TW201010240A - Power apparatus with self-protection function - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention provides a power apparatus with self-protection function. The power apparatus comprises a magnetic capacitor unit that stores energy and has a first terminal and a second terminal, a first normal switch that selectively connects a first node to the first terminal of the magnetic capacitor, a second normal switch that selectively connects a second node to the second terminal of the magnetic capacitor unit, and an isolating switch that selectively connects the first node and the second node. When the magnetic capacitor unit is fault during the normal mode, the isolating switch will be turned on, the first normal switch will be turned off, and the second normal switch will be turned off. Hence, the first node can be connected to the second node.

Description

201010240 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a power supply device with a protection function, in particular, a magnetic capacitor unit is used as a power source, and when a magnetic capacitor fails, the fault can be isolated. Magnetic capacitors protect the power supply of other circuit components. ... [Prior Art] Today's energy storage components are widely used in home appliances, handheld devices (such as mobile phones, PDAs, etc.) and vehicles to meet the demand for independent energy systems. The narrowly defined energy storage components mainly refer to batteries, including primary batteries and secondary battery products; while the generalized energy storage components refer to all components with energy storage functions, including capacitors and inductors for temporary energy storage. A super capacitor between the battery and the capacitor is also included. The capacitor is stored in the form of potential energy of the physical reaction. It is simpler in production and has the characteristics of fast charge and discharge speed and high power density, but the effect of physics (4) is not good (ie, the capacity is small). Therefore, it can only be used as a short-term storage. The battery can be divided into a primary battery and a secondary battery. - The secondary battery can only be used once and can't be recharged to replenish the converted chemical energy. The secondary battery is mainly used for energy storage by means of chemical energy, so its energy storage density will be significantly better than general capacitance, and can be applied to various power supply devices, but at the same time, it can generate instantaneous power. The output will be limited by the chemical reaction rate, so it is not possible to quickly charge and discharge or perform the same power rotation in 201010240, and the capacity will drop after multiple charge and discharge without using 'and there will be capacity drop. For a long time, the grade capacitor is a component between the battery and the capacitor, also known as the Electrical Double-Layer Capacitor.

Energy storage, part of the chemical energy storage architecture, whose power density and energy density are between the battery and the capacitor. However, supercapacitors have chemical properties due to their chemical properties, and there are four electrical phenomena. X plus, because some of them are physical phenomena, the discharge speed is fast. It is also limited by the decomposition voltage of the electrolyte (aqueous electrolyte # lv, organic electrolyte about = 5v)', so its low withstand voltage, coupled with the cost of the electrode material, the super capacitor has a higher price-energy ratio than other capacitors and batteries. .

% knowing the technology of energy storage components can not achieve the advantages of long life (high charge and discharge times), high energy storage density, instantaneous high power output, fast charge and discharge, etc., and current secondary batteries and super capacitors require electrolysis. The liquid chemically stores electrical energy and cannot be fabricated in the current semiconductor manufacturing process. Therefore, once the package is completed, the capacity of the stored electrical energy is less likely to change, and the peripheral related circuits are less flexible in planning. There are still improvements in the well-known techniques. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply device with a protection function, comprising: a magnetic capacitor unit for storing electrical energy and having a first end and a second end; a first working switch Switchingly connecting a first node to the first end of the 6 201010240 magnetic capacitor unit; a first working switch switchably connecting a second node to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit; An isolating switch 'switchably connects the first node to the second node; when the magnetic capacitor unit is in an operating mode and fails, the isolating switch is turned on and the first working switch and the second working switch are Not conducting, causing the first node to be electrically connected to the second node. Another object of the present invention is to provide a power supply device with a protection function, comprising: a magnetic capacitor unit for storing electrical energy and having a first end and a second end; a first test switch switchably a third node is electrically connected to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit; and a second test switch is configured to electrically connect a fourth node to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit; In the test mode, the first test switch and the second test switch are turned on. Another object of the present invention is to provide a power supply device with a protection function, comprising: - a magnetic capacitor single t for storing electrical energy and having a first end and a second end; and a switch that can switchably a node electrically connected to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit; 201010240 a second switch electrically switching a second node to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit; the second switch switchably a node is electrically connected to the second node; a fourth switch electrically connects a third node to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit; and a fifth switch electrically switches a fourth node To the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit; and a sixth switch, the third node is switchably electrically connected to the fourth node. The magnetic capacitor of the present invention further has a first magnetic electrode, a second magnetic electrode and a dielectric layer therebetween, wherein the first magnetic electrode and the second magnetic electrode are made of a magnetic conductive material, and the first magnetic The magnetic coupling directions of the electrodes are the same, and the magnetic coupling directions of the second magnetic electrodes are the same, but the second magnetic electrodes may be opposite to the magnetic coupling directions of the first magnetic electrodes. Furthermore, at least one of the first magnetic electrode and the second magnetic electrode has a first magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer and a non-magnetic material isolation layer interposed between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer. Preferably, the material of the first magnetic electrode and the second magnetic electrode of the present invention is a rare earth element, and the material of the dielectric layer is titanium oxide (Ti〇3) or yttrium oxide (BaTi〇3) or a semiconductor material. The effect of the present invention is that energy storage components that are programmable and have advantages of long life, high energy storage density, instantaneous high power output, fast charge and discharge, and the like can be achieved. [Embodiment] 201010240 - The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the three preferred embodiments of the drawings. Before the description, it should be noted that in the following description, similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals. The first preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 1. The power supply device with protection function of the present embodiment mainly includes: a magnetic capacitor unit 1, a first switch to a sixth switch U~16, a control device 17, and a first Work bus and a test bus. It should be noted that, in the embodiment, for the convenience of description, the first to sixth switches are respectively referred to as a first working switch 11, a second working switch 12, an isolating switch 13, and a first test switch. 14. A second test switch and a third test switch 16. However, the names of these switches are not limited to the types of the six switches or the six switches are different types of switches. Conversely, the six switches 11 to 16 can be the same type of switches, and when the magnetic capacitor When the unit 1 is fabricated in a semiconductor process, the switches u to 16 can also be fabricated in a semi-guided manner. Since the magnetic capacitor unit 本 in the present invention is a novel energy storage element, and the conventional battery, capacitor, and super capacitor have many advantages, the magnetic capacitor unit will be described first, and then the controller 17 will be described in detail. And how the switches 11 to 16 test whether the magnetic capacitor unit 故障 is malfunctioning, and how to perform isolation at the time of failure. Introduction to Magnetic Capacitor Unit The magnetic capacitor unit 1 can be a single magnetic capacitor or a magnetic capacitor group consisting of a series of parallel or parallel hybrid or hybrid series. The magnetic capacitor applied in this embodiment is an energy storage component that uses a germanium semiconductor as a raw material to realize high-density, large-capacity-quantity storage of electrical energy through a physical energy storage method under a certain magnetic field. Moreover, the magnetic capacitor has the characteristics of large output current, small volume, light weight, long service life, good charge and discharge capability, and no charge memory effect, so it is used as a backup power supply device to replace the conventional lead. The acid battery pack can reduce the size, weight and manufacturing cost of the backup power supply device 200, and can realize the maintenance-free system and the system life. Referring to FIG. 2, since conventional energy storage media (for example, conventional batteries or supercapacitors) mainly use chemical energy for energy storage, their energy storage density will be significantly better than general capacitance, and can be applied to various electric powers. Supply device, but at the same time, the instantaneous power output that can be generated by the party is limited to the chemical reaction rate, but can not be quickly charged and discharged or high power output, and the number of charge and discharge is limited, and it is easy to breed various problems when overcharge and discharge. . In contrast, since all the energy stored in the magnetic capacitor is stored in the form of potential energy, 'in addition to having an energy storage density that can be matched with a general battery or a super-parameter capacitor, the characteristics of the capacitor are sufficiently retained. It has long life (high charge and discharge times), no memory effect, high power output, fast charge and discharge, etc., so it can effectively solve various problems encountered in current batteries. Referring to Fig. 3, the magnetic capacitor 4 includes a first magnetic electrode 410, a second magnetic electrode, and a dielectric layer 430 therebetween. The first magnetic electrode and the second magnetic electrode are made of a magnetic conductive material, and the magnetic field 10 201010240 is formed by a suitable applied electric field to form a magnetic body in the first magnetic electrode 410 and the second magnetic electrode 420 respectively. The dipoles (Magenetlc DiP〇le) 415 and 425 are used to form a magnetic field inside the magnetic capacitor 4, which affects the movement of the charged particles, thereby suppressing the leakage current of the magnetic capacitor 400. It is particularly emphasized that the direction of the heads of the magnetic dipoles 415 and 425 in Fig. 3 is only a schematic view. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the magnetic dipole 415 425 is actually superposed by a plurality of closely arranged micro magnetic dipoles, and in the present invention, the magnetic dipoles 415 and 425 are finally 〇 The direction of the ¥ is not limited, for example, it can point to the same direction or different directions. The dielectric layer 430 is used to separate the first magnetic electrode 4 [the second magnetic electrode 420] to accumulate charges at the first magnetic electrode 41 and the second magnetic electrode 42 () to store potential energy. In a tenth embodiment of the present invention, the first magnetic electrode 410 and the second magnetic electrode 42 are made of a magnetic conductive material, such as a rare earth X*, and the dielectric layer 430 is made of titanium oxide (Ti〇3). Titanium

BaTi〇3) or a semiconductor layer such as oxidized dream (Fan (4) and), however, the present invention is not limited thereto, and thus the first magnetic electrode 4i, the second 10 magnetic electrode 420, and the dielectric layer 430 are both visible. Use other materials as appropriate for the product's needs. The analogy shows that the operating principle of the magnetic capacitor of the present invention is as follows. The phenomenon that the resistance of a substance changes under a certain magnetic field is called the "magnetoresistive effect". Magnetic metal and alloy materials generally have such a magnetoresistance phenomenon. Generally, the resistivity of a substance is only slightly reduced in a magnetic field; Under certain conditions, the magnitude of the decrease in resistivity is quite large, which is more than 10 times higher than the magnetic resistance of conventional magnetic metals and alloy materials, and can produce a very large magnetoresistance effect. If 11 201010240 is further combined with the Maxwell-Wagner circuit model, a large magnetic capacitance effect may also occur in the magnetic particle composite medium. · In the conventional capacitor, the capacitance value C is the area a of the capacitor and the dielectric number f of the dielectric layer. And the thickness d is determined as shown in the following formula. Q __ £〇£r^ ^~d~ However, in the present invention, the magnetic capacitor 400 mainly uses the magnetic dipoles arranged in the first magnetic electrode 410 and the second magnetic electrode 420 to form a magnetic field to 'make the internally stored electrons. Rotating in the same direction of rotation, the entire arrangement 'so that under the same conditions' can accommodate more charge, thereby increasing the storage density of energy. Analogous to conventional capacitors, the principle of operation of the magnetic capacitor 400 is equivalent to changing the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 43 by the action of a magnetic field, thereby causing a substantial increase in the capacitance value. In addition, in the embodiment, the interface 431 between the first magnetic electrode 41 and the dielectric layer 43 and the interface 432 between the second magnetic electrode 420 and the dielectric layer 430 are both uneven surfaces, so that The area of the interface 431 and the interface 432 is larger than the surface area of the generally flat surface, and the capacitance of the magnetic capacitor 400 can be further increased. Referring to FIG. 4, the first magnetic electrode in another embodiment of the present invention. A schematic diagram of the structure of 41〇. As shown in FIG. 4, the first magnetic electrode 41 is a multi-layer structure including a first magnetic layer 412, an isolation layer 414, and a second magnetic layer 416. The isolation layer 414 is made of a non-magnetic material, and the first magnetic layer 412 and the second magnetic layer 416 comprise a magnetic conductive material, and the magnetism is made by a different applied electric field to make the first magnetic 12

The 201010240 layer 412 and the magnetic dipoles 413 and 417 in the second magnetic layer 414 are in different directions. For example, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic dipole 413, the ancient and the Xiao system are reversed. The leakage current of the magnetic capacitor can be further suppressed. In addition, the structure of the magnetic electrode 41G is not the three-layer structure described above, but in a similar manner, a plurality of magnetic d-magnetic layers are continuously staggered and stacked, and magnetic dipoles in each magnetic layer are further The direction is adjusted to further suppress the magnetic capacitance _ < leakage current, even to achieve almost no leakage current effect. In addition, since conventional energy storage components are mostly stored in a chemical energy manner, they all need to have a certain size, otherwise the large-scale field of the storage efficiency tends to decrease. The magnetic capacitor side of the present invention is stored in a potential energy manner, and since the material used can be applied to a semiconductor process, the magnetic capacitor 4 〇〇 and the peripheral circuit can be formed by a suitable semiconductor process. The connection and the reduction of the volume and weight of the magnetic capacitor 4 , are achieved because the manufacturing method can be achieved using a general semiconductor process, and thus will not be described herein. Please refer to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic capacitor group according to another embodiment of the present invention. As described above, in the present embodiment, a plurality of small-sized magnetic capacitors 4 are fabricated on a substrate by a semiconductor process, and the plurality of magnetic capacitors are used in the plurality of magnetic capacitors by a suitable metallization process. An electrical connection is formed to form a magnetic capacitor group 500' including a plurality of magnetic capacitors 4', and the magnetic capacitor group 500 is used as a power supply source for the energy storage device or the external device. In this embodiment, the plurality of magnetic capacitors 400 in the magnetic capacitor group 5 are electrically connected in an array-like manner. However, the present invention 13 201010240 is not limited thereto, and may be performed according to different voltage or capacitance values. It is composed of appropriate series, parallel or series-parallel to meet the power supply requirements of various devices. Test Code Fault Recovery Referring to Figure 1, each magnetic capacitor unit 1 has a first end and a second end ' and the first working switch 11 switchably electrically connects a first node \1 to the magnetic capacitor a first end of the unit 1, the second working switch 12 is switchably electrically connected to a second node x2 to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit 1. The isolating switch 13 is switchably electrically connected to the first node x1 Go to the second node x2. And the first node χΐ and the second node χ2 are electrically connected to the working bus, respectively, and receive the working voltages ν+ and ν_, respectively. The first test switch 14 can switchably electrically connect a third node yl to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit 1. The second test switch 15 can switchably electrically connect a fourth node y2 to the magnetic capacitor. The second end of the unit 1 'the second mode switch 16 is switchably electrically connected to the third node y 1 to the fourth node y2 » and the third node yi and the fourth node y2 are electrically connected to the Test the bus and receive the test voltages VT+ and γτ_. 1. Off-line Testing FIG. 1 'When the magnetic capacitor unit 1 is in an offline test mode, the controller 17 controls the isolating switch 13, the first test switch 14, and the second test switch 15. In the on state, the first working switch 丨丨, the second working switch 12 and the second test switch 16 are in a non-conducting state. Therefore, the magnetic capacitor unit 11 can receive the test signal transmitted from the test bus via the first test switch 14 and the second test switch 丨 5 for testing whether the magnetic capacitor 14 201010240 is faulty, and The measured output signal is output to the test bus via the first test switch and the second test switch. The detailed implementation may be that the test signal is a voltage of a temple and after a period of time sufficient for the magnetic capacitor unit 1 to be completed, the external test device detects the output signal of the magnetic capacitor unit i via the test bus ( For example: charging voltage value) 'If the charging voltage is substantially equal to the reference voltage or the gap is within an error range', then the magnetic capacitor single A1 is judged to be normal, otherwise, it is a fault. Ο

When the magnetic capacitor unit 1 is used together with other circuit components (such as other magnetic grid cells 1), since the isolation switch 123 is in an on state, the magnetic capacitor unit 丨i is in the test mode during the test. The magnetic capacitor unit 1 can be isolated from the loop of other circuit components, that is, other circuit components will not be affected and other operations can be performed. The second embodiment will be described again by way of example. 2. On-line Testing Chess Refer to Figure 6. In addition to the above-mentioned offline test mode, you can also use the connection method. During the connection test, the control H 17 controls the first working switch 11 , the second working switch 12 , the first test switch 14 , and the second test switch 15 to be turned on, and the control isolating switch 13 and the third test switch 16 are not Turn on. Therefore, the operating voltage of the working bus can be transmitted to the magnetic capacitor unit 1, and the voltage change of the magnetic capacitor unit 1 can be measured by the test busbar to further determine whether the magnetic capacitor unit 1 has failed. The biggest difference between the offline test and the connection test is whether the test is performed on the 15 201010240. The external test device for the magnetic capacitor to be tested is one electric: the bus bar is separated, if the magnetic capacitor single magnetic capacitor test is required at this time. The device is tested in the form of line test, and the second is used to separate the bus bar to avoid the power supply on the work bus. The P test device backflush causes the test device to be "destroyed, and when the external > ATE Machine or - can be used under high voltage conditions (4), it can be used for money. The connection test is <4 mode test. Therefore, the main purpose of the present invention is to separate the busbar work bus and the test busbar to ensure that the test circuit and the work circuit do not interfere with each other, the largest, The reason is to prevent the working bus from outputting high voltage to an external test device that cannot withstand high voltage, which causes the external test device to be damaged. 3. Working chess type Referring to Fig. 7, when the magnetic capacitor unit is in a working mode and the magnetic When the capacitor unit 1 has no fault, the controller 17 controls the first working switch 11 and the second working switch 12 to be turned on, and controls the isolating switch 13, the first test switch 14 and the second test switch 15 to be non-conducting, so the magnetic capacitor unit 1 ◎ can work normally. Referring to FIG. 8, when the magnetic capacitor unit 1 is in an operation mode but the magnetic capacitor unit 1 is faulty, the controller 17 controls the isolation switch 13 to be turned on. And controlling the first working switch 11, the second working switch 12, the first test switch 14, and the second test switch 15 to be non-conducting. At this time, the isolation switch 13 forms a gap between the first node x1 and the second node x2. Short circuit path. When the magnetic capacitor unit 1 is used with other circuit components (such as other magnetic capacitor unit 1) for 16 201010240, the faulty magnetic capacitor unit 有效 can be effectively isolated from the loop of other circuit components, and further Protecting other circuit components, that is, other circuit components will not be affected by the faulty magnetic capacitor unit, as will be described in more detail below. 笫二敕佳膏 Example Second Preferred Embodiment and First Embodiment Similarly, the difference is that the circuit modules described in the first embodiment are combined and used in combination. In the embodiment, three are combined, but the practical application is not limited thereto. Referring to FIG. 9, the first The power supply device with the protection function of the second embodiment includes: three magnetic capacitor units 91, 92, 93, three first working switches 911, 921, 931, and two second working switches 912, 922. 932, three isolation switches 913, 923, 933, three first test switches 914, 924, 934, three second test switches 915, 925, 935, three third test switches 916, 926, 936 and a control For the sake of clarity, the controller is omitted from the drawing. The first working switch 911 can switchably connect the node χΐ to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit 1 'the second working switch 912 can switch the node X2 is electrically connected to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit 91; the first working switch 921 is switchably electrically connected to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit 92. The second working switch 922 can switch the node χ3 electrically. Connected to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit 92; the first working switch 931 can switchably electrically connect the node x3 to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit 93, and the second working switch 932 can switchably electrically connect the node X4 to The second end of the magnetic capacitor unit 2. The isolating switch 913 can switchably electrically connect the node x1 to the node χ2, 17 201010240. The isolating switch 923 can switchably electrically connect the node χ2 to the node χ3, which can switchably electrically connect the node χ3 to the node χ4. And the nodes X1 and x4 are electrically connected to the working bus and receive the working voltage and V-0, respectively.

The first test switch 914 can switchably electrically connect the node yl to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit 91, and the second test switch 915 can switchably electrically connect the node y2 to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit 91. The first test switch 924 can switchably electrically connect the node y2 to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit 92, and the second test switch 925 can switchably connect the node y3 to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit 92. The first test switch 934 can switchably electrically connect the node y3 to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit 93, and the second test switch 935 can switchably connect the node y4 to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit 93. And the third test switch 916 can switchably electrically connect the node y to the node y2, the third test switch 926 can switchably electrically connect the node y2 to the node y3, and the third test switch 936 can switchably connect the node y3 to the node Y4. And the nodes y 1 and y4 are electrically connected to the test bus and receive test voltages Vt+ and VT-, respectively. Q Referring to FIG. 10', when the magnetic capacitor unit 92 performs the offline test mode, and the magnetic capacitor units 91 and 93 remain in the normal operation mode, the controller controls the first work switches 911, 931, the second work switch 912, 932, the isolation switch 923, the third test switch 916, 936 are turned on, and control the first working switch 921, the second working switch 922, the isolating switch 913, 933, the first test switch 914, 934, the second test switch 915, 935 The third test switch 926 is not turned on. 18 201010240 - Therefore, the magnetic capacitor unit 92 can be isolated from the circuit of the working busbar. In addition, the test is performed by using the test busbar, and the test is performed as described in the first embodiment. At the same time, the magnetic capacitor units 91, 93 can still work normally through the working busbar without being affected. Referring to FIG. 11, when the magnetic capacitor unit 92 performs the connection test mode, and the magnetic capacitor units 9A and 93 remain in the normal operation mode, the controller controls the first work switches 911, 921, 931, and the second work switch. 912 922, 932, third test switch 916, 936, first test switch 924 ❿, first test switch 925 are turned on. And the control disconnecting switches 913, 923, 933, the first test switches 914, 934, the second test switches 915, 935, and the third test switch 926 are not turned on. The magnetic capacitor unit in the measurement domain receives the working voltage via the working bus bar for testing, and outputs a signal to the test bus via the first test switch 924 and the second test switch 925 to perform a test for failure, and the test The mode is as described in the first embodiment. At the same time, the magnetic capacitor units 91, 93 can still operate normally via the working busbar without being affected. ® Referring to FIG. 12, when the magnetic capacitor units 91-93 are in the operating mode, but it has been determined that the magnetic capacitor unit 92 is faulty, and the magnetic capacitor units 91, 93 are not faulty, the controller controls the first working switches 911, 931, The second working switches 912, 932 and the isolating switch 923 are turned on. And the first working switch 921, the second working switch 922, the isolating switches 913, 933, and all the test switches are not turned on 914~916, 924~926, 934~936 are not turned on. Therefore, the faulty magnetic capacitor unit 92 can be isolated from the circuit of the working busbar to protect other circuit components, and the faultless magnetic capacitor can still operate normally through the working busbar. Third, the furnace is similar to the second embodiment, with the exception of the conduction state of the switches. Referring to Figures 13 and 14, the circuit connection relationship of the third embodiment is similar to that of the second embodiment. When the magnetic capacitor units 91 to 93 are all operated, the controller can change the parallel connection relationship of the magnetic capacitor units 91 to 93 by controlling whether the switches are turned on or off. Under the circuit structure, the magnetic electric valley cells can be easily connected in series or in parallel, so that various applications can be achieved under the mass production of the same architecture. Referring to the switch on state of FIG. 13, the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit 91 is electrically connected to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit 92 via the conduction of the switches 911, 913, and 921, and the magnetic capacitor unit The second end of the 91 is electrically connected to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit 92 via the conduction of the switches 915, 926, and 925. Therefore, the magnetic capacitor units 91 and 92 are in a parallel relationship, and the magnetic capacitor unit 92 is simultaneously The second end is electrically connected to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit 93 via the switches 922 and 931. Therefore, the magnetic capacitor unit 93 is electrically connected to the parallel magnetic capacitor units 91 and 92. . Referring to the switch on state of FIG. 14, the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit 91 is electrically connected to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit 92 via the switches 911, 913, and 921, and simultaneously through the switches. The conduction of 911913, 923, and 931 is electrically connected to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit 93, and the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit 91 is electrically connected to the magnetic capacitor unit via the switches 915, 926, and 925. The second end of the 92 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the magnetic capacitor unit it 93. Therefore, the magnetic terminals 91 to 93 are electrically connected to each other through the conduction of the switches 915, 926, 936 and 935. It is a parallel relationship. In summary, the present invention utilizes a magnetic capacitor unit as an energy storage component, replacing the conventional power supply device, which not only reduces the overall volume and weight of the power supply device, but also improves the storage efficiency, storage capacity, and service life. Compliance, avoiding the memory effect and pollution problem of chemical energy storage; at the same time, with several switches, it can be tested efficiently, and when other magnetic capacitor units are in the test state, other circuit components (such as other magnetic circuit units) It can still work normally. At the same time, the invention can also quickly switch to isolate the faulty magnetic capacitor unit when the fault occurs, so that the rest of the normal magnetic electric grid can still work continuously, so the production and maintenance costs can be greatly reduced. The design of a working bus and a test bus can be completed in the test of the magnetic capacitor unit according to various external test devices according to various external test devices, when the magnetic capacitor is tested. When the unit is fabricated in a semiconductor process, other parts of the invention (eg, open It can also be produced in a semiconductor process, which makes it more efficient in production. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention are All remain within the scope of the invention patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power supply device with a protection function according to the present invention; 21 201010240 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of comparison between a magnetic capacitor of the present embodiment and other conventional energy storage media; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first magnetic electrode in another embodiment of the magnetic capacitor of the embodiment; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic capacitor unit in another embodiment of the present invention; Is a connection test mode circuit of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention,

Figure 7 is a circuit diagram showing the operation mode of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of the isolated magnetic capacitor unit in the operating mode according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 is a second comparison of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of an offline test mode according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

Figure 11 is a circuit diagram of a connection test mode according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 is a circuit diagram of an isolated faulty magnetic capacitor unit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 13 is a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment changes the string and parallel configuration of the magnetic capacitor units in the working mode; and FIG. 14 is a third and preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the operating mode is changed, the magnetic capacitor unit strings and parallel groups are changed. Another example of the state. 22 201010240

[Description of main component symbols] 1 ·····••... Magnetic capacitor unit 91... • Magnetic capacitor unit 11 ···· ••...First work switch 911... •...First work switch 12··· · ••...Second work switch 912... •...Second work switch 13···· ••...Isolation switch 913... •...Isolation switch 14···.••...First test switch 914... •...first Test switch 15···· ••...second test switch 915...the second test switch 16.···••...the third test switch 916...•...the third test switch 17··.·...·. Controller 92·····.... Magnetic Capacitor Unit 400··... Magnetic Capacitor 921 ····...First Work Switch 410.·••...First Magnetic Electrode 922...•...Second Work Switch 412· · ..... Magnetic layer 923... •...Isolation switch 413 ···.. Magnetic dipole 924... •...First test switch 414 ·· ••...Isolation layer 925... •...Second test switch 415 *· ...··Magnetic dipole 926...·The third test switch 416.......Second magnetic layer 93... Capacitance unit 417 . . . .. magnetic dipole 931... •...first working switch 420 ····..> a magnetic electrode 932... •...second working switch 425 .... ... ..Magnetic dipole 933... •...Isolation switch 430 ·. ••...Dielectric layer 934... •...First test switch 431, 432 interface 935... •...Second test switch 500 ·..... Magnetic capacitor Unit group 936... •... third test switch 23

Claims (1)

201010240 X. Patent application scope: 1. A power supply device with protection function, comprising: a magnetic capacitor unit for storing electrical energy and having a first end and a second end; a first working switch switchably a first node is electrically connected to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit; a second working switch is configured to electrically connect a second node to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit; and an isolating switch is switchably Electrically connecting the first node to the second node; when the magnetic capacitor unit is in an operating mode and is faulty, the isolating switch is turned on and the first switch and the second switch are not turned on, so that the The first node is electrically connected to the second node. 2. The power supply device with protection function according to item i of the patent application, wherein when the magnetic capacitor unit is in the working mode and there is no fault, the isolating switch is non-conducting and the first working switch and the The second working switch is turned on. _ 3. According to the power supply device with the protection function described in item i of the patent scope, wherein the first and second ends of the magnetic power unit are received when the magnetic capacitor unit is in a test mode The test signal of the magnetic capacitor single 7G is faulty, and the isolation switch is turned on, and the first working switch and the second working switch are not turned on. 4. According to the scope of the patent application! The power supply device with protection function described in the above, wherein when the magnetic capacitor unit is in a test mode, the isolation 24 201010240. The switch is not conducting, the first working switch and the second working switch are turned on, • the magnetic The first end and the second end of the capacitor unit receive a test signal for testing whether the magnetic capacitor unit is faulty via the first working switch and the second working switch that are turned on. 5. The power supply device with protection function according to the scope of claim 2, further comprising: a first test switch electrically connecting a third node to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit; and a second test switch electrically connecting a fourth node to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit; when the magnetic capacitor unit is in the working mode, the first test switch and the second test switch are not conductive . 6. The power supply device with protection function according to the patent, wherein the magnetic capacitor unit is in a test mode, the first test switch and the second test switch are turned on, and the magnetic The first end and the second end of the capacitor unit receive a test signal for testing whether the magnetic capacitor unit is faulty via the first test switch and the second test opening, respectively. The power supply device with protection function according to the fifth aspect of the patent application, wherein when the magnetic capacitor unit is in a test mode, the first test switch and the second test switch are turned on to make the magnetic capacitor The first end and the second end of the unit respectively output an output signal for testing whether the magnetic capacitor unit is faulty via the first test switch and the second test switch. 8. The power supply device with protection function according to Item 5 of the Chinese patent scope further comprises a second test switch, switchably connecting the third node electrical connection 25 201010240 to the fourth node, when the magnetic electricity When the pet I is in a test mode, the third test switch is not turned on. The power supply device with protection function according to claim 5, further comprising a working bus bar and a test bus bar, wherein the first node and the second node are electrically connected to the working bus bar, the first The three nodes and the fourth node are electrically connected to the test bus. 10. A power supply device having a protection function according to the scope of the patent scope, wherein the magnetic capacitor unit is a single magnetic capacitor or A magnetic capacitor group consisting of series, parallel, or hybrid series-parallel. The power supply device with protection function according to claim 10, wherein the magnetic capacitor comprises a first magnetic electrode, a second magnetic electrode and a dielectric layer disposed therebetween, wherein the first magnetic electrode A magnetic power source having a magnetic dipole in the first magnetic electrode to suppress the leakage current of the magnetic capacitor. The protective magnetic power supply device according to claim 5, wherein the first magnetic electrode comprises: - a first magnetic layer 'having a magnetic dipole arranged in a first direction; - a second magnetic layer 'having a magnetic dipole arranged in a second direction; and an isolation layer ' comprising a non-magnetic material, disposed on the first magnetic layer and the second Between the magnetic layers; wherein the first direction and the second direction are opposite to each other to suppress leakage current of the magnetic capacitor. 13. The power supply device 26 with protection function according to claim 11 of the patent application scope 2010 20100240 • 'The first magnetic electrode and the second magnetic electrode system comprise rare earth elements, and the electric layer is made of titanium oxide (Ti〇3) ), titanium ruthenium oxide (BaTi〇3) or a semiconductor layer. 14. A power supply device having a protective function according to the scope of the invention, wherein the semiconductor layer is ruthenium oxide. 15. A power supply device with a protection function, comprising: a magnetic capacitor unit for storing electrical energy and having a first end and a second end; ❹ a first test switch for electrically connecting a third node To the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit; and a second test switch, switchably electrically connect a fourth node to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit; 'when the magnetic capacitor unit is in a test mode, the The first test switch and the second test switch are turned on. 16. The power supply device with protection function according to claim 15, wherein the first end and the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit receive a test for the test via the first test switch and the second test switch respectively The test signal of whether the magnetic capacitor unit is faulty. The power supply device with protection function according to claim 15 , wherein the first end and the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit are respectively used for determining via the first test switch and the second test switch The test signal of whether the magnetic capacitor unit is faulty. 18. The power supply device with protection function according to claim 15, wherein the magnetic capacitor unit is a single magnetic capacitor or a plurality of 27 201010240 magnetic capacitors connected in series, parallel or mixed series-parallel. Magnetic capacitor set. 19. A power supply device with a protection function, comprising: a magnetic capacitor unit for storing electrical energy and having a first end and a second end; a first switch electrically switching a first node to the a first end of the magnetic capacitor unit; a second switch electrically switching a second node to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit; a second switch switchably connecting the first node to the second node; a fourth switch Switchingly connecting a third node to the first end of the magnetic capacitor unit; a fifth switch switchably connecting a fourth node to the second end of the magnetic capacitor unit; and a sixth And switching to electrically connect the third node to the fourth node. 2. The power supply device with protection function according to claim 19 of the patent application scope further includes a working bus bar and a test bus bar, and the first node and the second node are electrically connected to the working bus bar, the first The three nodes and the fourth node are electrically connected to the test bus. 21. The power supply device with protection function according to claim 19, wherein the magnetic capacitor unit is a single magnetic capacitor or a magnetic 28 composed of a plurality of magnetic capacitors in series, parallel or mixed series-parallel manner. 201010240 Capacitor group. 29