囊素及其衍生物，包括2,4-咪唑啶二酮與2,4-咪唑啶二酮之衍生物，以及二羥甲基-5,5-二甲基尿囊素(亦己知為DMDM尿囊素或葛來頓(glydant))；苯氧乙醇；1-(3-氯烯丙基)-3,5,6-三氮雜-1-偶氮鎓金剛烷氯化物之順式異構物，亦已知為四級銨鹽-15且以商品名為DOWCILTM 2000得自Dow化學公司；C6-10烷二醇、二唑啶脲；氯化苯銨松寧(benzethonium chloride)；氯化甲基苯銨松寧(methylbenzethonium chloride)及其混合物。當使用
時，輔助抗微生物劑之存在量以醇類組成物總重量為基準計為從約0.001至約4wt.%。在一或多個具體實例中，該輔助抗微生物劑之量以醇類組成物總重量為基準計為從約0.1至約1wt.%。
本發明之醇類組成物可隨意進一步包含廣泛範圍的局部藥物活性成分，其先決條件為彼等不會有害影響該醇類組成物的泡沫形成性質或該泡沫的安定性。局部藥物活性成分的例子包括水楊酸、乙醯基水楊酸、順式視黃酸、反式視黃酸、N-乙醯基-L-半胱胺酸、硫辛酸、壬二酸、植酸、溶血磷脂酸、四環素、異布洛芬(ibuprofen)、那普洛辛(naproxen)、乙醯胺苯酚、氫皮質酮、間苯二酚、苯氧乙醇、苯氧丙醇、苯氧異丙醇、2,4,4’-三氯-2’-羥基二苯基醚、3,4,4’-三氯二苯脲、吡羅克酮乙醇胺鹽(octopirox)、2-苯基苯并咪唑-5-磺酸、二羥丙酮、過氧化苯甲醯、2,4,4’-三氯-2-羥基二苯基醚、苯氧乙醇、苯氧丙醇、苯氧異丙醇、植酸、硫辛酸、溶血磷脂酸、苯噁洛芬(benoxaprofen)、氟比洛芬(flubiprofen)、非諾洛芬(fenoprofen)、芬布芬(fenbufen)、酮洛芬(ketoprofen)、吲哚洛芬(indoprofen)、吡洛芬(priprofen)、卡洛芬(carprofen)、奧沙普嗪(oxaprozin)、普拉洛芬(pranoprofen)、咪洛芬(miroprofen)、硫噁洛芬(tioxaprofen)、舒洛芬(suprofen)、阿明洛芬(alminoprofen)、噻洛芬酸(tiaprofenic acid)、氟洛芬
(fluprofen)、布氯酸(bucloxic acid)、苯卡因(benzocaine)、木卡因(lidocaine)、丁胍卡因(bupivacaine)、氯普洛卡因(chloroprocaine)、待布卡因(dibucaine)、依替卡因(etidocaine)、甲哌卡因(mepivacaine)、四卡因(tetracaine)、達克羅寧(dyclonine)、海克卡因(hexylcaine)、普羅卡因(procaine)、古柯鹼、克他明(ketamine)、普莫卡因(pramoxine)、酚、二羥丙酮、酪胺酸、乙基酪胺酸酯、磷-DOPA、β-內醯亞胺藥物、喹啉藥物、塞普沙辛(ciprofloxacin)、諾弗洒欣(norfloxacin)、紅黴素、阿米卡星(amikacin)、去氧羥四環素(doxycycline)、捲曲黴素(capreomycin)、氯己定(chlorhexidine)、氯四環素、氧四環素、克林達黴素(clindamycin)、乙胺丁醇(ethambutol)、六脒羥乙基磺酸酯、甲硝唑(metronidazole)、戊烷脒(pentamidine)、建它黴素(gentamicin)、康黴素(kanamycin)、林肯黴素(lineomycin)、美他環素(methacyclin)、六亞甲四胺、米諾環素(minocycine)、新黴素(neomycin)、奈替米星(netilmicin)、巴龍黴素(paromomycin)、鏈黴素、妥布黴素(tobramycin)、咪可納唑(miconazole)、鹽酸四環素、紅黴素、鋅紅黴素、伊托紅黴素(erythromycin estolate)、硬脂酸紅黴素、硫酸阿米卡星(amikacin)、鹽酸去氧土黴素(doxyclcyline hydrochloride)、硫酸捲曲黴素(capreomycin)、葡萄糖
酸氯己定(chlorhexidine)、鹽酸氯己定、鹽酸氯四環素、鹽酸氧四環素、鹽酸克林達黴素、鹽酸乙胺丁醇、鹽酸甲硝唑、鹽酸戊烷脒、硫酸建它黴素、硫酸康黴素、鹽酸林肯黴素、鹽酸美他環素、馬尿酸六亞甲四胺、苯乙醇酸六亞甲四胺、鹽酸米諾環素、硫酸新黴素(neomycin)、硫酸奈替米星、硫酸巴龍黴素、硫酸鏈黴素、硫酸妥布黴素、鹽酸咪可納唑、鹽酸金剛烷胺、硫酸金剛烷胺、吡羅克酮乙醇胺鹽(octopirox)、對氯間二甲苯酚、制黴菌素(nystatin)、妥奈泰(tolnaftate)、克氯黴唑(clotrimazole)、對甲氧基桂皮酸2-乙基己酯、甲氧基桂皮酸辛酯、對胺基苯甲酸酯、對胺基苯甲酸、2-苯基苯并咪唑-5-磺酸、奧克立林(octocrylene)、羥基苯甲酮(oxybenzone)、水楊酸3,3,5-三甲基環己醇酯(homomenthyl salicylate)、水楊酸辛酯、4,4’-甲氧基-三級丁基二苯甲醯甲烷、4-異丙基二苯甲醯甲烷、3-亞苄基樟腦、3-(4-甲基亞苄基)樟腦、二氧化鈦、二氧化矽、氧化鐵、2,4-二羥基二苯甲酮之4-N,N-(2-乙基己基)甲基胺基苯甲酸酯、具有4-羥基二苯甲醯甲烷之4-N,N-(2-乙基己基)甲基胺基苯甲酸酯、2-羥基-4-(2-羥乙氧基)二苯甲酮之4-N,N-(2-乙基己基)甲基胺基苯甲酸酯、4-(2-羥乙氧基)二苯甲醯甲烷之4-N,N-(2-乙基己基)-甲基胺基苯甲酸酯、四環素、異布洛芬(ibuprofen)、那普洛辛(naproxen)、乙醯胺苯酚、α-羥基酸諸如檸檬酸、乳酸、及乙醇酸、間苯二酚、3,4,4’-
三氯二苯脲、吡羅克酮乙醇胺鹽(octopirox)，上述之藥學可接受鹽類與混合物。在一具體實例中，該醇類組成物沒有藥物活性成分。
在一或多個具體實例中，該醇類組成物之其餘部分包括水或其他適當溶劑。在一或多個具體實例中，該醇類組成物之其餘部分包含非水溶劑，且可限制水量。在一具體實例中，該水量為小於醇類組成物之總重量的約20wt.%，在另一具體實例中，醇類組成物之總重量的小於約10wt.%，及又在一具體實例中，醇類組成物之總重量的小於約5wt.%。
該醇類組成物可藉由簡單混合成分即可製備。添加順序並無特定限制。在一具體實例中，該醇類組成物係藉由一種以緩慢至中等速度攪動將矽烷界面活性分劑散在醇中，隨意加水、然後添加其他隨意成分，並混合至該混合物均勻為止之方法製備。在一或多個具體實例中，該矽烷界面活性劑可在與醇混合之前加熱以液化界面活性劑。在一或多個具體實例中，可加熱該醇以促進矽烷界面活性劑之溶解。在某些具體實例中，可加熱及攪拌該混合物至獲得均勻溶液為止。在其他具體實例中，獲得均勻分散液或乳液。
本發明之一或多個具體實例提供一種形成非氣溶膠醇類泡沫之方法，該方法包含組合C1-4醇或二種或更多C1-9醇類之混合物，一或多種矽烷界面活性劑，隨意地一或多種發泡增強劑，及隨意地其他成分，以形成可
發泡之醇類組成物；在混合室中混合該醇類組成物及空氣或另一氣體以形成一種混合物；及將該混合物通過網篩，其中該可發泡之醇類組成物包含以醇類組成物總重量為基準計之至少約40重量百分比醇。有利地，本發明之一或多個具體實例與空氣混合形成泡沫。不需要推進劑或加壓分配器系統。
本發明可發泡之組成物可用於任何類型之可用於泡沫產品的分配器中。有利地，雖然該可發泡之組成物可隨意地藉由將該組成物煙霧化而發泡，但就發泡而言，不一定需要煙霧化產物。可使用任何能夠混合該可發泡之醇類組成物與空氣或另一氣體的分配器。可用以形成泡沫之其他氣體包括二氧化碳、氮、氬、氙、氪、氦、氖與氡。在一或多個具體實例中，該醇類組成物係用於使用發泡泵的分配器，其在低壓條件下混合空氣或另一氣體與該醇類組成物。在一具體實例中，該醇類組成物可在混合室中空氣或與另一氣體混合，並通過篩網以形成泡沫。在此與其他具體實例中，該組成物的黏度小於約100 mPas，在一具體實例中，小於約50 mPas，及在另一具體實例中小於約25 mPas，用Brookfield RV黏度計使用RV及/或LV主軸，在22℃ +/- 3℃下測量。
本發明之醇類組成物提供消毒功效，且可使用於廣泛的表面或基板上，包括生命和無生命的表面。在一或多個具體實例中，本發明提供可使用於皮膚、多孔和無孔表面上之抗微生物性組成物。
不偏離本發明範圍與精神的各種修改與改變對熟悉此技藝之人士而言將是顯而易見的。本發明當然不受本文中所述之例示性具體實例所限制。
Claims (17)
- 一種抗微生物性氫醇類組成物，其包含：至少約40重量百分比的C1-4醇或二或多種C1-9醇類之混合物，以醇類組成物總重量為基準計；及一或多種選自下列之矽烷界面活性劑：(1)兩性離子矽烷界面活性劑，(2)含有至少一個矽烷基和至少一個聚環氧烷鏈之聚烷氧基化矽烷界面活性劑，且其特徵在於具有小於約2.4之分子量分布。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該醇包含甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、異丙醇、丁醇、異丁醇、三級丁醇、或其混合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該兩性離子矽烷界面活性劑包括極性離子部分和非極性矽烷部分。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該兩性離子界面活性劑可以下式表示：
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該兩性離子界面活性劑可以下式表示
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該兩性離子矽烷界面活性劑係以下式表示
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該組成物另外包含至少一種發泡增強劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該矽烷界面活性劑為雙-PEG-18甲醚二甲基矽烷。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該組成物包含以醇類組成物總重量為基準計至少約50wt.%的C1-4 醇；及從約0.001至約10wt.%的一或多種矽烷界面活性劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該組成物包含從約0.001至約20wt.%的一或多種矽烷界面活性劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該矽烷界面活性劑之分子量分布(Mw/Mn)為小於約2.2。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該矽烷界面活性劑之分子量分布(Mw/Mn)為小於約2.0。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該矽烷界面活性劑之分子量分布(Mw/Mn)為小於約1.8。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該組成物包含主要發泡增強劑，其包括聚(環氧乙烷)聚合物、泊洛沙姆(poloxamer)、羥乙基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、或其組合。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該組成物包含以組成物之總重量為基準計從0至約10wt.%的主要發泡增強劑，其包括聚(環氧乙烷)聚合物、泊洛沙姆(poloxamer)、羥乙基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、或其組合。
- 一種製備兩性離子界面活性劑之方法，該方法包含下列步驟：利用加成反應在矽氫化觸媒存在下使環氧化物與以下通式之矽烷反應
- 如申請專利範圍第16項之方法，其中R1、R2和R3各自為正丁基。
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| EP (1) | EP2816899B1 (zh) |
| JP (2) | JP2015517978A (zh) |
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| BR (1) | BR112014020866A2 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2865119C (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX2014009720A (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW201348436A (zh) |
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- 2013-02-22 BR BR112014020866A patent/BR112014020866A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-02-22 EP EP13751589.6A patent/EP2816899B1/en active Active
- 2013-02-22 JP JP2014558865A patent/JP2015517978A/ja active Pending
- 2013-02-22 US US14/380,183 patent/US20150025156A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-02-22 WO PCT/US2013/027314 patent/WO2013126696A2/en active Application Filing
- 2013-02-22 AU AU2013222251A patent/AU2013222251B2/en active Active
- 2013-02-22 CN CN201380021845.2A patent/CN104684920A/zh active Pending
- 2013-02-22 MX MX2014009720A patent/MX2014009720A/es unknown
- 2013-02-23 TW TW102106398A patent/TW201348436A/zh unknown
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9725336B2 (en) | 2015-01-05 | 2017-08-08 | National Central University | Oil-water separation porous structure, method for manufacturing thereof and device containing thereof |
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| US10674722B2 (en) | 2020-06-09 |
| WO2013126696A3 (en) | 2015-03-12 |
| US20190069540A1 (en) | 2019-03-07 |
| EP2816899A4 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
| CA2865119C (en) | 2020-01-14 |
| AU2013222251B2 (en) | 2016-07-28 |
| AU2013222251A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
| US20200253198A1 (en) | 2020-08-13 |
| JP2015517978A (ja) | 2015-06-25 |
| EP2816899B1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
| CA2865119A1 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
| JP6654615B2 (ja) | 2020-02-26 |
| US11737457B2 (en) | 2023-08-29 |
| US20150025156A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
| MX2014009720A (es) | 2015-03-09 |
| BR112014020866A2 (pt) | 2019-09-24 |
| EP2816899A2 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
| JP2018090588A (ja) | 2018-06-14 |
| WO2013126696A2 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
| CN104684920A (zh) | 2015-06-03 |
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