SU978305A1

SU978305A1 - Reversible dc electric drive

Info

Publication number: SU978305A1
Application number: SU813263209A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Михаил Алексеевич Боровиков; Аркадий Павлович Инешин; Юрий Николаевич Сидоров
Original assignee: Ульяновский политехнический институт; Ульяновский Машиностроительный Завод Им.Володарского
Priority date: 1981-01-19
Filing date: 1981-01-19
Publication date: 1982-11-30

Description

Изобретение относится к электротехнике и может быть применено в системах следящего электропривода постоянного тока.The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in dc tracking electric drive systems.

Известен электропривод постоянного тока, содержащий мостовой полупроводниковый преобразователь, к которому подключен двигатель постоянного тока с двумя сериесными обмотками возбуждения, включенными согласно между выходными разнополярными клеммами преобразователя, каждая из которых шунтирована двумя последовательно соединенными диодами, к точкам соединения которых подключена обмотка двигателя [1].Known DC electric drive containing a bridge semiconductor converter, to which a DC motor is connected with two series excitation windings connected in accordance with between output bipolar converter terminals, each of which is shunted by two series-connected diodes, to the connection points of which the motor winding is connected [1].

Недостатками этого устройства являются его сложность за счет значительного количества диодов, а также то, что шунтирование обмоток диодами приводит к резкому повышению постоянной составляющей тока возбуждения. Последний недостаток требует включе-, ния в контур тока нагрузки токоогра2 ничивающих элементов, ухудшающих энергетические и динамические характеристики указанного привода.The disadvantages of this device are its complexity due to the significant number of diodes, as well as the fact that bypassing the windings with diodes leads to a sharp increase in the constant component of the excitation current. The last drawback requires the inclusion of load limiting elements in the load current loop that impair the energy and dynamic characteristics of the specified drive.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому является реверсивный электропривод постоянного тока, содержащий электродвигатель постоянного тока, один вы вод якорной обмотки которого связан с общей точкой одной из групп вентилей управляемого мостового преобразователя, подключенного к согласующему силовому трансформатору, нулевой вывод которого подключен к токоограничительному реактору, и сериес₁₅ ную обмотку возбуждения [2].Closest to the proposed one is a reversible DC drive containing a DC motor, one output of the anchor winding of which is connected to a common point of one of the valve groups of a controlled bridge converter connected to a matching power transformer, the zero output of which is connected to a current-limiting reactor, and series ₁₅ excitation winding [2].

Недостатком известного электропривода являются значительные вес и габариты за счет недостаточной степени электрического и теплового использо20 вания обмотки возбуждения и сравнительно низкая перегрузочная способность по моменту.A disadvantage of the known electric drive is its considerable weight and dimensions due to the insufficient degree of electric and thermal use of the field winding and the relatively low torque overload capacity.

Цель изобретения - уменьшение веса и габаритов двигателя путем улуч978305 шения теплового и электрического использования обмотки возбуждения и повышение перегрузочной способности.The purpose of the invention is to reduce the weight and dimensions of the motor by improving the thermal and electrical use of the field winding and increasing the overload capacity.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в электропривод постоянного 5 тока введены дополнительный управляемый мостовой преобразователь, подключенный параллельно основному, и два неуправляемых вентиля, а обмотка возбуждения выполнена в виде двух 10 секций, каждая из которых включена согласно между общими точками противоположных групп вентилей мостовых преобразователей, якорная обмотка подключена между общими точками вен- 15 тилей катодных групп мостовых преобразователей, общая точка вентилей анодных групп каждого из которых подключена к аноду соответствующего неуправляемого вентиля, катоды которых 20 соединены с свободным выводом токоограничительного реактора.This goal is achieved by the fact that an additional controlled bridge converter connected in parallel with the main one and two uncontrolled valves are introduced into the DC 5 current drive, and the field winding is made in the form of two 10 sections, each of which is connected according to between common points of the opposite groups of bridge converter valves, the anchor winding is connected between common venues of 15 cathode groups of bridge converters, the common point of the valves of the anode groups of each of which is connected the anode of the corresponding unsteered valve 20 whose cathodes are connected to the free terminal of the current limiting reactor.

На чертеже представлена электрическая схема электропривода постоянного тока. 25The drawing shows an electrical diagram of a DC electric drive. 25

Электропривод содержит электродвигатель 1 постоянного тока, якорная обмотка которого подключена между общими точками вентилей катодных групп управляемых'мостовых преобразователей ₃₀2 и 3, соединенных со вторичными обмотками согласующего силового трансформатора 4, нулевой вывод которого через токоограничительный реактор 5 подключен к катодам неуправляемых _3Jвентилей 6 и 7, анодами соединенных с общими точками вентилей анодных групп соответствующих преобразователей 2 и 3, сериесная обмотка возбуждения выполнена в виде двух секций 8 и 9» подключенных между общими точками противоположных групп вентилей /мостовых преобразователей 1 и 2.The electric drive contains a DC motor 1, the anchor winding of which is connected between the common points of the valves of the cathode groups of the controlled bridge converters ₃₀ 2 and 3, connected to the secondary windings of the matching power transformer 4, the zero output of which through the current-limiting reactor 5 is connected to the cathodes of the uncontrolled _3J valves 6 and 7, the anodes connected to common points of the valves of the anode groups of the corresponding converters 2 and 3, the series excitation winding is made in the form of two sections 8 and 9 " heaters when not operating between common points opposite groups of valves / bridge converters 1 and 2.

Электропривод работает следующим образом.The electric drive operates as follows.

При открытии вентилей преобразователя 2 по якорной цепи и обмотке 9 возбуждения протекает ток от катодной _ группы преобразователя 2 к его анодной группе, а по секции 8 обмотки возбуждения от катодной группы преоб-⁵⁰разователя 2 через вентиль 7 и реактор 5 - к нулевой точке вторичных обмоток трансформатора 4, при этом двигатель 1 вращается в определенном направлении. При открытии вентилей другого преобразователя 3 по якорю и секции 8 обмотки возбуждения протекает ток от катодной группы преобра зователя 3 к его анодной группе, а по секции 9 обмотки - ток от катодной группы преобразователя 3 через вентиль 6 и реактор 5 к нулевому выходу трансформатора 4. Причем при измене|нии направления тока в якоре, направление в обмотках возбуждения не изменяется, что обеспечивает реверс двигателя. При реверсе уравниваемые токи, протекающие между преобразователями 2 и 3, ограничиваются до безопасной величины обмотками 8 и 9 возбуждения двигателя 1.,When opening the valve the transducer 2 and the anchor chain winding 9 excitation current flows from the cathode _ group converter 2 to its anode group, and in the excitation winding section 8 of the cathode group preob- verters ⁵⁰ 2 through the valve 7 and the reactor is 5 - to the zero point of the secondary the windings of the transformer 4, while the motor 1 rotates in a certain direction. When the valves of another converter 3 are opened, the current from the cathode group of the converter 3 flows to the anode group through the armature and section 8 of the field coil, and the current from the cathode group of the converter 3 passes through valve 6 and reactor 5 to the zero output of transformer 4 through the coil section 9. Moreover, when the direction of the current in the armature changes, the direction in the field windings does not change, which ensures the reverse of the motor. When reversing, the equalized currents flowing between the converters 2 and 3 are limited to a safe value by the excitation windings 8 and 9 of the motor 1.,

Предлагаемый реверсивный электропривод постоянного тока позволяет улучшить тепловое и электрическое использование обмоток возбуждения, что дает возможность в одних случаях увеличить мощность на валу двигателя, в других - уменьшить весо-габариты двигателя при сохранении мощности на валу.The proposed reversible DC electric drive allows to improve the thermal and electrical use of the field windings, which makes it possible in some cases to increase the power on the motor shaft, in others - to reduce the weight and dimensions of the motor while maintaining the power on the shaft.

Claims

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be applied in systems of a follower electric direct current drive. A direct current drive is known, comprising a bridge semiconductor converter to which a direct current motor is connected with two series excitation windings connected according to between converter output terminals / t, each of which is shunted by two series-connected diodes, to the connection points of which are connected motor winding 1. The disadvantages of this device are its complexity due to the significant number of diodes, as well as the fact that the bypass winding diode This leads to a sharp increase in the constant component of the excitation current. The latter drawback requires the inclusion of current-limiting elements in the load current circuit, which degrade the energy and dynamic characteristics of the specified drive. Closest to the present invention is a direct current reversible electric drive containing a direct current electric motor, one output of the core winding of which is connected to the common point of one of the valve groups of a controlled bridge converter connected to a matching power transformer, the zero output of which is connected to a current-limiting reactor and serial winding C2. The disadvantage of the known electric drive is the considerable weight and dimensions due to the insufficient degree of electrical and thermal use of the excitation winding and the relatively low torque overload capacity. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the weight and size of the engine by improving the thermal and electrical use of the field winding and increasing the overload capacity. The goal is achieved by the fact that an additional controlled bridge converter, connected in parallel to the main one, and two uncontrolled valves, are introduced into the DC drive, and the field winding is made in two sections, each of which is connected according to common points of opposite groups of bridge converters , The root winding is connected between the common points of the valves of the cathode groups of bridge converters, the common point of the valves of the anode groups of each of which is connected to a The node of the corresponding uncontrolled valve, the cathodes of which are connected to the free output of the current-limiting reactor. The drawing shows an electrical circuit of a direct current drive. The electric drive contains a direct current electric motor 1, the root winding of which is connected between common points of cathode valve gates of controlled bridge converters 2 and 3 connected to the secondary windings of matching power transformer k, the zero output of which is connected to cathodes of uncontrollable valves 6 via zero limiting reactor 5 and 7, anodes of the anode groups of the respective converters 2 and 3 connected to common points of the valves, the series winding of the field winding is made in the form of two sections 8 and 9. between the common points of the opposite valve groups of the bridge converters 1 and

2.: The drive works as follows. When the valves are opened, the transformer 2 of the core circuit and the excitation winding 9 current flows from the cathode group of converter 2 to its anode group, and through section 8 of the excitation winding from the cathode group of converter 2 through valve 7 and reactor 5 to the zero point of the secondary windings of the transformer t, while the motor 1 rotates in a certain direction. When the valves of the other converter 3 are opened, the current from the cathode group of the converter 3 to its anode group flows through the core and section 8 of the excitation winding, and the current from the cathode group of converter 3 flows through the valve 6 and reactor 5 to the zero output of the transformer 4 through the winding section 9. Moreover, when changing the direction of the current in the bark, the direction in the excitation windings does not change, which ensures the reverse of the motor. During the reverse, the equalized currents flowing between converters 2 and 3 are limited to a safe value by the excitation windings 8 and 9 of the motor 1. The proposed DC reverse electric drive allows to improve the thermal and electrical use of the excitation windings, which makes it possible in some cases increase the engine shaft power; in others, reduce the engine weight-dimensions while maintaining the shaft power. Claims An inverse DC motor drive containing a DC motor, one output of the core winding of which is connected to a common point of one of the valve groups of a controlled bridge converter, connected to a matching power transformer, the zero output of which is connected to a current-limiting reactor, and a serial one field winding distinguished by 1C in order to reduce the weight and size of the engine by improving the thermal and electrical use of the field winding and an increase in torque overload capacity, an additional controlled bridge valve converter connected in parallel to the main one and two uncontrolled valves are inserted into the drive, and the field winding is made in two sections, each of which is connected according to common points of opposite groups of bridge converter valves , The root winding is connected between the common points of the valves of the cathode groups of bridge converters, the common point of the valves of the anode groups of each of which are keys corresponding to the anode an uncontrolled fan, which cathodes soe5 978 305 6

Dineny with a free tokogogra-1 conclusion, USSR Authoring certificate

unremarkable reactor. 610273, cl. H02 P 5/06, 1976.

Sources of information 2. USSR authorship

taken into account in the examination of Vf563707, cl. H02 P 5/06, 197.