TW200948274A - Disease and insect controlling agent for agricultural/horticultural plants - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a microorganism having an excellent ability to control disease damages and insect damages (disease and insect damages) occurring in plants over a wide range, a disease and insect controlling agent for agricultural/horticultural plants using the same, and a method of controlling disease and insect damages in agricultural/horticultural plants using the same. At least one member selected from Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain (FERM ABP-11095), Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain (FERM ABP-11096) and variants of these strains having a comparable ability to control disease and insect damages to these strains is applied to agricultural/horticultural plants.

Description

200948274 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Fields of the Invention] The present invention relates to a cultivation scene of agricultural and horticultural plants for facility horticulture and open field cultivation, for preventing pathogenic bacteria caused by plant damage during pest cultivation and pests due to pests (hereinafter referred to as "pest and disease") microorganisms and preparations therefor, and methods for controlling pests and diseases of agricultural and horticultural plants using microorganisms. Ο [Prior Art] Regarding the stable production of agricultural and horticultural plants, it is necessary to prevent pests and diseases that occur during the cultivation period. In recent years, in the implementation of the country's sustainable agriculture, in addition to the traditional methods of controlling the main chemical pesticides, microbial pesticides, which are mainly composed of microorganisms that prevent pests and diseases, which are separated by nature, have attracted attention. In addition, since the microbial pesticides also show effects against pests or resistant bacteria that are resistant to the continuous use of the above-mentioned chemical pesticides, it is necessary to grow the planting system, and it is required to use a pest control agent for microorganisms having new capabilities. Therefore, it develops and sells microbial pesticides for the purpose of preventing diseases or pests and reducing the damage caused by diseases or insect pests (Non-Patent Document 1). For example, a microbial pesticide using a filamentous fungus is developed, and a genus of the genus genus of the genus A. Further, a pest control agent for plants and plants containing a substance producing a Penicillium citrinum F 1 593 strain is known (Patent Document 2). However, it is not known to have a genus of the genus of the genus genus and the genus Penicillium which are capable of controlling both diseases and pests. On the other hand, as a microbial pesticide for controlling both diseases and pests, it is known that a pest insecticide containing Verticillium lecanii is used to control microbial pesticides (Patent Document 3). However, it is possible to prevent the disease of this pesticide from being only a wheat disease, and there is a problem that the applicable plant is restricted. Non-Patent Document 1: Bio-Pesticide + Hormone Guidebook 2006 (edited by the Japanese Society for Plant Epidemic Prevention). Patent Document 1: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei No. Hei 10-229872. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides microorganisms excellent in the control of diseases and pests (pest and disease) occurring in a wide range of plants, and pest control agents and agricultural and horticultural plants using the agricultural and horticultural plants. In order to solve the above problems, the inventors of the present invention have made an effort to study the problem of the pest control of plants. As a result, it has been found that microorganisms having excellent controllability against pests and diseases occurring in a wide range of agricultural and horticultural plants have been found to prevent pests and diseases of agricultural and horticultural plants, and have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention is as follows.

(1) Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain (BCRC -6- 200948274 930120), Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain (BCRC 93 0 1 2 1 ), and the like The mutant strain is a pest control agent (hereinafter referred to as "the pest control agent of the present invention") of the agricultural and horticultural plant characterized by at least one strain selected from the strains having the same pest control ability as the strains. (2) Talaromyces f 1 avus Y uri - 0 1 strain (BCRC 930120), Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 φ strain (BCRC 93012 1), and variants of these strains A method for controlling pests and diseases of agricultural and horticultural plants characterized by at least one strain selected from the group having the same pest control ability as the strains. (3) Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain (BCRC 930120) ° (4) Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain (BCRC 93 0 1 2 1 ). BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The pest control agent of the present invention contains either one or both of Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain or peniciiiiuin vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain. feature. The term "prevention of pests and diseases" refers to the suppression of pests caused by pests or the occurrence of diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. The relationship between the yellow-blue fungus and the Penicillium spp. is a complete generation and an incomplete generation. In addition, 'C. sinensis is also known as penicilliUmdangeardii. Here, the 'Yellow-blue fungus Yuri-〇l strain contains the strain of the incomplete generation, and the Penicillium fuliginea Yuri-12 strain contains the strain of the complete generation. 200948274 The yellow-breasted Yuri-01 strain is a plant in Japan in July 2005, specifically the strain isolated from the back of the leaf. On December 4, 1999, the commission number is FERM P-2 1 45 5 It is deposited in the National Center for the Advancement of the Industrial and Technological Research Institute of the Independent Administrative Corporation (the 6th center of Tsukuba Center, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan). It was deposited on the International Treaty on February 16, 2001 based on the Budapest Treaty. The deposit is given the deposit number BCRC 930120. In addition, the Penicillium fuliginea Yuri-12 strain is a plant in Japan in July 2005, specifically a strain isolated from the back of the leaf. On December 4, 19, the commission number is FERM P-2 1 456. It is deposited in the authorized bio-receiving center of the Industrial and Technological Research Institute of the Independent Administrative Corporation. It was deposited on the International Depositary on February 16, 2001 under the Budapest Treaty and was given the registration number BCRC 930121. The yellow-breasted Yuri-01 strain was identified by DSMZ. The characteristics of the colonies are as follows.

On Czapek-yeast extract medium, at 25 ° C, after 7 days, 30 mm in diameter, granular and bright yellow, hyphae were yellow, and fertility of fertile seeds was weak 'a small amount of green and black brown exudate. The back of the dish is orange. The ascospore morphology is formed by a strong complexed mesh of bacteria. The ascospores are firmly attached to the base of the straight capsule. Mature for 2 weeks. The ascospores are yellow 'elliptical, 4x3ym, overall rough. The meristematic stalk is produced by air-borne bacteria as a thin film with a smooth surface. The small stem is 10~18//m, needle-shaped. The meristem is elliptical, 2.5~3//m, smooth surface. From such a characteristic 'Yellow Blue Fungus Yuli-01 strain was identified as Talaromyces flavus (Kloecker) Solk & Samson. -8- 200948274 Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain was identified by DSMZ. The characteristics of the colonies are as follows. On malt extract medium, at 25 ° C, after 7 days, 30 mm diameter 'felt and yellow. The hyphae are yellow. The fertility of the child is weak, grayish green. No exudate. The back of the dish is made of tea orange. The morphology of the meristematic stalk is produced by hyphae in the air, short, thin, smooth, two-round. The small stem form is 10~12#m, needle-shaped. The shape of the meristem is a smooth surface, and the thick wall is long. The elliptical surface is about 3#m, which is about spherical. The ascospores primordial ejector are firmly attached to the base of the straight sac. No ascospores. According to such a feature, the Penicillium fuliginea Yuri-12 strain is identified as Penicillium v ermiculatum Dangeard 〇 In addition, in the pest control agent of the present invention, yellow-blue fungus Yuri-ΟΙ or Penicillium sp. Yuri-12 can also be used. The strain of the strain, the strain having the same pest control ability as the strains. "Pest and disease control ability" refers to the ability to suppress pests caused by pests or diseases caused by pathogens. The ability to control pests and diseases can be assessed based on the number of insect pests, insecticidal rate, survival, survival rate, incidence of disease, and price control. For example, at least one of gray mold, powdery mildew, and strawberry anthracnose described in the following examples, and aphids such as cotton aphid, Tetranychus kanzawai, and Tetranychus urticae It is at least one of the pests belonging to the genus Tetranychus, and the ability to control pests and diseases can be evaluated. Such a mutant strain can be obtained by a strain obtained by naturally mutating a yellow-blue fungus Yuri-01 strain or a mutant Penicillium sp. Yuri 12 strain, or a mutation of a chemical mutation-9-200948274 or ultraviolet light. The strains were obtained by screening strains having the same pest control ability as the yellow-blue bacterium Yuri-ΟΙ or the Penicillium fuliginea Yuri-12 strain. In the following, the strains of the yellow-breasted strain Yuri-01, the mutant Penicillium sp. Yuri-12, and the strains of these strains, and the strains having the same pest control ability as these strains are simply referred to as "yellow-blue fungus Yuri". -01 strain and the mutant Penicillium sp. Yuri-12. The yellow-blue fungus Yuri-01 strain and the mutant Penicillium sp. Yuri-12 strain can be cultured by the method used for the culture of the genus genus genus and the genus Penicillium. For example, the culture can be carried out by a liquid culture method such as a reciprocating liquid culture or a table-type culture apparatus (Jar-fermenter) culture cultured in a liquid medium or a solid culture method of solid medium culture. In order to obtain a good spore yield of the yellow-brown bacterium Yuri-01 strain or the genus Penicillium sp. Yuri-12 strain, it is suitable for use in a solid culture method. The culture conditions are preferably aeration, stirring, vibration, etc., under aerobic conditions, and the culture temperature is preferably 20 to 40 °C. The culture period is preferably 3 to 60 days, and is preferably 3 to 20 days. As a viewpoint of the preservability of the pest control product, the yellow-blue fungus Yuri-oi strain and the mutant Penicillium sp. Yuri-12 strain are preferably spores. Therefore, in order to form spores, it is preferable to adjust the culture medium composition, the pH of the culture medium, the culture humidity, and the oxygen concentration during the culture to the conditions suitable for the spore formation at the end of the culture. In the liquid culture method, potato dextrose medium or Sabouraud medium or the like is used. In the solid culture method, solid materials such as cereals, bran, soybean residue, etc., cereals, bran, soybean residue, etc., solid materials, or solid carriers such as clay minerals containing nutrient sources, etc., can be used. A medium containing a sugar or a nitrogen source, etc., as needed. Although the obtained culture can be used as it is, it can be used by crushing or fine cutting as needed, and the spore can be used as a main body from the culture. Alternatively, the cells may be isolated from the culture by a liquid such as water or oil, and the original state or concentrate may be used. The following is generally referred to as "culture". The pest control agent of the present invention is usually formed by mixing with at least one strain selected from the group consisting of the yellow-brown bacterium Yuri-οΐ strain and the mutant Penicillium sp. Yuri-12. Lxl〇6~lxl〇12cfu/g is preferably made of ΙχΙΟ7~ΐχίο11 cfu/g. The pest control agent of the present invention contains the above culture, preferably 0.1 to 99.9% by mass, more preferably 1.0 to 50.0% by mass. The pest control agent of the present invention may be used in addition to the yellow-blue fungus Yuri-01 strain and the mutant Penicillium sp. Yuri-12 strain as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired. Any such ingredients may be included for the purpose of formulation, quality, and the like. As the optional component used in the pest control agent of the present invention, for example, the following components can be mentioned. For example, as a bulking agent, a solid carrier may use kaolin clay, pyrophyllite Clay, bentonite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, synthetic barium hydroxide, acid white clay, talc, clay, ceramics. Mineral fine powder of quartz, sericite, vermiculite, bead iron, large grain stone, anthracite, limestone, coal, zeolite, etc.; salt, carbonate-11 - 200948274 salt, sulfate, nitrate, urea, etc. Inorganic compounds; rice husks, alfalfa, crab shells, shrimp shells, krill micro powder, rice bran, wheat flour, corn cobs, groundnut shells, bone meal, fish meal, lotus root starch, wood flour, carbon, smoked carbon, bark carbon 'Micro-organic powders of rice husk, carbon, muddy moss, attapulgite, dried manure, activated carbon, oil sputum, starch and hydrolysate; L-sorbitol, lactose, maltose, glucosamine, Soluble extenders such as oligosaccharides. Water, vegetable oil, animal oil, mineral oil, synthetic water-soluble polymer, and the like can be used. In addition, for the purpose of tackifying, bonding, dispersing, etc., it may be used as a supplement for casein, gelatin, acacia, alginic acid, cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, sanxian gum, chitin. Natural polysaccharides such as chitosan or the like; polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylic acids, bentonites, etc., and for the purpose of preventing freezing, etc., if necessary, glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol may be contained. . For the purpose of dispersing stability, preventing aggregation, emulsification, etc., an anionic, cationic, amphoteric or the like surfactant may be contained as needed. The pest control agent of the present invention can be formulated into a form which is practically easy to use. That is, according to the usual preparation method of the preparation, it can be formulated into a wettable powder, a powder, a granule, an emulsion, a suspending agent, a coating agent and the like, as needed, together with various optional ingredients. For example, a wettable powder or a powder is applied to a solid carrier as described above, and can be produced by mixing or pulverizing a surfactant such as the above-mentioned surfactant or a stabilizer. -12- 200948274 For example, the granules can be produced by granulating, as needed, by mixing or pulverizing a surfactant such as the above-mentioned surfactant or a stable quality component. For example, the emulsion is a liquid carrier such as vegetable oil, animal oil, mineral oil, or the like, and may be produced by emulsifying or dispersing a surfactant such as the above-mentioned surfactant as needed, and mixing or pulverizing and mixing to obtain a stable quality component. For example, the suspending agent is for the purpose of viscosifying the above-mentioned auxiliary agent in water, for the purpose of preventing freezing of the above-mentioned diol, etc., for the purpose of dispersing the above-mentioned surfactant, etc., and by mixing or pulverizing It can be manufactured by mixing ingredients that are stable in quality. For example, the coating agent can be produced by adding or mixing a supplementary agent to a liquid carrier such as water or oil, and forming a sol or a gel. The disease control agent of the present invention can be used for controlling diseases such as Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia _ sclerotiorum, powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis, grape powdery mildew) Uncinula necator), Sphaerotheca humuli, Erysiphe pisi, Sphaerotheca pannosa, Erysiphe cichoracearum, Sphaerotheca fuliginea, Apple powdery mildew (Podosphaera) Leucotricha)) and so on. Although these diseases occur in various plants, the plants to be applied are not particularly limited. Other examples include, for example, rice fever (Pyricularia oryzae), flax leaf blight (Cochlibolus miyabeanus), blight (Rhizoctonia -13-200948274 solani), Erwinia herbicola, and wheat red mold (Gibberella zeae). ), Cladosporium fulvum, Mycovellosiella nattrasii, Strawberry anthracnose (Glomerella cingulata,

C ο 11 etotrichumacutatum), D ip 1 ocarp ο nrosae, embroidered disease (Puccinia striiformis, Puccinia gramini s), Puccinia recondite, Puccinia hordei Phakopsora Ampelopsidis, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Typhula sp., Micronectriella nivalis, Ustilago tritici (U. nuda), Tilletia caries, Pseudocercosporella Herpotrichoides), R hynchosporium secalis, Septoria tritici, Curvularia geniculata, Helminthosporium-hagare-byo, Leptosphaeria nodorum, citrus black spot disease (Diaporthe citri), scab ( Elsinoe fawcetti), Penicillium digitatum (P.italicum), Sclerotinia mali, Valsa mali, Alternaria mali, and black star disease ), peach black spot disease (Cladosporium carpophilum), pear black star Disease (Venturia nashicola, V. pirina), Alternaria kikuchiana, Gymnosporangium haraeanum 'Sclerotinia cinerea, fruit rot (Phomopsis sp.), grape black mark (Elsinoe ampelina) ), late rot (Glomerella cingulata), black rot (Guignardia bidwellii), dew disease (Plasmopara viti cola), cucurbitaceae disease-14- 200948274

(Pseudoperonospora cubensis), Peronospora tabacina, Gloeosporium kaki, deciduous disease (Cercospora kaki, Mycosphaerella nawae), Colletotrichum lagenarium, Mycosphaerella melonis, Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium sp.; Alternaria solani, Cladosporium fulvum, Phytophthora infestans, Phytophthora sp .), Phytophthora nicotianae, Phomopsis vexans, Alternaria japonica, Cercosporella brassicae, Puccinia allii, Soybean plaque Disease (Cercospora kikuchii), Elsinoe glycines, Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae, Colletotrichum lindemthianum, Cercospora personata, Cercospora arachidicola, Potato early blight (Alternaria solani), tea net cake disease (Exobasidium reticu Latum), Elsinoe leucospila, Alternaria longipes, Colletotrichum tabacum, Colletotrichum graminicola, Cercospora beticola, Diplocarpon rosae, Chrysanthemum Disease (Septoria chrysanthemi-indici), Pucinia horiana, Sclerotinia homeocarpa, Ceratobasidium spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Typhula incarnate Typhula ishikariensis), red snow rot (Monographella nivalis), Pythium disease (Pythium -15- 200948274 spp.), brown spot disease and Rhizoctonia solani, etc. It can be used to prevent pests caused by pests such as the following. Thrips palmi, Frankliniella occidentalis, Thrips hawaiiensis, Thrips tabaci, Thrips setosusu, etc. Aphis gossypium, such as Frankliniella intonsa, Scyltothrips dorsalis, horses and horses, etc.; Aphis gossypii, Myzus Persicae), such as aphids, Plautia crossota, Nezara antennata, and greenhouse mealworms (1'1: 丨&161111〇(163 vaporariorum), Tobacco mealworm (Bemisia tabaci) Hemiptera pests such as the whitefly, such as Bemisia argentifolli; the moth, Hepula undalis, Spodoptera litura, and Mazestra brasicae Such as the genus Moth, the leaf moth, such as the Adoxophyes honmai, the locust moth, such as the Carposina niponensis, and the larvae of the genus Lyonetia clerkella. Golden moth (Phyllonorycte) R ringoniella), such as the moth, Plutella xylostella, etc., the moth, the moth, the moth, the Hyphantria cunea, the moth, the moth, the heartworm Lepidoptera pests; Liriomyza trifolii, Liriomyza 200948274 bryoniae, Liriomyza sativae, Liriomyza asterivora, Liriomyza asterivora, Liriomyza asterivora (Chromatomyia horticola), such as leaf larvae, house mosquitoes, Japanese Aedes, malaria, larvae, housefly, black fly, flies, Bactrocera cucurbitae, etc. Diptera pests such as flies, flower flies, mites, fruit flies, moths, mites, mites, thorns, etc.; Tetranychus urticae, Shen Ze's leaf s Tetranychus Kanzawai), such as Tetranychus, Panonychus citri, etc., Panonychus, Bryobia praetiosa, etc., Ceylon pseudo-leaf touch (Brevipalpus obovatus) and other pseudo-leaf extracts, Panyu Aphid, such as Aculops lycopersici, such as the fine-grained species such as the genus Polyphagosonemus latus, and the powdered species such as Tyrophagus putrescentiae; Bovine (Anoplophora malasiaca), Phytoecia rufiventris, etc., Atrachya menetriesi, Psylliodes angusticollis, etc., Epilachna vigintioctomaculata, Festival II A larvae such as a ladybug, an Anemala cuprea, an Ai oma 1 arufocuprea, or a weevil such as a Listroderes costirostris, such as Epilachna vigintioctopunctata. Coleoptera pests such as the leaf-like weevil; Hymenoptera pests such as the leaf bee of Arde pagana, etc.-17- 200948274 Aphid orthodontic pests such as aphids. The pest control agent of the present invention is suitably used for at least one selected from the group consisting of gray mold, powdery mildew, grassberry anthracnose, and a pest selected from the group consisting of a genus of genus and a pest belonging to the genus Tetranychus. The plant to which the above-mentioned diseases and insect pests are to be produced is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include rice, wheat, soybean, fruit trees, eggplants, and cucumbers cultivated in greenhouse facilities, apples, and the like. Tomatoes, strawberries, green peppers and other fruits and vegetables, spinach, cabbage, cabbage, lettuce, onions, leeks and other leafy vegetables, carrots, yam and other root vegetables, peas, broad beans, sensitive beans and other beans, roses, chrysanthemums, carnations , such as flowers and trees such as cherry blossoms and camellia, and foliage plants such as begonias. The pest control agent of the present invention can be applied to agricultural and horticultural plants for the purpose of preventing various diseases and insect pests as described above. For example, it can be applied to seeds, plants, cultivated soil, etc. This method is appropriately selected depending on the dosage form, the occurrence period of the disease, the place of occurrence, and the like. Specific application methods include, for example, seed immersion treatment, seed coating treatment, seed smearing treatment, seed coating (including spray) treatment, soil dispersion (including spray) treatment, soil mixed application, soil infusion application, and seedling box perfusion. Application, application of the bottom part of the plant, dispersion of a part of the ground, distribution of solids on the ground, and the like. In addition, the 'application time' does not damage the scope of the pest control agent of the present invention' can also be combined with the application of fungicides, insecticides, nematicides, acaricides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, fertilizers, soil improvement materials. Etc., or unmixed, applied simultaneously, or simultaneously. -18-200948274 [Embodiment] Example <Manufacturing Example 1> Production of a blue-shaped spore using bran in a petri dish 'inoculum of a yellow-blue bacterium Yuri_〇l strain, and solid culture at 30 ° C 10 day. After the completion of the culture, the culture was dried, and the dried culture was sieved to remove the bran to obtain a yellow-brown-containing Yuri-01 spore powder (4 x 10 cfu/g).制造 <Production Example 2> The production of the stellate bacterium was carried out using the spore powder containing the yellow-blue bacterium Yuri-01 obtained in the above Production Example 1, and the raw material was mixed so that the ratio was 10% by mass of the spore powder and 5% by mass. As a surfactant, SORPOL5082 (manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), 45% by mass of a clay mineral (kappa clay: manufactured by Katsugaya Mining Co., Ltd.), and 40% by mass of glucosamine (Kawazu Aquatic Chemical Co., Ltd.) The honing pulverizer was used, and mixing and pulverization were carried out to obtain a mashing agent (4 x 108 cfu/g) of Production Example 2. <Production Example 3> Production of Penicillium spores Bran was cultured in a petri dish, and the inoculum of the Penicillium fuliginea Yuri-12 strain was inoculated therein, and cultured at 30 ° C for 10 days. After the completion of the culture, the culture was dried, and the dried culture was sieved to remove the bran to obtain a spore powder containing Penicillium pulcherrima Yuri-12 (2.6 x 109 cfu/g). <Production Example 4> Production of Penicillium Spores-19-200948274 The spore powder containing Penicillium pulcherrimii Yuri_12 obtained in the above Production Example 3 was mixed, and the raw material was mixed so that the ratio was 10% by mass of the spore-containing powder and 5% by mass. As a surfactant, SORPOL5082 (manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), 45% by mass of a clay mineral (K clay: manufactured by Seikagaku Mining Co., Ltd.) and 40% by mass of glucosamine (manufactured by Yaizu Aquatic Chemical Co., Ltd.) The preparation of Preparation Example 4 (4 x 108 cfu/g) was obtained by mixing and pulverizing using a honing mill. <Example 1> Insecticidal effect of cotton aphid The sterilized non-woven fabric was passed through a 1.5 cm slit of a plastic cover having a diameter of 9 cm, and was placed in a cup, and sterilized water was added to the cup to be covered. A 2 cm piece of gherkin leaves were placed on the non-woven water-absorbing cloth, and 30 cotton aphid adults were placed. Cover the same size cup from above and incubate for 24 hours in a constant temperature chamber at 23 °C. Then, the preparations of Production Example 2 and Production Example 4 were each diluted with tap water to a ratio of 100%, and dispersed. After air-drying at room temperature, it was again covered with a cup and allowed to stand in a constant temperature room for 4 days. The dead rate (%) was calculated by using a non-distributed area in which only tap water was distributed as a control. The results are shown in Table 1. [Table 1] Table 1 Dead insect rate in the spread area (%) Formulation spread area of Production Example 2 Formulation spread area of Production Example 4 No spread area 0 -20- 200948274 Any of the preparations of Production Example 2 and Production Example 4 Both show the insecticidal effect of cotton aphid. <Example 2> The control effect of A. striata was carried out using 10 strawberry seedlings (variety: 姬姬) cultivated in a diameter of 9 cm. Place 2 to 3 leaves of each female on the leaves of the parasitic goddess of the genus Eriocheir sinensis. Raspberry leaves are cultivated in an artificial meteorological machine at 23 °C. In the example 2 and the production example 40, the obtained preparation was diluted to 1 time with tap water, and the whole plant was spray-sprayed to obtain an amount of 300 L/10a. As a control group, a non-dispersion zone and a Tebufenpyrad emulsion dispersion zone (Pyranica EW, manufactured by Japan Caoda Co., Ltd.) were placed as a chemical agent zone. Three days after the spread and five days later, the number of female adults parasitic on the three compound leaves of each plant was investigated for the whole plant, and the average number of female adults per plant was determined. The results are shown in Table 2. [Table 2] ❹ Table 2 The average female adult per plant in the distribution area is distributed 3 times before spreading, and there is no distribution area after spreading 5 4.9 7.2 7.2 15.3 Preparation area of the preparation example 2 5.1 2.1 1.3 Preparation area of the preparation example 4 4.7 1.2 0.5 Defenir Dispersion Area 5.5 0.2 0.0 No distribution area The average number of female adults increased with the number of days, but in the preparation area of Production Example 2 and Production Example 4, after spreading for 3 days, Ping-21 - 200948274 The number of female adults was significantly reduced, and it decreased even after 5 days of spreading. After 5 days of spreading, the number of female adults is reduced to a level close to that of the Fenry scatter area. From the above, the pest control agent of the present invention is excellent in the control effect of the genus Astragalus membranaceus, and the effect is comparable. The chemical agents such as Finn are comparable. <Example 3> Control effect of tomato gray mold The tomato (variety: house Moutaro) was subjected to 3 repetitions in 4 square meters. The preparations of Examples 2 and 4 were each diluted to 1,000 times with tap water, and dispersed in a whole tomato at a ratio of 7 days, using a shoulder-mounted sprayer, to a ratio of 305 L/10a, for a total of three times. As a control group, a non-dispersion zone and a 1000-fold dilution zone of Iprodione hydrating agent (Robural, manufactured by Bayercropscience) as a chemical agent zone were provided. Before each spread, count the number of fruits in the whole plant and the number of fruits in the gray emblem disease. The cumulative fruit count and the cumulative fruit count were obtained after 7 days from the final spread to the final survey. From this, the cumulative disease fruit rate was calculated, and the control price was calculated according to the following formula. The results are shown in Table 3. Control price = (cumulative disease rate in non-distribution area - cumulative disease rate in dispersal area) / cumulative disease rate in non-distribution area χΙΟΟ [Table 3] -22- 200948274 Table 3 Accumulated disease rate in dispersal area (%) Control price-free distribution area 34.4 Preparation area of preparation 2 Dispersion area 4.6 86.6 Preparation area of preparation 4 Dispersion area 3.3 90.4 Yipu hydration agent dispersion area 1.1 96.8 累积 The cumulative disease rate of non-distribution area is 34.4%, but spread manufacturing The cumulative incidence rates of the preparation areas of Example 2 and Production Example 4 were 4 6% and 3 · 3%, respectively. In particular, the formulation of Production Example 4 has an anti-depreciation comparable to that of the hydrated hydrating agent. From the above, it is understood that the pest control agent of the present invention is excellent in the control effect against gray mold. <Example 4> Control effect of strawberry anthracnose © Preparing 30 strawberry seedlings. A strawberry aphid (Glomerella cingulata) suspension was pre-sprayed to cause the diseased strawberry strain to be placed between the test plants as a source of disease. In addition, in order to promote the onset of disease, 3 L/m2 of water is infused from the top every morning and evening. The distribution was spread 3 times in a total of 7 days. The preparations of Production Example 2 and Production Example 4 were diluted 1000 times with tap water, and dispersed in a whole plant using a shoulder-mounted sprayer to have a ratio of 300 L/10a. As a control group, a non-dispersion zone and a 500-fold dilution dispersion area of a Propineb granule hydrating agent (Antorakol granule hydrating agent, manufactured by Bayercropscience Co., Ltd.) were placed. -23- 200948274 After the final spread for 7 days, investigate the incidence rate (%) and calculate the control price according to the following formula. The results are shown in Table 4.

Control price = (the rate of diseased plants in the non-distributed area - the rate of diseased plants in the scattered area) / the rate of diseased plants in the non-distributed area xlOO

[Table 4] Table 4 Dispersion area Disease rate (%) Control price No distribution area 83.9 Preparation area of preparation example 23.4 72.1 Preparation area of preparation example 27.6 67.1 Methyl zinc Naipu granule hydration area 0.0 100

Although the incidence rate of the non-distributed area was 83.9%, the cumulative incidence rate of the preparation areas of the production example 2 and the production example 4 was 23.4% and Q 2 7.6%, respectively. As apparent from the above, the pest control agent of the present invention is excellent in the control effect against anthrax. <Example 5> The control effect of strawberry powdery mildew and the two-spotted spider mites. The strawberry seedlings planted in late September were prepared in three replicates of 20 plants. The drug dispersion was carried out at intervals of 7 days 'total 4 times. The preparations of Production Example 2 and Production Example 4 were diluted to 1000 times with tap water. The -24-200948274 was spread over the whole plant by a shoulder sprayer to have a ratio of 300 L/10a. In addition, a 5,000-fold dilution of a spreading agent (made by Japanese pesticides, special Rino) was added. In addition, as a control group, a dispersion-free zone and a triflumizole hydrating agent (Torifumin hydrating agent, manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.) as a chemical agent dispersing zone, and a Tebufenpyrad emulsion were provided. Pyranica EW, manufactured by Japan Soda Co., Ltd.) 2000 times dilution dispersion area. Further, in the case of such scattering, the spreading agent φ is similarly added. After the final spread for 7 days, investigations were carried out regarding the occurrence of pests and diseases. Regarding powdery mildew, for 3 compound leaves of 10 plants, the price of the diseased leaflets (%) was calculated. With regard to the two-spotted spider mites, the number of insects parasitizing the three compound leaves of 10 plants was counted, and the average number of female adults per one was determined. The results are shown in Table 5. The price of the disease is shown in Table 5. (The rate of small leaflets in the area where there is no dispersal area - the rate of small leaflets in the scattered area) / The rate of small leaf in the area without scattered area xl 〇〇❹ [Table 5] Table 5 Two spots of powdery mildew in the scattered area螨 incidence of small leaf rate (%) control price per female average number of female adults without dispersing area 58.8 35.3 Preparation of the preparation of 2 dispersion area 6.8 88.4 3.6 Preparation of the preparation of the preparation area of the distribution area 12.1 79.4 2.0 Defenrui emulsion distribution area 19.1 67.5 0.4 The powdery mildew control price of the preparation zone of Production Example 2 and Production Example 4 was -258.4, 79.4, respectively, which was 88.4, 79.4, which showed a higher enthalpy than the Fenfred emulsion dispersion zone. In addition, the average number of female adults of the two-spotted spider mites is also small. From the above, it can be seen that the pest control agent of the present invention is excellent in the control effect against powdery mildew and the control effect of the two-spotted spider mites. Industrial Applicability The pests and diseases of the present invention The control agent has the effect of controlling diseases and insect pests occurring in a wide range of agricultural and horticultural plants. In particular, it is effective against the diseases of gray mold and powdery mildew caused by various agricultural and horticultural plants, and is also effective against strawberry anthracnose, and is also suitable for controlling aphids, sage, and two leafhoppers. a genus (Tetranychus) pest. -26-

Claims (1)

200948274 VII. Patent application scope: 1. A pest control agent for agricultural and horticultural plants, characterized by Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain (BCRC 930120) and Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 The strain (BCRC 930121), and variants of the strains, contain at least one strain selected from the group having the same pest control ability as the strains. 2. A method for controlling pests and diseases of agricultural and horticultural plants, characterized by Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain (BCRC 93 0 1 20) and Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain (BCRC 930121) And variants of such strains, at least one strain selected from the group consisting of strains having the same pest control ability as the strains, is used in agricultural and horticultural plants. 3. A pest control agent characterized by Talaromyces flavus Yuri-0 1 strain (BCRC 93 0 1 20). 4. A pest control agent' characterized by Penicillium v e r m i c u 1 a t u m Y u r i -1 2 strain (B C R C 9 3 0 1 2 1 ). -27- 200948274 IV. Designation of Representative Representatives: (1) The representative representative of the case is: None (2) Simple description of the symbol of the representative figure··No _ 200948274 V. If there is a chemical formula in this case, please reveal the chemical formula that best shows the characteristics of the invention: none -4-