SU976914A1 - Line for producing granulated fodder for fishes - Google Patents

Description

(54) GRANULATED PRODUCTION LINE The invention relates to fish farming, in particular, to the production lines of fish pellets for fish, and can be used in the cultivation of valuable species of fish (salmon and sturgeon) when producing artificial feed for them. The known line for the production of granulated fodder for fish, including receiving bunkers, storage hopper, metering unit, balance, mixer-granulator connected to the metering unit, automatic humidifier, granule drying device, screening device and suction column for removing moisture from the surface moisture located between the compression granulator and the drying device 1. A disadvantage of the known fish feed production line is that it does not allow preparation of feed with a complex set of components required for valuable fish species. It does not provide for grinding equipment and there are no devices for processing waste arising during the production of granules, there is no device for KOP / V OB FOR FISH, the supply of liquid components, high energy costs. As a result, significant losses of valuable feed components occur and a whole range of operations is performed in a non-mechanized manner, which leads to a decrease in the quality of granulated fish feeds. The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved effect is the line of production of granulated fish feed, containing arranged in technological sequence and interconnected transporting bodies receiving bunkers, magnetic barriers, metering and weighing devices, hammer crushers, centrifugal sifter, mixer, preparation unit for granulation of liquid feed components with a heat exchanger and a dosing pump, a granulator with a storage hopper, in termi11eskoy for processing the obtained granules and sifting device associated with the storage hopper granulator for returning substandard granules. Known line

allows you to get food with complex components and provides for the preliminary grinding of the components of feed 2. However, in it the output of the metering pump of the preparation unit for liquid components of the feed is connected to the mixer, which leads to the formation and adhesion of a viscous mass to the walls and screws of the mixer, and ultimately worsens granulation quality.

In addition, this line has not resolved the issue of the fuller utilization of all components and the disposal of industrial waste.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the feed and reduce the loss of the initial components and waste products.

To achieve this goal in-line, containing receiving bunkers arranged in technological sequence and interconnected by vehicles, magnetic barriers, metering and weighing devices, milk crushers, centrifugal screener, mixer, preparation unit for granulating liquid feed components with a heat exchanger and pump -dispenser, grag null torus with hopper, device for thermal processing of the obtained granules and screening device associated with the bunker-nak the granulator carrier for the return of substandard granules, additionally introduced a roller crusher installed after the receiving bins to process feed components containing fibrous inclusions, a feed hopper with a feeder located behind the weighing device, a preparation unit for granulating perishable feed components with a pump dosing unit, a preparation unit feedstock to granulation, including pneumatic-freezing machine, the entrance of which is connected to the feeder of the storage hopper and the output through the sluice a mixer with a mixer, and a cyclone connected to it by means of a high-pressure fan connected through a sluice gate to a mixer for feeding captured fine particles of feed components into it, while the centrifugal sifter is mounted between a roller grinder and a weighing device, one hammer crusher is located before the weighing device device on the line of supply of raw materials from. receiving bins for processing feed components that require grinding, the second hammer crusher is connected through a sluice gate with a pneumatic filter to receive and grind particles of feed components that exceed the target size and its output is connected to the feed line of feed components from the hopper feeder to the pneumatic extractor machine, one third crusher is located behind the screening device On the return line to the bunker, the storage unit of the gr.

granules, a device for heat treatment of granules containing a cyclone communicated with it by means of a low-pressure fan and a discharge screw that is connected to a storage hopper of granulator through sluice gates to return fine particles of feed components and fine fractions of granules to it, respectively, and pump discharge lines - block feeders - preparation for granulating liquid and perishable feed components are connected directly to the transportation zone of the pellet auger.

In addition, in the proposed line, the device for heat treatment of granules is advisable to be made of a body divided by a heat shield into a drying chamber and a cooling chamber, and a closed perforated tape located in the chambers for transporting granules and separating fine fractions of granules. air heater.

The heat exchanger of the preparation unit for granulating the liquid components of the feed has a condensate trap connected to the transportation zone of the pellet screw for moistening the initial mixture of components with condensate.

The drawing is a schematic flow chart of the production line of granulated fish feed.

Claims (2)

The line for the production of granulated fodder for fish consists of receiving bins 1, magnetic barriers 2, hammer crusher 3, located behind receiving bins 1, roller shredder 4 and centrifugal sifter 5, multi-component weights 6, hopper accumulator 7 with feeder 8, raw material preparation unit to granulation of equipment consisting of a pneumatic-pneumatic machine 9 with sluice gates 10 and 11, a hammer mill 12, a cyclone 13 with a sluice gate 14, a high-pressure fan 15, a mixer 16 installed behind them, accumulator 17 with agitator 18 and screw feeder 19, gruntotor 20, preparatory units for granulating liquid and fast-sourcing components consisting of containers 21 for liquid components 21 with a heat exchanger 22, container 23 for perishable components mounted in the cooling chamber 24, metering pumps 25, the injection areas of which are connected to the transportation zone of the screw of the granulator 20, the device for heat treatment of the granules, consisting of a housing 26, inside which there is a heat shield 27 that separates it into a drying measure 28 and a cooling chamber 29, and an endless perforated belt 30 mounted inside the chambers 28 and 29 for transporting and separating small fractions, while the drying chamber 28 is provided with a heater 31; The device for heat treatment of granules has a discharge screw 32 for removing small fractions of granules with a sluice gate 33 and communicating with it via a liquid pressure fan 34 a cyclone 35 with a skoda gate 36 for trapping fine particles of feed components, and a discharge screw 34 and a loop 35 are connected to hopper 17., In addition, the line contains a screening device 37 connected through a hammer crusher 38 with a hopper drive 17, and the heat exchanger 22 has a condensate collector 39 connected to the transport zone rtirovani schneka granulator 20 to moisten the feed mixture condensation components. Line production of pelleted fish feed works as follows. Bins 1 receives the components necessary for the preparation of feed according to different recipes. Components that do not require pretreatment are transported directly from the bins 1 through the magnetic barrier 2 to the multi-component scales 6. The components requiring preliminary grinding $ 5 are fed through the magnetic barrier 2 to the hammer crusher 3, and then to the multi-component scales 6. Components containing fibrous, non-digestible fish inclusions, for example, dry silk silkworm pupa, fine flour and others come from the bunker through magnetic barrier 2 to the roller shredder 4, and then to the centrifugal sifter 5, where fibrous inclusions are separated, and the clean enters the multicomponent balance 6. Dispensed components enter the storage hopper 7, from where the auger feeder 8 provides uniform feeding of the Components to the raw material preparation unit for pelletizing at the inlet pneumatic equipment machine 9. Particles of components that have passed through the openings of the sieve surface of the pneumatic equipment machine 9, are directed through a sluice gate 10 into the mixer 16, particles of components, size to toryh exceeds assignments are routed through rotary valve 11 to a hammer crusher 12 where regrinding is performed to a desired particle size, followed by returning to the input pnevmovymolnoy machine 9. These cycles are repeated upon receipt of dosage components. To clean the air from the pneumatic mask 9 by means of a high pressure fan 15, it is sucked into the cyclone 13, from where fine particles of the components separated during the air purification are directed through the sluice gate 14 to the mixer 16. Such an implementation of the raw material preparation unit for granulation ensures its economy the expense of the secondary use of particles of components that did not pass in one cycle through a sieve of the pneumatic-flume machine. On the other hand, the raw material is saved due to the fine particles of the components separated during the air cleaning in the cyclone 13, and at the same time the pollution of the environment is reduced. Since feed formulations for valuable types of poultry must contain liquid (sofatids, molasses, sunflower oil) and perishable liquid components (animal blood not for food purposes), the line has blocks for preparing granulation of liquid and perishable components. The tank 21 is injected with liquid components that are heated to the required viscosity using a heat exchanger 22, such as a steam preheater, then using a metering pump 25 connected to the pipeline of the tank 21, these components are sent directly to the conveyor zone of the screw of the granulator 20. Skoroport components from tank 23, located in the refrigerating chamber 24, through a pipeline connected to this tank, by means of a second metering pump 25. They are also directed to the conveyor zone of the auger screw 20. Connection Dosing pumps for liquid and perishable components directly with the conveyor zone of the auger screw, bypassing the mixer 16 and the hopper 18, exclude formation of arches and sticking to the walls and augers of the mixer 16 and the bunker 17 of the viscous mass, which leads to non-rhythmic work and stops torus and, ultimately, degrades the quality of the granulation process. The bulk components are mixed in the mixer 16 and sent to the storage bin 17, from where they are fed to the screw feeder 19 by means of the agitator 18 and from there to the granulator 20. When the granulator 20 is operated, the mixture is mixed with thermal water coming from the liquid components from the condensate collector 39 to the transportation zone of the screw of the granulator 20. From the matrix of the granulator 20, the wet granules enter the drying chamber 28, where with the help of thermal air coming from the heater 31, they are dried during eskonechnoy perforated tape 30 to the heat shield 27. After flowing the heat shield, the granules fall into the cooling chamber 29, where by means of the air sucked by the fan 34, low pressure, cooling the pellets after drying. Small fractions of granules, separated in the process of drying and cooling, enter the discharge screw 32 and through the lock gate 33 enter the discharge screw 32 and through the Lock gate 33 enter the storage hopper 17 for re-granulation. The fine fraction of the feed is sucked from the drying chamber 28 and the cooling chamber 29 into the cyclone 35, where it precipitates and returns to the storage hopper 17 through the lock gate 36. Such an embodiment of the device reduces the loss of feed. The pellets from the cooling chamber 29 enter the inlet of the screening device 37, where, after sorting, the finished product enters the package, and the broken and crushed granules enter the hammer crusher 38, where they are crushed and sent back to the storage hopper 17. Line of production of pelleted fish feed composed of separate, closed with the help of transport systems between each other, blocks and devices, which allows it to be used for the preparation of both complex recipe granular feeds and simple ones; and certain specialized units. The advantage of the proposed line is the possibility within each block to implement the technology of preparation of feed components without loss. In addition, the heat consumption is saved in the line, since the heater, the heater of the drying chamber and the condensate collector of thermal water for technological purposes are located in one closed heat carrier line. The use of cyclones in the line, which ensured the return of fine-dispersed feed waste to the granulator, makes it possible to exclude contamination of the environment. As a result of supplying the liquid components of the feed with warm water directly into the conveyor zone of the auger screw, additional work is prevented to stop the process and clean the mixer and the hopper from sticking. The economic effect from the introduction of the proposed line will be 290 thousand rubles. Claim 1. Line of production of granulated fish feed, containing arranged in technological sequence and interconnected vehicles receiving bunkers, magnetic barriers, metering and weighing devices, hammer crushers, centrifugal sifter, mixer, preparation unit for granulating liquid feed components with a heat exchanger and a pump dispenser, a granulator with a hopper, a device for thermal processing of the obtained granules and sieving, its structure The equipment associated with the granulator storage hopper for returning substandard granules, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the feed and reduce the losses of the initial components and production waste, a roller grinder installed after the receiving bins was added to it, containing fibrous inclusions, located behind the weighing device a hopper with a feeder, a preparation unit for granulating perishable feed components with a dosing pump, a block preparation of the raw material for granulation, including a pneumatic-mud maschina, in the course of which is connected to the hopper of the storage hopper, and output through a lock valve with a mixer, and a cyclone connected to it via a high-pressure fan connected to a drain valve with a mixer captured fine particles of the feed components, while the centrifugal sifter is mounted between the roll grinder and the weighing device, one hammer crusher is located in front of the dispenser on the feed line from the receiving bins for processing components requiring grinding, the second hammer crusher is connected with a sluice gate to a pneumatic machine for receiving and grinding feed particles, the size of which exceeds the target, and its output is connected to the supply line of components from the bunker feeder - accumulator in the pneumatic machine, a third crusher is located behind the screening device on the return line to the hopper-granulator storage of substandard granules, a device for thermal processing of granules containing a cyclone communicated with it via a low pressure fan and a discharge screw that is connected to the granulator storage hopper of grain components through sluice gates to return fine particles of feed components and fine fractions of granules, respectively, and discharge lines of pump dosing units of preparation units to the granulation of the liquid and the perishable feedstock components of the feed are connected directly to the transportation zone of the auger screw. 2. Line according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for heat treatment of granules consists of a body divided by a heat shield to the drying chamber and cooling chamber, and a closed perforated tape located in the chambers for 97 transporting the granules and separating them into a fine fraction, at the same time the drying chamber is equipped with a heater. 3. Line according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger of the preparation unit for granulating the liquid feed components has a condensate trap connected to the conveyor zone of the pellet screw for moistening the initial mixture of components with a condensate. Sources of information taken in attention | Ie in the examination 1. The author's certificate of the USSR № 347040, cl. A 01 K 61/02, 1968. 2. Levchenko V., Borets A. and Shchabelska L. Granulation of compound feeds for rainbow trout. - “Flour-milling and feed mill industry M 1980, No. 2 p. 38-39.