201018932 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種電源系統及應用此電源系統之檢 測方法，特別是指一種可確實檢測出故障所在的電源系統 及應用此電源系統之檢測方法。 【先前技術】 現今儲能元件廣泛運用於家電設備、手持式裝置（例 如.行動電話（Mobile Phone )、個人數位助理等）及交通 # 1具等產品’以滿足人們對獨立能源系統的需求。狭義的 儲能元件主要指電池，包含一次電池及二次電池產品；而 廣義的儲能元件則泛指所有具備儲能功能的元件，包括暫 時I1生儲能的電容及電感，還有一種介於電池與電容間的超 級電容（Super capacitor)也包括在内。 電容是以物理反應之電位能形式來儲能，在製作上較 為簡單，且具有充放電速度快、高功率密度的特性，但是 物理儲能的效果卻不佳（即儲能容量較小），故只能被當做 攀 短暫儲能使用。 一 a電池可分為一次電池及二次電池。一次電池僅能使用 人無法透過充電的方式再補充已被轉化掉的化學能。 而人電池主要是要是利用化學能的方式來進行能量儲存 ’因此其能量儲存黯將會明顯優於—般電容，而可應用 於各種電力供應裝置，但在此同時，其所能產生之瞬間電 出會又限於化學反應速率，因此無法快速的 充放電或 進行阿功率輸出，且在多次充放電後容量會下降甚至長 201018932 時間不使用，也會有容量下降問題。 超級電容是一種介於電池與電容間的元件，又稱雙電 層電容（EleCtrical Double-Layer Capacit〇r)，透過部分物理 儲能、部分化學難架構，其功率密度及能量密度介於電 池與電容間。但是，超級電容因具有化學材料而具化學特 性，而易有漏電現象，又加上因還有部份是物理特性之放 電速度快的現象，前述兩種因素下很快就會沒電且受限 於電解質的分解電壓（水系電解f lv、有機電解質約2 5V )’所以其耐電Μ低’再加上受到電極材料的成本影響超 級電容具有比其他電容、電池高的價格能量比。 習知儲能元件的技術，皆無法同時達到壽命長（高充 放電次數）、高能量儲存密度、瞬間高功率的輸出、快速充 放電等優點'且目前的二次電池及超級電容皆需要電解液 乂化學的方式储存電能，並無法在—般現今的半導體製程 下製造，因此—旦在封裝完成後，其儲存電能的容量較不 且周邊相關的電路在規劃上也較不彈性故習知 技術仍有改良精進之處。 了愈會二例如是需要大電能的交通工具，其儲能裝置為 二 目配置，往往都是串、並聯多個儲能元件使之形 -杜/式排列後才使用，但於測試此陣列式排列的儲能 I路者㈣採用方H職㈣電量者或者單—條串聯 太多而盔：錯誤而當測試出有電量錯誤時，冑因為數量 f將整個陳確切得知是那—顆儲能元件發生問題，因此只 能將整個陣列的儲能元件都換掉，導致使用上及成本上的 201018932 浪費。 【發明内容】 因此，本發明之目的，即在解決習知技術不能確切檢 測出哪-個儲能元件故障的缺失，且提供—種能實際檢測 出陣列中的哪-冊能元件故障的電源系、统及其檢測方法 ，因此僅需替換掉故障的儲能元件，而具有節省成本的效 益。 該電源系統，包含：201018932 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a power supply system and a detection method using the same, and particularly to a power supply system capable of detecting a fault and detecting the application of the power system method. [Prior Art] Today's energy storage components are widely used in home appliances, handheld devices (such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants, etc.) and transportation #1 products to meet people's needs for independent energy systems. The narrowly defined energy storage components mainly refer to batteries, including primary batteries and secondary battery products; while the generalized energy storage components generally refer to all components with energy storage functions, including temporary I1 energy storage capacitors and inductors, and a Super capacitors between the battery and the capacitor are also included. The capacitor is stored in the form of potential energy of the physical reaction. It is simple in fabrication and has the characteristics of fast charge and discharge speed and high power density, but the effect of physical energy storage is not good (ie, the energy storage capacity is small). Therefore, it can only be used as a short-term storage. A battery can be divided into primary battery and secondary battery. A primary battery can only be replenished with chemical energy that has not been converted by charging. The human battery is mainly used to store energy by means of chemical energy. Therefore, its energy storage 黯 will be significantly better than the general capacitance, but can be applied to various power supply devices, but at the same time, its instant can be generated. The electrical output is limited to the chemical reaction rate, so it is not possible to quickly charge and discharge or perform the power output, and the capacity will decrease after multiple times of charging and discharging, and even if the time is not used for 201018932, there will be a problem of capacity drop. The supercapacitor is a component between the battery and the capacitor. It is also called EleCtrical Double-Layer Capacit〇r. It passes through part of the physical energy storage and part of the chemically difficult structure. Its power density and energy density are between the battery and the capacitor. Between capacitors. However, supercapacitors have chemical properties due to their chemical properties, and are prone to leakage. In addition, due to the fact that some of them are physically characterized by a high discharge rate, the above two factors will soon be out of power and subject to It is limited to the decomposition voltage of the electrolyte (water-based electrolysis f lv, organic electrolyte is about 25 V), so its low power resistance is affected by the cost of the electrode material. The supercapacitor has a higher price-energy ratio than other capacitors and batteries. The technology of conventional energy storage components cannot simultaneously achieve the advantages of long life (high charge and discharge times), high energy storage density, instantaneous high power output, fast charge and discharge, etc. and current secondary batteries and super capacitors require electrolysis. Liquid helium chemically stores electrical energy and cannot be fabricated in the current semiconductor manufacturing process. Therefore, after the package is completed, the capacity of the stored electrical energy is less than that of the peripherally related circuits. There is still room for improvement in technology. The second meeting is, for example, a vehicle that requires a large amount of electric energy. The energy storage device is a two-mesh configuration, and is often used in series or in parallel with a plurality of energy storage elements to be used in a shape-dual arrangement, but the array is tested. Arranged energy storage I way (4) use the square H job (four) power or single-strip series too much helmet: wrong and when the test has a power error, 胄 because the number f will know the whole Chen is that There is a problem with the energy storage components, so only the energy storage components of the entire array can be replaced, resulting in a waste of 201018932 in terms of use and cost. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to solve the problem of which one of the energy storage elements is faulty and to provide a power source that can actually detect which of the array elements are faulty in the array. The system, the system and its detection method, so only need to replace the faulty energy storage components, and have cost-saving benefits. The power system includes:
多個並聯的儲能串，每一儲能串包括串聯的一測試開 關及多個儲能袭置； 每一儲能裝置具有一用以儲存電能的儲能單元、一與 該儲能單元串聯的工作開關及一與串聯的該儲能單元和該 工作開關並聯的隔離開關； 一偵測單7C，偵測每一儲能串，判斷出故障的儲能串， 且再備測出故障儲能串中哪__儲能裝置的儲能單元故阵；及 一控制單元，依據該偵測單元的測試階段不同，該控 制單元會據以分別控制該等測試開關、該等工作開關及 該等隔離開關，且使每一開關切換於導通狀態與非導通狀 態之間。 該檢測方法包含以下步驟： (A) 檢測每一儲能串是否故障； (B) 對有故障的儲能串，再逐一檢測該儲能串中的每一 儲能裝置是否故障》 本發明之功效在於即使在儲能單元數量極多的情況下 201018932 ，依然可以快速的偵測出故障的儲能單元，且只需替換故 障的該儲能單元’而不須單一條串聯組或者替換整個電源 系統，因此可大幅節省成本。 【實施方式】 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配合參考圖式之一個較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可 清楚的呈現。 如圊1所示，本實施例之電源系統包括：四個儲能串 1〜4、一福測單元5，及一控制單元6，該四個儲能串1〜4 分別是第一儲能串1、第二儲能串2、第三儲能串3及第四 儲能串4,且值得注意的是，該等儲能串卜4的數目僅為舉 例說明而不以4個為限。 每一儲能串1〜4包括多個儲能裝置u〜14 (該等儲能裝 置11〜14的數目僅為舉例說明而不以4個為限），因此四個 儲能串1〜4中的儲能裝置u〜u實質上形成一陣列排列。 而每一儲能裝置11〜14中具有一儲能單元U1 (如圖6所示 )，且在本實施例中，該儲能單元1U為一種具有至少一個 磁性電容之磁性電容單元。因為磁性電容是—種新賴的儲 能7C件，且較習知的電池、電容、超級電容具有許多優點 ’因此以下先對磁性電容單元作一介紹，之後再詳述如何 進行檢測。 磁性電容覃无今^ 該磁性電容單兀可以是單—個磁性電容或是由複 性電容以串聯、並聯或混合串並聯方式組成的一磁性電容 201018932 ^本實施例應用之磁性電容是—種以㈣導體為 在-定的磁場作用下透過物理儲能方式實現高密度、 量儲存電能的儲能元件。且磁性電容具有輪出電流大、體 積小、重量輕、超長使用壽命、充放電能力佳以及沒有充 電記憶效應等特性，因此拿來做為備用電源系統的蓄電元 件以取代習知鉛酸蓄電池組，除 的體積、重量和製造成本，而且可以實電源系統 / JU貫現系統免維護以及 挺尚系統使用壽命等優點。 φ ❹ 參閱圖2’由於習知能量儲存媒介（例如：傳統電池或 超級電容）主要是利用化學能的方式來進行能量储存，因 此其能量儲存密度將會明顯優於一般電容，而可應用於各 種電力供應裝置，但在此同時，其所能產生之瞬間電力輸 出亦會受限於化學反應速率，而無法快速的充放電或進行 南功率輸出，且充放電次數有限，過度充放時易滋生各種 問題。相較於此’由於磁性電容中儲存的能量全部是以電 位能的方式進行儲存’因此’除了具有可與一般電池或超 級電容匹配的能量儲存密度外，更因充分保有電容的特性 ，而具有壽命長（高充放電次數）、無記憶效應、可進行高 功率輸出、快速充放電等特點，故可有效解決當前電池所 遇到的各種問題。參閱圖3，磁性電容6〇〇是包含有一第一 磁性電極61G、-第二磁性電極㈣，以及位於其間之一介 電層630。其中第-磁性電極_與第二磁性電極62〇是由 具磁性的導電材料所構成，並藉由適當的外加電場進行磁 化，使第一磁性電極610與第二磁性電極62〇内分別形成 201018932 磁偶極（Magenetic Dipole) 61s與⑵，以於磁性電容_ 内邛構成一磁場，對帶電粒子的移動造成影響，從而抑制 磁性電容600之漏電流。 所需要特別強調的是，圖3中的磁偶極615與⑵的 箭頭方向僅為一示意圖。對熟習該項技藝者而言，應可瞭 解到磁偶極615肖625實際上是由多個整齊排列的微小磁 偶極所疊加而成’且在本發明中，磁偶極615與⑵最後 形成的方向並無限定，例如可指向同一方向或不同方向。 介電層630則是用來分隔第一磁性電極61〇與第二磁性電 20以於第一磁性電極61〇與第二磁性電極62〇處累積 電荷，儲存電位能。在本發明之一實施例中，第一磁性電 極610與第二磁性電極62〇 i包含有磁性導電材質，例如 稀土疋素’介電層63G則是由氧化鈦（Ti03)、氧化鋇鈦（a plurality of parallel energy storage strings, each energy storage string comprising a test switch connected in series and a plurality of energy storage devices; each energy storage device has an energy storage unit for storing electrical energy, and a energy storage unit is connected in series The working switch and an isolating switch connected in parallel with the energy storage unit and the working switch in series; one detecting single 7C, detecting each energy storage string, judging the faulty energy storage string, and preparing the fault storage Which of the energy storage units of the energy storage device can be in the string; and a control unit that controls the test switches, the work switches, and the control unit according to the test phase of the detection unit Isolating the switches, and switching each switch between a conducting state and a non-conducting state. The detection method comprises the following steps: (A) detecting whether each energy storage string is faulty; (B) detecting, for each of the energy storage devices in the energy storage string, whether the faulty energy storage string is faulty. The effect is that even in the case of a large number of energy storage units 201018932, it is still possible to quickly detect a faulty energy storage unit and simply replace the faulty energy storage unit 'without a single series or replace the entire power supply System, so it can save a lot of money. The above and other technical contents, features, and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply system of this embodiment includes: four energy storage strings 1 to 4, a measurement unit 5, and a control unit 6, and the four energy storage strings 1 to 4 are respectively the first energy storage. String 1, second energy storage string 2, third energy storage string 3 and fourth energy storage string 4, and it is worth noting that the number of such energy storage strings 4 is merely illustrative and not limited to four . Each of the energy storage strings 1 to 4 includes a plurality of energy storage devices u to 14 (the number of the energy storage devices 11 to 14 is merely illustrative and not limited to four), so four energy storage strings 1 to 4 The energy storage devices u~u in the middle form an array arrangement. Each of the energy storage devices 11 to 14 has an energy storage unit U1 (shown in FIG. 6). In the embodiment, the energy storage unit 1U is a magnetic capacitor unit having at least one magnetic capacitor. Because magnetic capacitors are a new type of energy storage 7C, and the known batteries, capacitors, and supercapacitors have many advantages. Therefore, the following describes the magnetic capacitor unit first, and then how to perform the inspection. Magnetic capacitors are not available. The magnetic capacitors can be single magnetic capacitors or a magnetic capacitor composed of series, parallel or mixed series-parallel capacitors. 201018932 ^The magnetic capacitors used in this embodiment are The conductor is an energy storage element that realizes high-density and quantity storage of electric energy through physical energy storage under the action of a constant magnetic field. The magnetic capacitor has the characteristics of large output current, small volume, light weight, long service life, good charge and discharge capability, and no charging memory effect, so it is used as a storage element of the backup power system to replace the conventional lead-acid battery. The group, in addition to the volume, weight and manufacturing costs, but also the real power system / JU system is maintenance-free and the system life is good. Φ ❹ Refer to Figure 2' Since conventional energy storage media (eg, conventional batteries or supercapacitors) mainly use chemical energy for energy storage, their energy storage density will be significantly better than general capacitance, but can be applied Various power supply devices, but at the same time, the instantaneous power output that can be generated is limited by the chemical reaction rate, and cannot be quickly charged and discharged or South power output, and the number of charge and discharge times is limited, and it is easy to overcharge and discharge. Breeding various problems. Compared with this, the energy stored in the magnetic capacitor is stored in the form of potential energy. Therefore, in addition to having an energy storage density that can be matched with a general battery or a super capacitor, it has a characteristic of sufficiently retaining capacitance. Long life (high charge and discharge times), no memory effect, high power output, fast charge and discharge, etc., it can effectively solve various problems encountered in current batteries. Referring to Fig. 3, the magnetic capacitor 6A includes a first magnetic electrode 61G, a second magnetic electrode (four), and a dielectric layer 630 therebetween. The first magnetic electrode _ and the second magnetic electrode 62 〇 are made of a magnetic conductive material and magnetized by an appropriate applied electric field, so that the first magnetic electrode 610 and the second magnetic electrode 62 respectively form 201018932. The magnetic dipoles (Magenetic Dipole) 61s and (2), so that the magnetic capacitance _ internal 邛 constitute a magnetic field, affecting the movement of the charged particles, thereby suppressing the leakage current of the magnetic capacitor 600. It is particularly emphasized that the directions of the arrows of the magnetic dipoles 615 and (2) in Fig. 3 are only a schematic view. For those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the magnetic dipole 615 625 is actually superposed by a plurality of closely arranged micro magnetic dipoles' and in the present invention, the magnetic dipoles 615 and (2) are finally The direction of formation is not limited, for example, it may point in the same direction or in different directions. The dielectric layer 630 is for dividing the first magnetic electrode 61 and the second magnetic circuit 20 to accumulate charges at the first magnetic electrode 61 and the second magnetic electrode 62, and stores potential energy. In an embodiment of the invention, the first magnetic electrode 610 and the second magnetic electrode 62〇 i comprise a magnetic conductive material, for example, the rare earth halogen dielectric layer 63G is composed of titanium oxide (Ti03) and titanium ruthenium oxide (Titanium Oxide).
BaTi〇3)或-半導體層，例如氧化石夕㈤化⑽㈤化）所構 成’然而本發明並不限於此，因此第—磁性電極61〇、第二 磁性電極620與介電層63〇均可視產品之需求而選用適當 之其他材料。 比喻說明本發明磁性電容之操作原理如下。物質在一 :磁場下電阻改變的現象，稱為「磁阻效應」，磁性金屬和 α金材料—般都有這種磁電阻現象，通常情況下，物質的 電阻率在磁場中僅產生輕微的減小；在某種條件下，電阻 率=的幅度相當大，比通常磁性金屬與合金材料的磁電 且一冈出10倍以上’而能夠產生很龐大的磁阻效應。若是 進步結合麥斯威爾-華格納（Maxwell_wagner)電路模型 10 201018932 ’磁性顆粒複合介質中也可能會產生很龐大的磁電容效應 〇 在習知電容中，電容值c是由電容之面積A、介電層 之介電常數〜&及厚度d決定，如下式所示。 然而在本發明中，磁性電容600主要利用第—礤性電 極610與第二磁性電極62〇中整齊排列的磁偶極來形成磁 Φ *來’使内部儲存的電子朝同—自旋方向轉動，進行整齊 的排列，故可在同樣條件下’容納更多的電荷，進而增加 月b量的儲存密度。類比於習知電容，磁性電容6〇〇之運作 原理相當於藉由磁場之作用來改變介電層63〇之介電常數 ’故而造成電容值之大幅提升。 此外，在本實施例中，第一磁性電極61〇與介電層63〇 之間的介面631以及第二磁性電極62〇與介電層63〇之間 φ 的介面632均為一不平坦的表面，使得介面631與介面632 的面積相較於一般平坦的表面其表面積A更大，而能進一 步提升磁性電容600之電容值c。 請參考圖4,本發明之另一實施例中第一磁性電極61〇 之結構示意圖。如圖4所示，第一磁性電極61〇是為一多 層結構，包含有一第一磁性層612、一隔離層614以及一第 二磁性層616。其中隔離層614是由非磁性材料所構成，而 第一磁性層012與第二磁性層616則包含有具磁性的導電 材料，並在磁化時，藉由不同的外加電場，使得第一磁性 11 201018932 層612與第二磁性層616中的磁偶極6i3與6i7分別具有 不同的方向，例如在本發明之一較佳實施例中，磁偶極613 與617的方向為反向，而能進一步抑制磁性電容6〇〇之漏 電流。此外，需要強調的是，磁性電極61〇之結構並不限 於前述之三層結構’而可以類似之方式，以複數個磁性層 與非磁性層不斷交錯堆疊’再藉由各磁性層内磁偶極方向 的調整來進一步抑制磁性電纟_之漏電流，甚至達到幾 乎無漏電流的效果。 此外，由於習知儲能元件多半以化學能的方式進行儲 存，因此都需要有-定的尺彳，否貝1J往往會造成儲量效率 的大幅下降。相較於此，本發明之磁性電容6〇〇是以電位 旎的方式進行儲存，且因所使用之材料可適用於半導體製 程，故可藉由適當的半導體製程來形成磁性電容6〇〇以及 周邊電路連接，進而縮小磁性電容600之體積與重量，由 於此製作方法可使用一般半導體製程達成的，故在此不予 贅述。 請參考圖5，圖5為本發明另一實施例中一磁性電容組U 5〇〇之示意圖。承前所述，在本實施例中，是利用半導體製 程於碎基板上製作複數個小尺寸的磁性電容6〇〇，並藉由 適當的金屬化製程’於該複數個磁性電容6〇〇間形成電連 接’從而構成一個包含有多個磁性電容6〇〇的磁性電容組 500 ’再以磁性電容組5〇〇作為能量儲存裝置或外部裝置的 電力供應來源。在本實施例中，磁性電容組5〇〇内的複數 個磁性電容600是以類似陣列的方式電連接，然而本發明 12 201018932 並不限於此，而可根據不同的電壓或電容值需求，進行適 當的串聯或並聯’以滿足各種不同裝置的電力供應需求。 元件的速接關係： 如圖1所示，該等儲能串1〜4彼此並聯且接收該偵測 單元5送入的測試信號。且在本實施例中，每一儲能串1〜4 包括一測試開關15及4個儲能裝置11〜14，且該等儲能裝 置11〜14及該測試開關15串聯在一起，而該等個儲能裝置 11〜14分別是第一儲能裝置η、第二儲能裝置12、第三儲 Φ 能裝置U及第四儲能裝置14,且值得注意的是，每一儲能 串1〜4所包含的儲能裝置11〜14數目不以4個為限。 如圖6所示，每一儲能裝置11〜14具有一儲能單元 、一隔離開關Π 2，及一工作開關113。該儲能單元111與 該工作開關113串聯’且該隔離開關112係與串聯的儲能單 元111和該工作開關113並聯。 且值得注意的是，上述開關15、112、113的名稱並未 限定這些開關15、112、113的種類或限定了這些開關15、 ® 112、113是不同類型的開關，反之，這些開關15、112、 113可以是同一類型的開關，且當該儲能單元1U以半導體 製程製作時’這些開關15、112、113亦可隨之以半導體製 程製作。 該偵測單元5進行以下不同的測試階段：（1)先以整個 陣列為單元’發出測試信號以測試整個陣列整體是否有故 障，（2)若有故障情形發生，則再以每一儲能串卜4為單位 對每一儲能串1~4進行測試，以判斷哪一儲能串丨〜4中發 13 201018932 生故障’（3)之後再以每一儲能裝置11〜14為單位對有發生 故障的儲能串1〜4測試其所包含的哪一儲能裝置n〜14中 的儲能單元111發生故障。 依據該偵測單元5的測試階段不同，控制單元6會據 以分別控制上述每一開關15、112、113的導通或不導通， 且詳細檢測方法如下所述。 檢測方法： 當開始進行檢測時’該控制單元6先將所有測試開關 15及工作開關in都導通，且所有隔離開關112皆不導通 ，之後再由該偵測單元5測試是否有故障情形，且偵測單 π 5的測試方式可藉由量測總電量是否正確來作判斷，但 實際的測試方式並不以此為限。 一 若總電量不正確，則判斷有至少一個儲能單元1丨1故障 ，因此開始對每一儲能串i〜4逐條進行檢測。 當該賴單it 5檢測第k(k=1〜料時，該控制單 元6控制第k储能串的測試„15導通1其他儲能_的 ==皆不導通，且控制第k儲能串中的所有隔離開 關m不導通，並控制第k儲能串中的所有工 通。如參閱圖7’即是正對第一儲能" 關導 是正對第二㈣串2進行測試，且圖7和8中為了方= 明’省略不畫出控制單元6。 為了方便說 當第k儲月b串的測試結果顯示不正常時，則 串中的所有難單元lu逐個進行制，以確切找出^哪 14 201018932 個儲能裝置中的儲能單元111故障。當該偵測單元5檢測第 k儲能串之第j (j=l〜4)儲能裝置的儲能單元111時，該控 制單元6控制第k儲能串的測試開關15導通，且其他儲能 串的測試開關15皆不導通’並控制第k儲能串之第j儲能 裝置的工作開關113導通’且第k儲能串的其他工作開關 113皆不導通’且控制第k儲能串之第j儲能裝置中的隔離 開關112不導通，且第k儲能串之其他隔離開關112導通。 如參閱圖9，即是正對第一儲能串1内之第一儲能裝置11 φ 的儲能單元111進行測試’而圖10是正對第一儲能串1内 之第二儲能裝置12的儲能單元111進行測試，且圖9和10 中為了方便說明，省略不畫出偵測單元5和控制單元6。 值得注意的是’該隔離開關112的目的可以將非處於測 試中的儲能單元ill隔離於迴路之外，而達到避免干擾的效 果。 綜上所述，本發明電源系統即使在該儲能單元111數量 極多的情況下’依然可以達到快速測試出故障的該儲能單 元111，且只需替換故障的該儲能單元1U，而不須替換整 個電源系統’大幅降低成本，且在測試該等儲能裝置11~14 時’其餘非處於測試中的儲能裝置11〜14内的隔離開關112 導通且工作開關113不導通，有助於量測的準確度。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利 範圍及發明說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍 屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 15 201018932 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是本發明電源系統之較佳實施例的電路圖； 圖2是本實施例之磁性電容與其他習知能量储存媒介 之比較示意圖； 圖3是本實施例中磁性電容之結構示意圖； 圖4是本實施例之磁性電容另一實施例中第—磁性電 極之結構示意圖； 圖5是本發明另一實施例中一磁性電容單元組之示旁、 ISI · 圃， 圖6是本發明之該較佳實施例的電路圖，說明健能裝 置的示意圖； 圖7是本發明之該較佳實施例的電路圖，說明測試第 一儲能串的狀態； 圖8是本發明之該較佳實施例的電路圖，說明剛試第 二儲能串的狀態； 圖9是本發明之該較佳實施例的電路圖，說明測試第 一儲能裝置的狀態；及 圖10是本發明之該較佳實施例的電路圖，說明測試第 二儲能裝置的狀態。 16 201018932 '【主要元件符號說明】 1…… •…第一儲能串 500 ·. ••…磁性電容組 11 ·.··· •…第一儲能裝置 600 ·· .....磁性電容 111… •…儲能單元 610 ·· ••…第一磁性電極 112… •…隔離開關 612 ·· ••…第一磁性層 113… •…工作開關 613 ·· .....磁偶極 12·.·.· •…第二儲能裝置 614 ·· .....隔離層 13··..· •…第三儲能裝置 615 ·· .....磁偶極 14…… •…第四儲能裝置 616 ·. .....第二磁性層 15…… •…測試開關 617 ·· ••…磁偶極 2 ....... …·第二儲能串 620 · .....第一磁性電極 3 ....... •…第三儲能串 625 ·· .....磁偶極 4 ....... •…第四儲能串 630 ·· ••…介電層 5 ....... •…偵測單元 631、 632介面 6 ....... …控制單元 17BaTi〇3) or a semiconductor layer, such as oxidized stone (5) (5) (five), however, the present invention is not limited thereto, and thus the first magnetic electrode 61, the second magnetic electrode 620, and the dielectric layer 63 are visible. Use other materials as appropriate for the product's needs. The analogy shows that the operating principle of the magnetic capacitor of the present invention is as follows. The phenomenon that a substance changes in a magnetic field is called a "magnetoresistive effect". Magnetic metal and alpha-gold materials generally have such a magnetoresistance. Generally, the resistivity of a substance produces only a slight amount in a magnetic field. Reducing; under certain conditions, the magnitude of resistivity = is quite large, and it can produce a very large magnetoresistance effect than the magnetic current of magnetic metal and alloy materials. If it is progress combined with Maxwell_Wagner circuit model 10 201018932 'Magnetic particle composite medium may also produce a huge magnetic capacitance effect. In the conventional capacitor, the capacitance value c is the area A of the capacitor, The dielectric constant of the dielectric layer, ~& and thickness d, is determined as shown in the following equation. However, in the present invention, the magnetic capacitor 600 mainly uses the magnetic dipoles arranged in the first and second magnetic electrodes 610 and 第二 in the second magnetic electrode 62 to form a magnetic Φ* to 'rotate the internally stored electrons in the same direction - the spin direction. , neatly arranged, so that under the same conditions, 'accommodate more charge, thereby increasing the storage density of the monthly b amount. Analogous to conventional capacitors, the principle of operation of the magnetic capacitor 6〇〇 is equivalent to changing the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 63 by the action of the magnetic field, thus causing a substantial increase in the capacitance value. In addition, in the embodiment, the interface 631 between the first magnetic electrode 61 〇 and the dielectric layer 63 以及 and the interface 632 between the second magnetic electrode 62 〇 and the dielectric layer 63 均为 are both uneven. The surface is such that the area of the interface 631 and the interface 632 is larger than the surface area of the generally flat surface, and the capacitance c of the magnetic capacitor 600 can be further increased. Referring to FIG. 4, a schematic structural view of a first magnetic electrode 61A in another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the first magnetic electrode 61 is a multi-layer structure including a first magnetic layer 612, an isolation layer 614, and a second magnetic layer 616. The isolation layer 614 is made of a non-magnetic material, and the first magnetic layer 012 and the second magnetic layer 616 comprise a magnetic conductive material, and when magnetized, the first magnetic 11 is caused by different applied electric fields. The layer 612 and the magnetic dipoles 6i3 and 6i7 in the second magnetic layer 616 have different directions, respectively. For example, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the directions of the magnetic dipoles 613 and 617 are reversed, and can be further The leakage current of the magnetic capacitor 6〇〇 is suppressed. In addition, it should be emphasized that the structure of the magnetic electrode 61 is not limited to the aforementioned three-layer structure', and in a similar manner, a plurality of magnetic layers and non-magnetic layers are continuously staggered and stacked, and then magnetic moments in each magnetic layer are used. The adjustment of the polar direction further suppresses the leakage current of the magnetic current, and even achieves the effect of almost no leakage current. In addition, since most of the conventional energy storage components are stored in a chemical energy manner, it is necessary to have a fixed size, and the No. 1J tends to cause a significant decrease in the storage efficiency. In contrast, the magnetic capacitor 6 本 of the present invention is stored in a potential 旎 manner, and since the material used can be applied to a semiconductor process, the magnetic capacitor 6 〇〇 can be formed by a suitable semiconductor process. The peripheral circuit is connected to further reduce the volume and weight of the magnetic capacitor 600. Since the manufacturing method can be achieved by using a general semiconductor process, it will not be described here. Please refer to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic capacitor group U5〇〇 according to another embodiment of the present invention. As described above, in the present embodiment, a plurality of small-sized magnetic capacitors 6〇〇 are formed on a broken substrate by a semiconductor process, and formed by the appropriate metallization process between the plurality of magnetic capacitors 6 Electrically connected 'to form a magnetic capacitor bank 500' comprising a plurality of magnetic capacitors 6 ' and then a magnetic capacitor bank 5 〇〇 as an energy storage device or an external device power supply source. In this embodiment, the plurality of magnetic capacitors 600 in the magnetic capacitor group 5 are electrically connected in a similar array manner. However, the present invention 12 201018932 is not limited thereto, and may be performed according to different voltage or capacitance value requirements. Proper series or parallel 'to meet the power supply needs of a variety of different devices. Speed-connecting relationship of components: As shown in Fig. 1, the energy storage strings 1 to 4 are connected in parallel with each other and receive a test signal sent from the detecting unit 5. In this embodiment, each of the energy storage strings 1 to 4 includes a test switch 15 and four energy storage devices 11 to 14, and the energy storage devices 11 to 14 and the test switch 15 are connected in series, and the The equal energy storage devices 11 to 14 are the first energy storage device η, the second energy storage device 12, the third Φ energy storage device U, and the fourth energy storage device 14, respectively, and it is worth noting that each energy storage string The number of energy storage devices 11 to 14 included in 1 to 4 is not limited to four. As shown in FIG. 6, each of the energy storage devices 11 to 14 has an energy storage unit, an isolating switch Π 2, and a working switch 113. The energy storage unit 111 is connected in series with the working switch 113 and the isolating switch 112 is connected in parallel with the energy storage unit 111 connected in series and the working switch 113. It should be noted that the names of the above-mentioned switches 15, 112, 113 do not limit the types of these switches 15, 112, 113 or define that these switches 15, ® 112, 113 are different types of switches, and vice versa, these switches 15, 112, 113 may be the same type of switch, and when the energy storage unit 1U is fabricated in a semiconductor process, 'these switches 15, 112, 113 may also be fabricated in a semiconductor process. The detecting unit 5 performs the following different testing stages: (1) first sending a test signal to the entire array as a unit to test whether the entire array is faulty, and (2) if a fault occurs, then each energy storage is performed. The string 4 is tested for each energy storage string 1~4 to determine which storage energy string ~4 medium hair 13 201018932 fault '(3) and then each energy storage device 11~14 The energy storage unit 111 in which the stored energy storage devices n to 14 included in the failed energy storage strings 1 to 4 is faulty. Depending on the test phase of the detection unit 5, the control unit 6 controls the conduction or non-conduction of each of the switches 15, 112, 113, respectively, and the detailed detection method is as follows. Detection method: When the detection is started, the control unit 6 turns on all the test switches 15 and the working switches in, and all the isolation switches 112 are not turned on, and then the detecting unit 5 tests whether there is a fault condition, and The test method for detecting a single π 5 can be judged by measuring whether the total power is correct, but the actual test method is not limited thereto. If the total power is not correct, it is judged that at least one energy storage unit 1丨1 is faulty, so that each energy storage string i~4 is started to be detected one by one. When the singularity it 5 detects the kth (k=1~1, the control unit 6 controls the kth energy storage string test „15 conduction 1 other energy storage _ == no conduction, and controls the kth energy storage All the isolating switches m in the string are not conducting, and control all the power flows in the kth energy storage string. As shown in Fig. 7 'that is, the first energy storage " is directed to the second (four) string 2, and In Fig. 7 and 8, the control unit 6 is omitted for the sake of omitting the square. For the sake of convenience, when the test result of the kth month b string is abnormal, all the hard cells in the string are performed one by one to exact Find out that 14 the energy storage unit 111 in the energy storage device of the 2010 energy storage device 111 is faulty. When the detecting unit 5 detects the energy storage unit 111 of the jth (j=l~4) energy storage device of the kth energy storage string, The control unit 6 controls the test switch 15 of the kth energy storage string to be turned on, and the test switches 15 of the other energy storage strings are not turned on 'and controls the operation switch 113 of the jth energy storage device of the kth energy storage string to be turned on' and The other working switches 113 of the k energy storage string are not conducting 'and the isolation switch 112 in the jth energy storage device controlling the kth energy storage string is not conducting, and the kth The other isolating switch 112 of the string can be turned on. As shown in Fig. 9, the energy storage unit 111 of the first energy storage device 11 φ in the first energy storage string 1 is being tested, and FIG. 10 is facing the first energy storage string. The energy storage unit 111 of the second energy storage device 12 in 1 performs the test, and for convenience of description in FIGS. 9 and 10, the detection unit 5 and the control unit 6 are omitted. It is noted that the isolation switch 112 The purpose is to isolate the energy storage unit ill that is not under test from the loop, and achieve the effect of avoiding interference. In summary, the power supply system of the present invention can still be used even in the case of a large number of the energy storage unit 111. The energy storage unit 111 that quickly tests the fault is reached, and only the faulty energy storage unit 1U is replaced, without replacing the entire power system, which greatly reduces the cost, and when testing the energy storage devices 11~14, the rest The isolation switch 112 in the energy storage devices 11 to 14 that are not in the test is turned on and the work switch 113 is not turned on, which is helpful for the accuracy of the measurement. However, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. When not limited by this The scope of the invention, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the invention in the scope of the invention and the description of the invention are still within the scope of the invention. 15 201018932 [Simplified illustration] FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a comparison between a magnetic capacitor of the present embodiment and other conventional energy storage media; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the magnetic capacitor in the embodiment; FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic capacitor unit in another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, illustrating a state in which the first energy storage string is tested; FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, illustrating The state of the second energy storage string is tested; FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the state of testing the first energy storage device; and FIG. 10 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. A circuit diagram of an embodiment illustrates the state of testing a second energy storage device. 16 201018932 '[Main component symbol description] 1... •...first energy storage string 500 ·. ••...magnetic capacitor group 11 ····· •...first energy storage device 600 ··.....magnetic Capacitor 111...•...storage unit 610··••...first magnetic electrode 112...•...isolation switch 612··••...first magnetic layer 113...•...work switch 613 ···.. Pole 12·····•...Second energy storage device 614 ···.. isolation layer 13··..·...the third energy storage device 615 ··.....magnetic dipole 14... ... •...four energy storage device 616 ·......second magnetic layer 15...•...test switch 617 ·· ••...magnetic dipole 2 ...................second energy storage String 620 · ..... first magnetic electrode 3 . . . . ... third energy storage string 625 ··.....magnetic dipole 4 ....... •...fourth Energy storage string 630 ··••...dielectric layer 5 ....... •...detection unit 631, 632 interface 6 ....... control unit 17