TW200522623A - Reduced complexity sliding window based equalizer - Google Patents
Reduced complexity sliding window based equalizer Download PDFInfo
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- TW200522623A TW200522623A TW093127055A TW93127055A TW200522623A TW 200522623 A TW200522623 A TW 200522623A TW 093127055 A TW093127055 A TW 093127055A TW 93127055 A TW93127055 A TW 93127055A TW 200522623 A TW200522623 A TW 200522623A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
- H04B1/7085—Synchronisation aspects using a code tracking loop, e.g. a delay-locked loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L25/03012—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain
- H04L25/03019—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception
- H04L25/03057—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception with a recursive structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L25/03178—Arrangements involving sequence estimation techniques
- H04L25/03248—Arrangements for operating in conjunction with other apparatus
- H04L25/03292—Arrangements for operating in conjunction with other apparatus with channel estimation circuitry
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L2025/03592—Adaptation methods
- H04L2025/03598—Algorithms
- H04L2025/03605—Block algorithms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/0212—Channel estimation of impulse response
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/024—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
- H04L25/0242—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms using matrix methods
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Description
200522623 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是關於一般無線通訊系統。特別是,本發明關於此 系統中之數據偵測。 【先前技術】 因為增加改良的接收器性能需求,許多高級接收器使用 zero forcing (ZF)區塊線性等化器以及最小均方差(mmse) 等化器。 在這兩種方法中,接收訊號係典型地以依照一等式1為模
......... N 寻式i /係接收向量,包含接收訊號之樣品。Η為頻道反應矩陣^ D係數據向量。在延展光譜系統中,例如分碼多重存取 —(CDMA)系統中,d係延展數據向量。在CDMA系統中, 母個別的选碼的數據係以該密碼來非延展估計數據向量d 而被產生。η為雜訊向量。 在一 ZF區塊線性等化器中,數據向量被估計,例如依昭 一等式2。 ^ 等式2 d 二(Η 丫 \
(· )H係複雜共輕移項(或Hermetian)操作。在一 MMSE 區塊線,等化器中,數據向量係被估計,例如依昭一 d = (HHH + a2iYr " 等式3 、在無線頻道經驗多路徑增值中,為了使用這些方法準確偵 測數據需要一極大數量的接收樣品被使用。降低複雜性之一方 法f為一滑窗方法。在滑窗方法中,接收樣品之一預先決定的 視^以及頻道反應係被使用於數據偵測中。在初始偵測之後, 、囪係、/月下到隔壁的樣品。此處理繼績直到通訊停止。 中ίί,使用一極大量的樣品,一誤差係被導入數據偵測 决差在視窗開始以及終止係最顯著的,該處極大序列之有 200522623 效截短=部分具有最大作用。降低這些誤差的一個方法係使用 二大視窗尺寸以及截短在視窗開始以及結束之結果。視窗被截 •紐,部分係被決定於先前或接下來的視窗中。此方法具有相當 的複雜性。大視窗尺寸導致使用於數據估計之矩陣以及向量之 大尺=。此外,此方法藉由在視窗開始以及結束偵測數據係不 為计异有效的且接著丢棄該數據。 據此,想要有可供選擇的數據偵測方法。 【發明内容】 數據估計係被執行於一無線通訊系統中。一接收向量係被 產生。以使用於估計接收向量之一所欲部分的數據,一頻道估 什矩陣之一過去,一中心以及一未來部分係被決定。過去部分 與接收訊號之一部份優先於數據所欲部分關聯。未來部分與接 收向量之一部份在數據所欲部分之後關聯以及中心部分與接 收向量關聯所欲部分之一部份關聯。數據所欲部分係被估計無 有效截短的偵測數據。估計數據的所欲部分使用一最小均方差 演算法具有頻道估計矩陣之中心部分之輸入以及接收向量之 一部份。頻道估計矩陣之過去以及未來部分係被使用以校正係 數於最小均方差演算法中。 【實施方式】 此後,一無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU)包含但不侷限於 一使用者裝置’行動基地,固定或行動無線電話單元,呼叫器, 或者任何類型的裝置可以操作於一無線環境中。當參考此後, 一基地台包含但不限制於一 Node-B,位置控制器,存取點或 任何其他類型的介面裝置於一無線環境中。 雖然降低複雜性滑_專化裔係被描述與^ —較佳無線分碼 多重存取通訊系統有關,例如CDMA2000以及全球行動陸地 系統(UMTS)分頻雙工(FDD),時間分割雙工(TDD)模 200522623 式以及時間分割同步CDMA (TD-SCDMA),其可被使用於多 種通汛系統且,特別是,不同的無線通訊系統。在一無線通訊 系統中,其可被使用傳輸接收藉由一 WTRU從一基地台,藉 由基地台從一個或多個WTRUS接收或者藉由一個W 丁 從另外的WTRU接收,例如在一 whoc模式的操作中。 下列文中描述一降低複雜性滑窗之方法基於使用一較佳 的MMSE濟异法之等化器。然而,其他演算法可被使用,例 ^謂細哗演算法。,為一頻道之脈衝反應。雄)係為 弟k個傳輸樣品,其係被展開—符號使用_展開密碼所產生。 其亦可為晶片的總和,其藉由展開-組符號使用-組的密碼產 生,例如舉行密碼。K_)係接收訊號。系統的模型可如依照一等 式4所表達。 、 响:裏fW卜κ)+η(ή 一 °°心<〇0 等式4 啪係附加的雜訊以及干擾(胞元内以及胞元間)之總和。 =間化’下列文中係被描述假設“速特樣係被使用於接 ^雖然其他採樣速率可能被使用,例如晶片速率之一倍 數。採樣接收訊號可被表示如依照一等式$。 T ^ k— α{···,—2,—咖,2,··.}等式 5 c係被停止以簡化標記。 假設响具有—有限的支持且係時間不變的。此表示在分 200522623 離時間範圍中,指數L存在冲)=0而<0且心1。結果,等式5 可被重新寫成等式6。 L-1 等式6 r0*) = Σ h(k)d(j n(j) k=0 考慮接收訊號具有M接收訊號K〇),…,Km-Ο,結果為 等式7。 r ~ Hd + η 其中, r = [K〇),.",Kn)FecM, = 0 h{L-2) KL-l) h(L-2)
Hi) m /2⑴ h(L - 2) 0 K〇) 0 · _ · Λ(1) h(0) e 等式7 向量d之部分可使用一趨近等式被決定。假設M>1且定 ,向量d係依照—等式8。 [(丄 + 1)斗i + 2),...,ll),卿,軌·.,_ —〇,琴),,離+ z —2)]r 一2 々 等式8 -等式7中的Η矩陣為—有帶矩陣,其可被表示如圖一之 圖不。在圖一中,在陰影P A — WL K域的母一列代表向量 )卷2),…綱。)】,如等式7中所示。 代替估計所有的元件於d中,/#女j τ、α宁,僅有d之中間]^元件被估 200522623 使用相同觀察資料於j· 為依照等式10。 元件如依照一等式9所示 等式9 一趨近線性關係於r以及J之間
Hd 矩陣汉可被表示如圖示於圖 r _ 0 ··. 等式10 中或如依照等式η。 六⑴ Λ(0) ·. 0 H〇) /2⑴ KL-l) Η h(L -1) ; ·· 〇 h(L-\) *. 等式11 ,^ 寺工、JL上 不r、第L-1以及最後的元件係不相等於等 式10右手邊的數。結果,在向量“端的元件將比那些靠近 中心的7L件較不精確地被估計。因為此特性,—滑窗方法係較 佳地使用以估計傳輪樣品,例如晶片。 在每-個,滑窗方法之第k步驟中,一可靠數量的接收樣 。口係轉在()巾具有尺寸。他們係被使用以估計一組 傳輸數據响具有尺寸N使財式1G。在向量如被估計之 後,僅有被估計向量’之中間部分被使用於進—步的數據處 理,例如藉由降低延展。_之,,較低,,部分(或時間部分較晚 的)在滑窗程序之下一步中係再次被估計,其中啦+ 1]具有元 件明的-些以及-些新接收樣品,即其係明之—偏移(滑) 200522623 的方式。 雖然,較佳地’視窗尺寸N以及滑步尺寸係設計參數,(基 於延遲頻道(L)的延展,數據估計的準碟性要求以及方法複 雜性限制),下列文中使用斥窗尺寸之等式12來說明,
N = 4NxSF 等式12 SF係延展係數。典型的視窗尺寸為5到2〇倍大於頻道脈 衝反應,雖然其他尺寸可能被使用。 滑步尺寸基於等式12之視窗尺寸係,較佳地,為声。 心{I,2,···}係’較佳地,留作為一設計參數。此外,在每一滑步 中’送到降低延展器之估計晶片係為元件於估計的舢 之中間。此步驟係被說明於圖三中。 ▲數據偵測之-演料制—MMSE演算具有模型誤差 板正使用-滑窗基礎的方法以及等式ig之系統模型。 —為近域,數據的估計’例如晶片,具有誤差,特別地, =每—滑步中(開始與結束)數據向量的兩端。為了校正此誤 ’ Η矩陣再等式7中係_分為—區制矩陣,如依照等式 下標符號V,代表” 等式13 ^ , ττ 、方而土代表未來。沒係如依照 寺式10°ΉΡ如等式14。 200522623 /2(1-1) h(L-2) 0 h(L-l) …h{\)' …/2(2) Η” Η, 0 … 0 h(L-l) 0 0 _ 0 0 Hf如等式15。 "0 • · · * · * 0 0 0 m 0 … 0 0 h(L - 3) … _ 0 _h(L - 2) h(L - 3)… /2(0) € Ε 荨式14 荨式15 向量d係亦被劃分成區塊如等式%。 d = [dTp\dT\dTf]T J係與等式8相同且dp係如等式17。 dp =[d^L + l)d(-L + 2)^d(-\)]T ecl~] 心係如等式18。 df 二[d(N、d(N+ Y).,.d(N + L - 2)]T eCL—' 專式18 原來的系統模型係接著如等式19以及如圖四中所示。 r = H pdp + Hd + H fdf + η 一方法以等式19為模型係如等式2〇。 r=Hd+nx 等式16 專式17 荨式19 其中 r^r-Hd
p P 使用-MMSE演算法,估計數據向^係如等式η 荨式20 所示 12 200522623 等式21 等式22
d = gdHH(gdHHM 在等式21中,心係為晶片能量如等式22。 E{d{i)d\j)} = gdSij 5係如等式23。 ,…H:dp 係根據先前滑窗步驟中7之估計部分。[】係6之自動 關聯矩陣,即,4 =邱^"}。如假設以及n係未互相關聯, 等式24造成。
^=gdHfHHf +E{nnH) λ 等式24 、的可k度依賴於滑窗尺寸(關於頻道延遲橫跨L)以及 滑步尺寸。 此方法亦被描述關聯圖五之流程圖以及圖六之較佳的接 收裔組件,其可被執行於一 WTRU或基地台中。圖六的電路 可被執行於一單一積體電路(IC)上,例如一應用特殊積體電
路(ASIC),於多1C上,如分離組件或如—IC以及分離組件 之組合。 -頻道估計裝置2G處理減向量r產生頻道估計矩陣部 分〃 ’ π以及/ ’(步驟5〇),一未來雜訊自動關聯裝置%決 定-未來雜訊自動關聯係數,,(步驟52)。_雜訊自 動關聯裝置22決定一雜訊自動關聯係數,可,(步驟。 一總和計异器26計算兩係數之總和以產生Σι,(步驟允)。 13 200522623 一過去輸入校正裝置2δ取頻道反應矩陣之過去部分, ρ,以及數據向量4一過去被決定的部分,來產生一過去校
係數,/ρ ’(步驟58)。一減算器30從接收向量減去過去 ^係數產生一校正的接收向量,F,(步驟60) 〇 —]V[MSE 裝置34使用Σ,,分以及#決定接收數據向量中心部分#,如等 式21 (步驟62)。下一個視窗係以相同方法被決定,使用乏之 —部份作為心於下一個視窗決定中,(步驟64)。如說明於此
方去中’鶴興趣㈣分之數據,纟,被歧降低包含在輯 偵冽以及數據向量不欲的部份之截短中的複雜性。 在另一個方法的數據偵測中,僅有雜訊被校正。在此步驟 中,系統模型係如等式25。 导式25 一使用一 MMSE演算,被估計的數據向量乏係如等式冗所 示〇
^gdHN(gdHHH +^2rlr 等式26 假設,β〆/以及n係不互相關聯,等式27造成。 X2^gdHpH; ^gdHfHHf ^E{nnH) 等式27 為了降低使用等式27解等式26之複雜性,以及 A之-完全矩陣乘法係不需要,因為僅以及下方角落 的^以及分別地為非零,一般而言。 此方法亦被描述關聯圖七之流程圖以及圖八較佳的接收 14 200522623 器組件,其可被石行於-WTRU或基地台。圖八的電路可被 石行於一單—積體電路(IC),例如-應用特殊積體電路 (厦),於多IC中,例如分離組 I且合。
頻道估口十衣置36處理接收向量產生頻道估計矩陣部 刀μ分以及(步驟70)。一雜訊自動關聯校正裝置% 決定一雜訊自動關聯校正係數,义〃,使用頻道反 應矩陣之未來以及過去部分,(步驟72)。一雜訊自動關ς裝 置40決定一雜訊自動關聯係數,咖"},(步驟74)。-總和 計算器42加入雜訊自動關聯校正係數到雜訊自動關聯係數以 產生Σ”(步驟76 )。- MMSE裝置44使财心部份或頻道反 應矩陣及,接收以及Σ估計數據向量之中心部分乏,(步 驟78)。此方法的—個優點為不需要使則貞測數據之—回饋迴 路。結果,不同的滑窗可平行地且不連續地被決定。
上述a兒明本發明之最初方案較佳例子。雖然本發明參考較 k貝施例作特別顯示及說明,但熟練技術人士應了解只要不背 離上述本發明鱗,均可作各種型式及細節的修改。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖一係說明一有帶頻道反應矩陣之一圖示。 圖=係說明有帶頻道反應矩陣之一中心部分之一圖示。 圖二係說明一數據向量視窗具有一個可能的劃分之一圖示 圖四係說明一被劃分的訊號模式之一圖示。 15 200522623 圖五係滑窗數據偵測使用— 圖六係一接收器使用一過去 ^ ,、处之一流程圖。 圖七係滑$數_測朗-=1^=數據铜。 圖。 雜汛自動關聯校正係數之一流程 圖八係一接收器使用一雜 測。 σίι自動關聯权正係數之滑窗數據偵 【主要元件符號說明】 20、36頻道估計裝置 22、40雜訊自動關聯裝置 24未來雜訊自動關聯裝置 26、42總和計算器 28過去輸入校正裝置 30減算器 34、44 MMSE 裝置 38雜訊自動關聯校正裝置 MMSE最小均方差 CDMA分碼多重存取 WTRU無線傳輸/接收單元 UMTS全球行動陸地系統 FDD分頻雙工 _ TDD 時間分割雙工 1C單一積體電路 ASIC應用特殊積體電路 16
Claims (1)
- 200522623 十、申請專利範圍: 1 進魏據估計的妓,該方法包含·· r ,. 未來部分係與在數據所欲部分之後 J部=聯’該 ^聯該中心部分係與該所欲數據部分聯部 數;ίΓ頻道估計矩陣之過去與未來部分崎計-雜訊係 所欲部分。 取J叼万差肩异法以估計該數據 將該未來部上中該雜訊係數係藉著 部分和該過去部分的HenLain 加^該過去 訊自動關聯值。 積而估计出,成為一雜 3.:=輪二單:裝(,’其包含: 的^以決頻道估計矩陣之-過去、—中心及-未來部八 ~部分關聯,:、、在數據所欲部分之後的接收向量的 向量之-部份關聯心部分係與該所欲數據部分關聯的接收 數的ΐϊ該2估計矩陣之過去與未來部分而用以估計雜訊係 —部道估計矩陣之中心部分的輸入、接收向量之 數據所卿二J置峨的一最小均方差演算法而用以估計該 200522623 4.如申請專利範圍第3項所诚夕 雜訊係數係藉著將該未來 專接收單元,其中該 乘積加上該财部分和4 = 3來#的Hermetain之 計出,成為-雜訊自動關聯刀的—之乘積而估 5· —種基地台,其包含·· 用以產生一接收向量的裝置;的穿Π:?估計矩陣之—過去、-中心及-未來部分 部,^ίΐσί"分係與先於數據所欲部分之接收訊號之一 —i ^㈣了以及了ί係與在數據所欲部分之後的接收向量的 向量之=卩份_# 部分係與該所欲數據部分w的接收 數的ίί該古計矩㈣去與未來部分而用以估計雜訊係 -部ίίίϊϊ頻道估計矩陣之中心部分的輸入、接收向量之 數“欲部;的係數的-最小均方差演算法而用以估計該 第5項所述之基地台’其中該雜訊係數係藉 去邱:二刀和該未來部分的Hermetain之乘積加上該過 邹分的一之乘積而估計出,成為-18
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-
2004
- 2004-03-02 TW TW093105436A patent/TWI260143B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-03-02 MX MXPA05009321A patent/MXPA05009321A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2004-03-02 KR KR1020097004271A patent/KR101065426B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-03-02 JP JP2006501211A patent/JP4448847B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-02 US US10/791,244 patent/US7428279B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-02 CN CNB200480005428XA patent/CN100479338C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-02 CN CN200910133164A patent/CN101521639A/zh active Pending
- 2004-03-02 TW TW093127055A patent/TW200522623A/zh unknown
- 2004-03-02 KR KR1020057020691A patent/KR101021569B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-03-02 EP EP04716409A patent/EP1604466A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-03-02 KR KR1020057016365A patent/KR100769097B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-03-02 TW TW096106567A patent/TW200805959A/zh unknown
- 2004-03-02 WO PCT/US2004/006162 patent/WO2004079927A2/en active Search and Examination
- 2004-03-02 CA CA002516946A patent/CA2516946A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2005
- 2005-09-28 NO NO20054489A patent/NO20054489L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1604466A4 (en) | 2007-06-27 |
CA2516946A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
KR20090030351A (ko) | 2009-03-24 |
WO2004079927A2 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
MXPA05009321A (es) | 2005-11-04 |
KR20050120633A (ko) | 2005-12-22 |
TWI260143B (en) | 2006-08-11 |
WO2004079927A3 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
CN1754322A (zh) | 2006-03-29 |
KR100769097B1 (ko) | 2007-10-23 |
KR101065426B1 (ko) | 2011-09-19 |
TW200805959A (en) | 2008-01-16 |
CN100479338C (zh) | 2009-04-15 |
TW200421797A (en) | 2004-10-16 |
US7428279B2 (en) | 2008-09-23 |
EP1604466A2 (en) | 2005-12-14 |
NO20054489L (no) | 2005-11-28 |
KR20050111798A (ko) | 2005-11-28 |
JP2006520127A (ja) | 2006-08-31 |
CN101521639A (zh) | 2009-09-02 |
US20050031024A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
JP4448847B2 (ja) | 2010-04-14 |
KR101021569B1 (ko) | 2011-03-16 |
NO20054489D0 (no) | 2005-09-28 |
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