SU933012A1 - Combination implement for presow tilling of soil and sowing - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to combined implements for tillage and sowing.

The combined machines are known, including a frame with cultivator legs fixed on it, sowing tools and press rollers 1}.

A disadvantage of the known machines is the low quality of the pre-sowing tillage due to the impossibility of its treatment with herbicides and the application of fertilizers to the soil, which reduces the yield of the cultivated crops.

Closest to the invention is a combined tool for pre-sowing tillage and sowing, which includes a frame and a herbicide application device installed on it, tukovyyushchy devices with working bodies, cultivating paws and sowing devices with working bodies 2.

The disadvantage of the known tool is the poor quality of mixing soil with herbicides, fertilizing, which negatively affects the yield of cultivated crops.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield of cultivated crops.

This is achieved by the fact that the tool has additional cultivator paws, and the working bodies of tusking devices are made in the form of feeding knives, while the additional cultivating legs and feeding knives are installed in two rows in alternate order and on both sides from the axis of the row .

FIG. 1 - the combined instrument is shown, top view; in fig. 2 — device for herbicide application, side view.

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The implement includes a frame that is hung on tractor 1 and consists of a front 2 and rear 3 parts. On the front 2 of the frame there are devices for

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applying herbicides to the soil, consisting of covers 4, sprayers 5 and supply hoses 6 The covers 4 are supported in working position on the soil and connected to the front 2 of the frame by means of hinged-lever suspensions 7 to provide a copy of the soil microrelief. The herbicide solution is supplied to the sprayers 5 by a pump (not shown) from the tanks 8 installed on the tractor 1 through the hoses 9 and the distribution tube 10. Behind the devices for banding herbicides, additional cultivator paws 11 and tukysyvayuschy devices 12 with working bodies in the form of feeding knives are installed 13. Moreover, additional cultivator paws 11 and top dressing knives 13 are mounted on the front 2 of the frame by means of parallelogram suspension k in two rows in alternating order and on both sides of the row axis. Thus, on both sides of each row there are two dressing knives 13 and two additional cultivator arms P. On the front 2 parts of the frame there are support wheels 15, which simultaneously drive the tukovyyuschy apparatus 12. On the back 3 parts of the frame by means of parallelogram suspensions 16 Seed devices 17 are fixed with working bodies (not shown), in front of which cultivator feet 18 are installed, cultivating the soil in the area of the row. The legs 18 are connected to the lower links of the parallelogram suspensions 1b and have the possibility of adjusting the angle of the ground and the depth of their stroke by the angle. The rear 3 part of the frame has support wheels 19, from which the sowing devices 17 are driven. The press rollers 20 are mounted behind the working bodies of the sowing devices 17,

The tool works as follows.

Before the tractor 1 begins to move, the front 2 and rear 3 parts of the frame are hydraulically (not shown) of the tractor 1 lowered into the working position and mounted on the support wheels 15 and 19. The tractor 1 begins to move across the field.

A pumped solution of a herbicide pumped (not shown) is supplied under pressure.

zhuhi The latter, thanks to the hinged suspension arms 7, copy the relief of the soil, protect the torch of liquid from the wind and thus provide a constant width (350 mm of the band of soil sprayed by the herbicides and its direction in the center of the future seed.) The rear cultivator legs 11 located behind are treated the soil in the inter-row and shift part of the soil with applied herbicides to the center of the strip, the herbicides are mixed with the soil.

The ticuscelers 12, which lead from the support wheels 15, feed the mineral fertilizers into the funnels of the feeding knives 13. The feeding knives 13 form two tapes of mineral fertilizers in each row, arranged one on each side of the row. However, they also mix herbicides with the soil. Fertilizers are embedded 20–30 mm deeper than seeds and 30–100 mm from them.

The prepared strips of soil with applied herbicides and fertilizers follow the cultivator paws 18. The paws cut weeds in the zone of the future seed row, mix the herbicides with the soil, and produce a reverse shift from the center of the strip. The wings of the cultivator paws 18 level and compact the seed bed and, acting on the soil layer with the fertilizer belts, improve their contact with the soil. The seed drills 17, driven from the supporting wheels 19, feed the seeds into the working bodies (the following paws are not shown. The working bodies of the sowing devices 1 additionally mix the herbicides with the soil and embed the seeds to a predetermined depth. The sown seeds are covered with a layer sprinkling behind the working bodies of the seed soil compactors then compacted by rollers 20. As a result, the seeds are buried in a wet, weed-free layer of soil that is well mixed with herbicides. However, a seedbed with a small soil layer separating them from the seeds, on both sides there are tapes of mineral fertilizers.

Claims (2)

The use of a combined tool allows you to reduce the cost of labor 5 by 1.8 and by 1.3 times compared with a complex of single-operation machines for performing these operations using the existing technology of cultivation of row crops. An additional economic effect due to the saving of herbicides in case of their introduction is 2189 rubles per annual workload of one unit. Claims of the invention Combined tool for pre-sowing tillage and sowing, including a frame and a device for applying herbicides installed on it, tukovyyushchy devices with working organs, cultivator paws 26 and sowing devices with working bodies, characterized in that, in order to increase the yield of cultivated crops, the instrument has additional cultivator paws, and the working bodies of tukovysevyaschie apparatus made in the form of feeding knives, with additional cultivator paws and fertilizer e knives are installed in two rows in an alternating arrangement and on either side of the axis of order p. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1 1. USSR certificate of authorship If 307752, cl. A 01 B 9/0, 1969. 2. Copyright of the USSR № 352613, cl. A 01 B J9 / 0, 1970. ,; f% .x r ///// l; Fi9.2.