200934744 玖、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關乾式馬桶内糞尿排泄物堆肥化之處理方 ψ 法，尤指人類日常生活產生的糞尿排泄物等有機物質，運用發 • 酵、乾燥等堆肥原理，經由堆肥轉化、高溫滅菌之處理，除可 有效降低建築物之營造成本之外，同時能聽含有糞尿之污水 污染環境，並有回收再利用以供農作等附加價值。 物 【絲技術】 一般家庭之排泄物處理大多以沖水式馬桶配置複雜的管 路集中於化糞池進行沉降處理。而化糞池多設於地下空間，施 作時常耗費時間及心力’造成營造成本之負擔，加上維護時不 易清理，且須請專門的廠商定時處理，易於滋生病菌或產生沼 氣污染空氣，更有滲透地層造成水源污染的疑慮。 目前所使用的衛生設備對於糞便排泄物之處置仍偏重於 採用沖水設備、管線、化糞池配合下水道處理等繁雜過程且常 因未能妥善處理或其中任-環節有所缺失時，往往容易造成污 染。 又’日本特願平10-78616號公報内，揭露利用好氧性微 生物發酵糞尿進行糞尿處理的，係於形成已設有供授掉含 有大量有機碳的物質而用的攪拌裝置之密閉空間的便槽内，定 量填充有機碳的物質，在開始啟動時於此含有有機碳的物質内 培月大量好氧性發賴生物，介質經前述好氧性發酵微生物 5 200934744 發酵此力，使糞尿中的氮素成分分解消滅並轉換成熱量，對 此有機翻物質進行堆肥化。而於此便槽内下方須另裝設附有 ; 授拌螺桿糾的娜機，亦有佔較大建設空間之不便。 現有S用的乾式馬桶設備，但其僅係進行乾式處理，並未 能進行堆肥化處理，恐有腸内菌滋生，而有環境衛生之顧慮。 以乾式馬桶處理人體排泄物所成的堆肥中均含有大量的 ❿春 场桿菌及枯草桿菌等傳染性疾病病媒，此等菌種常造成腸胃 染杜疾病為有效壓制腸内菌的生長，除直接以選擇性培養 基培養特&種外’至今尚無適當的檢驗可供檢測。本申請人 纟&出本發a月乾式馬桶糞尿排泄物堆肥化之處理方法」之 ' 刚’已研發iU-套新穎檢驗方法並提出發明專利申請第 95104688 號「一種檢測乾y 法」以監控乾式馬桶或其所處理成的堆肥可否有效壓制腸内菌 參φ #生長以確保乾式馬桶或其所處理成的堆肥之安全性。 簡化人類日常生活產生的糞尿排㈣的處理流程並有效 地轉化為可_的資源’乃成絲待解決之問題。 【發明内容】 植於上物題，啊兼顧-絲絲作上的便利且無需 另订建構獅機及化糞池，本發明人經多次試製、改良、研究， ♦ 寿'用見有習用的乾式馬桶，整合運帛太陽能爐具等設備，契合 ‘ 台灣本土氣候及生活f性之糞尿排泄物處理方法，對日常生: 6 200934744 產生的人糞尿排泄物等有機物質進行脫臭、風乾、固化成塊 狀’再經過高溫滅菌處理後，可運用於居家農作或予以密封桶 ' 爿存’供定_收_ ’以至完成本發明之糞尿驗物堆肥化 之處理方法。 以下，以操作流程圖表示與本發明有關的採用乾式馬桶之 糞尿排泄物堆肥化之處理方法的步驟。該方法包括下述步驟： 着暴 （1)、添加定量介質，並使介質予糞便能充分混合；（2)、累 積定量後進行乾燥處理；（3)、量測含水量後，取出初步乾燥 後產出物，（4 )、進行焉溫滅菌；（5 )、使用或封存產出物。200934744 玖 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 】 The principle of composting such as drying, through the treatment of composting and high-temperature sterilization, can effectively reduce the construction cost of buildings, and at the same time, it can listen to the environment contaminated by sewage containing feces and urine, and has the added value of recycling and reuse for farming. [Wire Technology] Most household excreta treatments are mostly concentrated in a septic tank with a flushing toilet. The septic tanks are mostly located in the underground space. It often takes time and effort to create the burden of construction cost. It is not easy to clean during maintenance. It must be handled regularly by specialized manufacturers. It is easy to breed germs or produce biogas to pollute the air. There are doubts about water pollution caused by permeable formations. At present, the sanitary equipment used for the disposal of fecal excretion is still biased towards the complicated process of using flushing equipment, pipelines, septic tanks and sewer treatment, and often because of failure to properly handle or lack of any of the links. create pollution. In Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 10-78616, the use of aerobic microorganisms to ferment excrement for excrement treatment is disclosed in the formation of a closed space in which a stirring device for imparting a substance containing a large amount of organic carbon is provided. In the tank, the organic carbon-filled material is quantitatively adsorbed in the organic carbon-containing material at the start of the start-up, and the medium is fermented by the aerobic fermenting microorganism 5 200934744 to make the feces and urine The nitrogen component is decomposed and destroyed and converted into heat, and the organic material is composted. In addition, the inner and lower sides of the tank must be separately attached; the machine for feeding the screw is also inconvenient. The existing dry toilet equipment for S, but it is only dry treatment, can not be composted, there may be intestinal bacteria breeding, and there are environmental concerns. The compost made from the dry toilet to treat human excrement contains a large number of infectious disease vectors such as O. sinensis and Bacillus subtilis. These strains often cause gastrointestinal infections to effectively suppress the growth of intestinal bacteria. Directly cultured in selective medium & extra-species, there is no suitable test available for testing. The applicant has developed a new method for the detection of the iU-set of the dry toilet waste excrement in the month of the present, and has filed the invention patent application No. 95104688, "A method for detecting dry y". Monitor whether the dry toilet or the compost it is processed can effectively compress the intestinal bacteria φ # growth to ensure the safety of the dry toilet or the compost it is processed into. Simplifying the treatment process of the excrement (4) produced by human daily life and effectively transforming it into a resource that can be solved is a problem to be solved. [Summary of the Invention] Planted on the subject matter, ah and take care of - the silk is convenient and does not require the construction of a lion machine and septic tank. The inventor has made many trials, improvements, research, ♦ The dry toilet, integrated with solar energy stoves and other equipment, fits the 'Taiwan's local climate and life's fecal urine excrement disposal methods, for daily life: 6 200934744 produced human excrement and other organic substances deodorization, air drying, It is solidified into a block shape and then subjected to high-temperature sterilization treatment, and can be applied to home farming or sealed barrels, 'storage', and to complete the treatment method of the manure and urine test composting of the present invention. Hereinafter, the steps of the treatment method for composting feces and urine excretion using a dry toilet according to the present invention will be described in an operational flowchart. The method comprises the following steps: violent (1), adding a quantitative medium, and allowing the medium to be fully mixed with the feces; (2) drying after the cumulative quantification; (3), after measuring the water content, taking out the preliminary drying Post-production, (4), sterilization by temperature; (5) use or storage of the output.
7 200934744 與本發明有關的糞尿排泄物堆肥化之處理方法，所採用乾 式馬桶之原始共為四大部分，第一部分：坐塾下方有一桶 狀容n，其概計’關上側L域尿液及糞便進 人_ ’外祕有—把手可藉由轉動把手赖圓網勻混合介 質。第二部分：在下方有一抽屜櫃可容納糞便與介質。第三部 分為最底侧有一加熱板持續提供定量之溫度以蒸散尿液水分、 乾燥糞便與介質之混合物。第四部份為風扇、可將蒸發之氣體 沿管線導出。 第一步驟所提及之添加介質項，添加介質之用意為加速排 /世物之乾燥化並於排泄物外圍形成一層介質包被，目前使用介 ’ 質為火山灰與泥煤，在排便後添加一匙（容積約2〇〇ml)後轉 動把手，讓内側滾清充分旋轉約兩圈，以促使排泄之糞便與介 質充分混合，利用介質吸附水分之特性將排泄物包被成為塊 ❹❺ 狀，減少異味散出。第二步驟所提及之定量，約為使用60次 後，即可進行卸下產物至抽屜櫃等待乾燥之工作，抽屜櫃容積 約為3500ml，其介質為鬆散結構，在吸收水分體積會收縮緊 實，故在實際操作後約為60次左右進行卸下產物之量為最適 宜’大約能產出3000〜3200ml左右之塊狀產物。第三步驟則為 乾燥作業’卸下至抽屜櫃之產物透過加熱器持續提供之45°C 左右定溫，將產物所含水分做初步乾燥處理，3000 mi左右的 產物於45°C的溫度下經過30天後，可將產物含水量由原80% 200934744 • 降至7〇%左右。第四步驟為高溫滅菌，將含水量達到7〇%之產 物取出，進行殺g作業，此步驟侧台灣亞熱帶充裕日照之陽 光資源，配合太陽能爐來達到高溫滅菌，先從乾式馬桶取出之 . 初步麵後產物，_高溫滅錄包裝後放人太陽鎌爐心以 攝氏120-150¾持續烘烤2小冑（巴斯德滅菌法）_殺菌， 包裝之用意為便於下-步驟之封存處理，_配合太陽能為聚 $加熱之特性，將鬆_產_包裝方式攏集，使其能於最高 /m之爐〜處均句受熱。第五步驟為產物封存或使用，於洪烤階 段中可以視用途來控制太陽能爐烘烤時間，如產物運用於居家 ®藝時’烘烤時間需超過12()分鐘，達到殺菌即可，此時的產 齡水#約_左右’可直接狀土壤供植物栽種使用；若是 欲封存起來’以供政府或民間肥料、化學公司等單位回收則 需延長供烤時間，將產物之含水量降至4〇〜5〇%左右再以容器 _© 密封，避免於封存過程中因保有水氣而發霉。 【實施方式] 實施例 本實施例已於巾請人之實驗住宅實際稱域，其係透過 現有市售乾式馬桶及太陽能爐等設備，將家庭日常產生之翼尿 排泄物^體化、乾燥化後再以太陽能爐高溫滅菌，其產物可做 般家庭_肥料或是可以回收作為化學肥料之基 下請參考附圖，詳細說明本發明。 等 9 200934744 第1圖為本發明之操作流程圖。該方法包括以下幾項步 驟：一、添加定量介質，並使介質與糞便能充分混合。二、於 累積定量後進行乾燥作業。三、測量含水量後取出乾燥後產出 物。四、高溫滅菌。五、產物使用或封存0 該馬桶之原始設計共為四大部分，第一部分：坐墊下方有 一桶狀容器，其為圓桶設計，圓桶上侧有一開口以供尿液及糞 便進入桶内，外殼處有一把手可藉由轉動把手滾動圓桶均勻混 合介質。第二部分：在下方有一抽屜櫃可容納糞便與介質。第 三部分為最底侧有一加熱板持續提供定量之溫度以蒸散尿液 水分、乾燥糞便與介質之混合物。第四部份為風扇、可將蒸發 之氣體沿管線導出。 ❹❾ 第一步驟所提及之添加介質項，添加介質之用意為加速排 泄物之乾燥化並於排泄物外圍形成一層介質包被，目前為使用 原廠之耗材peat moss (火山灰與泥煤）在排便後添加一匙（容 積約200ml)後轉動把手，讓内侧滾筒充分旋轉約兩圈，以促 使排泄之糞便與介質充分混合’利用介質吸附水分之特性將排 泄物包被成為塊狀，減少異味散出。第二步驟所提及之定量， 約為使用60次後，即可進行卸下產物至抽屜櫃等待乾燥之工 作’抽屜櫃容積約為3500ml ’其介質為鬆散結構，在吸收水 分體積會收縮緊實，故在實際操作後約為6〇次左右進行卸下 產物之量為最適宜’大約能產出3000〜3200ml左右之塊狀產 200934744 . 物。第三步驟則為乾燥作業，卸下至抽屜櫃之產物透過加熱器 持續提供之45°C左右定溫，將產物所含水分做初步乾燥處理， 3000 ml左右的產物於45。(：的溫度下經過30天後，可將產物 • 含水量由原80%降至70%左右。第四步驟為高溫滅菌，將含水 量達到70%之產物取出，進行殺菌作業，此步驟利用台灣亞熱 帶充裕曰照之陽光資源，配合太陽能爐來達到高溫滅菌，先從 參H 乾式馬桶取出之初步乾燥後產物，以耐高溫滅菌袋包裝後放入 太陽此爐爐心以攝氏12〇-15〇。〇持續供烤2小時（巴斯德滅菌 法）達到殺菌，包裝之用意為便於下一步驟之封存處理，同時 ㈤合太為聚焦加熱之雖，將難的產物以包裝方式擺 帛’使其能於最高溫之爐心處均勻受熱。第五步驟為產物封存 或仙，於烘烤階段巾可峨崎來_太陽能舰烤時間， 如產物運用於居家園藝時，烘烤時間需超過12〇分鐘，達到殺 ❹❹ 菌即可，此時的產物含水量約65%左右，可直接混入土壤供植 物栽種使用；若是欲封存起來，峨政府或關肥料、化學公 司等單位回收，則需延長供烤時間，將產物之含水量降至 40领左右再以容器密封，避免於封存過程中因保有水氣而發 霉。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為本發明之操作流程圖。7 200934744 The method for composting fecal and urinary excretion related to the present invention, the original use of the dry toilet is a total of four parts, the first part: there is a barrel of n under the seat, its general plan 'close the side L domain urine And the feces into the _ 'outside secrets - the handle can be mixed by turning the handle on the round mesh. Part II: There is a chest of drawers underneath to accommodate feces and media. The third part is divided into a heating plate on the bottom side to continuously provide a quantitative temperature to evaporate urine moisture, dry the mixture of feces and medium. The fourth part is a fan that can evaporate the gas along the pipeline. The addition of the medium mentioned in the first step, the purpose of adding the medium is to accelerate the drying of the platoon/world and form a layer of media coating around the excrement. Currently, the medium is used as volcanic ash and peat, and is added after defecation. After a spoonful (volume about 2〇〇ml), turn the handle and let the inner side roll fully rotate about two times to promote the excretion of the excreted feces and the medium, and use the characteristics of the medium to absorb moisture to coat the excrement into a block shape. Reduce odors. The quantification mentioned in the second step is about 60 times, then the product can be unloaded to the drawer for drying. The volume of the drawer is about 3500 ml. The medium is loose and shrinks when the moisture is absorbed. Therefore, the amount of the product to be unloaded about 60 times after the actual operation is most suitable to produce about 3,000 to 3,200 ml of a block product. The third step is to dry the work 'products that are removed to the chest of drawers through the heater to provide a constant temperature of about 45 ° C, the initial moisture content of the product, about 3000 mi of the product at 45 ° C temperature After 30 days, the water content of the product can be reduced from the original 80% 200934744 • to about 7〇%. The fourth step is high temperature sterilization, and the product with a water content of 7〇% is taken out to carry out the killing operation. This step side of the solar subtropical sunshine in Taiwan is combined with the solar furnace to achieve high temperature sterilization, first taken out from the dry toilet. After the surface of the product, _ high temperature de-recorded packaging, put the sun 镰 furnace heart to 120-1503⁄4 Celsius for 2 hours (Pasteur sterilization) _ sterilization, packaging is intended to facilitate the next-step sealing treatment, _ In combination with the characteristics of solar energy for heating, the loose_production_packaging method is gathered so that it can be heated at the highest/m furnace. The fifth step is product storage or use. In the flooding stage, the solar oven baking time can be controlled according to the application. If the product is used in the home technology, the baking time needs to exceed 12 () minutes to achieve sterilization. When the age of water #约_左右' can be directly used for planting plants; if it is to be sealed for government or private fertilizer, chemical companies and other units to recycle, it is necessary to extend the roasting time, reduce the water content of the product 4〇~5〇% and then sealed with container_© to avoid moldiness due to moisture retention during storage. [Embodiment] Embodiment This embodiment has been in the actual field of the experimental house of the towel applicant. The device is used to dry and dry the daily urinary excretion produced by the household through the existing commercially available dry toilets and solar furnaces. After the high temperature sterilization by the solar furnace, the product can be used as a family-fertilizer or can be recycled as a chemical fertilizer. Please refer to the attached drawings to explain the present invention in detail. Etc. 9 200934744 Figure 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention. The method comprises the following steps: 1. Adding a metering medium and allowing the medium to be thoroughly mixed with the feces. 2. Drying after cumulative quantification. 3. After measuring the water content, the dried product is taken out. Fourth, high temperature sterilization. V. Product use or storage 0 The original design of the toilet is a total of four parts. The first part: there is a barrel-shaped container under the seat cushion, which is designed as a drum. The upper side of the drum has an opening for urine and feces to enter the barrel. A handle is provided at the outer casing to uniformly mix the medium by rotating the handle to roll the drum. Part II: There is a chest of drawers underneath to accommodate feces and media. The third part is a heating plate on the bottom side to continuously provide a quantitative temperature to evaporate urine moisture, dry the mixture of feces and medium. The fourth part is a fan that can evaporate the gas along the pipeline.添加 Adding media items mentioned in the first step, the purpose of adding media is to accelerate the drying of excrement and form a layer of media coating on the periphery of the excrement. Currently, the original consumables (peam moss and peat) are used. After adding a spoonful (volume about 200ml) after defecation, turn the handle and let the inner roller rotate about two times to promote the excretion of the feces and the medium. 'The characteristics of moisture absorption by the medium will make the excrement become a block and reduce the odor. shed. The amount mentioned in the second step is about 60 times, then the product can be removed to the drawer for drying. The drawer volume is about 3500ml. The medium is loose and shrinks when the moisture is absorbed. Actually, the amount of unloaded product is about 6 〇 after the actual operation is the most suitable 'about can produce 3000~3200ml block production 200934744. The third step is the drying operation, and the product removed to the drawer cabinet is continuously supplied with a constant temperature of about 45 ° C through the heater, and the moisture content of the product is initially dried, and the product of about 3000 ml is at 45. After 30 days at (: temperature, the product water content can be reduced from 80% to 70%. The fourth step is high temperature sterilization, and the product with water content of 70% is taken out for sterilization operation. This step is utilized. Taiwan's subtropical abundant sunshine resources, in conjunction with solar furnaces to achieve high temperature sterilization, first take out the preliminary dried products from the dry H dry toilet, packaged in high temperature sterilization bags and placed in the heart of the furnace at 12〇-15〇 〇Continuously for 2 hours (Pasteurization) to achieve sterilization, the packaging is intended to facilitate the next step of sealing treatment, and (5) the combination is too focused on heating, the difficult product is packaged It can be evenly heated at the highest temperature heart. The fifth step is product storage or scent, and the towel can be baked at the baking stage. _ Solar ship roasting time, if the product is used in home gardening, the baking time should exceed 12 In a few minutes, the killing bacteria can be reached. At this time, the water content of the product is about 65%, which can be directly mixed into the soil for planting and planting; if it is to be sealed up, the government or the fertilizer or chemical company For unit recycling, it is necessary to extend the roasting time, reduce the water content of the product to about 40 collars and seal it with the container to avoid molding due to moisture retention during the storage process. [Simplified illustration] Figure 1 is the operation of the present invention. flow chart.