TW201217805A - Testing apparatus for photovoltaic cells - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention allows simultaneous measurement of current and voltage produced by a PV cell by removably pressing first and second parallel spaced apart closely adjacent sensing conductors, electrically insulated from each other, onto a current carrying conductor on a front side of the PV cell to make electrical contact therewith, while removably pressing at least one reference contact to a reference conductor on the rear side of the PV cell to make electrical contact therewith. Current is conducted from the current carrying conductor on the front side, through the first sensing conductor to current measuring circuitry and through the at least one reference contact back to the rear side reference conductor. Voltage is sensed at the second sensing conductor relative to the rear side reference conductor, using voltage measuring circuitry.

Description

201217805 VI. INSTRUCTIONS: L CHECK CURRENT T-Sleeve collar j FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to the determination of the electrical characteristics of photovoltaic (pv) batteries, and more particularly to simultaneously measuring the current and voltage output of a PV cell. Test equipment, methods and devices. [Certificate] Description of Related Art Under the illumination of light, the photovoltaic (PV) battery generates electricity, which is collected from the battery by electrical contact before and after. The front contact typically includes a plurality of narrow screen printed lines called fingers, all of which are connected to each other by two wider screen printing lines called "bus bars". The finger collects current from the PV cell itself, and the bus receives current from the finger and transfers it away from the battery. Typically, each screen printed finger has a width between 9 〇 and 12 〇 microns and a south degree between 10 and 30 microns. Fingers are typically about 15 to 3 mm apart. Each screen printed busbar has a width between 2 and 3 mm, a height between 15 and 30 microns, and an adjacent busbar spacing typically between 35 and 70 mm. The rear side electrical contact normally covers the entire rear surface of the PV cell and, except for some small areas including a silver-containing screen printing paste to form a so-called "silver pad", the other parts are screen printed metal materials ( Manufactured such as aluminum paste. The area covered by aluminum promotes the collection of current from the back side of the PV cell and sends it to the silver pad that is the rear side of the PV cell or the reference terminal. When manufacturing conventional PV modules, the manufacturer relies on soldering tinned copper ribbon 201217805 to the busbar on the front end of a battery and soldering to the silver pad on the back of the adjacent battery. Orderly connected to each other. The maximum power that a PV cell can produce varies depending on the internal characteristics of the battery and the external load. If all PV cells in the module have similar electrical characteristics, the maximum efficiency of the pv module can be achieved. Therefore, at the time of manufacture, pV batteries must be tested to determine their electrical characteristics. This is done to speed up the classification to confirm that PV cells with common electrical characteristics are used in the module to achieve maximum module efficiency. The test equipment used for this purpose performs accurate simultaneous measurements of current (I) and voltage (v) under various external electrical loads of standard illumination. Several companies manufacture such equipment, including, for example, Berger Lichttechnik GmbH & Co. KG > Isarstrasse 2 D-82065, Baierbrunn, Germany, Tel.: +49(0)89 /79355266, Email: info@bergerlichttechnik.de; BELVAL SA Sous-la-Roche, PO Box 5 CH-2042 Valangin, Switzerland, Tel. : +41328572393, Fax : +4132857229520, Email : info@belval.com ; and HALM Elektronik GmbH Sandweg 30-32 D-60316, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Tel. : +49 069-943353.0. Conventional test pieces include several components including a pulsed or continuous light source for simulating sunlight, an electrical contact measurement unit, and an electronic processing unit. The purpose of the electrical contact measurement unit is to provide reliable low-resistance electrical contact with the busbar on the front side of the PV cell under test and the silver pad on the back side of the PV cell under test to collect and measure current and voltage values from the PV cell. As a function of the external load. The electronic processing unit performs a comprehensive sweep of various external electrical loads and determines the I and V values for various external load values. These I and V values are plotted to give the PV cell key characteristics (including but not limited to, short circuit current (Isc), open circuit voltage (V〇c), fill factor (FF), maximum power point (Pmax), maximum power point. A plot of current (Imax), voltage at maximum power point (Vmax), shunt resistance (Rsh), and series resistance (rs) to be determined. The measurement correctness of all of the above values is extremely important for classifying PV cells into a certain power or efficiency rating. The correctness of these measurements varies depending on the quality of the contact between the measurement unit and the PV cell under test, the current conductivity and the voltage collection terminal, and the circuit used to perform simultaneous I and V measurements during the pV battery test. different. Modern crystalline germanium PV cells typically produce high short circuit current values of up to about 9 A at relatively low open circuit voltages (Voc) between about 600 mV and about 720 mV (4). Accurate measurement at such high currents and at the same time (especially voltage values up to a few millivolts) is not a simple matter. The Pvt Zoufen PV battery unit consists of two or three (four) contacts to be tested for the solid gold secret (usually brass) of the front and back sides of the battery. The width of the screen printed busbar on the PV cell is not more than about 2 mm in the shape of the cell, so as to avoid unnecessary smearing of the p V electro-optic area during the crucible. & money (4) often has more current = away: gold-plated measurement tip pairs, each pair includes a voltage measurement tip for measuring the " and for measuring the I voltage. Including the jacket "= two distances, for example, about __. The sound force between the various items; the bomb: two circular contact heads and the outer casing and the contact spring. The round f f has a sharp edge and 201217805 and is plated with gold In order to minimize the contact resistance with the PV cell under test. When the metal plating is mechanically pressed towards the surface of the PV cell, the sharp edge of the contact head is firmly pressed against the busbar, while a similar configuration reference The contact head contacts the silver pad on the back side of the PV cell, thereby reducing the risk of PV cell rupture due to sufficient pressure offset. In general, the head applies equal pressure to the opposite side of the PV cell. The PV cells are exposed to PV light and the current is collected by screen printed fingers from the front side of the PV cells and received at the busbars. The current is then collected from the busbars by pairs of current measuring tips and finally sent to and measured with current. The front side solid metal plating of the circuit system connection. At the same time, the voltage measurement tip is connected to the voltage measurement circuit system independent of the current measurement circuit system. Reference contact head for current and electricity The position of the measuring head is in contact with the silver pad on the back side of the PV cell. The contact head is connected to the current and voltage measuring circuitry via the backside metal plating to complete the individual current and voltage measuring circuits including the PV cell. The low-resistance contact is provided by the contact busbar and the silver pad, and this low-resistance contact provides a reasonably accurate measurement of the current and voltage generated by the PV cell. The above-mentioned PV cell test equipment is now widely used in conventional screen printing. PV cell testing is industrial. However, the above-mentioned PV cell testing equipment has no use for the newer types of PV cells on the front side that have only isolated, 'web-printing fingers without busbars and no silver pads on the back side. The width of the screen-printed finger of this type of battery can be as low as, for example, 5 〇μπι. This type of pv battery has several advantages, including the reduction of the shadow of the front surface 201217805 due to the lack of the busbar, so compared to the busbar-containing Traditional PV cells make the type of PV cells more efficient in terms of quality. In addition, because of this new type of battery A silver pad is required on the back side of the PV cell, thus resulting in better back surface area (BSF) properties and increased short circuit current c) and open circuit voltage (Voc) of the pV battery. See, for example, PCT Application No. PCT/CA2003/001278. It is not feasible to use most of the measuring tips for conventional PV cells containing busbars to contact isolated screen-printed fingers on newer types of PV cells' because the diameter of the individual contact heads is normal. Greater than the finger width (down to 50μηι). Inevitably the 'sharp edge of the contact head will touch the battery surface and penetrate the front side of the battery' and thus damage the p-n contact below the surface. Smaller contact tip is also a problem Since it is practically impossible to maintain the precise shape, spacing and position of the fingers during screen printing, it is difficult for the contact head to correctly and repeatedly align the very narrow fingers on each PV cell to be tested. PV cells are typically sold in a number of dollars per watt output, so the manufacturer must know the total power output of any given ΡV battery to determine the price of the battery. The prior art for determining the total power output of conventional PV cells is well known 'for example, the PV cell test equipment described above, but due to the lack of bus bars on these batteries, existing test equipment cannot be used for testing in its current form. A new type of isolated finger PV battery. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2007/0068567 A1, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, the entire disclosure of the entire disclosure of 201217805 The current electricity is combined with the majority of the current collecting finger on the surface of the PV cell to promote the PV cell. The material is involved in pressing the long electric body onto the surface of the PVf cell to make the conductor elongated. The contact surface extends across the surface of the PV cell to create electrical contact with all of the rendezvous surfaces of the finger (or at least a portion of each finger, or both). Unexpectedly, this method is for money. And the correct measurement of the voltage value 'because, for example, the voltage of the test 4 including the test pack I also carrying the current generated by the battery, thus causing a voltage dip in such a component, and the voltage dip is Adding to the finger of the real electric MCKe_-01son et al., US Patent No. 6 〇 7, titled 'Package Adapters using surface mounts of elastomeric conductors, revealed for use in 盥 slave integrated circuits The corresponding line that extends out of the face box is a conductive synthetic rubber conductor that is electrically contacted. However, how can the 匕 be used to accurately measure current and voltage simultaneously from the irradiated PV cell with isolated fingers, The literature does not have any hints. Wi u Six brothers (), 741, ϋ 87 B2, title "voltage applied probe, use #. The method of measuring the electron source by the needle and the method of manufacturing the electron source using the sigma device are not a probe for applying a voltage to the line placed on the substrate. The probe comprises a conductive sheet, a resilient member and a clamping member. The conductive sheet comprises a mesh member in the mesh member of the linear member and a conductive material covering the mesh sheet, and the elastic member is elastically pressed against the conductive sheet. The clamping member is used to clamp the guiding piece of the liver guide and the elastic member together. Although this type of probe has been specifically tested for the effectiveness of MEMS devices by μ double a juice, this document does not imply that it can be used or adapted to accurately and simultaneously from irradiated PV cells containing isolated fingers. Measure current and voltage.

U.S. Patent No. 5,543,729 to Francois Henley, entitled "Testing Devices and Connectors for Liquid Crystal Display Substrates," discloses an electrical contact probe including a resilient member that is covered by a wire or mesh to provide Uniform electrical contact of the substrate. The elastic member can be compressed so that pressure can be applied to form a stronger contact without damaging the contact points on the substrate. This type of probe has been specifically designed to test the liquid crystal display base. Sb. But this document does not imply that it can be used or adapted to accurately measure current and voltage from an illuminated PV cell containing isolated fingers. None of the above devices and methods can be used for isolated fingers. The current and voltage generated by the PV cell under illumination provide simultaneous and accurate measurement. The present invention seeks to meet this need. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a charged conductor for the PV cell on the front side of the cell (ie, Simultaneous measurement of current and voltage generated at the finger), and removing or reducing the PV cell in the connection test to Testing the harmful effects of leakage caused by the wires of the device. In one embodiment, this can be achieved by removably pressing the first and second spatially parallel closely spaced sensing conductors that are electrically insulated from each other to the live conductor. Electrically contacting the live conductor while removably pressing at least one reference contact to a reference conductor on a rear side of the PV cell for electrical contact with the reference conductor. Current is conducted from the live conductor through the first Sense 201217805 Measure the conductor to the current measurement circuitry and pass back through at least one reference contact back to the backside reference conductor. The voltage measurement circuitry is used to sense the voltage at the second sense conductor relative to the backside reference conductor. The second sensing conductors are elongated, parallel and spatially separated but closely adjacent to each other so that they can simultaneously contact all of the spatially separated fingers on the pv battery, and this allows current to be collected directly from the finger while sensing at all The voltage at the finger, without the need for precise alignment of the sensing conductor to match the busbar. This method is suitable for testing before containing A new type of PV cell for the busbar, but can also be used for conventional PV cells that use busbars for current collection by pressing the first and second sensing conductors onto the busbar. The first and second sensing conductors can be mounted, for example. On the probe, in the case where the PV cell containing the busbar is to be tested, the first and second sensing conductors are spatially apart from each other by a busbar that they are intended to be pressed to ensure that when pressed The first and second sensing conductors simultaneously contact the same bus bar. The PV cell including the bus bar has at least two bus bars, so that two of the first and second sensing conductors are provided. The separate probes will be pressed against the individual busbars. Pressing the first and second sensing conductors onto the common busbar basically requires the same alignment accuracy as the probes used on conventional pv battery test pieces. For a newer PV cell having a busbar with only a finger on its surface, at least one single probe with first and second sensing conductors is pressed against the surface of the PV cell under test, making the first and second Sensing conductor completely And extending across the surface in contact with each and every finger. Once the measured current values are added together and the measured voltage values are averaged, if more than one probe is used for 10 201217805, the measurement accuracy will increase. However, it is desirable to keep the number of probes to a minimum to avoid excessive shadowing due to the presence of probes adjacent to the front surface of the pv cell during testing. The first and second sensing conductors can be elongated and have individual sensing surfaces. The first and second sensing conductors may be supported on the first elastic deformation support. The method can involve maintaining the first and second sensing conductors in tension on the first elastically deformable support. The method can involve causing the first and second sensing conductors to be pressed against the surface with the front side charging conductor such that the sensing surfaces of the first and second sensing conductors are substantially along the entire length of the sensing surface Surface contact with the front side live conductor. The first elastically deformable support is supported for slidable movement and independently urges the opposite end points of the first elastically deformable support toward the first common direction. The first elastic deformation support may be supported on the first common probe. The above method can also be used to contact the backside reference conductor by removably pressing the third and fourth spatially parallel closely spaced sensing conductors to the backside reference conductor. The backside reference conductor may be in a flat planar contact formed in the back surface of the PV cell and may extend across the entire back surface, or it may be one or more spatially separated silver pads formed on the back surface. When the back side reference conductor is a flat planar conductor, any of the above methods can be used to contact the back side reference conductor in a manner similar to the previous description of the front side, or to use the conventional 201217805 voltage and current probe. When the back side reference conductor comprises a spatially separated silver pad, it is desirable to use the above method to contact one or more such silver iridium. When a PV cell containing a backside silver pad is to be tested, the third and fourth sensing conductors are not spatially wider than the silver pad they are intended to press to ensure that when pressed against the third Both of the fourth sensing conductors are in contact with the same silver pad at the same time. Pressing the third and fourth sensing conductors onto the common silver pad essentially requires the same alignment accuracy as the probes used on conventional PV cell test pieces. The third and fourth sensing conductors may be elongated and may have individual sensing surfaces, and the second and fourth sensing conductors may be supported on the second elastically deformable branch member. The method may involve a second elasticity The third and fourth sensing conductors are maintained in a tensioned state on the deformation support. The method can involve causing the third and fourth sensing conductors to be pressed against the rear surface to contact the back side reference conductor such that the sensing surfaces of the third and fourth sensing conductors are substantially along the entire sensing surface The length contacts the back side surface. The first elastically deformable branch member of the shackle is slidably movable and independently urges the opposite ends of the second elastically deformable support toward the second common direction. The 6-fold method may involve supporting the second elastically deformable support on the second common probe. Removably pressing the at least one reference contact to the backside reference conductor, involving removably pressing the spatially separated current and voltage measurement tip 12 201217805 to the 4 rear reference conductor, the current measurement tip being coupled to The current sensor and the D-measurement tip are connected to the voltage measurement circuitry as described above. According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a probe device for simultaneously measuring current and voltage output of a photovoltaic battery, the pv battery having a front side surface of the side of the side of the electric conductor and having a rear side charging Referring to the rear side surface of the conductor, the device comprises: a first elastically deformable electrically insulating support member; and a space in the dense (four) space is the first and the third supported by the elastically deformable electrically insulating cutting member The two parallel sense conductors, = electrically insulated, are operatively pressed against the front side surface or the back side surface to contact the front side live conductor or the back side live reference conductor, respectively. The fifth device further includes first and second contacts electrically contacting the first and second sensing conductors respectively. The first and second contacts are configured to be respectively connected to the current and voltage measuring circuit to connect the first and the third Two parallel sense conductors to current and voltage measurement circuits. The first and second sensing conductors may be elongated and may have first and second sensing, J surfaces for contacting the front side surface and the front side charging conductor or the back side surface and the back side reference conductor. One . . The apparatus can include a first retaining member operatively configured to retain the first and second sensing conductors in a tensioned state on the first resilient support. ^ The edge-and second sensing surfaces have individual lengths, and the device can be used to cause the first and second sensing conductors to face the front side surface and the at least-front side charging conductor or the back side The surface and the back side strap 13 201217805 are electrically pressed such that the first and second sensing surfaces contact the front side surface or the back side surface along substantially their entire length. The apparatus can include first and second guides operatively configured to support the opposite ends of the first resiliently deformable support for sliding movement. The device can include a spring operatively configured to independently urge the opposite ends of the first elastically deformable support toward the first common direction. According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a measuring apparatus for simultaneously measuring current and voltage output of a photovoltaic (PV) battery, the PV cell having a front side surface with at least one front side charging conductor and a rear side charging The back side surface of the reference conductor. The device includes the probe device described above and includes a tool for removably pressing the first and second sensing conductors onto the front side surface and the at least one front side charging conductor to be associated with the front side surface and the at least A front side live conductor is in electrical contact to facilitate sensing of current and voltage at the at least one front side live conductor by the current and voltage measuring circuit. The device further includes at least one reference contact operatively configured to be removably pressed onto the rear side surface to contact the reference conductor in electrical contact with the reference conductor to facilitate at the at least one front side live conductor Sensing for current and voltage; and including a tool for conducting current from the at least one front side charging conductor through the first sensing conductor to the current measuring circuit and back through the at least one reference contact Reference conductor. The apparatus further includes means for connecting the second sensing conductor and the at least one reference to the voltage measuring circuit. The reference contact includes closely spaced adjacent sense conductors in the third and fourth spatially separated regions that are operatively configured to be pressed onto the reference conductor. 14 201217805 The apparatus can include a second resiliently deformable support for supporting the third and fourth sensing conductors. The third and fourth sensing conductors can be elongated and have individual sensing surfaces for contacting the backside surface and the reference conductor thereon. The apparatus can include a second retaining member operatively configured to retain the third and fourth sensing conductors in a tensioned condition on the second resiliently deformable support. The third and fourth sensing conductors have a sensing surface, and the device can include a tool for causing the third and fourth sensing conductors to be pressed against the rear side surface and the reference conductor such that the The sensing surfaces of the third and fourth sensing conductors are in contact with the backside surface along substantially their entire length. A second support member operatively configured to support the second resiliently deformable support member to be slidable. The second support member can have a tool for independently driving the opposite end points of the second elastically deformable support toward the second common direction. The reference contact can include a spatially separated voltage and current measurement tip coupled to the current and voltage measurement circuitry and operatively configured to be pressed against the reference conductor to contact the reference conductor. Other aspects and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a device for simultaneously measuring current 15 201217805 and voltage according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The pv is also a bottom view of the PV cell with silver enamel on the back side, which is tested for the device shown in Figure i. The battery can be a brief representative of the power curve of the photovoltaic battery, which is tested for the device shown in Figure 1. S is a side view of the probe device used in the measuring device shown in Fig. 1. The figure is a squint of a representative guide for the probe shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a squint fragment view of the first end of the probe shown in Fig. 4, as viewed from the side. Fig. 7 is a squint fragment view of the first end shown in Fig. 4 as viewed from below. Figure 8 is an end view of the probe shown in Figure 4. Figure 9 is a simplified representation of a circuit formed using the apparatus shown in Figure J. C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Referring to Figure 1, there is shown generally a measuring device for simultaneously measuring the current and voltage output of a pv battery 9. The PV cell 9 is provided with a front side surface 12 with at least one front side charging conductor. In this embodiment, it comprises a plurality of parallel spatially separated "fingers" 14 having a length that can extend almost across the entire PV cell 9 and a width of, for example, about 50 um. The distance is from about 1.0 to about 3.0 mm. 16 201217805 Referring to Figure 2, the PV cell is provided with a rear surface 16' with a back-side charged reference conductor. In this embodiment, it includes a flat surface formed of a screen printed aluminum paste 23. First, second, and third silver pads 18, 19, and 21 on the surface. The first, second, and third silver pads 18, 19, and 21 may have a width of, for example, about 45 mm, and are spaced apart from each other such that they are loaded from the load. The return current is distributed to the PV cells 9 approximately evenly, that is, each silver pad is distributed with about the same amount of current to the battery, assuming that the PV cells themselves uniformly distribute current to each place. To achieve this goal, the back side The pads 18, 19 and 21 are normally spatially uniform. Thus, where three silver pads 18, 19 and 21 are displayed, the back side silver pads are placed such that their desired positions are at a distance from each other. The length is about 14, and the probes closest to the first and second endpoints 15 and 17 of the PV cell 25 are each about V4 from the first and second endpoints to the length of the PV cell. The device 10 includes a majority of the front side probes. The pins 20, 22, 24, each probe comprising first and second parallel closely adjacent sensing conductors 26 and 28 electrically insulated from each other, such as being removably pressed against the front side surface 12 transverse to the finger Electrical contact with all fingers. The number of front side probes is the same as the number of rear side silver pads' and the device 10 is configured such that the PV cell 9 under test is placed on the device, such that the front side probe 20' 22 And 24 are aligned to contact the front side of the PV cell 9 directly above the rear side silver pads 18, 19 and 21. The device 10 also has at least one generally removably facing rear side reference conductor (in this embodiment Reference contact 5 pressed against the first, second and third silver pads 18, 19 and 21) In this embodiment, at least one reference contact includes a plurality of rear side probes 30' 32 ' 34 'each of the closely adjacent third and fourth sense conductors 36 and 38' having parallel distances operable to sense the conductors 17 201217805 The first, second and third silver pads 18, 19 and 21 are removable for pressing to make electrical contact therebetween. Current is passed from the front probe 20, 22, 24 via wire 40. A sense conductor 26 is conducted to current measurement circuitry 42 and then, via conductor 44 to at least one reference contact (i.e., third sense conductor 36) and then to silver pads 18, 19 and 2 The voltage measuring circuitry 46', with the wires 5() respectively depending on the second and fourth sensing conductors 28 and 38, senses a voltage at the second sensing conductor 28 with respect to the fourth sensing conductor 38. The first sensing conductor 26 on each of the front side probes 20, 22 and 24 functions to collect current from the fingers 14 on the PV cell 9 and serves as a temporary bus bar for this purpose. The collected current is delivered to current measurement circuitry 42 as conductor 4 and is routed back to silver pads i8, 19 and 21 with conductor 44 and third sense conductor 36 to produce a complete current measurement circuit, pv battery 9 is the A part of the complete current measurement circuit. The second sense conductor 28 and the fourth sense conductor 38 and the connected wires 48 and 50 serve as voltage probes for the voltage measurement circuitry 46 and measure the finger 14 relative to the first, second and third silver pads 18 , 19 and 21 voltages. Because the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 on each of the front side probes 20, 22, and 24 are parallel, spatially spaced, and closely adjacent, and because the third and fourth sensing conductors 36 and 38 are similarly configured On the rear side probes 30, 32 and 34, and because the first and second sensing conductors are electrically insulated and the third and fourth sensing conductors are electrically insulated, when the sensing conductors are directed at them When the surface is pressed, separate current and voltage measurement circuits are established while allowing current and voltage at substantially the same point in the PV cell 9 to be measured. This 18 201217805 l's the voltage between the point where the current sense is removed and the point at which the voltage is sensed because they are basically the same point. Therefore, the voltage measurement is correct with the f-flow &off' from ρν U 9 and thus the electrical characteristics of the battery ρ ν battery. For example, the pv battery 9 under test can determine the correct power curve shown in Figure 3, and this can be used to correctly determine the maximum power output of, for example, a PV cell. In order to measure the electrical characteristics of the above-mentioned PV cell 9 (i.e., the pv battery without the bus bar), it is necessary to measure the current and voltage under various load conditions when the PV cell 9 is irradiated with light. Light for this purpose can be provided by a light source such as shown at 59. The light source 59 was placed directly above the pv battery 9 in the test and the collimated light was projected onto the front side surface 12 of the PV cell 9 under test. To achieve the front and front side probes 20, 22, 24, 30, 32, 34 Relative to the PVf in the test; the placement of the pool 9, and the hiding of the pv button to receive the collimated light, in the illustrated embodiment, the pv battery 9 under test is held on a solid, fixed, smooth-insulated platform 6G. In this embodiment, the platform has first, second and third parallel, spatially separated elongated openings 62, 64 and 66 through which the rear probes 3, 32 and 34 can extend. The traversing 62, 64 and 66. The platform 60 can have one or more locators, such as, for example, a right angled wall portion 68 to position the PV cell 9 on the platform. The elongated openings 62, 64 and 66 are formed on the platform. 60, the position is such that the positions of the elongated openings and the distance between each other are just below the individual silver pads 18, 19 and 21, that is, they are apart from each other by about the length of the PV cell 9, thus making the first and third The distance between the elongated opening and the first and second end points of the pv battery is about Pv electricity 19 20121 7805% of the length of the pool. The rear side probes 30, 32 and 34 are firmly connected to the rear side frame 7〇, and the rear side frame is held in parallel relationship under the corresponding elongated openings 62, 64 and 66. Side probes. The rear side frame 70 is coupled to the rear side actuator 72, the rear side actuator 72 is operatively configured to move the rear side frame 7 and the rear side probes 3, 32 and 34 are coupled to the rear side frame. On the 70, the rear side actuator 72 linearly moves the rear side probes 30, 32 and 34 upwardly as indicated by the arrow 74, through the individual elongated openings 62, 64 and 66, sufficient to face the rear surface of the PV cell 9. The corresponding silver pads 18, 19 and 21 on the 16 press the third and fourth sensing conductors 36 and 38 on each of the rear side probes. The rear side actuator 72 is also operatively configured to cause the rear side frame after testing. 70 linearly moves vertically downwards to avoid interference with the battery in the test being replaced by a new battery to be tested. Replacement of the battery under test with a new battery to be tested can be carried out by, for example, a pick and place device of suitable configuration ( Finished, such as shown at 76. The pick and place device 76 can have, for example, a vacuum head 78' The ground configuration is selectively picked up and placed on the platform 60 by the PV cell 9 to be tested, and after the test, the PV cell is picked up from the platform and placed in a sorting box (not shown) or according to the test. The electrical characteristics of the completed PV cells are placed in other specified locations. The tested PV cells can be classified, for example, according to the maximum power output. The pick-and-place devices can be used to test the PV cells, for example between 13 and 16 watts. The output power is placed in the sorting box for each additional 0.25 watts. The other large box specifically collects PV cells that do not produce a predefined minimum power output, ie rejected PV cells. 20 201217805 The side plate pins 20, 22, 24 are firmly connected to the front side frame 8〇, and the front side frame 8 is held in parallel with the front side probes in parallel with the Pv battery under test. The rigid side probes 20, 22 and 24 are connected to the front side frame 8A such that they are spatially separated and positioned directly above the corresponding rear side probes 3, 32 and 34, respectively. The side frame 80 is then coupled to the front side actuator 82 that is operatively configured to move the front side frame 8〇, and the front side probes 20, 22 and 24 are coupled to the front side frame 8〇, and the side side actuators 8 2 are as indicated by arrows 8 4 The linearly downwardly moving front side probes 20, 22 and 24 are shown to be sufficient to "press the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 on each of the front side probes against the fingers on the front side surface 12 of the PV cell 9. The front side actuator 82 is also operatively configured to cause the front side frame 8 to move linearly vertically upward after testing to avoid interference with the battery in the test being replaced by a new battery to be tested. Referring to Figure 4, an example is shown. The probes (exemplified by the front side probes 2, 22 and 24 and the rear side probes 30, 32 and 34) are generally shown on the probe 1A, which includes a mounting support 102, in this embodiment, a mounting support 1〇2 includes, for example, an electrically insulating aluminum material having a planar deep anodization of one of the first and second ends 104 and 106. The first and second ends 1〇4 and 1〇6 have, for example, Firmly connecting the probe 100 to the individual sides of the opposite sides 112 and 114 of the front side frame 80 shown in FIG. The hole configuration 1〇8 and 11〇 are fixedly mounted on the front side frame. Inwardly adjacent to the mounting hole configuration 1〇8 and 丨10 and inward relative to the mounting hole configuration 108 and 110 Wherein the mounting support 1 2 has first and second bow guides 12 and 122 on the respective second ends 104 and 106. The first and second guide pins 120 and 122 are mounted from the support 1 The wide face 124 of the 〇 2 protrudes outward. 21 201217805 The third and fourth guide pins (not shown) are similarly viewed from the opposite side of the mounting cut-off (not shown) (not shown) The first and second guiding members 126 and 128 are placed on opposite ends of the mounting cutting member ι. Referring to Figure 5, a representative guide member 13' is generally shown, which includes a back portion 132 and a first portion. And a second parallel spaced side portion 136. The back portion 132 has a rectangular opening (10), and one of the guiding pins i2Q or 122 or one of the guiding tests on the opposite side of the mounting support can be incorporated into the opening 138 Referring back to Figure 4, the probe excitation further includes a movable mounting member 14A. The movable mounting member 140 is formed of a -# plane material and has a first Second end portions 142 and 144. Each of the first and second end portions (4) and (4) has a plurality of individual openings σ for receiving screws passing therethrough to secure individual end portions to individual guide members 126 and 128. Thus, the bow guides 126 and 128 are rigidly coupled to the moveable mount 14A by screws that pass through the movable womenswear piece and are mounted by the mounting support in the rectangular opening (138) of the guide. The upper guide pins (e.g., 120 and 122) are slidably coupled to the mounting support 1〇2. The movable dressing member 140 and the women's support member 1〇2 can thus be oriented parallel to the longitudinal axes of the guide members 126 and 128. The directions are slidably moved relative to each other, which direction will be a vertical direction, or a direction at right angles to the front side surface 12 of the battery 9 under test when the probe is in use. The mounting support 102 has first and second spring retainers 15A and 152, and the movable mounting member 140 has corresponding first and second spring retainers 154 and 156. The first spring 158 is held in position by the first spring retainers 15 and 15 and the second spring 160 is held in position by the second spring retainers 152 and 156 at 22 201217805. The first and second springs 158 and 160 have individual arms 162, 164, and 166 and 168' each arm has a respective end 170, Π2, 714, 176' which is corresponding to the spring retainer 150, 152, 154, The corresponding jacks 178, 180' 182 and 184 provided by 156 are received and held. The receptacles 178, 180, 182 and 184 have a complementary shape to the corresponding end portions 17, 172, 714, 176 that they are to hold. The first and second springs 158 and 160 are operated to urge the movable support away from the mounting support 102. Referring to Fig. 6, the movable mounting member 14 has a long edge 2〇〇 in which a notch 2〇2 extending over the entire length of the movable mounting member is formed. The recess 202 enables the intermediate mount 204 containing the tongue 206 to be coupled to the moveable mount 140 by inserting the tongue into the recess 202. The intermediate mount 2〇4 further includes an edge 208 having a longitudinally extending recess 210. Referring back to FIG. 4, the probe 1 further includes an elastically deformable electro-elastic support member 220, hereinafter referred to as an elastic support member, which supports the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 and the elastic support member. The first and second sensing conductor terminations 222 and 224 are further included at opposite ends of 220. Referring to Fig. 7, the elastic support member 220 is made of an anthrone rubber which is protected into a shape having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. Anthrone rubber is an electrical insulation compound grade, and a temperature-resistant fluorenone rubber made of an anthrone-collecting polymer can be constructed, for example, by Permatex Canada (Ontario, Canada). The material application 220 is injected into a suitably formed injection mold at a pressure of about 250 psi (not shown in FIG. 2 and vulcanized at a temperature of about 120 degrees Celsius for about 30 minutes to form the first edge of the elastic support elastic support 220. There is a tongue 22 that is received 23 201217805 in the recess 210 to retain the insulating support on the intermediate mount 204. The first and second sense conductor terminations 222 (and 224) also have individual tongues (only one of which is shown at 228 in FIG. 7), the tongue can be manipulated to be received in the recess 210 to the first and second sensing conductor terminations 222 (and 224) on the intermediate mounting member 204. Maintained in the position shown in Figure 4. The resilient support member 220 is thus retained on the intermediate mounting member 204 between the first and second sensing conductor end members 222 and 224 adjacent to the first and second Sensing the conductor terminations 222 and 224. Referring back to Figure 7, the resilient support member 220 has an outer edge relative to the edge of the tongue-containing member 226, and further the edges have first and second spatially spaced but closely adjacent Parallel longitudinally extending notches 230 and 232, and their isometric The length of the entire resilient support member 220. A portion of the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 are retained in the first and second recesses 230 and 232, respectively. Thus, the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 The closely spaced spatially separated relationship is supported by the resilient support member 220 and electrically insulated from each other. Referring back to Figure 4, the first and second sense conductors 26 and 28 contain sensing surfaces mo and 242 'sensing surface 24 It is these sensing surfaces that the 〇 and 242 have individual lengths that extend the length of the entire elastic support 22〇 and are pressed onto the front side surface (12) of the PV cell (9) to contact the fingers (14). And spatially separated, it is intended that the longitudinal centerlines of the first and second sensing conductors 2 6 and 28 are located within some of the wire widths of each other. In the case where the cross section of the sensing conductor is circular, The wire width can be defined, for example, as the average diameter of the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28. However, the 'first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 cross-sections are not necessarily round 24 201217805 shaped and may be, for example, rectangular. In this case, the wire width can be To sense the width of the conductor, or if desired, the widths of the first and second sensing conductors % and 28 can be relatively wide, and the distance between such conductors can be relatively small. Conductor cross-sectional shape, width The choice of spacing and spacing will vary greatly depending on the application. For example, 'The probe will be oriented in a certain direction when the probe 10 is used to measure the current and voltage of the PV cell with the busbar. The first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 are made parallel to the busbars they are intended to contact. For proper measurement, the wire width and spacing must be selected such that when the sensing surface is placed to contact the busbar, substantially the entire length The sensing surfaces 240, 242 of the first and second sensing conductors 26, 28 will contact the busbar of substantially the entire length. In this case, since the bus bar is only about 2 mm wide, the diameters and intervals of the first and second sensing conductors are about 0.7 mm, and 0.2 mm or less is also suitable.

However, in the case where the PV cell 9 under test has no bus bar with only the finger 14 on the front side surface 12, as shown in the embodiment, the probe and the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 are oriented with the finger. The orientation of 14 is perpendicular 'therefore there is no need to accurately align the sensing conductor with the finger. In this case, the diameters and spacing of the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 are not critical, but would be desirable to maintain the first and second sensing conductors in relatively close proximity to one another to avoid Measurement error due to a voltage dip in the segment of the finger 14 between the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28. Therefore, in this case, the spacing and diameter of the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 can be 0.2 mm and 0.7 mm, respectively, as they are used in a PV 25 201217805 battery having a busbar width of about 2 mm. same. It will be appreciated that it is advantageous to have the diameter and spacing of the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 on the probe 100 suitable for measuring the electrical characteristics of the PV cells of the busbar, as the same probe can also be used For measuring the electrical characteristics of PV cells without busbars. In the illustrated embodiment, the first and second sense conductors 26 and 28 have respective opposite end points, and only the first end points 250 and 252 are shown in FIG. The first sensing conductor termination member 22 has parallel spaced apart slits 254 and 256 that receive the first end points 250 and 252 of the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28, respectively. The first sensing conductor termination 222 (and the second sensing conductor termination 224 shown in FIG. 4) is fabricated from a ceramic material such as, for example, porcelain, alumina ceramic, chrome oxide ceramic or titanium ceramic to provide Extending the first and second sensing conductors of the first end 250 and 252 of the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 while maintaining the first and second sensing conductors of the second end 104 of the probe 100 Separate relationships in closely adjacent and parallel spaces. The first sensing conductor end piece 222 has a guide portion 260 and an anchor portion 262 disposed on opposite sides thereof, but are spatially separated to provide a space 264 therebetween. The first end 250 of the first sensing conductor 26 passes through the guide 260 to extend over the guide pin 266, through the space 264 and into the anchor 262 where it secures the first end 250 to the first sense The anchor 268 of the conductor termination 222 is tested to be covered. The second end (not shown) of the first sensing conductor 26 terminates in a similar manner into the same second sensing conductor termination (Fig. 4 224) as the first sensing conductor termination 222, thus, A sense conductor 26 is maintained in tension by the first and second 26 201217805 sensing conductor terminations 2 2 2 and 224 throughout its length. The first and second end points of the second sense conductor 28 terminate in the same manner to the same first and second sense conductor terminations 222 and 224 to ensure that the second sense conductor remains pulled throughout its length Tight state. The guide pin 266 and the anchor 268 are insulators that enable the same pin to guide and secure the individual first end points 250 and 252 of the first and second sense conductors 26 and 28. The same is true at the second sensing conductor termination 224. It will be apparent from the foregoing description that the first end 250 of the first sensing conductor 26 passes through the space 264 that exposes a portion of the first end 250, such that the first end has a first exposed portion 270. A similar space 272 is formed on the opposite side of the first sensing conductor termination 222, and a similar second exposed portion 274 of the first end 252 of the second sensing conductor 28 extends through this similar space 272. Referring to Fig. 8, as described above, the guide members 125 and 126 shown in Fig. 5 are securely connected to the movable mounting member 14'' on the opposite side thereof. As described above, the first and second guide pins 120 and 121 are received through corresponding rectangular openings 138 in the back portions (132) of the individual guides 125 and 126 to facilitate installation of the pivot member 102 toward and away from the movable mounting member 14. Move and move (moving up and down in the drawing). Springs (only one of which is shown at 158 in Fig. 8) drive the movable mount 140 and the mounting support 1〇2 apart from each other. The probe 100 further includes first and second pivot arms 280 and 282 that are towed to the individual guides 125 and 126 by pivotal inspections 284 and 286, respectively. In this embodiment, each of the pivot arms 280 and 282 has individual contact terminals 288 and 290 and connection terminals 292 and 294, respectively. Pivot arms 28 and 282, such as 27 201217805, are fabricated from copper containing corrosion resistant plating to facilitate direct connection of lead terminals 300 and 302 to connection terminals 292 and 294. Contact terminals 288 and 290 are generally S-shaped and include contact blocks 304 and 306 that are respectively secured thereto. Contact blocks 304 and 306 can be made, for example, of silver. The placement guides 125 and 126 and the cymbal arms 280 and 282 are operative such that the contact blocks 304 and 306 are operatively received in the spaces 264 and 272 (see FIG. 7) to interface with the first and second sensing conductors 26 and The respective exposed portions 270 and 272 of 28 (best seen in Fig. 7) are direct contacts, respectively. Springs (not shown) are used to urge pivot arms 280 and 282 to push contact blocks 304 and 306 into spaces 264 and 272 to cause contact blocks and individual exposed portions 270 of first and second sense conductors 26 and 28. And 272 are direct electrical contacts, respectively. Therefore, the first and second contact blocks 304 and 306 are in direct electrical contact with the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28, and the first and second connection terminals 292 and 294 are directly electrically connected to the contact block. . The first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 are made of 99% pure silver to prevent corrosion and resistance to wear during use. The first and second contact blocks 246 and 248 are made of the same material to avoid electrolysis with the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28. The connection terminals 292 and 294 of the pivot arms 280 and 282 are respectively connected to the lead terminals 300. And 302, which is used to connect the probes to current and voltage measurement circuitry 42 and 46. In another embodiment, the first and second contact blocks 246 and 248 can be removed and the contact terminals 288 and 290 can be permanently electrically connected to the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 by, for example, soldering. First endpoints 250 and 28 201217805 252. Alternatively, other methods of connecting the first and second sensing conductors, such as and to the wires connected to the current and voltage measuring circuitry 4 2 and 46, may be used. Such methods may include, for example, connecting to current and voltage. The wires of measurement circuitry 42 and 46 are directly connected to the first and second sense conductors % and the extended end (not shown). Although the above description relates to the front probe, the front side Zhen can The upside down probe is used upside down and connected to the rear side frame 7 to become the rear side probes as shown in Figs. 30' 32 and 34. In order to distinguish the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 on the probe for the front side, For the same conductor on the probe on the back side, when referring to the front side probe, the first and second conductors are referred to as the first and second conductors and are used as the same conductors on the probe of the back side probe This is referred to herein as the third and fourth sense conductors. Using the above naming convention, the schematic diagram of the type formed by using the probes described herein and by using the apparatus described herein is generally shown in section 9. In the 35〇 of the figure. For the sake of more clarity, the mechanical mechanism of the probe The configuration is exempted. The first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 on the front side probe (20) are shown to extend across the ρν battery 9 in contact with the finger 14 of the PV cell. All front side probes are identical, so only One is described. The first-inductive (four) body % is connected to the first arm 28〇 via the first post, and the connection end 292 of the first arm 28〇 is connected to the wire terminal. The wire 4〇 connects the wire terminal 3〇〇 To the current measuring circuit system a. Current measurement, the road system 42 is further connected to the return wire 44, the wire is connected to the wire connector 352, and the wire connector 352 is connected to the third arm 356 on the rear side probe (3〇). End point 3 54, which has a contact block 358 that contacts the third sense conductor 36 on the stylus. 29 201217805 Similarly, the 'first sense conductor 28 is connected to the arm 282 via the contact block 306, and The connection end 294 of the first arm 282 is connected to the wire terminal 3〇 2. The wire 48 connects the wire terminal 302 to the voltage measuring circuit system 46. The voltage measuring circuit system 46 is further connected to the return wire 5〇, and the return wire 5〇 is connected to Wire connector 360, wire connector 360 is connected to the third arm on the rear probe (3〇) End 362' of 364 and contact block 366 on the third arm is in contact with fourth sense conductor 38 on the rear probe. Figure 9 depicts only one front side probe and only one back side probe and test Electrical connection of the PV cell 9. The remaining front probes are identical to the electrical connections of the battery 9 under test, with the individual lead terminals (such as 300 and 302) on the front side probe and the displayed lead terminals 3 The corresponding contacts of 〇〇 and 3〇2 are connected in parallel. Similarly, the remaining rear probes have the same electrical connection to the pv battery, with the individual wire connectors on the rear side probes remaining (eg 352 and 360). The corresponding connectors of the displayed wire connectors 352 and 36 are connected in parallel. As can be understood from the above and reference to Figure 9, two separate circuits are set up to separate and simultaneously measure the voltage and current of the finger relative to the reference contact without any noticeable effects between them. For example, in a current measurement circuit, several amps of current flow through the circuit 'concomitant with voltage dips in various components of the various conductors and current sensing circuits. Since the current measuring device is only concerned with the measurement of the current, a simple low impedance shunt can be used as the test load to correctly measure the current from the pv battery 9. At the same time, since the voltage measuring circuit system 46 will have a high impedance', there will be almost no current flowing in the voltage measuring circuit. Therefore, the voltage measurements are not 30 201217805 dependent (ie, they are independent of the current from the PV cell 9), and the monthly b is for the correct voltage and current straightening of the finger 14 of the PV cell 9 To determine the electrical characteristics of the battery. Therefore, most ^^ batteries can be tested using common, consistent testing and independent of the connected circuitry and the non-party connected circuitry to determine the individual electrical characteristics of the Pv battery. This allows the individual electrical characteristics of the PV cell to be correctly determined and promotes a better, more accurate separation, which is in line with the battery to be clamped to the common PV module. Referring back to Figure 1, using the apparatus, as shown, the PV cell 9 to be tested is placed on the platform 6() by the pick and place device 76. The rear side is then actuated to actuate H72 and 82 to move up and down the PV cells 9 and the front side frames 7 and 80, respectively, until the 探针j probes 3〇, 32 and 34 extend through the elongated openings 62, 64 and 66 in the platform. And the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 on each front side probe face the finger 14 thief on the PV cell, and the third and the second detecting conductors on each of the rear side probes 30, 32 and 34 Na pressed against the individual silver pads 18, 19 and 21. This completes the current and electrical waste measurement circuit involving the current measurement circuitry 42 and the voltage measurement circuitry. Current measurement circuitry 42 detects the presence of the PV cells and communicates to initiate illumination. The 'PV cell 9' is then illuminated by the light source 59, and current is passed from the finger Η through the first-sensing conductor 26 to the current measuring circuitry 42 and through the third sensing conductor 36 back to the silver pads 18' 19 and 21 The electric current circuit line is enabled to measure the current generated by the PV cell. At the same time, the second and fourth sensing conductors & 3S are used as voltage probes, and the voltage measuring circuitry 46 can sense the voltage at the finger μ 31 201217805 relative to the silver pads 18, 19 and 21. When the PV cells are illuminated, the current measurement circuitry 42 provides various test loads to the PV cells 9 under test while simultaneously measuring the current and communicates with the voltage measurement circuitry 46 at the same time to obtain voltages for the respective test loads. Value. These voltage (v) and current (1) values are plotted as the IV diagram shown in Figure 3 and show the main characteristics of the PV cell 'including, but not limited to, short circuit current (Isc), open circuit voltage (Voc), Fill factor (FF), maximum power point (Pmax), current at maximum power point (Imax), voltage at maximum power point (Vmax), shunt resistance (Rsh), and series resistance (Rs) to be determined. The current measurement circuitry 42 then communicates with the light source 59 to turn off the light and then communicates with the pick and place device 76 to communicate the maximum power value of the representative PV cell 9 to the pick and place device. The pick and place device 76 determines the physical location of the storage bin associated with the measured maximum power value, then picks up the PV cell 9 from the platform 60 and places it in the determined storage bin. The pick and place device 76 then picks up another PV cell from a stack of pV batteries that are queued for testing and places it on the platform 6® for testing and sorting as described above. Referring to Fig. 4, it can be understood that the springs 158 and 160 on the opposite ends of the probe 100 function to "level up" the probe to the surface of the pv battery (9) to cause 帛 and 感 a sensing conductor. (26 and 28) are driven over the entire length of the (four) battery fingers (14) to ensure that the sensing surface 24〇: 2U & all the hand reductions of the front side surface 12 of the pVu. Or other used to " A method of raising the probe horizontally to the surface of the pv battery can also be used, including 32 201217805. For example, in addition to the magazines 158 and 16G, the support 1 () 2 and the movable mount 1 are used as the springs ( No (5)), or the springs 158 and 160 are replaced by a sleeve spring between the mounting support 102 and the movable mounting member 14G. The elastic support members on which the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 are held are (220) also helps to ensure that all fingers that traverse the front side surface 12 are in contact with the first and second sensing conductors (26 and 28), and that the probe 100 is placed in a repeatable level relative to the pv battery 9 to In the case of the front side surface 12, the springs 158 and 160 may not be necessary and may be removed. In this case The elasticity of the resilient slab member is used to ensure that the sensing surfaces S24 and M2 are in contact with the respective fingers. Typically, by placing the probe 100 on the front side surface 12 of the PV cell, at least the resilient support member 220 on each of the probes is resilient. Deformation, and arbitrarily causes the springs 158 and 160 on each probe to be compressed (if provided) to ensure that the first and second sensing conductors on each probe are in electrical contact with all of the fingers to facilitate current flow and The voltage measurement circuitry 42 and 46 sense voltage and current, and the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 on each of the front side probes 20, 22 and 24 are removably pressed onto the finger 14 of the PV cell 9. Similarly, the third and fourth sensing conductors % and 38 on each of the rear side probes 30, 32 and 34 are pressed against the corresponding silver pads 18, 19 and 21 to support the elasticity of the third and fourth sensing conductors. The support member (220) is deformed and deforms the first and second elastic crystals j 5 8 and 160 (if provided) to ensure that substantially all of the sensing surfaces 240 and 242 of the third and fourth sensing conductors are in contact with each other. Silver pad to ensure good contact between the two. In the method described above, the above device 10 can be used to correctly determine the electrical characteristics of the 33 201217805 pv battery without the bus bar and the silver pad on its rear surface. Alternatively, the device 10 can be adapted to measure the electrical properties of a certain PV cell. Characteristics 'This PV cell has no front side busbar, but is formed with a flat planar contact extending across the entire rear surface in the rear surface of the PV cell, rather than a spatially separated silver pad being formed on the back surface. In this case The flat planar conductor on the back surface serves as the reference conductor for the PV cell, and contacting the flat planar conductor anywhere is equivalent to contacting the reference conductor. Therefore, one or more of the above-described rear side probes 30, 32 and 34 can be used to contact such a reference conductor for this type of PV cell, or one or more of the conventional current and voltage measuring heads can be used. Probe. When measuring the electrical characteristics of a pv<^ cell with a flat planar reference conductor on the busbar and on the back side, it is desirable to measure q + by means of the components of the measuring device

The shielding of the front side surface 12 of the PV cell 9 is minimized, so it is desirable to minimize the number of A-side probes 20, 22 and 24 while in the first-sensing conductor 26 and the third sensing conductor 36. Sufficient current carrying capability is provided to carry the current generated by the PV cells in Test 1 away from the battery to a current measurement circuit of 42. At least one front side surface probe is required, and three probes are shown in the foregoing embodiments to illustrate how multiple probes can be used. In the case where a plurality of probes are used, it is desirable to spatially separate the front side probes 20' 2 2 and 2 4 such that they collect current from the finger 丨 4 of the pv battery 9 in a flat state. Each probe collects approximately the same number of electric axles assuming that the PV cells uniformly generate a current across their front side surface 12. — ° ° In general, this means that the front probes 20, 22 and 24 are equally spaced apart from each other. 34 201217805 Therefore, what is desired in the case of displaying three probes is to place the front side probes 20' 22 and 24 such that they are spaced apart from the adjacent probes by about 1% of the length of the pV battery 9 and The probes closest to the first and second endpoints 15 and 17 of the PV cell are spatially separated from the first and second endpoints by a percentage of the length of the pv battery, respectively. The number of rear side probes should correspond to the number of front side probes because the front side probes 20' 22, 24 are pressed against certain positions on the front side surface 12 of the PV cell 9 under test 'so that force is applied to the PV cells and this The force can be counteracted by having the rear side needles 30, 32 and 34 contact the rear surface 16 at certain locations on the rear surface that are in contact with the front side probes 2, 22 and 24 in contact with the front side surface 12 Just below the position. This reduces the risk of rupture of the PV cell 9 occurring as a result of the action of the front and/or rear side of the probe on the front and/or rear surfaces 12 and 16 of the battery. Alternatively, in the case where the PV cell has a flat planar conductor formed in its rear surface, the conventional probe using a plurality of pairs of linear currents and an electric measurement tip can be used instead of the rear side of the first diagram. It is electrically possible to replace the above-described rear side probe with a conventional probe, but in the case of using the conventional back side probe, it is desirable that they can be like the back side probe described in the above embodiment. The ground is aligned to balance the pressure exerted on the PV cells 9 by the front side probes 2G, 22 and 24. In still another embodiment, in order to test a PV^' having a flat planar backside reference conductor, there is a separate connection to the current and money measuring circuit system. The first and second pair of tilt currents and voltages of the first 4 and 4 6 The measuring tip is used as a >>> test contact' although it is necessary to keep the balance between the pressure of the front side of the battery and the pressure of the back side of the tip and the voltage on the back side of the tip. Damage to the pv battery from the pressure. In the case of most of the front side probes of the above type, the use of a single - may not be feasible in making the current and voltage measurement tips, because the pressure of each front side probe will not be affected by the PV battery. The corresponding probe on the back side is directly balanced. However, modifying the platform, such as by simply providing a single central opening to accommodate conventional probes containing conventional current and voltage tips, can overcome this mechanical problem. In any event, at least one reference contact is required to contact the backside reference conductor to complete the current and voltage measurement circuitry. By placing the PV cells in the test relative to the front and front probes 2, 22, 24, and 30, 32, 34 in the correct position, and arranging the front probes 2, 22, 24 to be parallel And aligning the individual busbars to cause the first and second sensing conductors 26 and 28 on the front side probe 20'22'24 to contact the busbar surface to which the individual probes are bonded, while causing the rear side probe 30, 32 and 34 are in contact with the individual silver pads of the PV cells, and the device 1 can also be used to properly determine the electrical characteristics of the PV cells (not shown) comprising the busbars on the front side surface and the silver pad on the backside surface. Ideally, on the back side of the PV cell in the test, the position of the silver enamel on the PV cell is positioned directly opposite the position of the front side busbar and corresponds to the position of the front side busbar. It will be appreciated from the foregoing description that the devices and probes described herein can be used to measure the electrical characteristics of various types of PV cells including PV cells without busbars on the front side surface or PVs with busbars. A battery 'and a PV cell with a silver pad or a PV cell with a flat planar reference conductor on the back side surface. Although a particular embodiment of the invention has been described and illustrated, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a device for simultaneously measuring current and voltage according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a bottom perspective view of a PV cell having a silver pad on the back side, the PV cell being operatively tested for the device shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 is a simplified representation of the power curve of a photovoltaic cell, which is operatively tested for the device shown in Figure 1. Fig. 4 is a side view of the probe device used in the measuring device shown in Fig. 1. Figure 5 is a perspective view of a representative guide for use on the probe shown in Figure 4. Figure 6 is a squint fragment view of the first end of the probe shown in Figure 4, viewed from the side. Fig. 7 is a squint fragment view of the first end portion shown in Fig. 4, as viewed from below. Figure 8 is an end view of the probe shown in Figure 4. Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of a circuit formed using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1. [Description of main component symbols] 9...PV battery 12...Front side surface 10...Measurement device 14...Finger 37 201217805 16.. Rear surface 15, 17...End point 18, 19, 21.··Silver Pad 23: Aluminum paste 20, 22, 24... Front side probe 26.28.. Sensing conductor 30, 32, 34... Back side probe 36, 38... Sensing conductor 40.44.48.50 .. . wire 42.. current measuring circuit system 44 · · wire 46.. voltage measuring circuit system 59.. light source 60.. . platform 62.64.66.. . elongated opening 68.. locator 70.. Rear side frame 72.. Rear side actuator 74... Arrow 76.. Picking and placing device 78.. Vacuum head 80.. Front side frame 82.. Front side actuator 84... Arrow 100.. . Probe 102.. Mounting support 104, 106...ends 108, 110... mounting hole configuration 112, 114... opposite sides 120, 121, 122... guide pin 124.. Wide face 125, 126, 128 ·. Guide 130.. Guide 132.. Back part 134.136.. Side part 138... Opening 140.. Movable mounting 142, 144... End 150, 152, 154, 156... magazine holders 158, 160... springs 162, 164, 166, 168... arms 170, 172, 174, 176... ends 178, 180,.182 , 184... Hole 200.. Long edge 202.. Notch 204.. Intermediate mounting piece 206.. Tongue piece 38 201217805 208.. Edge 210... Notch 220.. Elastic support 222, 224...Feel Measuring conductor end piece 226.228.. tongue 230, 232.. notch 240.242.. sensing surface 250, 252... end point 254.256.. slit 260 · · guiding part 262.. anchor 264.. .Space 266.. Guide bolt 268.. 4 Seed inspection 270, 274... Exposure 272.. Space 280, 282... Pivot arm 284, 286... Pivot bolt 288.290 .. . Contact Endpoint 292.294.. . Connection Endpoint 300, 302... Wire Terminal 304, 306... Contact Block 350.. Circuit Schematic 352.360.. Wire Connector 354, 362... End Point 356.364 .. .arm 358, 366...contact block 39

Claims (1)

201217805 VII. Patent application scope: 1. A method for simultaneously measuring current and voltage output of a photovoltaic (PV) battery, the PV battery having a front side surface with at least one front side charging conductor and a rear side charged reference conductor a rear surface, the method comprising: removably pressing the first and second spatially parallel closely spaced sensing conductors electrically isolated from each other to the front side charging conductor for electrical contact with the front side charging conductor; Removably pressing at least one reference contact to the back side reference conductor for electrical contact with the back side reference conductor; conducting current from the live conductor through the first sense conductor to the current measurement circuitry and through the at least Returning to the back side reference conductor with a reference contact; and sensing a voltage of the second sense conductor relative to the back side reference conductor using a voltage measurement circuitry. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second sensing guide systems are elongated and have individual sensing surfaces, and wherein the method further comprises supporting the first elastic deformation support First and second sensing conductors. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising maintaining the first and second sensing conductors in a tensioned state on the first elastically deformable support. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises causing the first and second sensing conductors to be pressed against a surface having the front side charging conductor such that the first and second sensing conductors The sensing surface is in contact with a surface having the front side of the electrically conductive conductor along substantially the entire length of the sensing surface. 40 201217805 5. If applying for the Weiwei 4th rhyme method, the towel (4) includes the branch, the first elastic deformation support is slidable movement, and independently urges the opposite end points of the first elastic deformation support toward the first - Common direction. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising the first elastically deformable support member on the first probe. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the method of removing, adhering to the reference to the back side reference conductor comprises removably knowing [the second and fourth spatially parallel separations (4) Adjacent sense conductors are routed to the backside reference conductor. 8. The method of clause 7 wherein the third and fourth sensing guide systems are elongated and have individual sensing surfaces, and wherein the method is further supported on the second elastic (four) support member The method of the third and fourth sensing guides, further comprising maintaining the third and fourth sensing conductors on the second elastic support member. The method of claim 8 or 9, further comprising: causing the third sense: the conductor is pressed against the rear surface to contact the back side, so that the sensing surfaces of the third and fourth sensing conductors are extended The back side surface is contacted along substantially the entire length of the sensing surface. U. The method of applying the special item («), wherein (10) includes a method in which the two elastic deformation support members are ribbed movements, and independently, the method of the eleventh item of the money, and the second elasticity Deformation support. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the at least one reference contact is removably pressed onto the back side reference conductor, including removably pressing the space A separate current and voltage measurement tip is coupled to the backside reference conductor, the current measurement tip being coupled to the current sensor and the voltage measurement tip being coupled to the voltage measurement circuitry. 14. A probe device for simultaneously measuring current and voltage output of a photovoltaic (PV) cell, the PV cell having a front side surface with at least one front side live conductor and a rear side surface with a back side powered reference conductor, The device comprises: a first elastically deformable electrically insulating support; the first and second parallel sensing conductors supported by the elastically deformable electrically insulating support in close spatial proximity relationship, electrically insulated from each other And operatively pressed against the front side surface or the rear side surface to respectively contact the front side charging conductor or the back side charging reference conductor; and the first and second parallel sensing conductors, operatively configured to They are respectively connected to the current and voltage measuring circuits such that the first and second parallel sensing conductors are respectively connected to the current and voltage measuring circuits. 15. The device of claim 14, wherein the first and second sensing guides are elongated and individually have first and second sensing surfaces for contacting the front side surface and the front side live conductor Or the back side surface and the back side reference conductor. 16. The device of claim 15 further comprising a first retaining member operatively configured to retain the first 42 201217805 and the second sensing conductor on the first elastically deformable support status. 17. The device of claim 15 or 16, wherein the first and second sensing surfaces have individual lengths, and wherein the device further comprises a tool for causing the first and second sensing The conductor is pressed against the front side surface and the at least one front side charging conductor or the rear side surface and the rear side charging reference conductor such that the first and second sensing surfaces contact the front side along substantially the entire length thereof Surface or the back side surface. 18. The device of claim 17, further comprising first and second guide members operatively configured to support the opposite end of the first resiliently deformable support member as a sliding movement. 19. The device of claim 18, further comprising a spring operatively configured to independently urge the opposite ends of the first elastically deformable support toward the first common direction. 20. A measuring device for simultaneously measuring current and voltage output of a photovoltaic (pv) battery, the PV cell having a front side surface with at least one front side charging conductor and a rear side surface with a rear (four) electrical reference conductor, The device includes: the device of any one of claims 14-19; and a tool for removably pressing the first and second sensing conductors to the front side table and the at least the front side The live conductor is in electrical contact with the front side surface and the at least one front side live conductor to facilitate sensing of current and voltage at the at least front side live conductor by the current and voltage measuring circuit; to; a reference contact, operation thereof The ground configuration is removably pressed to 43 201217805 on the rear side surface to contact the reference conductor in electrical contact with the reference conductor to facilitate sensing of current and voltage at the at least one front side charging conductor; a tool for conducting current from the at least one front side charging conductor through the first sensing conductor to the current measuring circuit and back through the at least one reference contact The reference conductor; and a tool for connecting the second sensing conductor, and contacting the at least one reference voltage to the measuring circuit. The device of claim 2, wherein the at least one reference contact comprises third and fourth spatially parallel closely spaced closely adjacent sense conductors operatively configured to be pressed to the reference conductor on. 22. The device of claim 21, further comprising a second elastically deformable support for supporting the third and fourth sensing conductors, and wherein the second and fourth sensing guides are elongated And having individual sensing surfaces for contacting the backside surface and the reference conductor thereon. 23. The device of claim 22, further comprising a second retaining member operatively configured to retain the third and fourth sensing conductors in tension on the second resiliently deformable support. The device of any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein the second and fourth sensing conductors have a sensing surface, and wherein the device further comprises a tool for causing the third and fourth The sensing conductor is pressed against the rear side surface and the reference conductor such that the sensing surfaces of the third and fourth sensing conductors are in contact with the back side surface along substantially their entire length. 0 44 201217805 25. The device of claim 24, further comprising: a second support member operatively configured to support the second elastic deformation support member to be slidable; and a tool for independently driving the second The opposite ends of the elastically deformable support face in a second common direction. 26. The device of claim 20, wherein the at least one reference contact comprises a spatially separated voltage and current measuring tip coupled to the current and voltage measuring circuitry and operatively configured to oppose the reference conductor Pressed to contact the reference conductor. 45