RU2433754C1 - Granulated feed-stuffs production method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fodder production and may be used in the process of production of fodders for cattle, sheep, rabbits and poultry based on grains with addition of other components and microadditives. The granulated grain-based feed-stuffs production method involves milling grains, mixing them with other components and microadditives, moistening, cooling and packing. In the process of the method implementation one uses a milling granulator implementing the method of extrusion milling wherein milling and granulating are combinedly performed inside the said milling granulator designed on the basis of an internal gear; the grains are mixed with the other components and microadditives prior to supplying into the milling granulator. ^ EFFECT: improved effectiveness of the method. ^ 2 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to feed production and can be used in the process of preparing feed for cattle, sheep, rabbits and poultry based on grain with the addition of other components and microadditives.

There is a known process flow diagram for the preparation of granular feeds from grass meal or compound feed, as well as grass or straw cutting, by which grass meal or compound feed is fed by screw conveyors into the storage hopper, from where it is sent to the mixer through the batcher, into which all other feed components are introduced and fed water or steam for conditioning. The mixture of components from the mixer enters the press granulator, from which the obtained granules are conveyed by a conveyor to a cooling and sorting column, in which the granules are cooled by a stream of air and sorted. Sorted granules are stored or directly sent for feeding (Fedorenko I.Ya. Technological processes and equipment for the production of feed: Textbook. - M .: FORUM, 2007 - p.102-103).

A known method of preparation of feed with a device for its implementation, in which feed based on food waste is fed into the crushing system, it is ground, then the ground feed and the necessary components, as well as microadditives are fed into the mixer, mixed, the mixture is fed into a granulator to obtain granules which are then cooled in a cooling system. Finished granules are served at their destination or packaged in containers (patent RU No. 2070814, priority date 02/04/1993, publication date 12/27/1996, authors Tsemakhovich AD and others).

A common disadvantage of the known analogues is the large length of the process and high energy intensity, due to the sequence of operations of grinding and mixing, since the supply of components for mixing and granulation is carried out in a crushed form.

The closest in technical essence is the technological process of production of the feed industry, which includes the following operations: cleaning the raw materials from impurities, grinding the purified raw materials to the established particle sizes, preparing chalk and salt, enriching the feed with microadditives, dosing the components in accordance with the recipe, mixing the dosed components to their uniform distribution in the mass of loose feed, granulation of feed (Chebotarev O.N., Shazzo A.Yu., Martynenko Y .F. Technology of flour, cereals and animal feed. - Moscow: ICT "Mart", Rostov-n / D: Publishing Center "Mart", 2004. - p.663, prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the high energy intensity due to the long process, in which the total energy consumption for the main energy-intensive operations - grinding of raw materials and granulation - are large and range from 20 to 47 kW * h per 1 ton of product, depending on the productivity of the equipment, which significantly increases the cost of granular feed.

The objective of the invention is to reduce energy consumption and the cost of granular feed.

To solve the problem in a method for the production of granular feed based on grain, according to which the grain is crushed, mixed with other components and microadditives, moistened, granulated, cooled and packaged in a container, according to the invention, a granulator-grinder is used that implements an extrusion grinding method, in which grinding and granulation are jointly implemented in the above-mentioned grinder-granulator, made on the basis of a gear train of internal gearing, while the grain is mixed with other components and microadditives before feeding into the chopper-granulator.

The technical result consists in reducing 2.5-4.5 times the energy consumption for the production of 1 ton of granules. The preparation of such granular feed is based on the use of a grinder-granulator that implements an extrusion grinding method in which grinding and granulation are jointly realized in said grinder-granulator.

To confirm the technical result, a table is presented for a comparative analysis of energy consumption per 1 ton of granules during separate grinding and granulation and combining them in a grinder-granulator, based on well-known technical and experimental data, from which it follows that the experimentally established energy consumption per 1 ton of granules according to the new technology is from 8.5 to 9.5 kWh (table).

The essence of the method is illustrated by the scheme of operation of the grinder-granulator, shown in figure 1, and photographic data depicting the shape of the bundles of feed coming out of the grinder-granulator, in figure 2 (the separation of the bundles into measuring granules is not conventionally shown).

A method for the production of granular feed based on grain is as follows. The purified and prepared grain is fed to the mixer. At the same time as the grain, according to the recipe, other components of feed and micronutrients are fed into the mixer. At the same time, water is injected into the mixer to bring the components of the feed to a predetermined humidity and mix the components until they are evenly distributed in the mass of the mixture. The finished mixture is fed to a granulator-grinder, which implements an extrusion grinding method, which is carried out in a heat treatment mode with a constant temperature and in a humid treatment mode with a constant humidity. The chopper-granulator at the same time operates in the stabilization mode of the temperature set for a specific formulation. To do this, before starting work, the chopper-granulator is heated to a predetermined temperature, and during operation, the excess temperature released during the grinding-granulation process is discharged by a temperature stabilization system (not shown conditionally).

As an example, figure 1 (a), (b) and (c) shows the implementation of extrusion grinding in a grinder-granulator operating on the basis of a gear train of internal gearing. At the same time, as an alternative with lower productivity, a chopper-granulator operating on the basis of an end gear (conditionally not shown) can be used. In the filling phase (figure 1, a) a mixture of grain and other components of the feed enters the depressions between the teeth of the gear wheel. When the gear rotates, its teeth “close” the volumes of the depressions (Fig. 1, b). The components of the mixture, subjected to the simultaneous effect of compression and shear in a closed volume, are crushed. Granules or bundles are formed in the openings of the die, squeezed out of them (Fig. 1, c) and conveyed to the cooler by the conveyor, from which they enter the packaging semiautomatic device, where they are packed into bags or conveyed directly to the feeding conveyor. Figure 2 shows images of different shapes of the bundles of feed, depending on the composition of the components of the mixture and on the formed dimensions of the bundles.

Method for the production of granular feed Granulator (model) power, kWt Productivity, t / h Relative energy consumption, kW * h / t Chopper (model) AKPP 600 37 1-3 37-12,3 fifteen 1.5-2.0 10-7.5 R1-BDK-M Total energy consumption per 1 ton of granules - 47 ÷ 20 kW * h OGM-1.5 98 2.5 39 16-21 3-5 5.3-4.2 AKA3.322 Total energy consumption per 1 ton of granules - 44.3 ÷ 43.2 kWh The experimentally established energy consumption per 1 ton of pellets by the proposed method is 8.5 ÷ 9.5 kW * h

Claims (1)

A method of producing granular grain-based compound feeds, in which the grain is crushed, mixed with other components and microadditives, moistened, granulated, cooled and packaged in a container, characterized in that the method uses a grinder-granulator that implements the method of extrusion grinding, in which grinding and granulation is jointly implemented in the above-mentioned grinder-granulator, made on the basis of a gear train of internal gearing, while the grain is mixed with other components and ikrodobavkami before being fed into the granulator-chopper.