JP2009221132A - Agent for controlling disease and insect damage for agricultural/horticultural plants - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a microorganism having an excellent ability for controlling disease damages and insect damages (disease and insect damages) occurring in plants over a wide range, to provide an agent for controlling disease and insect damages for agricultural/horticultural plants by using the same, and to provide a method of controlling disease and insect damages in agricultural/horticultural plants. <P>SOLUTION: At least one member selected from Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain (FERM AP-21455), Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain (FERM AP-21456) and variants of these strains having an ability for controlling disease and insect damages equal to those of these strains is applied to agricultural/horticultural plants. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria and insects caused by pests (hereinafter collectively referred to as “disease damage”) that occur during cultivation periods and damage plants in cultivation scenes of agricultural and horticultural plants such as institutional horticulture and open field cultivation. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a microorganism for controlling cereals, a preparation containing the microorganism, and a method for controlling diseases and pests of agricultural and horticultural plants using the microorganism.

In stable production of agricultural and horticultural plants, it is essential to control diseases and insects that occur during the cultivation period.
In recent years, the realization of sustainable agriculture in consideration of the environment has been promoted nationwide, and in addition to the conventional pesticide-based control measures, mainly microorganisms that have been isolated from nature and prevent the occurrence of pest damage As a result, microbial pesticides have come to the spotlight.
In addition, since microbial pesticides are often effective against resistant acquired pests and resistant bacteria that are generated by continuous use of the above chemical pesticides, they are becoming indispensable in the cultivation system and have new capabilities. There is a need for a pest control agent that utilizes sucrose.

Microbial pesticides have already been developed and sold for the purpose of controlling disease or insect damage and reducing damage caused by disease or insect damage (Non-patent Document 1). For example, a microbial pesticide utilizing filamentous fungi has been developed, and specifically, a Tallomyces spp. Having an antagonistic action against strawberry anthracnose has been discovered (Patent Document 1). In addition, an agricultural and horticultural insecticide containing a substance produced by Penicillium citrinum F1593 is known (Patent Document 2). However, the Talamomyces spp. And Penicillium spp. Which have the action of controlling both diseases and pests (pests) are not known.
On the other hand, a pest control microbial pesticide containing Verticillium regani is known as a microbial pesticide that controls both disease and insect damage (pest damage) (Patent Document 3). However, the disease that can be controlled by this pesticide is only wheat disease, and there is a problem that the applicable plant is restricted.

Biological pesticide + pheromone guide book 2006 (Japan Plant Protection Association) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-229872 JP 2005-176684 A JP 2006-169115 A

  The present invention provides a microorganism having an excellent ability to control diseases and insect damage (pest damage) that occur in a wide range of plants, an agricultural and horticultural plant disease control agent using the same, and an agricultural and horticultural plant disease and insect control method. Is an issue.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have intensively studied. As a result, a microorganism having excellent ability to control pests and insects occurring in a wide range of agricultural and horticultural plants was discovered, and it was found that this microorganism could be used to control pests and diseases of agricultural and horticultural plants, thereby completing the present invention. That is, the present invention is as follows.

(1) Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain (FERM AP-21455),
Contains at least one selected from Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 (FERM AP-21456) and variants of these strains that have the same ability to control pests and diseases as these strains A pest control agent for agricultural and horticultural plants (hereinafter referred to as “the pest control agent of the present invention”).
(2) Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain (FERM AP-21455), Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain (FERM AP-21456), and variants of these strains A method for controlling pests of agricultural and horticultural plants, comprising applying at least one selected from bacterial strains having the same ability to control pests and diseases as those of these strains to agricultural and horticultural plants.
(3) Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain (FERM AP-21455). (4) Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain (FERM AP-21456).

  The pest control agent of the present invention has an effect of controlling diseases and insect damage that occur in a wide range of agricultural and horticultural plants. In particular, it is effective in controlling strawberry anthracnose and other diseases in addition to diseases such as gray mold and powdery mildew that occur in various agricultural and horticultural plants, and belongs to the Tetranychus genus (Tetranychus) such as aphids, kanzawa spider mites, and spider mites. Suitable for pest control.

The pest control agent of the present invention is characterized by containing one or both of Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain and Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain. “Pest control” refers to inhibiting the occurrence and progression of insect damage caused by insect pests or pathogens.
Talalomyces flavus and Penicillium vermiculatum have a relationship between the complete generation and the incomplete generation. Penicillium vermiculatam is also called Penicillium dangeardii.
Here, the Tallaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain includes its incomplete generation strain, and the Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain includes its full generation strain.

The Talalomyces flavus Yuri-01 strain was isolated from a plant body in Japan in July 2005, specifically from the back of the leaf. On December 4, 2007, the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Deposited at the biological deposit center with receipt number FERM AP-21455. Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain was isolated from a plant body in Japan in July 2005, specifically from the back of the leaf. On December 4, 2007, an independent administrative agency. Deposited at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Patent Biological Deposit Center as receipt number FERM AP-21456.
The Tallalomyces flavus Yuri-01 strain was identified by DSMZ. The characteristics of the colony were as follows.
Czapek-yeast extract medium at 25 ° C, 7 mm diameter, 30 mm diameter, granular and light yellow, mycelium is yellow, conidia growth ability is weak, green and reddish brown leachate is small. The back of the plate is orange. The shape of the pupa is made up of strongly intertwined mycelia. The child's cocoon base is tightly wrapped around the straight basin. Mature in 2 weeks. The ascospore is yellow, oval, 4 × 3μm, and the entire surface is stabbed. Conidial pattern is generated from aerial hyphae, thin film, smooth surface. Small infarction is 10-18μm, needle-like. The conidia are oval, 2.5-3μm, smooth.
From these characteristics, the Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain was identified as Talaromyces flavus (Kloecker) Solk & Samson.
The Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain was identified by DSMZ. The characteristics of the colony were as follows.
On a malt extract medium at 25 ° C for 7 days, 30mm diameter, felt and yellow. Mycelium is yellow. The conidia growth ability is weak and grayish green. No leachate. The back of the plate is brown orange. The conidia pattern is
Produced short from aerial hyphae, thin, smooth, bicyclic. Small infarction is 10-12 μm in needle shape. Conidia form is smooth, oval with thick wall, approximately 3μm, almost spherical. As for the shape of the child spermatozoon, the spermatozoon tightly wraps around the base of the straight structure. There are no ascending mycelia.
Based on these characteristics, the Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain was identified as Penicillium vermiculatum Dangeard.

In the pest control agent of the present invention, a strain of Talalomyces flavus Yuri-01 strain or Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain, which has the same disease and pest control ability as these strains, can also be used. . "Pest control ability" refers to the ability to suppress the occurrence and progression of insect damage caused by pests or pathogens. The ability to control pests can be evaluated by the number of insects killed, the insecticidal rate, the number of survivors, the survival rate, the incidence of diseases, the control value, and the like. For example, at least one of the diseases of gray mold, powdery mildew, strawberry anthracnose, and aphids such as cotton aphid, pests belonging to Tetranychus such as spider mite and urticae as described in the following examples What is necessary is just to evaluate pest control ability about one.
Such mutant strains can be obtained by spontaneously mutating the Talalomyces flavus Yuri-01 strain or Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain, or by mutation treatment with chemical mutagens, ultraviolet rays, etc. The strains can be obtained by selecting a strain having the same ability to control pests as the Tallaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain or Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain.
Hereinafter, “Talalomyces flavus Yuri-01 strain, Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain, and mutants thereof having a disease-controlling ability equivalent to these strains” are simply referred to as “Talalomyces flavus Yuri-01”. Strain and Penicillium Vermiculatam Yuri-12 ”.

The Talalomyces flavus Yuri-01 strain and Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain can be cultured by the methods used for culturing the genera Talaromyces and Penicillium, respectively. For example, the cells can be cultured by a liquid culture method such as reciprocating liquid culture or jar fermenter culture that is cultured in a liquid medium, or a solid culture method that is cultured in a solid medium. In order to produce spores of the Talalomyces flavus Yuri-01 strain or Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain with high yield, a solid culture method is more preferably used. The culture conditions are preferably aerobic under conditions such as aeration, agitation, and shaking, and the culture temperature is preferably 20 to 40 ° C. The culture period is preferably 3 to 60 days, particularly preferably 3 to 20 days.
The Talalomyces flavus Yuri-01 strain and Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain are preferably spores from the viewpoint of storage stability as a disease control product. Therefore, in order to form spores, the culture conditions such as the composition of the medium, the pH of the medium, the culture temperature, the culture humidity, and the oxygen concentration during the cultivation are adapted to the spore formation conditions, if necessary, at the end of the culture. It is preferable to adjust so that it may be made.

  In the liquid culture method, a potato dextrose medium, a Sabouraud medium, or the like is used. In solid culture methods, cereals such as rice, wheat, corn, and soybeans, solid components derived from cereals such as bran and soy bean, and solid carriers such as clay minerals that contain nutrients, sugars and nitrogen as needed A medium containing a source or the like can be used.

  The obtained culture may be used as it is, but may be used after being crushed or shredded as necessary. Further, spores may be mainly recovered from this culture with a sieve or the like. Alternatively, the cells may be separated from the culture with a liquid such as water or oil and used as it is or after concentration. Hereinafter, these may be collectively referred to as “culture”.

The pest control agent of the present invention is preferably 1 × 10 ⁶ to 1 × 10 ¹² cfu, and at least one selected from the Tallaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain and Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain as a normal colony forming unit. / G, more preferably 1 × 10 ⁷ to 1 × 10 ¹¹ cfu / g.

  The pest control agent of the present invention preferably contains 0.1 to 99.9% by mass, more preferably 1.0 to 50.0% by mass of the culture.

In addition to the Tallalomyces flavus Yuri-01 strain and Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain, the pest control agent of the present invention should be added and used as an optional component as long as it does not interfere with the effects of the present invention. Can do. Such optional components can be contained as needed for the purpose of formulation, quality stabilization, and the like.

  As an arbitrary component used for the disease control agent of this invention, the following components are mentioned, for example.

  For example, as a bulking agent, kaolin clay, pyroferrite clay, bentonite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, synthetic silicon hydroxide, acid clay, talc, clay, ceramic, quartz, sericite, vermiculite, pearlite, Otani stone, anthra Mineral fine powder such as stone, limestone, coal stone, zeolite; inorganic compounds such as salt, carbonate, sulfate, nitrate, urea; rice husk, bran, crab shell, shrimp shell, krill fine powder, rice bran, wheat flour, Corn cob, peanut husk, bone meal, fish meal, rice cake powder, wood powder, charcoal, kun charcoal, bark charcoal, rice husk kun charcoal, grass charcoal, peat moss, attapulgite, dry animal manure, activated carbon, oil cake, starch and hydrolysates thereof Organic fine powders; soluble in D-sorbitol, lactose, maltose, glucosamine, oligosaccharides, etc. It can be used amount agent. As the liquid carrier, water, vegetable oil, animal oil, mineral oil, synthetic water-soluble polymer and the like can be used.

  In addition, natural polysaccharides such as casein, gelatin, gum arabic, alginic acid, celluloses, carboxymethylcellulose, xanthan gum, chitins, chitosans, etc. as necessary are added; polyvinyl alcohols; polyacrylic acids; bentonite, etc. For the purpose of viscosity, fixation, dispersion, etc., it can be contained as required.

  In addition, dihydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol can be included as necessary for the purpose of preventing freezing.

  Anionic, cationic, and amphoteric surfactants can be included as necessary for the purpose of dispersion stability, prevention of aggregation, emulsification, and the like.

  The pest control agent of the present invention can be formulated into a form that is actually easy to use. That is, it can be formulated into a wettable powder, a powder, a granule, an emulsion, a flowable agent, a coating agent, and the like together with various optional components as required according to a normal preparation method.

  For example, wettable powders and powders can be produced by mixing or pulverizing and mixing the above-described surfactant and quality-stabilizing components as necessary with the above-described solid carrier.

  For example, the granule can be produced by mixing or pulverizing and mixing the above-described surfactant and quality-stabilizing component with the solid carrier as described above, and further granulating it.

  For example, an emulsion is mixed or pulverized with a liquid carrier such as vegetable oil, animal oil, mineral oil, etc., for the purpose of emulsifying and dispersing the surfactant as described above, as well as with components for stabilizing quality. Can be manufactured.

  For example, the flowable agent is for the purpose of thickening the above-mentioned auxiliary agent in water, for the purpose of preventing the freezing of the above-mentioned dihydric alcohol, etc., and for the purpose of dispersing the above-described surfactant, etc. Moreover, it can manufacture by mixing or grind | pulverizing and mixing the component which stabilizes quality.

  For example, the coating agent can be produced by adding an auxiliary agent to a liquid carrier such as water or oil and mixing them to form a sol or gel.

The pest control agent of the present invention can be used to control the following diseases.
Examples include gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), mycorrhizal disease (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis, Uncinula necator, Sphaerotheca humuli, Erysiphe pisi, Sphaerotheca pannosa, Erysiphe cichoracearum, Sphaerothetrica fuliginea, leuerothetrica fuliginea These diseases occur in various plants, but the applied plants are not particularly limited.
In addition, rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae), sesame leaf blight (Cochliobolus miyabeanus), blight (Rhizoctonia solani), brown rot (Erwinia herbicola), wheat leaf blight (Gibberella zeae), tomato Leaf mold (Cladosporium fulvum), eggplant soy mold (Mycovellosiella nattrasii), strawberry anthracnose (Glomerella cingulata, Colletotrichum acutatum), rose scab (Diplocarpon rosae), rust (Puccinia striiformis, Puccinia graminis) , Puccinia hordei, Phakopsora ampelopsidis, Phakopsora pachyrhizi), snow rot (Typhula sp., Micronectriella nivalis), naked smut (Ustilago tritici, U. nuda), maggot scab (Tilletia caries), and eyelid disease (Pseudocercospes) , Cloud disease (Rhynchosporium secalis), leaf blight (Septoria tritici, Curvularia geniculata, Helminthosporium-hagare-byo), blight (Leptosphaeria nodorum), citrus black spot ( Diaporthe citri), common scab (Elsinoe fawcetti), fruit rot (Penicillium digitatum, P. italicum), apple monilia (Sclerotinia mali), rot (Valsa mali), spotted leaf (Alternaria mali), black scab (Venturia inaequalis, Cladosporium carpophilum), pear black spot disease (Venturia nashicola, V. pirina), black spot disease (Alternaria kikuchiana), red star disease (Gymnosporangium)
haraeanum), peach blight (Sclerotinia cinerea), fomopsis rot (Phomopsis)
sp.), grape black scab (Elsinoe ampelina), late rot (Glomerella cingulata), black lot disease (Guignardia bidwellii), downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola, Pseudoperonospora cubensis, Peronospora tabacina), oyster anthracnose (Gloeosporium) kaki), leaf fall (Cercospora kaki, Mycosphaerella nawae), cucurbit anthracnose (Colletotrichum lagenarium), vine blight (Mycosphaerella melonis), vine split (Fusarium oxysporum), seedling blight (Pythium sp.); tomato Ring rot (Alternaria solani), leaf mold (Cladosporium fulvum), plague (Phytophthora infestans, Phytophthora sp., Phytophthora nicotianae), eggplant brown spot (Phomopsis vexans), cruciferous vegetable black spot (Alternaria japonica) ), White spot disease (Cercosporella brassicae), green onion rust (Puccinia allii), soybean purpura (Cercospora kikuchii), black scab (Elsinoe glycines), black spot (Diaporthe phaseolorum var. Sojae), kidney anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemthianum), groundnut black rot (Cercospora personata), brown spot (Cercospora arachidicola), potato summer plague (Alternaria solani), tea net blast (Exobasidium reticulatum), white scab (Elsinoe leucospila), tobacco Red Star Disease (Alternaria longipes), Anthrax (Colletotrichum tabacum, Colletotrichum graminicola), Brown Spot of Sugar Beet (Cercospora beticola), Black Spot of Rose (Diplocarpon rosae), Brown Spot of Chrysanthemum (Septoria chrysanthemi)
-Indici), white rust (Puccinia horiana), turf dollar spot (Sclerotinia homeocarpa), pseudoleaf rot (Ceratobasidium spp.), Leaf rot (Rhizoctonia solani), snow rot microbe nuclei (Typhula incarnata, Examples include Typhula ishikariensis), red snow rot (Monographella nivalis), Pythium disease (Pythium spp.), Brown patch disease, and large patch disease (Rhizoctonia solani).

The pest control agent of the present invention can be used for controlling insect damage caused by the following pests.
Thrips palmos, Thrips setosusu, etc. Thrips of the genus Syltosrips such as Frankliniella, Sciltothrips dorsalis, and thrips of the order of Thripidae such as Kuda thrips;
Aphids such as cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii), Myzus persicae, stink bugs such as Plautia crossota, Nezara antennata, Trialeurodes semisia tabaci ), Hemiptera pests such as whiteflies such as silver leaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolli);
Common moths such as Hellula undalis, Japanese moths (Spodoptera litura), Japanese moths (Mamestra brasicae), Japanese oysters (Adoxophyes honmai), Japanese moths (Carposina niponensis), etc. , Chibiga such as Lyonetia clerkella, Hosoga such as Phyllonorycter ringoniella, Suga such as Plutella xylostella, Hikoga such as Japanese spiders, Iraga, Hyphantria cunea , Lepidoptera pests such as Thripidae;
Leguminous fly flies (Liriomyza trifolii), eggplant leaf flies (Liriomyza bryoniae), tomato leaf flies (Liriomyza sativae), leafworm flies (Liriomyza asterivora), leaf flies, squid flies, squid, Dipterous pests such as fly, fruit fly, fly fly, fruit fly such as Bactrocera cucurbitae, fly fly, fly fly, fruit fly, fly fly, fly fly, fly fly, sand fly, etc .;
Spider mites such as Tetraychus urticae, Tetranychus Kanzawai, Tetranychus, Panonychus citri, Panonychus, spider mites such as ova Mite, pesticides such as tomato spider mites (Aculops lycopersici), dust mites such as Polyphagotarsonemus latus, mite mites such as mites (Tyrophagus putrescentiae);
Longhorn beetle (Anoplophora malasiaca), longhorn beetle such as Phytoecia rufiventris, longhorn beetle (Atrachya menetriesi), longhorn beetle such as Psylliodes angusticollis, Ladybirds such as ladybirds (Epilachna vigintioctopunctata), scarabs such as Anomala cuprea and Anomala rufocuprea, weeviles such as Listroderes costirostris, insects such as insects
Hymenoptera pests such as wasps such as Arrange pagana;
Examples include grasshoppers such as grasshoppers.
The pest control agent of the present invention is preferably used for at least one of diseases selected from gray mold, powdery mildew, strawberry anthracnose, and pests selected from aphids and pests belonging to the genus Tetranychus. Used.

  The plant to be applied is not particularly limited as long as it is a plant that causes the above-mentioned diseases and insect damage, for example, rice, wheat, soybean, fruit trees such as mandarin oranges and apples grown in house facilities, eggplant, cucumber, Fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes, strawberries and peppers, spinach, cabbage, cabbage, leafy vegetables such as lettuce, leek and leek, root vegetables such as carrots and yams, beans such as peas, broad beans and green beans, roses, chrysanthemum, carnations, sakura, Examples include flowering trees such as camellia and foliage plants such as begonia.

  The pest control agent of the present invention can be applied to agricultural and horticultural plants for the purpose of controlling the various diseases and insect damage as described above. For example, it is applied to seeds, plant bodies, cultivated soils, etc., and the method is appropriately selected depending on the dosage form, the time of occurrence of the disease, the location of occurrence, etc. Specific application methods include, for example, seed soaking treatment, seed dressing treatment, seed application treatment, seed spraying (including spraying) treatment, soil spraying (including spraying) treatment, soil admixing application, soil irrigation application, seedling box Examples of the method include irrigation application, stock former application, above-ground liquid application, and above-ground solid application.

  Further, when applied, other fungicides, insecticides, nematicides, acaricides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, fertilizers, soil improvement materials, etc., as long as the effects of the pest control agent of the present invention are not impaired. Can be applied by mixing, or alternatively, without mixing, or by simultaneous application.

<Production Example 1> Production of Talalomyces spores Using a bran as a medium, an inoculum of Talalomyces flavus Yuri-01 strain was inoculated thereto, followed by solid culture at 30 ° C for 10 days. After completion of the culture, the culture was dried, the dried culture was sieved to remove the residue of the bran, and Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 spore-containing powder (4 × 10 ⁹ cfu / g) was obtained.

<Manufacture example 2> Manufacture of a Talalomyces preparation Using the Talalomyces flavus Yuri-01 spore-containing powder obtained in the above-mentioned Preparation Example 1, 10% by mass of this spore-containing powder and 5% by mass of SORPOL5082 (manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry) as a surfactant %, Clay mineral (K clay: manufactured by Katsumiyama Mining Co., Ltd.) 45% by mass and glucosamine (Yaizu Suisan Chemical Co., Ltd.) 40% by mass, and the raw materials were mixed using a mill grinder. Mixing and pulverization gave the preparation of Production Example 2 (4 × 10 ⁸ cfu / g).

<Manufacture example 3> Manufacture of a penicillium spore The bran was used for the culture medium, the inoculum of Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 stock | strain was inoculated to this, and it solid-cultured at 30 degreeC for 10 days. After completion of the culture, the culture was dried, the dried culture was sieved to remove the residue of the bran, and Penicillium vermiculatam Yuri-12 spore-containing powder (2.6 × 10 ⁹ cfu / g) was obtained.

<Production Example 4> Production of Penicillium Formulation Using the Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 spore-containing powder obtained in Production Example 3 above, 10% by mass of this spore-containing powder, SORPOL5082 (Toho Chemical Industries) as a surfactant 5% by weight), 5% by weight, clay minerals (K clay: manufactured by Katsumiyama Mining Co., Ltd.) 45% by weight and glucosamine (Yaizu Suisan Chemical Co., Ltd.) 40% by weight. Using a machine, mixing and pulverization were performed to obtain the preparation of Production Example 4 (4 × 10 ⁸ cfu / g).

<Example 1> Insecticidal effect of cotton aphids A sterilized non-woven fabric was dropped into a cup through a 1.5 cm cut in a 9 cm diameter plastic cup lid, and sterilized water was put into the cup and the lid was covered. A 2 cm square cucumber leaf piece was placed on the water-absorbed non-woven fabric, and 30 cotton aphid adults were released. The same size cup was placed on top and grown in a constant temperature room at 23 ° C for 24 hours. Thereafter, the preparations produced in Production Example 2 and Production Example 4 were each diluted 1000 times with tap water and sprayed. After air drying at room temperature, it was again covered with a cup and allowed to stand in a constant temperature room for 4 days. The mortality rate (%) was calculated using a non-sprayed area sprayed only with tap water as a control. The results are shown in Table 1.

  The preparations of Production Examples 2 and 4 both showed high insecticidal effects on cotton aphids.

<Example 2> Control effect of Kanzawa spider mite Ten strawberry seedlings (variety: Tochiotome) grown in a 9 cm diameter pot were used. Two to three strawberry leaves infested with adult female Kanzawa spider mites were placed on each leaf and grown in an artificial weather machine at 23 ° C. The preparations obtained in Example 2 and Production Example 4 were diluted 1000-fold with tap water and sprayed over the entire strain to a volume of 300 L / 10a. As a control, a tebufenpyrad emulsion spraying zone (manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Piranica EW) 2000-fold diluted solution spraying zone was provided as a non-spraying zone and a chemical agent zone. Three days after spraying and 5 days after the application, the number of adult female mosquito spider mites parasitizing three double leaves of each strain was investigated, and the average number of female adults per strain was determined. The results are shown in Table 2.

In the non-sprayed group, the average number of female adults increased as the number of days passed, but in the group sprayed with the preparations of Production Examples 2 and 4, the average number of female adults decreased significantly three days after spraying, and five days after spraying. Was decreasing further. Five days after the application, the average number of female adults was very close to that of the Tebufenpyrad application area.
From the above, it was found that the pest control agent of the present invention has an excellent control effect against Kanzawa spider mites, and the effect can be comparable to a chemical agent such as tebufenpyrad.

<Example 3> Tomato gray mold control effect Tomato (variety: House Momotaro) was carried out in 3 iterations with 1 m 4 m ² . The preparations of Example 2 and Example 4 were each diluted 1000 times with tap water, and sprayed over the whole tomato using a shoulder sprayer in a ratio of 350 L / 10a once every 7 days. As a control, an iprodione wettable powder (Robral wettable powder, manufactured by Bayer CropScience) 1000-fold diluted liquid sprayed area was provided as a non-sprayed area and a chemical agent group. Before each spraying, count the number of fruits of all strains in each ward and the number of fruits of gray mold disease, and calculate the number of fruits accumulated and the number of diseased fruits until the final survey 7 days after the final spraying. From this, the cumulative disease rate was calculated, and then the control value was calculated according to the following formula. Table 3 shows the results.
Control value = (cumulative disease rate in non-sprayed area-cumulative disease rate in sprayed area) / cumulative disease rate in non-sprayed area x 100

In the non-sprayed area, the cumulative disease rate was 34.4%, but in the areas where the preparations of Production Examples 2 and 4 were sprayed, the cumulative disease rate was 4.6% and 3.3%, respectively. . In particular, the preparation of Production Example 4 had a control value comparable to that of iprodione wettable powder.
From the above, it was found that the pest control agent of the present invention was excellent in gray mold disease control effect.

<Example 4> Control effect of strawberry anthracnose 30 strawberry seedlings were prepared. Strawberry strains that had been caused by spray inoculation with a suspension of strawberry anthracnose fungus (Glomerella cingulata) in advance were placed between the test strains and used as the pathogenic source. In order to get sick, we irrigated about 3 L / m ² of water daily from morning to evening. Spraying was carried out 3 times at a rate of once every 7 days. The preparations of Production Example 2 and Production Example 4 were diluted 1000 times with tap water and sprayed over the entire strain using a shoulder sprayer so as to have a ratio of 300 L / 10a. As a control, a non-spreading section and a propineb granule wettable powder (anthracol granule wettable powder, Bayer Crop Science Co., Ltd.) 500-fold diluted liquid spraying section were provided. Seven days after the final spraying, the disease strain rate (%) was investigated, and the control value was calculated according to the following table. Table 4 shows the results.
Control value = (rate of pathogenic strain in non-sprayed area-rate of pathogenic strain in sprayed area) / rate of diseased strain in non-sprayed area x 100

In the non-sprayed group, the disease strain rate was 83.9%, but in the group sprayed with the preparations of Production Examples 2 and 4, the cumulative disease rate was 23.4% and 27.6%, respectively.
From the above, it was found that the pest control agent of the present invention is excellent in the effect of controlling anthrax.

<Example 5> Control effect of strawberry powdery mildew and urticae
Strawberry seedlings that were planted in late September were prepared three times as 20 strains per ward. The drug spraying was performed four times at intervals of 7 days. The preparations of Production Example 2 and Production Example 4 were each diluted 1000-fold with tap water and sprayed over the entire strain using a shoulder sprayer to a ratio of 300 L / 10a. At the time of spraying, a 5000-fold diluted solution of a spreading agent (manufactured by Nippon Agricultural Chemicals, specially made Rino) was added. In addition, as a control, trifumizole wettable powder (trifumin wettable powder, manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.) 3000 times diluted solution, tebufenpyrad emulsion (Piranica EW, manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.) 2000 times diluted solution as non-spreading group and chemical agent spraying group A spraying zone was established. Moreover, the spreading agent was added similarly at the time of these spraying. Seven days after the final spraying, the occurrence of insect damage and disease was investigated. For powdery mildew, the control value was calculated from the diseased leaflet rate (%) for 3 double leaves of 10 strains. For the spider mite, the number of insects parasitizing the three compound leaves of 10 strains was counted, and the average number of female adults per strain was determined. Table 5 shows the results.
Control value = (rate of leaflets in the non-sprayed area-rate of diseased leaflets in the sprayed area) / ratio of diseased leaflets in the non-sprayed area × 100

In the areas where the preparations of Production Examples 2 and 4 were sprayed, the powdery mildew control values were 88.4 and 79.4, respectively, which were higher than those in the tebufenpyrad emulsion spraying section. The average number of female adults of the spider mite was also small.
From the above, it was found that the pest control agent of the present invention is excellent in the powdery mildew disease control effect and the spider mite control effect.

Claims (4)

  Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain (FERM AP-21455), Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain (FERM AP-21456), and variants of these strains, these strains A pest control agent for agricultural and horticultural plants, comprising at least one selected from bacterial strains having the same ability to control pests.   Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain (FERM AP-21455), Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain (FERM AP-21456), and variants of these strains, these strains A method for controlling pests of agricultural and horticultural plants, comprising applying at least one selected from bacterial strains having the same ability to control pests to agricultural and horticultural plants.   Talaromyces flavus Yuri-01 strain (FERM AP-21455).   Penicillium vermiculatum Yuri-12 strain (FERM AP-21456).