201019566 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明側於-種平衡触，特別是關於—種對數 ，儲旎元件之電壓準位進行平衡的電源平衡模組及其方 【先前技術】 現今儲能元件廣泛運用於電子設備中，以滿足人們 獨立能源系統的需求。-般來說為了給電子設備提供足夠 ㈣壓’例如是需要大電能的交通工具，通常係由多個電 ® 、池串聯而成—電池組。而由於電池組内每個電池之間的性 質不可能完全相同，用久了自然就會有某些特性較差的電 池先老化，而影響了整體内各個電池充放電曲線，致使每 個電池内的電量不相同。因此當電池組中的電池發生不平 ，时，電池組的可用容量將減少，且係由串聯電池組中容 量最低的電池來決定此電池組的總容量。因此在不平衡電 池組中’其在充電時，一個或幾個電池會在其它電池尚需 充電時便已達到最大容量；而在放電時，未完全充電的電 ❿、池又會比其它電池先放完電，使電池組因電壓不足而 停止供電。 β因此為了解決電池組中的每個電池内電量不平衡之 問題:有必要對電池組中的電池進行均壓的處理。如第一 圖=不，其中的電池組係由數個電池B1、Β2、Β3、Β4組成， 且每一個電池分別並聯有一個限流電阻及一開關元件（通 常為功率電晶體）。而當充電模組90對此電池組進行充電 時，此電路所提供的均壓處理是透過分流需要均壓的電池 (如電壓最向的電池）電流來實現的，因此對於電壓最高的 電池而言其在充電過程中將導通對應之功率電晶體，使該 201019566 電池的電流部份分流，因而使它的充 6 慢，而在放電過程中同樣對於電壓最高的電^導通^相^ 加r池的有效負載，使它的= 電'@’因而在充/放電模式下對電池進行平衡。 電阻均壓電路設計時必躲意轉電晶體和限流 耗:使電流保持在合理的範圍内。如果平衡電 :二，會很大’引起電池組及排線升温或增加元件 到平衡作用，因而降低電池平卜 對於第、圖所不之電路而言，其中的限流電阻於 消耗電池的^量，而導致電源白m 、’曰 之外而目m圖^?對電池電壓進行均壓的處理架構 升壓方耗式的方式，將電壓較高的電池以 ΐ=:】會消耗電池中的能量。除此之外:= ί m t技術亦已揭露於美國專利第_795號、 第Θ222344號等專利中。 肌 M 述揭露各種電池均壓處理技術，其處理過程或 為:因:L電:池，量產生消耗’且電路控制方式亦較 =雜，如何解決目前電池組均壓處理方式所衍生的 問碭，已疋一個有待克服之課題。 【發明内容】 ㈣ίΓΓί要解決的技術問題，在於提供—種電源平衡 源模、，且中各儲能元件之電壓準位進行平衡，以 201019566 解決習知技術所產生之問題。 為了解決上述技術問題，根據本發明的一種方案，提 ❿ 5種衡模組，包括-電源模組…第—開關模組、 一第一開關模組、一開關控制模組及一控制單元。i中 電源模組是具有複數個儲能元件；第-開關模組係用i使 該些儲能元件之間可以透過串聯方式耦接；第二開關模組 糸用來使該些儲能元件之間可以透過並聯方式輪；開 控制模_接於第模組與第二開賴組 ^ 別輸出-第-開關控制訊號給第-開關二且 ^輸出H關控龍號給第二開_組。控制單元為 ，於開關控制模組，並用來輸出切換訊號給該開關控制模 換訊號來使該些儲能 ::電源模組中的複數個儲能元件之間可以透過串聯^ 耦：;提供一第二開關模組來控制電源模組中的該:儲5 ί出3:^=聯方式輕接;以及根據-切•心 f開_制訊號給第1關組 關控制訊號給第二開關模組 /一開 串聯或並義方絲_。使得該些儲^件之間以 因此本發明透過上述的技術方 間的連接關係可以經由第—開關且' :關：『之 關控制，而來決定出是使用串聯或並聯 :“件以串聯連接時即可輪出高電壓 = 用’以及當各儲能元件以並聯連接時即可透過無消= 201019566 的方式，使得各儲能元件之電壓準位可以經由彼 ==取得相等’而達到讓各储能元㈣壓 ，夂ί發明具有之功效：具有控制方式簡單的優點，即可 2儲此元件之電壓準位可以快速達到平衡，且並不 果錯月k件之能量產生任何的消耗，而達到節省電源的效 _ 以上之概述與接下來的詳細說明及附圖，皆 ，-步說明本發明為達成預◎的所採取之方式 =政。而有關本發明的其他目的及優點 二 及圖式中加以_。 你傻、續》兒明 【實施方式】 、本發明係提供一種電源平衡模組及其方法，主13 方式’而以無消耗能量方式來讓各:能 兀件之間的電壓準位可以取得平衡。 此 接下來請參閱第二圖，其係為本發 ::模組的示意圖。本實施例所述之電源平衡模組τ係： ，有-電源模㈣、一第一開關模组12、—第二開關模組 、一開關控制模組16及一控制單元18。 一 <其中電源模組10係由複數個儲能元件組成，且 透過關的控㈣以串聯或並聯方式』 ，輕接，而本實施例之儲能元件係以充電電池Β ^相 Β 4作為以下的舉例說明。而當各儲能科 ^ 3、 -起時同時是與一負载㈣接以形成.一迴路，並由 201019566 外载1進行放電，以提供此負載19運作時所％々 電鱗位不相等狀況，則將=壓 二:=ί準:低的储能元件進行充電，並經過: 後各儲此凡件之電壓準位將可自動取得平衡。 同時受-第；=:=:斷^ 電源14麵接於電源模組10，並用來控制此 說’本實馳2魏讀以並财式互_接。具體來 ❿ J —:第二開關元件S2來與其他儲能元件 件之第二端(如負端)係分別透= _是=關;===:，叫 關二:?，—== ::::有r='㈣係可直接對二 卜田所有第1關元件S1關_及所有第二開關元件 201019566 模組1G中的各儲能元件係形成一並聯 而自動二3能凡件之間的電壓準位可以透過並聯關係 開關控制模組16執接於贫pa Ba _ z i ，，並分別對第一：模=二第;= =;=:4輪出第二開關控制訊:= 的=一種原=二Si儲能透過串聯或並聯 -耦接。刖述第一開關控制訊號及第 =關，制《均可分別用來對第—削 據」切換鮮^^號及第二開關控制訊號主要是根 控制單幻8輕接於開關控制模、组16 载19的使用狀態(如啟動使用或停止使用)而來 組16。具趙來說當負= 參 關控制模㈣輸二=:=係使得開 r及嫩第二_元件S2==::: 因此對於本實施例所揭露之電源平衡模組^而古，並 在對各儲能元錄行準位平衡是透過並聯方式來 此财式並不會對電源模組 10產生電此的桃，且此過程是在負載19停正使用時才 201019566 會啟動執行，因此並不會影響 壓準位平衡之操作。 到各儲能元件之間所進行電 ，述提及的儲能元件除了可以是充電電池Βΐ、β2、 之外，對此本發明又提供—種透 娜_201019566 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention is directed to a balanced balance, and more particularly to a power balance module for balancing the voltage level of a storage element with respect to a logarithmic number and a method thereof [Prior Art] Today's energy storage components are widely used in electronic equipment to meet the needs of people's independent energy systems. In general, in order to provide enough (four) pressure for electronic equipment, for example, a vehicle that requires large electric energy, usually a plurality of electric batteries and a pool are connected in series—a battery pack. Since the nature of each battery in the battery pack cannot be exactly the same, it will naturally have some poorly-characterized batteries to age first, which affects the charge and discharge curves of the various batteries in the whole battery, resulting in the internal battery. The battery is not the same. Therefore, when the battery in the battery pack is uneven, the available capacity of the battery pack will be reduced, and the total capacity of the battery pack will be determined by the battery having the lowest capacity among the series battery packs. Therefore, in an unbalanced battery pack, when charging, one or several batteries will reach the maximum capacity when other batteries still need to be charged; and when discharging, the batteries and pools that are not fully charged will be more than other batteries. The power is discharged first, so that the battery pack stops supplying power due to insufficient voltage. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of battery imbalance in each battery in the battery pack, it is necessary to perform equalization processing on the battery in the battery pack. As shown in the first figure = no, the battery pack is composed of a plurality of batteries B1, Β2, Β3, Β4, and each battery has a current limiting resistor and a switching element (usually a power transistor) in parallel. When the charging module 90 charges the battery pack, the voltage equalization process provided by the circuit is realized by diverting the current of the battery (such as the most voltage-oriented battery) that needs to be equalized, so that the battery with the highest voltage is used. In the charging process, the corresponding power transistor will be turned on, so that the current portion of the 201019566 battery is shunted, so that its charging is slow, and in the discharging process, the same voltage is also applied to the voltage. The effective load of the pool is such that its = '@' thus balances the battery in charge/discharge mode. The resistor averaging circuit must be designed to hide the transistor and current limit: keep the current within a reasonable range. If the balance of electricity: two, it will be very large 'cause the battery pack and the cable to heat up or increase the component to balance, thus reducing the battery level for the circuit of the first and the figure, the current limiting resistor is used to consume the battery ^ The amount of power, resulting in the power supply white m, '曰 and the other m picture ^? The voltage of the battery voltage is equalized in the processing architecture of the boosting mode, the battery with a higher voltage ΐ =:] will consume the battery energy of. In addition to this: = ί m t technology has also been disclosed in U.S. Patent No. _795, No. 222,344, and the like. Muscle M reveals various battery voltage equalization treatment techniques, and its processing process is: due to: L electricity: pool, quantity production consumption 'and circuit control method is also more than mixed, how to solve the current battery pack pressure treatment method derived from the question Oh, there is already a problem to be overcome. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION (4) The technical problem to be solved is to provide a power balance source mode, and balance the voltage levels of each energy storage component to solve the problems caused by the prior art by 201019566. In order to solve the above technical problem, according to one aspect of the present invention, five kinds of balance modules are provided, including a power module, a first switch module, a first switch module, a switch control module and a control unit. The power module of i has a plurality of energy storage components; the first switch module uses i to couple the energy storage components in series; the second switch module is used to make the energy storage components The mode can be transmitted through the parallel mode; the open control mode _ is connected to the first module and the second open group ^ output - the first switch control signal to the first switch 2 and the ^ output H control dragon number to the second open _ group. The control unit is a switch control module, and is configured to output a switching signal to the switch to control the mode change signal to enable the energy storage: the plurality of energy storage components in the power module can be connected through the series: a second switch module is used to control the power module: the memory is stored in the 3:^=link mode; and the control signal is sent to the first group according to the -cut heart-open signal Switch module / one open series or parallel square wire _. Therefore, the connection relationship between the storage members and thus the present invention through the above-mentioned technical parties can be determined by using the first switch and the control switch to determine whether to use series or parallel connection: When connecting, you can turn off the high voltage = use 'and when the energy storage components are connected in parallel, you can pass the no-zero = 201019566 way, so that the voltage level of each energy storage component can be equalized by the === Let each energy storage element (four) pressure, 夂ί invention has the effect: it has the advantage of simple control mode, that is, the voltage level of this component can be quickly reached to balance, and it is not wrong to generate any energy. Consumption to achieve power saving effect _ The above summary and the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, all of which illustrate the manner in which the present invention is achieved in order to achieve the pre- ◎. Other purposes and advantages related to the present invention In the second and the drawings, _. You are stupid, continued, and the following [Embodiment], the present invention provides a power balance module and a method thereof, the main 13 mode 'and the energy-free way to make each: between The voltage level can be balanced. Please refer to the second figure, which is a schematic diagram of the module: The power balance module τ system of the embodiment: , has - power mode (four), one The first switch module 12, the second switch module, a switch control module 16 and a control unit 18. A < wherein the power module 10 is composed of a plurality of energy storage components, and is controlled by a switch (4) In series or in parallel mode, lightly connected, and the energy storage component of the present embodiment is exemplified by the following description of the rechargeable battery 。 ^ Β 4, and when each energy storage unit is 3, and simultaneously with a load (four) Connected to form a loop, and discharged by 201019566 external load 1 to provide the 不 々 不 运作 运作 运作 运作 运作 运作 运作 运作 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此 此And after: the voltage level of each of these stored parts will be automatically balanced. At the same time - the first; =: =: break ^ power 14 is connected to the power module 10, and used to control this said 'this real 2Wei read and connect with each other. Specifically ❿ J —: the second switching element S2 and other energy storage components The second end (such as the negative end) is transparent = _ is = off; ===:, called off two: ?, -== :::: has r = ' (four) can directly directly to the second The component S1 is turned off _ and all the second switching components 201019566 each of the energy storage components in the module 1G form a parallel connection, and the voltage level between the two components can be connected through the parallel relationship switch control module 16 Poor pa Ba _ zi , and respectively for the first: modulo = two first; = =; =: 4 round the second switch control: = = one original = two Si energy storage through series or parallel-coupling. The first switch control signal and the first switch are described. The system can be used to switch between the first and second switch control signals, and the second switch control signal is mainly the root control single magic 8 is connected to the switch control mode. Group 16 contains 19 states of use (such as start-up or stop use) to group 16. With Zhao, when negative = control mode (four) input two =: = system makes open r and tender second _ component S2 ==::: Therefore, the power balance module disclosed in this embodiment is ancient, and In the balance of the energy storage elements, the balance is not connected to the power module 10 by the parallel mode, and the process is started when the load 19 is stopped. Therefore, it does not affect the operation of the pressure level balance. The electric energy is supplied between the energy storage elements, and the energy storage elements mentioned above may be provided by the invention, in addition to the rechargeable batteries Βΐ, β2.
磁性電容咖)來當成本=; :月bTG件的另—種實施祕。接下來進—步說明本實施 例所述之雜電容賴成，錢參㈣·，其係為本發 明實施例之-磁性電容示意圖。如第三圖所示磁性電容2 (magnetic capacitor)包括一介電層2〇、一第一磁性電 極22及一第二磁性電極24,其中介電層2〇係設置於第一 磁性電極22與第二磁性電極24之間，以於在第一磁性電 極22與第二磁性電極24處累積電荷以儲存電壓準位能， 且第一磁性電極22與第二磁性電極24係由具有磁性導電 材料所構成’並可藉由對第一磁性電極22與第二磁性電極 24外加電場進行磁化，而使第一磁性電極22與第二磁性 電極24内分別形成磁偶極（magnetic dipole) 26、28， 如此可以在磁性電容2中構成一磁場而來對帶電粒子的移 動造成影響，因此使得磁性電容2中的介電層20可以用來 儲存電能及藉由磁偶極26、28形成的磁場來避免電能漏 電。 前述第一磁性電極22與第二磁性電極24之材質可以 為稀土元素，介電層20係由氧化鈦（Ti〇3)、氧化鋇鈦 (BaTi03)或一半導體層，例如氧化矽（si 1 icon oxide)所構 成，然而本發明並不限於此，第一磁性電極22、第二磁性 電極24與介電層20均可視產品之需求而選用適當之其他 材料。另外第三圖中第一磁性電極22與第二磁性電極24 11 201019566 中的箭頭係用來表示磁偶極26、28，磁偶極26、28實際 上係由多個整齊排列的微小磁偶極所疊加成，然而對於熟 習該項技藝者而言，本實施例對於磁偶極26、28之形成方 向並無限定，如可以指向同一方向或不同方向。Magnetic capacitor coffee) comes as cost =;: another implementation of the monthly bTG pieces. Next, the description will be given of a magnetic capacitor according to the embodiment of the present invention. The magnetic capacitor 2 includes a dielectric layer 2, a first magnetic electrode 22, and a second magnetic electrode 24. The dielectric layer 2 is disposed on the first magnetic electrode 22 and Between the second magnetic electrodes 24, a charge is accumulated at the first magnetic electrode 22 and the second magnetic electrode 24 to store a voltage potential, and the first magnetic electrode 22 and the second magnetic electrode 24 are made of a magnetic conductive material. The configuration may be performed by magnetizing an electric field applied to the first magnetic electrode 22 and the second magnetic electrode 24 to form magnetic dipoles 26 and 28 in the first magnetic electrode 22 and the second magnetic electrode 24, respectively. Thus, a magnetic field can be formed in the magnetic capacitor 2 to affect the movement of the charged particles, so that the dielectric layer 20 in the magnetic capacitor 2 can be used to store electrical energy and the magnetic field formed by the magnetic dipoles 26, 28. Avoid electric energy leakage. The material of the first magnetic electrode 22 and the second magnetic electrode 24 may be a rare earth element, and the dielectric layer 20 is made of titanium oxide (Ti〇3), titanium strontium oxide (BaTi03) or a semiconductor layer such as yttrium oxide (si 1). The invention is not limited thereto. The first magnetic electrode 22, the second magnetic electrode 24 and the dielectric layer 20 may be selected from other suitable materials depending on the requirements of the product. In addition, in the third figure, the arrows in the first magnetic electrode 22 and the second magnetic electrode 24 11 201019566 are used to indicate the magnetic dipoles 26, 28, and the magnetic dipoles 26, 28 are actually composed of a plurality of closely arranged tiny magnetic couples. The poles are superimposed, however, for those skilled in the art, the direction in which the magnetic dipoles 26, 28 are formed is not limited in this embodiment, such as pointing in the same direction or in different directions.
根據前述說明’前述第三圖所示之磁性電容2，其原 理主要是利用第一磁性電極22與第二磁性電極24中整齊 排列的磁偶極26、28來形成磁場，以使得介電層2〇中儲 存的電荷朝同-自旋方向轉動，而進行整齊且緊密的排 列，因此在介電層2〇中即可以容納更多的電荷，進而增加 磁丨生電谷2的電能儲存密度。由於習知電容中，電容 係由電容之面積A、介電層之介質常數度電二 =下公式（一），因此類比於習知電容，本實施例之磁性電 谷2相g於藉由磁场之作用來改變介電層之介電常數，故 而造成電容值之大幅提升。 η _ .........公式（一） 牡此要特別強咧，+耳施例之磁性電容2儲存的能1 ，部^、以電位能的方式進行儲存，相較於主要以化學能信 存的其他能量儲存媒介（例如傳統電池或超級電容） 例性電容2 &了具有可匹配的能量儲細 數）保有電容的特性，而具有壽命長（高充放電二i 數），，，、心L'效應、可進行高功率輸出、快速充放電 ▲故可有效解決當前電池所制的各種問題。且由於知 能兀件多半以化學能的方式進行儲存，因此都需要口定 的尺寸，否則往往會造成效料大幅下 實施例之磁性電容2係以電位能的方式進行：於:因: 12 201019566 材料可適用於半導體製程’故可藉由適當的半導體 丨3形成礙性電容2以及周邊電路連接，進而縮小磁性 二之體積與重量，由於此製作方法可使用一般半導體 • 褽程二其應為熟習該項技藝者所熟知，故在此不予贅述。 〜，參閱第四圖，其係為本發明另一實施例之一磁性電 容之示意圖。磁性電容3係包括一介電層3〇、一第一磁性 ，極32與—第二磁性電極34 ’其t介電層30係設置於第 磁!生電極32與第二磁性電極34之間。第一磁性電極32 • $包括有—第一隔離層320、-第-磁性層322及一第二 fl·生層324 ’第一隔離層320是設置於第一磁性層322與 第一磁性層324之間。第二磁性電極34更包括一第二隔離 層340 7第三磁性層342及一第四磁性層344，第二隔離 層340疋设置於第三磁性層342與第四磁性層之間。 第隔離層320與第二隔離層340均是由非磁性材料所構 成。 、第四圖所示之磁性電容3之操作原理係與第三圖所示 ❿ 之磁性電容2相同’—樣是透過外加電場於第-磁性層 322、第一磁性層324、第三磁性層342與第四磁性層344， 而使第-磁性層322、第二磁性層324、第三磁性層料2 與第四磁性層344中分別形成磁偶極（magnetic dipole) 31、33、35、36。因此磁性電容3在磁化過程中，可以藉 由不同的外加電場’例如使第一磁性層322與第二磁性層 324中的磁偶極3卜33分別具有不同的方向，以及使第三 磁性層342與第四磁性層344中的磁偶極邪、36分別具有 不同的方向’如此能進一步抑制磁性電容3之漏電流。同 樣本實施例對於磁偶極3卜33、35、36之形成方向並無限 13 201019566 定，如可以指向同一方向或不同方向。 f此__ ’前述之第—磁性電極32及第二磁性 ^ 34之結構並不限於前述之三層結構，，而可以類似之方 式，以複數個磁性層與非磁性層不斷交錯堆疊， 磁性層内磁偶極方向的調整來進一步抑制磁性電容3之漏 電流’以達到幾乎無漏電流的效果。 再者為了更突顯本發明所述之磁性電容具有高能量 冑存密度之技術特點，請參閱第五圖所示，其主要是將磁 陡電各與其他能罝儲存媒介之作比較，從第五圖中可以清 楚得知^磁性電容相對於一般電容（Capac i t〇rs)、電化學= 級電容（electrochemical supercapacit〇rs )、電池 ^Batteries)、燃料電池（fuel cells)是具有較佳的能 量儲存密度，並藉由此磁性電容之技術特點，而得以讓磁 I1 生電谷可以具有咼功率輸出、快速充放電、不具充放電次 數限制、體積小、重量輕的技術效果。 故當本實施例所述之儲能元件透過前述磁性電容實 ❿ 施時，將可使電源平衡模組10整體電路空間縮小，且也能 儲存較多的電能，更值得一提的是當各磁性電容之間透^ 並聯耦接時’由於磁性電容具有快速充放電之特性，因此 將使各磁性電容之間的電壓準位快速達到平衡，使得電源 模組10可以在極短時間中就可讓各儲能元件之電壓準位 相等。 接下來請再參閱第六圖所示’其係為本發明電源平衡 方法之流程圖，相關之說明並請一併配合第二圖，第六圖 所示之方法步驟如下： 首先提供一第一開關模組12及一第二開關模組14來 201019566 -開關元件S1係提供讓:二及第厂開關元件兕’且第 並聯輛絲供私舰元件之間以 判斷-負载19的使用狀況（如步 判斷負載19是否為啟動使用或是停^:3)，此步驟疋 制第的判斷結果為負載19啟動使用時，則控 u f—開關7°件S1導通及第二開關 以奉龜拉Λ關疋件S2關斷，以使各儲能元件之間 # . 工來對負载19進行供電（如步驟S605)，之 後回到步驟S603繼續執行。 ㈣H，3的判斷結果為負載19停止使用時，則控 槿細1 /由1組_12中的第一開關元件S1關斷及第二開關 m 1的第二開關元件S 2導通，以使各儲能元件之間 俺本方式來讓各儲能元件之電壓準位能自動取得平 、:驟S6G7)，之後回到步驟咖3繼續執行。 士 :述說明已揭露本發明的實施方式，而為了更清楚說 ㈣田0f實際運作方式’在此以舉例方式說明本發明可能 ♦ 。其_中前述之負載19可以是當成電動車，因此 二日日t、、啟動仃駛時’由於需要足夠的電源供應量，故本 m源？組1〇中的各儲能元件之間將以互相串聯的方 1:古/共问電壓輪出之電源供此電動車使用；反之當電動 田T订驶時’本發明電賴組10停止供電給電動車使 且電源模纟a 10中的各儲能元件之間將以互相並聯的方 15 201019566 式來讓各儲能元件之電壓準位可以自動取得平衡。此外前 述負載19並不侷限於電動車，亦可以是其他透過儲能元= 作為電源供應且需對儲能元件充電的電子裝置，如電 工具。 于 故透過前述實施例之說明，本發明是提供一種簡易的 控制方式來讓各儲能元件之電壓準位可以自動取得平衡， 且在此過程之中並不會對各儲能元件之能量產生消耗，、如 此可以讓各舰元件之躲可㈣紐發揮及使用，以解 ⑩ 決窖知技術中以多個電池串聯構成的電池組，若其中各電 池因電壓準位不相等將造成後續各電池充放電控制的困 擾。且本發明是在負載不需使用電源時，才會對各儲能元 件以並聯^式進行電池電鮮位之平娜作，並不會對負 載的正常供電造成影響。 、 另，本發明為了讓各儲能元件在並聯使用時，而讓各 2能元件之f鮮位快速達到平衡，可錢时述磁性電 谷來替代般的充電電池，而讓負载可以在短時間内即可 ❹ 快速使用此電源模組，同時此時電源模組中各儲能元件之 電壓準位已呈現相等的電壓準位輸出。 惟，上述所揭露之圖式、說明，僅為本發明之實施例 而已，凡精于此項技藝者當可依據上述之說明作其他種種 之改良，而這些改變仍屬於本發明之發明精神及以下所界 定之專利範圍中。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係為習知電池電壓準位之平衡電路示意圖； 16 201019566 第二圖係為本發明實施例之一電源平衡模組之示意圖； 第三圖係為本發明實施例之一磁性電容之示意圖； 第四圖係為本發明另一實施例之一磁性電容之示意圖； 第五圖係為將磁性電容與其他能量儲存媒介作比較之示意 圖；以及 第六圖係為本發明實施例之一電源平衡方法之流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 ⑩ 1電源平衡模組 10電源模組According to the foregoing description, the magnetic capacitor 2 shown in the foregoing third figure is mainly based on the magnetic poles 26, 28 arranged in the first magnetic electrode 22 and the second magnetic electrode 24 to form a magnetic field, so that the dielectric layer The charge stored in the 2〇 rotates in the same-spin direction, and is arranged neatly and closely, so that more charge can be accommodated in the dielectric layer 2〇, thereby increasing the electrical energy storage density of the magnetic germanium 2 . In the conventional capacitor, the capacitance is from the area A of the capacitor and the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer is the second formula (1). Therefore, analogous to the conventional capacitor, the magnetic phase 2 of the present embodiment is used by The role of the magnetic field changes the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer, resulting in a substantial increase in capacitance. η _ .........Formula (1) This is particularly strong, and the magnetic capacitors stored in the ear can be stored in the form of potential energy, compared to the main Other energy storage media (such as conventional batteries or supercapacitors) that are stored by chemical energy. Capacitive capacitors 2 & have a matching energy storage factor) retaining capacitance characteristics, and have a long life (high charge and discharge two i number ),,,, heart L' effect, high power output, fast charge and discharge ▲ can effectively solve various problems caused by current batteries. Moreover, since the know-how components are mostly stored in a chemical energy manner, they all need to be fixed in size, otherwise the effect is often caused by a large amount of magnetic capacitors in the embodiment. The potential energy is performed in the manner of: potential: 12 201019566 The material can be applied to the semiconductor process', so that the appropriate capacitance can be formed by the appropriate semiconductor 丨3 and the peripheral circuit connection, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the magnetic second. Since the manufacturing method can use a general semiconductor, the second method should be It is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described here. Referring to the fourth figure, which is a schematic diagram of a magnetic capacitor according to another embodiment of the present invention. The magnetic capacitor 3 includes a dielectric layer 3, a first magnetic pole, a pole 32 and a second magnetic electrode 34'. The t dielectric layer 30 is disposed between the magnetic source 32 and the second magnetic electrode 34. . The first magnetic electrode 32 includes a first isolation layer 320, a first magnetic layer 322, and a second fluorescent layer 324. The first isolation layer 320 is disposed on the first magnetic layer 322 and the first magnetic layer. Between 324. The second magnetic electrode 34 further includes a second isolation layer 340 7 , a third magnetic layer 342 , and a fourth magnetic layer 344 . The second isolation layer 340 疋 is disposed between the third magnetic layer 342 and the fourth magnetic layer. Both the first isolation layer 320 and the second isolation layer 340 are made of a non-magnetic material. The operation principle of the magnetic capacitor 3 shown in the fourth figure is the same as that of the magnetic capacitor 2 shown in the third figure—the transmission of the electric field to the first magnetic layer 322, the first magnetic layer 324, and the third magnetic layer. 342 and the fourth magnetic layer 344, and the magnetic dipoles 31, 33, 35 are formed in the first magnetic layer 322, the second magnetic layer 324, the third magnetic layer 2 and the fourth magnetic layer 344, respectively. 36. Therefore, during the magnetization process, the magnetic capacitor 3 can have different directions by the different applied electric fields, for example, the magnetic poles 3 and 33 in the first magnetic layer 322 and the second magnetic layer 324, respectively, and the third magnetic layer. 342 and the magnetic dipole in the fourth magnetic layer 344, 36 have different directions respectively. Thus, the leakage current of the magnetic capacitor 3 can be further suppressed. The same sample embodiment is for the direction of formation of the magnetic dipoles 3, 33, 35, 36 and is infinitely 13 201019566, as can be pointed in the same direction or in different directions. f __ 'the foregoing - the structure of the magnetic electrode 32 and the second magnetic member 34 is not limited to the foregoing three-layer structure, but in a similar manner, a plurality of magnetic layers and non-magnetic layers are continuously staggered and stacked, and magnetic The adjustment of the magnetic dipole direction in the layer further suppresses the leakage current of the magnetic capacitor 3 to achieve almost no leakage current. In order to further highlight the technical characteristics of the magnetic capacitor of the present invention having high energy storage density, please refer to the fifth figure, which mainly compares the magnetic steep electricity with other energy storage media. It can be clearly seen in the five figures that the magnetic capacitance has better energy than the general capacitance (capacit〇rs), electrochemical supercapacit〇rs, battery (Batteries), and fuel cells. The storage density and the technical characteristics of the magnetic capacitor enable the magnetic I1 to have the technical effects of power output, fast charge and discharge, no charge/discharge limit, small size and light weight. Therefore, when the energy storage device of the embodiment is implemented by the magnetic capacitor, the overall circuit space of the power balance module 10 can be reduced, and more power can be stored, and it is worth mentioning that when When the magnetic capacitors are connected in parallel, the magnetic capacitors have a fast charge and discharge characteristic, so the voltage level between the magnetic capacitors can be quickly balanced, so that the power module 10 can be used in a very short time. Let the voltage levels of the energy storage components be equal. Next, please refer to the figure in the sixth figure, which is the flow chart of the power balance method of the present invention. For related explanations, please also cooperate with the second figure. The steps of the method shown in the sixth figure are as follows: First, provide a first The switch module 12 and the second switch module 14 come to 201019566 - the switch element S1 provides the use of: the second and the first switch element 兕 ' and the parallel line of wires for the private ship components to determine the use condition of the load 19 ( If the step 19 determines whether the load 19 is used for starting or stopping ^: 3), the first judgment result of the step is that when the load 19 is started, the control uf-switch 7° member S1 is turned on and the second switch is turned to the turtle. The switching element S2 is turned off to supply power to the load 19 between the energy storage elements (step S605), and then returns to step S603 to continue the execution. (4) When the judgment result of H and 3 is that the load 19 is stopped, the control unit 1/ is turned off by the first switching element S1 of the one group _12 and the second switching element S 2 of the second switch m1 is turned on, so that Between the energy storage components, the voltage level of each energy storage component can be automatically obtained, and S6G7), and then return to step 3 to continue execution. The description of the embodiments of the present invention has been disclosed, and for the sake of clarity, the present invention may be exemplified herein by way of example. The load 19 mentioned above may be an electric vehicle. Therefore, when the vehicle is started on the second day, it is necessary to supply sufficient power supply. The energy storage elements in the group 1〇 will be connected to each other in series 1: the ancient/common voltage is used for the electric vehicle; otherwise, when the electric field T is set, the invention is stopped. The electric power is supplied to the electric vehicle, and the energy storage elements in the power supply module a 10 will be in parallel with each other. The voltage level of each energy storage element can be automatically balanced. Further, the aforementioned load 19 is not limited to an electric vehicle, and may be other electronic devices that pass through the energy storage element as a power supply and that need to charge the energy storage element, such as an electric tool. Therefore, through the description of the foregoing embodiments, the present invention provides a simple control method to automatically balance the voltage levels of the energy storage components, and does not generate energy for each energy storage component in the process. Consumption, so that the various components of the ship can be used (4) to play and use, in order to solve the problem, the battery pack consisting of multiple batteries connected in series, if each battery is not equal due to the voltage level will cause subsequent Battery charging and discharging control troubles. Moreover, in the present invention, when the load does not need to use the power source, the parallel storage of the energy storage elements is performed in parallel, and the normal power supply of the load is not affected. In addition, in order to make each energy storage component be used in parallel, the fresh energy of each of the two energy components can be quickly balanced, and the magnetic battery can replace the rechargeable battery, and the load can be short. The power module can be quickly used in time, and the voltage level of each energy storage component in the power module has an equal voltage level output. However, the drawings and descriptions disclosed above are only examples of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various other modifications according to the above description, and these changes still belong to the inventive spirit of the present invention. The scope of the patents defined below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first figure is a schematic diagram of a balanced circuit of a conventional battery voltage level; 16 201019566 The second figure is a schematic diagram of a power balance module according to an embodiment of the present invention; A schematic diagram of a magnetic capacitor; a fourth diagram is a schematic diagram of a magnetic capacitor according to another embodiment of the present invention; a fifth diagram is a schematic diagram comparing a magnetic capacitor with other energy storage media; and a sixth diagram is A flowchart of a power balance method according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 10 1 power balance module 10 power module
Bl、B2、B3、B4 電池 12第一開關模組 S1第一開關元件 14第二開關模組 S2第二開關元件 22第一磁性電極 26、28磁偶極 31、33磁偶極 16開關控制模組 18控制單元 19負載 2磁性電容 20介電層 24第二磁性電極 3磁性電容 30介電層 3 2第'一磁性電極 17 201019566 一磁性層 320第一隔離層 322第 324第二磁性層 34第二磁性電極 三磁性層 340第二隔離層 342第 344第四磁性層 35、36磁偶極 90充電模組 S601〜S607流程圖步驟說明Bl, B2, B3, B4 battery 12 first switch module S1 first switching element 14 second switch module S2 second switching element 22 first magnetic electrode 26, 28 magnetic dipole 31, 33 magnetic dipole 16 switch control Module 18 control unit 19 load 2 magnetic capacitor 20 dielectric layer 24 second magnetic electrode 3 magnetic capacitor 30 dielectric layer 3 2 'a magnetic electrode 17 201019566 a magnetic layer 320 first isolation layer 322 324 second magnetic layer 34 second magnetic electrode three magnetic layer 340 second isolation layer 342 344 fourth magnetic layer 35, 36 magnetic dipole 90 charging module S601 ~ S607 flow chart step description
❹ 18❹ 18