SU977149A1

SU977149A1 - Centrifugal percussion mechanism /its versions/

Info

Publication number: SU977149A1
Application number: SU813282475A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Борис Андреевич Шевченко; Владимир Петрович Аксенов
Original assignee: Фрунзенский политехнический институт
Priority date: 1981-05-06
Filing date: 1981-05-06
Publication date: 1982-11-30

Description

(54) ЦЕНТРОБЕЖНЫЙ УДАРНЫЙ МЕХАНИЗМ (54) CENTRIFUGAL SHOCK MECHANISM

1one

Изобретение относитс к ударным механизмам ручных механизированных инструментов и может быть использовано в строительных работах и других, требующих высокой энергии единичного удара.The invention relates to percussion mechanisms of hand-operated mechanized tools and can be used in construction work and others that require a high energy of a single blow.

Известен ударный механизм, содержащий корпус, привод, маховик с продольным пазом и ударник, перемещающийс в пазу 1.A percussion mechanism is known, comprising a housing, an actuator, a flywheel with a longitudinal groove and a hammer moving in groove 1.

Недостатки известного ударного механизма - малые надежность и долговечность , св занные с высокими ударными нагрузками в паре маховик-ударник.The disadvantages of the known percussion mechanism are low reliability and durability associated with high impact loads in a pair of flywheel-drummer.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому по технической х сущности и достигаемому результату вл етс центробежный ударный механизм, содержащий привод, корпус, размещенные в нем маховик с диаметральным пазом, соединенный с приводом, ударник, размещенный в пазу маховика и выполненный в виде св занных между собой гибким элементом щарового бойка и противовеса, возвратнук) пружину ударника, синхронизирующий узел, управл ющий узел и св занный с ним фиксатор 2. (ЕГО ВАРИАНТЫ)The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a centrifugal percussion mechanism containing a drive, a housing, a flywheel with a diametral groove in it, connected to the drive, a drummer placed in the groove of the flywheel and made in the form of interconnected flexible element ball joint and counterweight, return spring of the firing pin, synchronizing unit, control unit and associated latch 2. (ITS VERSIONS)

Недостатком известного центробежного ударного механизма вл етс передача высоких нагрузок на фиксатор, что ограничивает ударную мощность и снижает надежность механизма.A disadvantage of the known centrifugal percussion mechanism is the transfer of high loads to the clamp, which limits the impact power and reduces the reliability of the mechanism.

5Цель изобретени - повыщение ударной5The purpose of the invention is to boost the shock.

мощности и надежности центробежного ударного механизма.power and reliability of the centrifugal shock mechanism.

Указанна цель достигаетс в первом варианте выполнени тем, что центробеж ,Q ный ударный механизм, содержащий привод , корпус, размещенные в нем маховик с диаметральным пазом, соединенный с приводом , ударник, размещенный в пазу маховика и выполненный в виде св занных между собой гибким элементом щарового бойка и противовеса, возвратную пружину ударника, синхронизирующий узел, управл ющий узел и св занный с ним фиксатор, снабжен направл ющей втулкой с радиальным отверстием, жестко св занной с противовесом и гибким элементом, который вы20 полнен в виде трубы, и подпружиненным грузом цилиндрической формы с кольцевым пазом на наружной поверхности, взаимодействующим с фиксатором, размещенным в Направл ющей втулке и гибком элементеThis goal is achieved in the first embodiment by the fact that the centrifugal mechanism Q has a drive mechanism, a housing, a flywheel in it with a diametral groove connected to the drive, a drummer placed in the groove of the flywheel and made in the form of interconnected flexible element ball spout and counterweight, the impactor return spring, the synchronization unit, the control unit and the associated latch, are provided with a guide bushing with a radial hole rigidly connected to the counterweight and a flexible element that 20 in the form of a full pipe, and a spring-loaded cargo cylindrical shape with an annular groove on the outer surface cooperating with a clamp placed in the guide sleeve and the flexible member

со смещением центра масс относительно оси маховика в сторону шарового бойка, причем груз может быть .выполнен в виде нескольких масс, св занных шарнирно.with the displacement of the center of mass relative to the flywheel axis in the direction of the ball striker, and the load can be carried out in the form of several masses connected by a hinge.

Во втором варианте выполнени указанна цель достигаетс тем, что центробежНый ударный механизм, содержащий привод , корпус, размещенные в нем маховик с диаметральным пазом, соединенный с приводом, ударник, размещенный в пазу маховика и выполненный в виде св занных между собой гибким элементом в виде троса шарового бойка и противовеса, B03BpatHyro пружину ударника, синхронизирующий узел, управл ющий узел и св занный с ним фиксатор , снабжен направл ющим стержнем, жестко св занным с противовесом и гибКИМ элементом, и подпружиненным грузом, выполненным в виде кольца с кольцевым пазом или .упором на наружной поверхности , взаимодейстБук)щим с фиксатором и размещенным на направл ющем стержне со смещением центра масс от оси маховика в сторону бойка, при этом направл ющий стержень установлен параллельно диаметральному пазу.In the second embodiment, this goal is achieved by the fact that a centrifugal percussion mechanism comprising an actuator, a housing, a flywheel accommodated therein with a diametrical groove connected to the actuator, a drummer placed in the groove of the flywheel and made in the form of a cable connected to each other by a flexible element ball and counterweight, B03BpatHyro spring of the striker, synchronizing unit, control unit and associated latch, equipped with a guide rod rigidly connected to the counterweight and flexible element, and spring loaded filled in the form of a ring with an annular groove or seal on the outer surface, interacting with a lock and placed on a guide rod with a shift of the center of mass from the flywheel axis towards the striker, while the guide rod is parallel to the diametral groove.

На фиг. 1 схематично представлена конструкци центробежного ударного механизма по первому варианту исполнени ; на фиг. 2 - сечение А-А на фиг. 1; на фиг 3 - вариант выполнени груза; на фиг. 4 и 5 - конструкци центробежного ударного механизма по второму варианту исполнени ; на фиг. 6 - сечение Б-Б на фиг. 4.FIG. Figure 1 shows schematically the construction of a centrifugal percussion mechanism in the first embodiment; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the cargo; in fig. 4 and 5, the centrifugal percussion mechanism design according to the second embodiment; in fig. 6 is a section BB in FIG. four.

Центробежный ударный механизм в первом варианте вьпюлнени содержит корпус 1, в котором в подщипниковых узлах 2 и 3 размещен маховик 4 с диаметральным пазом 5, соединенный с приводом 6, где расположен ударник, выполненный в виде противовеса 7 с направл ющей втулкой 8, щарового бойка 9, св занного с направл ющей втулкой 8 гибким элементом 10 в виде трубы или элемента трубчатой формы , например двух пружин разного направлени навивки, концентрично расположенных относительно друг друга и св занных между собой эластичным пОлимерным материалом .The centrifugal percussion mechanism in the first embodiment includes a housing 1 in which a flywheel 4 with a diametral groove 5 is placed in the sub-bearing units 2 and 3 and connected to the actuator 6, where the impactor 7 is located as a counterbalance 7 with a guide bushing 8, with a ball socket 9 associated with the guide sleeve 8 by a flexible element 10 in the form of a pipe or a tubular-shaped element, for example, two springs of different directions of winding, concentrically arranged relative to each other and interconnected by an elastic polymer material.

Противовес 7 св зан с маховиком 4 через шток 11 и пружину 12. Упоры 13 ограничивают смещение противовеса 7 влево. В корпусе 1 размещен волновод 14. В направл ющей втулке 8 размещен груз 15 цилиндрической формы. На наружной поверхности которого имеетс кольцевой паз 16. Груз 15 отжат влево пружиной 17, причем центр масс груза 15 смещен в сторону шарового бойка 9.The counterweight 7 is connected to the flywheel 4 through the rod 11 and the spring 12. The stops 13 limit the displacement of the counterweight 7 to the left. Waveguide 14 is placed in housing 1. In the guide sleeve 8, a load 15 of cylindrical shape is placed. On the outer surface of which there is an annular groove 16. The load 15 is pressed to the left by a spring 17, and the center of mass of the load 15 is shifted towards the ball striker 9.

Управл ющий узел 18 может быть любого типа, например, ручным, электромагнитным , гидравлическим и пр., дл осевого смещени фиксатора 19, который проходит через маховик 4 и направл ющую втулку 8 и взаимодействует с кольцевым пазом 16,The control unit 18 can be of any type, for example, manual, electromagnetic, hydraulic, etc., for axial displacement of the retainer 19, which passes through the flywheel 4 and the guide sleeve 8 and interacts with the annular groove 16,

удержива груз 15 при разгоне маховика 4.holding load 15 during acceleration of the flywheel 4.

Синхронизирующий узел 20 (механический , электрический или другой) обеспечивает блокировку управл ющего узла 18 на определенном угле (Яп) поворота маховика 4, на котором выходу ударника может помешать волновод 14. Центр масс системы боек-противовес смещен относительно оси маховика 4 в сторону противовеса 7. Фиксатор 19 поджат пружиной 12 в направлении груза 15.The synchronization unit 20 (mechanical, electrical or other) locks the control unit 18 at a certain angle (Yp) of the turn of the flywheel 4, at which the waveguide 14 can interfere with the output of the striker. The center-of-mass of the striker-counterweight system is shifted relative to the counterweight 7 The latch 19 is preloaded by the spring 12 in the direction of the load 15.

1 том случае, когда в результате расчета параметров и по условию компановки конструкции ударного механизма груз 15 должен иметь линейные размеры больше диаметральных, дл исключени заклинивани его внутри гибкого элемента 10 груз 15 целесообразно выполнить в виде двух или большего числа масс, св занных между собой шарнирно (фиг. 3). При этом роль кольцевого паза 16 на грузе 15 может играть зазор между массами, вход щими в состав груза 15.1 in the case when, as a result of calculating the parameters and according to the condition of the construction of the percussion mechanism, the load 15 should have linear dimensions larger than the diametrical ones, in order to avoid jamming it inside the flexible element 10, the load 15 is expediently executed as two or more masses connected together (Fig. 3). In this case, the role of the ring groove 16 on the load 15 can play a gap between the masses that are part of the load 15.

Во втором варианте выполнени центробежный ударный механизм содержит корпус I, в котором в подщипниковых узлах 2 и 3 размещен маховик 4, св занный с приводом 6. В маховике 4 имеетс диаметральный паз 5, в котором размещен ударник, выполненный в виде противовеса 7 с направл ющим стержнем 2, шарового бойка 9, св занного с направл ющим стержнем 22 гибким элементом 10. Противовес 7 ударника св зан с маховиком 4 через шток 11 и пружину 12. Упоры 13 ограничивают смещение противовеса 7 влево. В направл ющих корпуса I размещен волновод 14. На направл ющем стержне 22 размещен груз 15, выполненный в виде кольца, на наружной поверхности которого имеетс кольцевой паз 16. Груз 15 отжат влево пружиной 17. Б крайнем лeвo положении центр масс груза 15 смещен в сторону бойка . Управл ющий узел 18 может быть нспользован любого типа (ручной, электромагнитный , гидравлическими и пр.) дл осевого смещени фиксатора 19. Синхронизирующий узел 20 (механический, электрический и пр.) обеспечивает блокировку управл ющего узла 18 на определенном угле (tfp) поворота маховика 4, на котором выходу ударника может помешать волновод 14. Центр масс смещен в сторону противовеса 7 относительно оси вращени маховика 4. Фиксатор 19 поджат пружиной 21 в направлении груза 15.In the second embodiment, the centrifugal percussion mechanism comprises a housing I, in which a flywheel 4 is mounted in the sub-assemblies 2 and 3 and connected to a drive 6. In the flywheel 4 there is a diametrical groove 5 in which the impactor 7 is placed in the form of a counterweight 7 with a guide a rod 2, a ball strike 9 connected to the guide rod 22 by the flexible element 10. The counterweight 7 of the striker is connected to the flywheel 4 through the rod 11 and the spring 12. The stops 13 limit the displacement of the counterweight 7 to the left. A waveguide 14 is placed in the guides of housing I. A load 15 is placed on the guide rod 22. It is made in the form of a ring and has an annular groove 16 on its outer surface. The load 15 is pressed to the left by a spring 17. At its extreme left position, the center of mass of the load 15 is shifted to the side brisk. The control unit 18 can be used of any type (manual, electromagnetic, hydraulic, etc.) for axial displacement of the latch 19. Synchronizing unit 20 (mechanical, electrical, etc.) locks the control unit 18 at a certain angle (tfp) of the flywheel rotation 4, at which the waveguide 14 may interfere with the output of the striker. The center of mass is displaced towards the counterweight 7 relative to the axis of rotation of the flywheel 4. The latch 19 is compressed by the spring 21 in the direction of the load 15.

Claims

When the guide rod 22 is placed parallel to the diametral groove 5, the centrifugal percussion mechanism includes a housing 1 in which a flywheel 4 connected to the actuator 6 is located in the sub-bearing units 2 and 3. There is a diametrical groove 5 in the flywheel 4 in which a counterweight 7, rigidly connected to the guide rod 22, and a ball strike 9, connected to the counterweight 7 by a flexible element 10. The guide rod 8 passes through the groove 5 in the flywheel 4 and the radial hole 12 in the flywheel 4. Restors 13- limit offset pro tivovesa 7 left. A waveguide 14 is placed in the housing 1. A weight 15 is placed on the guide rod 22, on the outer surface of which there is an emphasis 16. The load 15 is located on the side of the striker and is pressed to the flywheel 4 by a spring 17. Any type of control unit 18 can be used manual, electromagnetic, hydraulic, etc. The latch 19 is placed on the flywheel 4 with the possibility of axial movement and interacts with the stop 16, holding the load 15 during acceleration of the flywheel 4. The synchronizing unit 20 (mechanical, electric, etc.) provides the locking, control unit 18 at a certain angle of rotation of the state of emergency of the flywheel 4, on which the waveguide 14 can place the impactor. The center of mass of the counterweight system is shifted towards the counterweight 7 relative to the axis of rotation of the flywheel 4. Clamp 19 is preloaded by spring 21 in the direction of load 15. Centrifugal percussion mechanism The embodiment operates as follows. During acceleration of the flywheel 4, the centrifugal forces squeeze the firing pin to the left, and the load 15 to the right. In this case, the common center of mass of the flywheel 4 is located along its axis. When the flywheel 4 stores a sufficient amount of kinetic energy, the retainer 19 is automatically or manually shifted up and up, compressing the spring 23 and releasing the load 15. The load 15 is displaced to the right by the centrifugal forces along the inner surface of the guide sleeve 8 and the flexible element 10, squeezing spring 17. The displacement of the load 15 leads to the fact that the common center of mass of the striker moves to the right relative to the axis of the flywheel 4. And this leads to the fact that under the action of centrifugal forces the striker moves to the right, compressing the spring 12, and you walks on a shock position. After the striker strikes the waveguide 14, the drive 6 is turned off. The rotational speed of the flywheel 4 is reduced, the spring 12 returns the hammer to the leftmost position, and the spring 17 mixes the load 15 to the left. The load 15 pushes the lock 19, pushes it, then the lock 19 hits the ring the groove 16 on the load 15 and fixes the load 15 in the initial position. The impact mechanism is ready for a new work cycle. According to the second embodiment, the centrifugal percussion mechanism works as follows. When the flywheel 4 is accelerated, the centrifugal forces press the firing pin to the left and the load 15 to the right. In this case, the common center of mass of the flywheel 4 is on its axis. When the flywheel 4 accumulates a sufficient amount of kinetic energy, automatically or manually briefly moves upwards the latch 19, compressing the spring 21 and releasing the load 15. The load 15 under the action of centrifugal forces sharply shifts to the right along the guide rod, compressing the spring 17. The offset of the load 15 causes that the common center of mass of the striker is displaced to the right relative to the axis of the flywheel 4. And this leads to the fact that under the action of centrifugal forces the striker is displaced to the right, compressing the spring 12 and reaching the impact position. After the striker strikes the waveguide 14, the drive 6 is turned off. The rotational speed of the flywheel 4 decreases, the spring 12 returns the drummer to the leftmost position, and the spring 17 moves the load 15 to the left. The load 15 presses the lock 19, pushes it upwards, after which the lock falls in the annular groove 16 on the load 15 and fixes the load 15 in the initial position. The impact mechanism is ready for a new work cycle. When placing the guide rod parallel to the diametral groove 5 in the second embodiment, the centrifugal percussion mechanism works as follows. During acceleration of the flywheel 4, the centrifugal forces squeeze the firing pin to the left, and the load 15 to the right. In this case, the common center of mass of the flywheel 4 is on its axis. When the flywheel 4 stores enough energy, automatically or manually briefly upward locking latch 19, compressing the spring 21 and releasing the load 15. The load 15 under the action of centrifugal forces sharply shifts to the right along the guide rod, compressing the spring 17. The offset of the load 15 causes the that the common center of mass of the impactor moves to the right relative to the axis of the flywheel 4. And this leads to the fact that under the action of centrifugal forces, the impactor moves to the right, compressing the spring 23, and goes to the impact position. After the striker strikes the waveguide 14, the drive 6 is turned off. The speed of the flywheel 4 is reduced, the spring 12 returns the hammer to the far left position, and the spring 17 moves the weight 15 to the left. The stop 16 lifts the latch 19 up, the load 15 returns to the far left position and the latch 19 , west of the stop 16, fixes the load 15 in its original position. The impact mechanism is ready for a new work cycle. The use of the proposed centrifugal percussion mechanism makes it possible to significantly reduce the load on the lock of the control unit and to increase the impact capacity — the power and reliability of the mechanism. Claim I. The centrifugal percussion mechanism that holds the drive, the housing,

there is a flywheel with a diametral groove connected to the drive, a drummer placed in the groove of the flywheel and made in the form of a spherical striker and counterweight connected to each other by a flexible element, the return spring of the hammer, a synchronizing unit, a control unit and a latch that is associated with it, different in order to increase the shock power and reliability, it is equipped with a guide sleeve with a radial hole rigidly connected to the counterweight and a flexible element made in the form of a pipe, and a cylindrical shaped spring loaded with the flank groove on the outer surface, which interacts with the retainer placed in the guide sleeve and the flexible element with a shift of the center of mass relative to the axis of the flywheel in the direction of the ball striker.

2. A mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the load is made in the form of several masses connected by hinges.

3. A centrifugal percussion mechanism containing a drive, housing, a flywheel with a diametrical groove in it, connected to the drive, a drummer placed in the groove of the flywheel and made in the form of interconnected flexible ball and counterweight elements, a return spring of the striker synchronizing a knot, a control knot and a retainer associated with it, characterized in that it is provided with a guide rod rigidly connected to the counterweight and flexible element, and a spring loaded load, made in the form of a ring with an annular groove or pack rum on the outer surface cooperating with a clamp and placed on the guide rod with the center of mass offset from the axis of the flywheel in the direction of the ball pin.

4. The mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the guide rod is installed parallel to the diametrical groove.

Sources of information taken into account in the examination

1. USSR author's certificate number 121585, cl. B 25 D 15/00, 1958.

2. USSR author's certificate

No. 614937, cl. B 25 D 15/00, 1976 (prototype).

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