JP2003277210A - Plant disease controlling agent using genus bacillus bacterium and controlling method using the agent - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a controlling agent which simply and efficiently protects the aboveground part of a plant from being attacked by phytopathogenic bacteria and to provide a controlling method using the agent. <P>SOLUTION: The aboveground part of a plant can be simply and effectively protected from being attacked by phytopathogenic bacteria by treating the aboveground part with a controlling agent containing bacterial cells or a culture of bacteria of Bacillus sphaericus sp. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control agent and a control method for easily and efficiently controlling an aerial part disease of a plant caused by a microorganism by treating the aerial part of the plant. The plants to be controlled include not only crops but also amenity plants such as edible and ornamental flowers, industrial forest trees, and shrubs and lawns used for street trees and hedges.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Many chemical agents have been used as a main method for controlling plant diseases. However, due to frequent use or overdose of same-acting chemical agents with similar skeleton for the control of the same disease, half-way use of chemical agents with no eradication effect, lack of chemical agents with multiple points of action, etc. The problem of resistance of plant pathogens to drugs has not been talked about in the past 20 years.

On the other hand, recently, environmental hormone-like effects of chemical agents have been suddenly questioned, and consumers have been decreasing or the need for non-chemical pesticide crops is increasing, and the operation of the organic agricultural product certification system is accurate and the standard itself. Is becoming stricter.

Under such circumstances, in addition to IPM (integrated pest control) which has been existing for a long time, that is, control by chemical agents, physical and chemical control (solar heat soil disinfection, ultraviolet cut film, hot water soil disinfection, A combination of, such as filtration of pathogenic bacteria in hydroponics, agricultural control (rotation and cleaning crops of pathogenic bacteria, cultivation of disease resistant varieties, mixed planting cultivation, etc.) and biological control (natural source of natural products, natural enemies, antagonistic microorganisms) Expectations for comprehensive pest management by the government are rising again. Above all, expectations for biological control are increasing.

In recent years, as a method for protecting agricultural and horticultural plants from various diseases, a disease controlling method using a microorganism that antagonizes pathogenic bacteria causing various diseases has been widely used in consideration of safety and sustainability of effects.

Microorganisms that have been used to control diseases of agricultural and horticultural plants in this manner include Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium spp., Amperomyces spp., Coninecillium spp., Fusarium spp., Pythium spp., Talalomyces spp.
Molds such as Candida, actinomycetes of Streptomyces, genus Bacillus, genus Pseudomonas, genus Agrobacterium, bacteria belonging to genus Erwinia, and the like, so far, agricultural and horticultural fungicides containing these microorganisms Many compositions have also been studied.

However, most of them are targets of soil diseases that are difficult to control even with chemical pesticides, and the treatment method is soil mixing,
Many soil treatments such as soil pouring and soil spraying, seed treatments such as seed dressing, seed soaking, and seed coating, and dipping treatment of plant roots before transplantation (bacterization), mostly so-called underground treatment of crops Met.

Regarding the bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus among these, for example, in JP-A-61-200193, a soil disease inhibitor utilizing live cells or spores of Bacillus megaterium, etc., JP-A-2-48509. In the publication, an example of controlling potato scab by treating potato with Bacillus bacterium (KF-44 strain) is disclosed, and in JP-A-5-58832, white crotch rot caused by soil treatment with Bacillus bacterium (TT8-2 strain). Example of controlling root-knot disease, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-13376
JP-A-9-2 describes the control of plant diseases including soil diseases by Bacillus subtilis (SD142 strain).
No. 99076 discloses Bacillus circulans (A
268 strain), a report example of soil disease control such as control of bacterial wilt disease of solanaceous plants, JP-A-8-169804,
It has been reported that spore-forming Bacillus sphaericus (T-1 strain) controls Rhizoctonia disease on grass and vegetables.

Recently, an increasing number of patents including soil disease control examples by bacteria belonging to Bacillus subtilis species and aerial part disease control examples. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-2098
No. 03 publication, two strains of Bacillus subtilis species (K
B1111, 1122 strain) for controlling gray mold, powdery mildew, downy mildew, and leaf rust, and JP-A-5-5230.
In JP-A-5-175, a control example of a wide range of plant diseases by Bacillus subtilis sp. (SC-3 strain) is disclosed.
In 919, JP-A-8-175920 and JP-A-8-175921, patents for the scope of Bacillus are reported according to the examples of controlling plant diseases of spores of two Bacillus subtilis strains.

For species other than the subtilis species of the genus Bacillus, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-206811 discloses Bacillus
A patent claiming the genus Bacillus has been reported according to a control example of plague of 10 licheniformis strains.

[0011]

However, in the use scenes including the actual agricultural scenes, the plant disease control agents by microorganisms, which are capable of exerting a highly satisfactory effect to the user by a simple treatment, are still scarce, and are still present. The current situation is that we have to rely on chemical control. On the other hand, there is no concern over the impact of chemical agents on the environment and the increased frequency of appearance of chemical agent-resistant bacteria. It cannot be denied that there is a shortage of microbial materials that contribute to the above-mentioned comprehensive control with a low environmental load and that have high control activity. This deficiency is even more remarkable in the above-ground disease field where chemical drug-resistant bacteria frequently appear.

[0012]

In view of such a situation, the present inventors have made use of an unused, more active and highly active user in the above-ground disease field in which chemical drug-resistant bacteria frequently appear. As a result of extensive studies to provide a microbial material, a control agent containing a bacterial cell or a culture of a bacterium belonging to the species Bacillus sphaericus was applied to the above-ground parts of plants, particularly the foliage and flower parts. The inventors have found that the above-mentioned diseases of plants can be controlled easily and efficiently, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides the above-mentioned plant part disease controlling agent for plants and a method for controlling the same. (1) An aerial part disease control agent for plants, which comprises bacterial cells or a culture of Bacillus sphaericus spp.
(2) MCIB-52 is a Bacillus sphaericus sp.
(FERM P-18724), MCIB-6 (FER
MP-18723), MCIB-5 (FERM P-
18722), and the above-ground plant disease control agent according to (1). (3) 1 bacterium of Bacillus sphaericus spp.
× 10 7 powers / g concentration or more, preferably 1 × 10 8
Power / g to 1 × 10 12 powers / g included (1) to
(2) An agent for controlling above-ground diseases of plants according to (2). (4) The above-ground disease control agent for a plant according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the plant is a vegetable (including fruit vegetables) or a fruit tree. (5) The plants are potatoes, beans, or special crops (1) to (3)
10. An agent for controlling above-ground diseases of plants according to any one of 1.
(6) The above-ground disease control agent for plants according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the plant is a flower. (7) The above-ground disease control agent for plants according to any one of (4) to (6), wherein the above-ground disease is powdery mildew. (8) The above-ground disease control agent for plants according to any one of (4) to (6), wherein the above-ground disease is gray mold. (9) A method for controlling above-ground diseases of plants, which comprises treating the above-ground disease control agents for plants according to any one of (1) to (8) above the above-ground parts of plants, particularly foliage and flowers.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below. <1> Microorganism used in the present invention As an example of a strain of Bacillus sphaericus species which is a microorganism used in the present invention, preferably, the MCIB-52 strain, which is an already-identified conserved strain of the Company, MCIB- 6 strains, MCIB
-5 strains include the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Patent Biological Depository Center (1-1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture)
Central 6), FERM P-18724,
FERM P-18723, FERM P-1872
The ones entrusted with the entrustment number of 2 are mentioned. Tables 1 and 2 show various taxonomic properties for identifying these strains.

[0015]

[Table 1]

<2> Method for Culturing Microorganism of the Present Invention For culturing the bacterium of the present invention, for example, liquid culture such as reciprocal shaking culture, rotary culture, jarfamenter culture, culture tank culture, solid culture and the like, Bacillus genus It can be carried out according to a usual culture method for bacteria belonging to

Any medium can be used for the culture as long as it can be easily grown. For example, sugars such as glucose, starch, dextrin, sucrose and molasses as carbon sources, yeast extract and corn steep.
Leakers, meat extracts, wheat germ, peptones, potato extracts, soybean powder and other organic nitrogen sources are preferable, and inorganic salts such as phosphoric acid, potassium, calcium, manganese, magnesium and iron, for example, potassium chloride, calcium chloride. , Manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, etc. can be added. If necessary, various additives such as antifoaming agents can be used.

[0018]

[Table 2]

The conditions for culturing are not particularly limited, but the culturing is preferably carried out under aerobic conditions such as aeration stirring and shaking culturing in solid culture or liquid culture, and the temperature is 15 to 45 ° C. , Preferably 20-40 ° C., pH 6
-10, more preferably 6-8.

<3> Agent for controlling above-ground disease of plants of the present invention "Culture" of "bacteria or culture" of Bacillus sphaericus spp. Bacteria of the present invention is obtained by culturing as described above. It means all things including microbial cells. That is, as the control agent containing "bacteria or culture", "bacteria or culture" can be used as it is, or a culture solution obtained by removing the cells from the culture can be used. Can be used alone. This culture (or culture solution) can be used after being appropriately diluted or concentrated. Here, the culture includes both bacterial cells and a culture solution thereof. A culture obtained by culturing cells in a liquid medium can be sprayed on leaves and stems of a plant in a solution state, and thus is preferable for treating above-ground parts such as leaves, stems and flowers of plants. When spraying directly on the above-ground part of the plant, in order to obtain a long-term control effect, it is preferable to spray a culture solution containing cells. The cell concentration contained is 1 × 10 7 cells / g or more, preferably 1 ×
It is a control agent contained in 10 8 powers / g to 1 × 10 12 powers / g.

The plant disease controlling agent of the present invention requires bacterial cells or cultures of the bacteria belonging to the above Bacillus sphaericus species according to the production method generally used in ordinary chemical pesticide formulations and microbial formulations. Depending on various optional ingredients,
Powder, wettable powder, wettable powder, emulsion, liquid, flowable,
It can be used as a coating agent.

As the above-mentioned optional component, as a solid carrier,
Fine powder of mineral substances such as carion clay, bentonite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, acid clay, talc, perlite, vermiculite, inorganic salts such as ammonium sulfate, urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, fusuma,
Organic fine powders such as chitin, polysaccharides, rice bran and wheat flour,
In addition, as auxiliary agents, casein, gelatin, gum arabic, alginic acid, saccharides, synthetic polymers (polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, etc.), fixing agents and dispersants such as bentonite, and propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, etc. as other components. Antifreeze agents, natural polysaccharides such as xanthan gum, thickeners such as polyacrylic acids, spreading agents, emulsifiers, coloring agents and the like can be added.

The "aboveground disease" to which the above-mentioned agent for controlling aboveground disease according to the present invention is applied means mainly an airborne disease caused by molds that form spores, but it does not affect the contact between plants. It was used in the sense that it also includes diseases that spread on the ground due to rainwater. That is, the main disease is infection in the above-ground portion, and it means that the spread can be effectively controlled by a simple treatment such as a drug treatment on the above-ground portion (stems and leaves and flowers). Specific examples of diseases and pathogenic bacteria of the present invention are shown below.

[Rice] Pyricularia oryzae, a rice blast fungus, Cochliobolus miyabeanus,
<Wheat> Erysiphe graminis, a powdery mildew fungus of wheat, Ustilago nuda, a naked smut
(ustillago nuda), leaf blight fungus Septoria tritici
(Septoria tritisi), bacterial wilt disease Leptosphaeria nodorum, rust fungus Puccinia
Puccinia graminis, Puccinia recondita, Rhynchosporium secalis
s), <Vegetables> Vegetables, for example, Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotior (Sclerotinia sclerotior), such as Botrytis cinerea, which is a fungal plant such as solanaceous vegetables, cucurbitaceae vegetables, strawberries, lettuce, and onions.
um), tomato leaf mold fungus Cladosporium fulvum, ring spot fungus Alternaria salani, anthracnose fungus of the family Cucurbitaceae Colletotrichum lagenar
ium), a wilt fungus, Mycosferrera melonis (Mycos)
phaerella melonis), powdery mildew fungus Sphererotheca fuliginea, and the downy mildew fungus Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Pseudopero)
nospora cubensis), green onion rust fungus Puccinia allii, Chinese cabbage black spot fungus Alternaria brassicae, and carrot black leaf blight fungus Alternaria dauc.
i), strawberry powdery mildew fungus Sphaeroteca humuli (S
phaerotheca humuli), anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum fragariae, black rust fungus of cabbage Alternaria brasicola
ssicicola), vegetables, downy mildew of Japanese radish (Peronospora brassicae), downy mildew of spinach Peronospora spinach (Peronospora)
spinaciae), the downy mildew fungus Peronospora tabacina of tobacco, the downy mildew fungus Plasmopala nivea of the Umbelliferae plant, <fruit tree>
Penicillium italicam (Pe
nicillium italicum), black spot fungus Diaporthe citri, green mold fungus Penicillium digitatum, blue mold fungus Penicillium italicum, red scab fungus Jimnosporum nym asia
osporangium asiaticum), the black spot fungus Alternaria kikuchiana, the black scab Venturia nashicola, and the apple black scab Venturia inaeq.
ualis), Spotted leaf spot fungus Alternari
a mali), peach sterility fungus Monilinia fructicola, grape gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea), late rot fungus Glomerella cingulata (Glomerella cingulata), <
Beans> Cercospora arachidicola of Peanut of peanut, Cercospora kikuchi of Purpura of soybean of Cercospora kikuchi
i), Pea leaf spot fungus Ascochyta pisi
pisi), the red leaf spot fungus Botrytis fabae of broad bean, Botrytis cinerea of the legume, and Sclerotinia sclerotioru
m), <potatoes and special crops> Alternaria salani, a summer blight, Cercospora beticola, a brown spot fungus of sugar beet,
<Flowers> Flowers, such as cyclamen, chrysanthemums, roses,
Botrytis cinerea, a mildew fungus such as statice, aster and violet, and a powdery mildew fungus, Sphaerotheca panno
sa), chrysanthemum white rust fungus Puccinian horiana (Puccin
ia horiana) and the like.

<4> Method for controlling above-ground disease of plants according to the present invention In the method for controlling above-mentioned disease of the present invention, the above-mentioned disease control of the present invention is carried out for the purpose of controlling various above-ground diseases of various cultivated plants as described above. Apply the agent to cultivated plants.

As a method of application, use forms such as dosage forms,
Appropriately selected depending on the crop or disease, for example, above-ground liquid spray, above-ground solid spray, aerial liquid spray, aerial solid spray, foliage spray treatment such as in-house application, other single flower treatment, wound site of cultivated plant, pruning part A method such as coating treatment to

When applied to cultivated plants, insecticides, nematicides, acaricides, herbicides, fungicides, plant growth regulators, fertilizers, soil improving materials (peat, humic acid materials, polyvinyl alcohol-based materials) It is also possible to apply (materials, etc.) etc. mixedly, or alternately without mixing, or simultaneously.

[0028] The application rate of the control agent of the present invention varies depending on the type of disease, the type of plant to be applied, the formulation of the control agent, etc., and therefore cannot be specified unconditionally. For example, when a hydratable liquid agent is sprayed on the ground, Is usually about 1 x 10
4 × / mL to 1 × 10 10 / mL, preferably about 1 × 10 7 / mL to 1 × 10 10 / mL, and the application rate is 0. It is 5 to 50 L / a. Further, it is possible to apply the powder etc. as it is without any dilution, and when sprayed on the ground, the applied amount of the bacterial cells is 1 × 10 12 to 1 × 10 14 /
It is preferable to spray so as to be about a.

[0029]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the examples. <Culture production example> (Culture production example 1) Yeast extract (DIFCO) 5 g
And 10 g of polypeptone (Nippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and 10 g of sodium chloride were added to 1 L of distilled water, and P was added with sodium hydroxide solution.
The yeast peptone broth adjusted to H7.0 was placed in a test tube in an amount of 5 ml and sterilized, and then the test microorganism strain was aseptically transplanted and reciprocally shake-cultured at 30 ° C. and 200 rpm for 3 days. The number of culture tubes was increased appropriately.

(Culture Production Example 2) Yeast extract (DIF
CO) 5 g, polypeptone (Nippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) 10 g and sodium chloride 10 g were added to 1 L of distilled water, and the yeast peptone culture solution adjusted to pH 7.0 with sodium hydroxide solution was put in a 500 ml shaking flask. After sterilization, the test microorganism strain was aseptically transplanted, and the temperature was 30 ° C and
Reciprocal shaking culture was carried out at 20 rpm for 3 days. The number of flask cultures was appropriately increased.

(Culture Production Example 3) Yeast extract (DIF
CO) 5 g, polypeptone (Nippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) 10 g and sodium chloride 10 g were added to distilled water 1 L, and the yeast peptone culture solution adjusted to pH 7.0 with sodium hydroxide solution was put in a 500 ml shaking flask into 200 ml. After sterilization, the test microorganism strain was aseptically transplanted, and the temperature was set at 30 ° C for 1
Reciprocal shaking culture was carried out at 20 rpm for 3 days. 200 L of the obtained culture was added to 30 L containing 10 L of the same medium.
To a fermenter and cultured under aerobic conditions at 30 ° C. for 72 hours to obtain a culture solution. The obtained culture liquid of about 10 L was concentrated by centrifugation (5000 rpm, 20 minutes) according to a conventional method to obtain a concentrate of bacterial cell culture (about 500 g). The bacterial cell culture concentrate can be dried under reduced pressure and pulverized to obtain a dried bacterial cell culture concentrate. A part of the obtained bacterial cell culture concentrate was used for the formulation.

<Formulation Example> (Formulation Example 1) Based on the absorbance and the suspension curve previously prepared by the dilution plate method, the cell-containing culture obtained by culturing in the above (Culture Production Example 1) was treated with water. The cell concentration was adjusted to 1 × 10 8 cells / ml by dilution, and the spreading agent Gramine S (Sankyo Co., Ltd.) was added to the cell at a concentration of 5000 times immediately before the treatment. Suspension liquid formulation containing the culture as it is.

(Formulation Example 2) Based on the absorbance and the suspension curve previously prepared by the dilution plate method, the bacterial cell-containing culture obtained by culturing in the above (Culture Production Example 2) was diluted with water Adjust the body concentration to be 1 x 10 8 cells / ml, and use radiolite (calcined diatomaceous earth) as a carrier at 1%.
Immediately before processing, the spreading agent Grameen S (Sankyo Co., Ltd.)
Is a simple wettable powder that is added so as to be diluted 5000 times.

(Formulation Example 3) 40 parts of the cell culture concentrate obtained in the above (Production Example 3 of culture), 57 parts of radiolite (calcined diatomaceous earth), 1 part of sodium ligninsulfonate, 2 parts of sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate , 10 parts of white carbon were mixed and pulverized to obtain 100 parts of wettable powder. The bacterial cell concentration in the obtained agent was measured and found to be 5 × 10 9 cells / g.

<Example of Disease Control Test> (Test Example 1) Bean gray mold control test (pathogen: R)
S-type and RR-type 2) Suspended liquid formulation prepared in accordance with Formulation Example 1 on kidney beans (variety: Tsurunashi Top Crop) grown up to cotyledon development in a plastic pot with a diameter of 7.5 cm in a greenhouse Was sprayed with a spray gun at a rate of 30 ml per 6 pots. After the drug solution has dried, conidiospores containing a culture solution individually prepared from two types of Botrytis cinerea (MBC resistant, RS bacterial) and (MBC resistant / dicarboximide drug resistant: RR bacterial) that have been previously cultured on a PDA medium The suspension (1 × 10 5 cells / ml) was sprayed and inoculated in 3 pots of 20 to 23 each.
After keeping it in an artificial weather room at ℃ and humidity of 95% or more for 7 days,
We conducted a survey to study. The survey was carried out by measuring the area occupied by lesions per leaf of kidney bean according to the following index. In addition, the same test was carried out also as an example of a comparative strain, which was similarly prepared according to Formulation Example 1 and was an example of a strain of other species of the genus Bacillus. Further, a commercially available microbial pesticide (B agent) registered as a gray mold agent as a comparative market agent was diluted to the same concentration and the same test was conducted. The results are shown in Table 3. The control effect of each strain in the table is shown by S, A, B and C based on the following control values.

[0036] The average value of each treated group and untreated group was used as the disease severity. The control value was calculated as follows. Control value = (1-degree of disease in treated area / disease in untreated area) x
100 Control effect = S: control value of 80 or more, A: control value of less than 80
60 or more, B: control value less than 60 to 40 or more, C: control value less than 40

[0037]

[Table 3]

(Test Example 2) Cucumber gray mold control test (pathogen: RS bacterium) Preparation example for cucumber (cultivar: Sagamihanjiro) grown in a plastic pot of 7.5 cm in diameter up to the second leaf stage The suspension liquid preparation prepared according to 1 was sprayed with a spray gun in an amount of 20 ml per 3 pots. After the drug solution has dried, Botrytis cinerea (MB
C-resistant, RS bacterium) -containing culture solution-containing conidiospore suspension (1 × 10 5 / ml) was spray-inoculated onto the cotyledons,
After keeping in an artificial weather room at 20 to 23 ° C. and a humidity of 95% or more for 7 days, an investigation was conducted. The survey was carried out by measuring the area occupied by lesions per leaf of cucumber according to the following index. In addition, the same test was carried out also as an example of a comparative strain, which was similarly prepared according to Formulation Example 1 and was an example of a strain of other species of the genus Bacillus. Further, a commercially available microbial pesticide (B agent) registered as a gray mold agent as a comparative market agent was diluted to the same concentration and the same test was conducted. The investigation was conducted in the same manner as in Test Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 4. The control effect of each strain in the table is also shown as in Test Example 1.

(Test Example 3) Cucumber powdery mildew control test 1. In a plastic pot having a diameter of 7.5 cm in a greenhouse.
A cucumber (cultivar: Sagamihanjiro) grown to the 5-leaf stage was sprayed with a suspension-type liquid preparation prepared according to Preparation Example 1 at a rate of 15 ml per 3 pots using a spray gun. After the drug solution dries, a conidia suspension prepared by suspending cucumber powdery mildew fungus in water containing a small amount of a spreading agent (1 x 10 6
(Multiply / ml) was spray-inoculated onto the cotyledons and kept in the greenhouse for 7 days before the investigation. The survey was carried out by measuring the area occupied by lesions per leaf of cucumber according to the following index. In addition, the same test was carried out for the strains of other Bacillus sp. Strains similarly prepared according to Formulation Example 1 as comparative strains. Further, as an example of a comparative commercial agent, a commercial microbial pesticide (BI agent) registered as a powdery mildew control agent was adjusted to the same concentration by centrifugation and the same test was conducted. The results are shown in Table 4 together with the results of Test Example 2. The control effect of each strain in the table was calculated in the same manner as in Test Example 1 and displayed in the same manner.

[0040]

[Table 4]

Test Example 4 Green Bean Mold Control Control Test for Green Beans (Gray Mold Fungus: RR Bacteria) Beans grown in a 1 / 5000a Wagner pot until the flowering stage in a greenhouse (variety: Tsurunashi Top Crop) A wettable powder prepared according to Formulation Example 3 was diluted to a predetermined concentration (1 × 10 8 / ml), and 150 ml per 4 pots were sprayed twice with a spray gun at 1-week intervals. 3 days after drug treatment, conidial suspension containing a culture solution (5 × 10 5 powers) prepared from Botrytis cinerea (MBC resistant / dicarboximide drug resistant: RR bacterium) previously cultured on PDA medium / Ml) was sprayed and inoculated twice at 1-week intervals centering on the flower part and kept in a humid chamber in a greenhouse at 18 to 27 ° C and a humidity of 90% or more for 14 days after the final inoculation, and then an investigation was conducted. The survey investigated the diseased pod rate in each pot (the number of kidney pods in the total number of kidney pods), calculated the average diseased pod rate in each treatment area, calculated the control value as follows, and calculated the control value. The results are shown in Table 5. Table 5 also shows the results of treatment with the same concentration of a commercially available microbial pesticide (B agent) registered as a gray mold agent as a comparative agent and with a commercially available dicarboximide chemical agent (S agent). Control value = (1-rate of diseased pods in treated area / rate of diseased pod in untreated area) x 100

[0042]

[Table 5]

Test Example 5 Eggplant Flowering Stage Gray Mold Control Control Test (Grey Mold Fungus: RR Bacterium) A formulation was prepared for eggplants (cultivar: 1,000 units) grown in a 1 / 5000a Wagner pot until the flowering stage in a greenhouse. Predetermined concentration of wettable powder prepared according to Example 3 (1 × 10 8 / ml)
The resulting mixture was sprayed with 150 ml per 4 pots twice with a spray gun at 1-week intervals. 3 days after drug treatment,
Culture liquid-containing conidial suspension (5 × 10 5 powers / m 2) prepared from Botrytis cinerea (MBC resistance / dicarboximide drug resistance: RR bacterium) previously cultured on PDA medium
l) was sprayed and inoculated twice at 1-week intervals, centering on the flower part,
After the final inoculation in a moist chamber in a greenhouse at 8 to 27 ° C. and a humidity of 90% or more for 14 days, the investigation was conducted. In the survey, the diseased fruit / flower ratio of each pot (the diseased fruit / flower ratio in the eggplant fruit / total number of flowers) was investigated, the average diseased fruit / flower ratio of each treatment area was calculated, and the control value was calculated as follows. The control results are shown in Table 6.
Table 6 also shows the results of treatment with the same concentration of a commercially available microbial pesticide (B agent) registered as a gray mold agent as a comparative agent and a commercially available dicarboximide chemical agent (S agent). Control value = (1-fruited fruit / flower rate in treated area / fruited fruit / flower rate in untreated area) × 100

[0044]

[Table 6]

Test Example 6 Rice Blast Control Test Preparation Example 2 was applied to rice (variety: Tsukimimichi) grown in a plastic pot having a diameter of 7.5 cm in a greenhouse until the 2-leaf stage.
A simple wettable powder prepared in accordance with the above was sprayed with a spray gun at 10 ml per 3 pots (50 strains / each pot).
After the drug solution has dried, a conidial suspension (1 x 1) prepared from the blast fungus that has been cultivated in advance on the rice leaf-containing PDSA medium (1 x 1
0 to the 5th power / ml) was spray-inoculated on the leaves of rice, and 22 to 2
After keeping it in an artificial weather room at 5 ° C and a humidity of 95% or more for 7 days, an investigation was conducted. The survey was carried out by measuring the number of lesions per 50 rice strains according to the following index. As a comparative strain example, the same procedure was performed for strains of other Bacillus species that were similarly prepared according to Formulation Example 2. The results are shown in Table 7. The average value of each treated group and untreated group was used as the disease severity. The control value was calculated in the same manner as in Test Example 1 and displayed in the same manner.

[0046]

[Table 7]

(Test Example 7) Cyclamen gray mold control test (Gray mold fungus: RS bacterium) Prepared in accordance with Formulation Example 2 for cyclamen (variety: bolero) grown in a 4-spot in a greenhouse until the flowering period. The above simple wettable powder was sprayed with a spray gun in an amount of 30 ml per 3 pots. After the drug solution has dried, a conidia suspension (5 × 10 5 cells / ml) containing a culture solution prepared from Botrytis cinerea (MBC resistance: RS bacterium) previously cultivated on a PDA medium is centered on the flower part. Was sprayed and inoculated and kept in an artificial weather room at 20 to 23 ° C. and a humidity of 95% or more for 7 days, and then an investigation was conducted. The survey was conducted by measuring the area occupied by lesions per petal according to the following indexes. As a comparative strain example, the same test was carried out on strains of other species of the genus Bacillus that were similarly prepared according to Formulation Example 2. As a comparative agent example, a commercially available microbial pesticide (B agent) registered as a gray mold agent was diluted to the same concentration and the same test was conducted. The results are shown in Table 8. The control effect of each strain in the table was calculated in the same manner as in Test Example 1 and displayed in the same manner.

[0048]

[Table 8]

[0049]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION Including a bacterial cell or a culture of a bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus sphaericus of the present invention, a plant aerial part disease control agent is treated by treating the aerial part of the plant, particularly the foliage part and flower part, It is possible to easily and efficiently control the above-ground diseases of plants in which chemical-drug-resistant bacteria frequently appear, and also to control the chemical-drug-resistant bacteria.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Ryutaro Ezaki             1144 Togo, Mobara-shi, Chiba Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.             Within (72) Inventor Junji Takashi             3-5 Kasumigaseki 3-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             I Chemical Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4B065 AA15X CA47                 4H011 AA01 BB21 DA15 DD03

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. An aerial part disease control agent for plants, which comprises bacterial cells or a culture of Bacillus sphaericus spp. 2. The Bacillus sphaericus spp.
B-52 (FERMP-18724), MCIB-6
(FERM P-18723), MCIB-5 (FER
MP-18722), The above-ground disease control agent for plants according to claim 1. 3. The bacterial cells of Bacillus sphaericus spp. Are 1 × 10 7 cells / g or more, preferably 1 × 10 7.
The above-mentioned plant part disease control agent according to claim 1 or 2, which is contained in the above 8 powers / g to 1 × 10 12 powers / g. 4. The aerial part disease control agent for a plant according to claim 1, wherein the plant is a vegetable (including fruit vegetables) or a fruit tree. 5. The aerial part disease control agent for plants according to claim 1, wherein the plant is potatoes, beans, or a special crop. 6. The above-ground disease control agent for a plant according to claim 1, wherein the plant is a flower. 7. The above-ground disease is powdery mildew.
7. A plant aerial part disease control agent according to any one of items 6 to 6. 8. The above-ground disease is gray mold disease.
7. A plant aerial part disease control agent according to any one of items 6 to 6. 9. A method for controlling above-ground disease of a plant, which comprises treating the above-ground disease control agent for a plant according to any one of claims 1 to 8 on the above-ground part of the plant, particularly foliage and flower parts.