TW201010111A - Method for producing photovoltaic modules in a vacuum laminator with reduced process vacuum - Google Patents
Method for producing photovoltaic modules in a vacuum laminator with reduced process vacuum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201010111A TW201010111A TW098115213A TW98115213A TW201010111A TW 201010111 A TW201010111 A TW 201010111A TW 098115213 A TW098115213 A TW 098115213A TW 98115213 A TW98115213 A TW 98115213A TW 201010111 A TW201010111 A TW 201010111A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- plasticizer
- film
- acetal
- weight
- photosensitive semiconductor
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229960005489 paracetamol Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- GCDUWJFWXVRGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-heptanoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCC GCDUWJFWXVRGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVKREWPWSWPBGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid;2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)CO.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VVKREWPWSWPBGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LTKDMTLWLLQSFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid;2-[2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCC(O)=O.OCCOCCOCCOCCO LTKDMTLWLLQSFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- OJXOOFXUHZAXLO-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;1-bromo-3-methanidylbenzene;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[CH2-]C1=CC=CC(Br)=C1 OJXOOFXUHZAXLO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZQRWYKUORDAYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxecane-2,3-dione Chemical compound O=C1OCCCCCCOC1=O ZQRWYKUORDAYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTTWSMJHJFNCQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dibenzylamino)ethanol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CN(CCO)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WTTWSMJHJFNCQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEYLQCXBYFQJRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-ethylbutanoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-ethylbutanoate Chemical compound CCC(CC)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(CC)CC JEYLQCXBYFQJRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXYWKXBAMJYTKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[2-(3-sulfanylpropanoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 3-sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound SCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCS BXYWKXBAMJYTKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGIWGFXQNPWKPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl phenyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 UGIWGFXQNPWKPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000248349 Citrus limon Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NEHDRDVHPTWWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioctyl hexanedioate Chemical group CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC NEHDRDVHPTWWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRQDZJMEHSJOPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate) Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(CC)CCCC FRQDZJMEHSJOPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006359 acetalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000032 aromatic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- KZBSIGKPGIZQJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-butoxyethyl) decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCCC KZBSIGKPGIZQJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HORIEOQXBKUKGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(7-methyloctyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(=O)OCCCCCCC(C)C HORIEOQXBKUKGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SCABKEBYDRTODC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl] hexanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCCC SCABKEBYDRTODC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013039 cover film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GQIDSVPVVYHXAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihexyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCC GQIDSVPVVYHXAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBGGXOJOCNVPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisononyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCC(C)C HBGGXOJOCNVPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004806 diisononylester Substances 0.000 description 1
- ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-M diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)([O-])OC1=CC=CC=C1 ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical compound C=C.CC(=O)OC=C HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentanal Chemical compound CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003329 sebacic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
- B32B37/1009—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure using vacuum and fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10559—Shape of the cross-section
- B32B17/10577—Surface roughness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10688—Adjustment of the adherence to the glass layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
- B32B17/10871—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing in combination with particular heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
- B32B2309/60—In a particular environment
- B32B2309/68—Vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Description
201010111 六、發明說明: , 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種利用一以聚乙烯縮醛為基礎的含塑 化劑薄膜在提高溫度及降低氣體環境壓力下製造光伏模組 的方法。 【先前技術】 光伏模組係由具有透明覆膜作為防範外部效應之保護 膜的感光半導體層所構成。薄半導體層可被用作為感光半❹ 導體層、單晶太陽能電池或支撐的多晶體。薄膜太陽能模 組係由例如藉由蒸發塗佈、化學氣相沈積、濺鍍或濕式沈 積而施加至最透明板上的感光半導體層所構成。 兩系統藉由透明黏著劑而被疊合於玻璃面板與例如玻 璃或塑膠所構成的硬性後覆蓋面板之間。 通常以熱固性模造樹脂或可交聯之伸乙烯乙烯基乙酸 酯(ethylene vinyl acetate- ’ EVA)為基礎的系統作為透明黏 著劑使用’例如在DE 41 22 721 C1或DE 41 28 766 A1中❹ 所揭露者。 熱固性黏者劑系統外的另一選擇為:使用以聚乙締縮 趁為基礎的含塑化劑薄膜例如自製造疊合玻璃的已知聚乙 烯丁縮醛(PVB)。太陽能電池單元係由一或多層PVB薄犋 所覆蓋’且此些膜層係利用期望的覆蓋材料在提高的壓力 與溫度下而連結至一疊層。此類方法已知例如自DE 40 26 165 C2、DE 42 278 60 Al、DE 29 237 70 C2、DE 35 38 986
2010101H . C2 或 US 4,321,418 所得。 除了所用材料之特性外,個別元件間的接合品質亦會 影響到太房能桓組的财久性及安全性。模組中的氣泡戍隱 域間的不良接合對使用年限有負面的影響。 目前,最常用來製造太陽能模組的方法係在真空廣麇 機中層壓。此處,該模組在真空腔室中的處於真空中益藉 由IR||射、微波輻射或與一或多個熱板直接接觸所加熱。 由於只有在真空腔室中1毫bar或更低的製程真空才藤 ® 可靠地移除源自於EVA交聯的反應產物,因此為了製造無 氣泡之含EVA模組,通常必須採用此方式。 若在此類製程中使用了以聚乙烯縮醛為基礎的黏著劑 薄膜’部分塑化劑會自薄膜邊緣區域逃脫並以油性薄膜形 式沈積於疊層上及真空腔室中。此增加處理成本並藉由增 加清潔結果而降低循環時間。 【發明内容】 φ 技術問題 因此本發明的目的為提供在真空層壓機中利用含塑化 劑之中間層薄膜製造太陽能模組的方法,其具有大幅地降 低的塑化劑殘留傾向。
從利用EVA薄膜疊合太陽能模組所獲得的經驗顯示, 製造無氣泡疊層需要高製程真空。因此,當類似地使用含 塑化劑之聚乙烯縮醛薄膜時’採用自處理EVA薄膜已知的 製程參數,或者此些製程參數係揭露 於例如DE 201010111
202006014595 Ul、DE 69828921 Τ2、DE 20302045 Ul、DE 69431140 T2、DE 69527715 T2 或 DE 69734631 T2 中,便 不再細述。 技術解決方法 令人訝異地,發明人發現利用以聚乙烯縮醛為基礎之 含塑化劑薄膜亦可在增加的氣體環境壓力下製造出無氣泡 的疊層’其同時減少了塑化劑損失,且因此減少了製程期 間疊層上及製程腔室中的油性塑化劑薄膜。 【實施方式】 描述本發明 因此本發明的標的為一種製造光伏模組的方法,其包 含下列之疊層: a) —透明前蓋板; b) —或多個感光半導體層或與其塗佈的支撐物; c) 至少 一個以聚乙稀縮搭為基礎之含塑化劑薄膜;及 d) —背蓋板,其中一由層a)至d)所構成的複合物係在 製程腔室中於120-190 °C的溫度及200至5*l〇4Pa的氣體 環境壓力下被接合成疊層。 在圖1中描述了根據本發明所用之製程腔室(即真空層 壓機)的典型設置。在此處,a)代表真空室的上部而b')^ 真空室的下部,其係藉由薄膜c)彼此分離並可不同地被加 壓。模組藉由加熱板d)以直接接觸或對流方式受到加熱。 201010111 Γ Πe)可分別地將已組裝之複合物或已疊合之模 組f)傳入及傳出製程腔室。 $ 的溫度較佳地為⑽至180。。,最佳地為140 、程腔室的溫度係等同於加熱源的溫度。可使 戈多個加熱板的1R輻射、微波輻射、對流或直接 接觸作為加熱源。加熱源可設置在疊層的上方及/或下方。 在製程,間内可將製程腔室的溫度維持在岐或變動。
製程腔至中j哀繞曼層或模組的氣壓即層壓機下部中的 氣壓係較佳地A於勒Pa,更較佳地大於2W。在每一 情況下,可將5W Pa訂定為製程腔室中氣壓的上限。在 製程時間内此真空度可保持固定或改變。 製程時間取決於疊層的厚度即玻璃的厚度、蓋板薄膜 的厚度及+間層薄膜或縣薄朗厚度,且通常為1〇至^ 分鐘。 ,擇性地可利用額外施加的表面負載來壓製疊層。使 用的壓製力量(pressing power)可經由將真空室的上部(圖j 中的a)與下部(圖1中的b)彼此分離的薄膜(圖丨中的幻所 施加。為了施加表面負載於疊層,製程腔室的上部係完全 地或部分地被充氣或甚至被過度壓縮,俾以經由製程腔室 之上與下部間的壓力差使壓力(即表面負載)施加至疊層或 模組。 壓製所需的表面負載亦可以液壓方式、氣動方式 (pneumatically)或固體平板的機械方式施加。亦可想到這些 方法的組合。在根據本發明的方法中,可利用1*1〇4 pa至 201010111 12*105Pa的表面負載壓製疊層。 根據本發明之以含塑化劑之聚乙烯縮醛為基礎的薄膜 較佳地包含由聚乙烯醇與丁醛之縮醛反應所獲得的未交聯 聚乙烯丁縮醛(PVB)。 亦可使用交聯的聚乙烯縮醛尤其是交聯的聚乙稀丁縮 搭(PVB)。例如,在 EP 1527107 B1 及 WO 2004/063231 A1(熱 自父聯之含叛基的聚乙稀縮醒·)、EP 1606325 A1 (盘聚醒·交 聯之聚乙烯縮醛)及W0 03/020776 A1(與乙醛酸交聯之聚 乙烯縮搭)中敘述了適合的交聯聚乙烯縮醛。 ❹ 亦可利用具有2-10個碳原子的其他或數種醛類(例 戊醛)來進行縮醛反應。 ^在本發明之範疇内亦可使用水解乙烯基乙酸酯/乙烯共 聚物的三元共聚物作為聚乙稀醇。此些化合物通常被水解 至大於98莫耳%^_包含i至1G重量%的乙埽系單元(例如
Kuraray Europe GmbH 的,’Exceval”類)〇 一又,在本發明之範疇内亦可使用由乙烯基乙酸酯及至 烯化之未飽合單體所製成的水解共聚物來作〇 2判之範_,可使賴㈣乙烯醇或具有不同 程度或水解程度的聚乙烯醇混合物。 t烯縮醛除了縮醛單元外更包含自乙烯基乙酸略與 你从=所產生的單元。根據本發明所用之聚乙烯縮醛較 /、有聚乙烯醇含量低於22重量%,低於20重量% -於18重量%’低於16重量%或15重量〇/〇 ,以及最佳地 201010111 低於14重量%。聚乙烯醇含量不應低於12重量%。 根據本發明所用之聚乙烯縮盤的聚乙烯基乙酸酯含田 係較佳地少於3重量%或1重量%,更佳地少於0 75 ^ 甚至更佳地少於0.5重量%,以及最佳地少於〇 25重量 縮醛化的程度可自聚乙烯醇含量與殘存之乙酸g^° 所計算獲得。
薄膜較佳地具有的最大塑化劑含量為40重量。/❶,35重 量%,32重量%,30重量%,28重量%,%重量%,重 1%,或22重量% ;為了薄膜加工性之理由塑化劑含量 不應低於15重量%(各基於總薄膜調配物)。根據本發明使 用之薄膜或光伏模組可包含一或多種塑化劑。 根據本發明所用之薄膜的適合塑化劑為選自下列族群 的一或多種化合物: 、 脂肪族或芳香族酸的賴,例如:己二酸二_ 二酸、己二酸二辛醋、己二酸己基環己醋、己 酸庚—酸壬S旨之混合物、己二酸二異壬®旨、己二 二ίΐ:己二酸與環脂族或含喊鏈之醋醇的_;癸 、元-B如癸二酸二丁酯及癸二酸 之酯醇的酯類·物— 一兴锿知族或含醚鏈 鄰笨二甲酸雙;鄰本二甲酸的酯類如鄰苯二甲酸丁节酯或 夕丁敗芰-2-丁氧基乙基酯 例如 的酯類; 支脂肪多^旨二1 或芳香族醇或具有—或多個未分支或分 例如二二上曰族取代基之低聚醚乙二醇的_或醚類, 四乙二醇與射线分支脂料或環脂族紐 醇雙(2-乙基己酸醋)、三乙二醇雙(2_乙基己 201010111 酸酯)、三乙二醇雙(2-乙基丁酸酯)、四乙二醇雙-正·庚酸, 酯、三乙二醇雙-正-庚酸酯、三乙二醇雙-正-己酸酯、四乙· 二醇二曱基醚及/或二丙二醇苯曱酸酯可作為較後族群之實 例 _具有脂肪族或芳香族酯醇的磷酸酯,例如磷酸参(2_ 乙基己基)酯(tof)、磷酸三乙酯、磷酸二笨基_2_乙基己爲 醋及/或填酸三甲苯醋(tricresyl phosphate) •檸:檬酸、號轴酸及/或反丁稀二酸之醋類 自下列族群所選擇出之一或多種化合物尤其適合作為❹ 根據本發明所用之薄膜的塑化劑:癸二酸二(2_乙基己基) 醋(DOS)、己二酸二(2-乙基己基)g旨(D0A)、己二酸二己基 酯(DHA)、癸二酸二己基酯(DBS)、三乙二醇雙_正_庚酸酯 (3G7)、四乙一醇雙-正-庚酸醋(4G7)、三乙二醇雙(2_乙基己 酸酯)(3G0或3G8)、四乙二醇雙(正_2_乙基己酸酯)(4G〇或 4G8)、己二酸二(2-丁氧基乙基)g旨(DBEA)、己二酸二(2-丁 氧基乙氧基乙基)醋(DBEEA)、癸二酸二(2_丁氧基乙基)酯 (DBES)、鄰苯二曱酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(D〇p)、三乙二醇雙❹ -異壬酸酯、二乙二醇雙(2-丙基己酸酯)、鱗酸参(2_乙基己 基)酯(T0F)、環己烧-1,2-二羧酸二異壬酯(DINCH)及二丙二 醇苯曱酸酯。 以聚乙烯縮醛為基礎之薄膜與玻璃的黏著性可藉著添 加黏著調整劑如W0 03/033583中所揭露之有機酸的鹼及/ 或鹼土鹽類而加以調整。已證實尤其適合的是醋酸鉀及/或 醋酸鎂。為了獲得高黏著值,可能必須要使用未添加黏著 201010111 調整劑如鹼及/或鹼土鹽類。 以含塑化劑聚乙烯縮醒·為基礎之薄膜較佳地具有施加 至一侧或尤其較佳地施加至兩侧的表面結構,其粗糙度RZ 係介於10至180μιη,較佳地Κ·ζ>20μηι及Rz<180pm,更佳 地 Rz>35gm 及 Ι1ζ<150μηι,以及最佳地 Rz>35pm 及 Rz<130pm 〇 在擠壓製程(extrusion process)期間可藉由根據EP 0 185 863 B1之所謂流動或溶體破裂(melt fracture)法製造薄 膜的表面結構。此方法會導致不規則、近乎等向的粗糖度 (isotropic roughness)。在此處,在所有方向上量測到之粗糙 度的量測值幾乎是相等的,但在其高度與分佈上卻有不規 則的個別高低起伏。 或者,可藉由例如根據EP 06112163或EP 06112159 之浮壓法(Embossing Method)施加薄膜的表面結構。此處, 會產生表面的規則粗糙度/粗糙結構。 表面粗糖度Rz或粗輪值RZ的量測係根據din EN ISO 4287進行。此特定量測係利用來自Mahr之型號S2的粗較: 度量測裝置及具有機械滑執式傳感器(mechanical skidded pick-up)MFW-250的驅動單元PGK進行。截止波長lc為8 mm ’總量測長度lm為40 mm以及係由五段8mm樣本長 度le所構成’每一段樣本分別具有8 mm的前移動距離和 後移動距離lv和In。 以含塑化劑的聚乙烯縮醛為基礎之薄膜的厚度通常為 201010U1 0.38、0.51、0.76、1.14、1.52 或 2.28 mm。理論上以聚乙 烯縮·為基礎之薄膜的製造與組成係敘述於例如EP 185 863 Bl、EP 1 118 258 Bl、WO 02/102591 Al、EP 1 118 258 B1 或 EP 387 148 B1 中。 在根據本發明之方法的一個變化型中,光伏模組的製 造係以下列方式進行··藉著將感光半導體層嵌入至少兩個 薄膜c)之間以疊合透明前蓋板a)、感光半導體層b)及背蓋 板d) °感光半導體層藉此而接合至蓋板a)與d)。 在本發明之另一變化型中,感光半導體層係(以例如蒸❹ 鍍、化學氣相沈積、濺鍍或濕式沈積)被施加至支撐物。受 到支撐的感光半導體層被嵌入兩個薄膜c)間並以此方式接 合至蓋板a)與d)。 在此些變化型中以聚乙烯縮酿為基礎之含塑化劑薄膜 c)彼此溶接’因而獲得無氣泡及無條紋之感光半導體層的擋 牆0 亦可將感光半導體層(藉由例如蒸鍍、化學氣相沈積、 濺鍍或濕式沈積)直接施加至蓋板a)或句令之一者。在本發❹ 明之此變化型中無法或不需要進行封褒。因此在此類模組 中’將一或多個感光半導體層b)施加至透明前蓋板a)或背 蓋板d) ’並藉由至少一個以聚乙烯縮醛為基礎之含塑化 薄膜c)彼此接合。 在疊合處理期間,根據本發明所用之薄膜會填充存在 於感光半導體層或其電連接處的空隙。 透明前蓋板通常由玻璃或透明塑膠如Etfe或 12 201010111 所構成。光伏模組的背蓋板可由玻璃、塑膠或金屬或其複 合物所構成,至少—健切物可為透明。亦可將蓋板中 的-者或兩者_為疊合麵(即由至少兩個玻璃板及至 乂個PVB /薄膜所製成#疊層)或具有氣間隙的絕緣破 璃。自然地,這些方法之組合亦為可能。 在模組中所用之感光半導體層不需要具有任何特殊的 特性。可使用單晶、多晶、有機或非晶系統。 根據本發㈣製造的光伏模組可用於太陽能電薇作為 件、屋頂區、冬季庭園遮覆、隔音牆、陽台或扶手 元件或窗區元件。 實例 ❹ 比較例 在真Μ壓機中疊合尺打㈣公分xWnG公分之薄 與一厚度為3.2麵之具有内部縱及橫向接觸件並在 :觸㈣麵。轉厚度為G.76 的產 °C^f,^25〇/o6, 衣^:下制_膜至少12小時。邊緣周_延伸凸出長度 (pr〇jectlng length)為 5 職。加熱板具 空度為少於100 Pa。首先,排空槿组L的/皿度,真 部製程腔室綠5分鐘的-段日^=分鐘;接著,將上 將模組滞时此錢程齡下2;^。到―。再來, 獲仔-無氣泡的、完全接合之疊層, 微量塑化劑薄膜。藉著氣相色層 -在表面上-有 薄膜塑化劑含量,得到少们重量 枝伸邊緣處的 里0的塑化劑損失。 13 201010111 根據本發明之實例 如比較例中在相同的製程條件下疊合相同的薄膜模 組,但將真空度調整至3000 Pa。 獲得一無氣泡之疊層而在玻璃表面上無可見之塑化劑 薄膜。藉著氣相色層分析法測定延伸邊緣處的薄膜塑化劑 含量,得到少於1重量%的塑化劑損失。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為根據本發明所用之製程腔室的典型設置。 【主要元件符號說明】 a) 真空室的上部 b) 真空室的下部 c) 薄膜 d) 加熱板 e) 傳送皮帶 f) 已組裝之複合物或已疊合之模組 14
Claims (1)
- 201010111 七、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種製造光伏模組之方法,其包含下列之疊層·· a) —透明前蓋板; b) —或多個感光半導體層; c) 至少一個以聚乙烯縮醛為基礎之含塑化劑薄膜;及 d) —背蓋板, ⑩ ❹ ,特徵在於一由層a)至d)所構成的複合物係在一製程脸 室中於120-l9〇〇c的溫度及2〇〇至5*1〇4pa的氣體 下被接合為一疊層。 I如t請4專利範圍第1項之方法’其特徵在於該疊層係利 用1*10卩&至12*1〇5 Pa的表面負載所壓製。 3.如申明專利範圍第1或2項之方法其特徵在於該 為基礎之含塑化劑薄膜。)具有最大40重量%的 塑化劑含量。 J 4Ui月專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之方法,其特徵在 量二聚乙埽祕具有小於3重量%的聚乙烯基乙酸醋含 5' "4 碲縮醛具有小於22重量%的聚乙烯醇含量。 該申fli5項中任—狀統,其特徵在 15 201010111 7. 如申請專利範圍第1至6項中任一項之方法,其特徵在 於一或多個感光半導體層b)係嵌入至少兩個該以聚乙烯 縮醛為基礎之含塑化劑薄膜c)之間並接合至該透明前蓋 板a)與該背蓋板d)。 8. 如申請專利範圍第1至6項中任一項之方法,其特徵在 於該一或多個感光半導體層b)係施加至一支撐物而該支 撐物係嵌入至少兩個該以聚乙烯縮醛為基礎之含塑化 劑薄膜c)之間並接合至該透明前蓋板a)與該背蓋板d)。 9. 如申請專利範圍第1至6項中任一項之方法,其特徵在 於一或多個感光半導體層b)係施加至一透明前蓋板a)或 一背蓋板d)並藉由至少一個以聚乙烯縮醛為基礎之含塑 化劑薄膜c)而彼此接合。 10. —種根據申請專利範圍第1至9項中任一項之方法製 造光伏模組之用途,作為太陽能電廠中的外觀元件、屋 頂區、冬季庭園遮覆、隔音牆、陽台或扶手元件或窗區 元件。
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DE102008001684A DE102008001684A1 (de) | 2008-05-09 | 2008-05-09 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Photovoltaikmodulen im Vakuumlaminator mit reduziertem Prozessvakuum |
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TW098115213A TW201010111A (en) | 2008-05-09 | 2009-05-08 | Method for producing photovoltaic modules in a vacuum laminator with reduced process vacuum |
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EP (1) | EP2288498A2 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102008001684A1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW201010111A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2009135929A2 (zh) |
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CN102903335A (zh) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-30 | 聚合物视象有限公司 | 具有光学层的耐冲击装置 |
TWI620337B (zh) * | 2013-04-30 | 2018-04-01 | 日立化成股份有限公司 | 太陽電池模組的製造方法 |
CN108202521A (zh) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-26 | 北京汉能创昱科技有限公司 | 一种柔性太阳能组件的层压方法 |
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JP2012134458A (ja) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-07-12 | Sony Chemical & Information Device Corp | 薄膜系太陽電池モジュール、及び薄膜系太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 |
WO2024037636A1 (zh) * | 2022-08-19 | 2024-02-22 | 天合光能股份有限公司 | 封装层压装置、设备及工艺方法 |
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CN102903335A (zh) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-30 | 聚合物视象有限公司 | 具有光学层的耐冲击装置 |
TWI620337B (zh) * | 2013-04-30 | 2018-04-01 | 日立化成股份有限公司 | 太陽電池模組的製造方法 |
CN108202521A (zh) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-26 | 北京汉能创昱科技有限公司 | 一种柔性太阳能组件的层压方法 |
CN108202521B (zh) * | 2016-12-20 | 2020-12-22 | 北京汉能创昱科技有限公司 | 一种柔性太阳能组件的层压方法 |
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EP2288498A2 (de) | 2011-03-02 |
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