SU916428A1 - Apparatus for clarifying natural and waste liquors - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for the clarification of natural and waste waters by the method of flotation and filtration and can be used in household * (drinking and industrial water supply and purification · water.

A device is known that includes a horizontal rectangular case with a bottom, divided by two inner vertical walls with guided nozzles attached to them by a plastic guide, fast fiayagry with prefabricated distribution devices and float chambers located above them located in the right and left parts of the hull ^ as well as a perforated distribution piping, supersaturated with air of the clarified water, a collector of wash water, located at the bottom of the hull ^, vertically the device’s axis, and the foam assemblies located in the upper part of the housing 11].

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The disadvantage of this device is that it does not provide effective clarification of water due to the lack of elements for flocculation * in the coagulated clarified water and its cleaning from the nefpotirovannoy coarse suspension, so due to the presence in its inner walls of open slots ( for removal of wash water), in which part of the clarified water with air bubbles and suspended matter in it, bypassing the flotation clarification zone, goes directly to the filter charge, which reduces its dirt-holding capacity and effectively It is work.

The closest in technical essence and purpose to the present invention is a device for clarifying natural and waste waters, including a horizontal rectangular case with a bottom, divided by two internal vertical walls with guide partitions, high-speed filters with flotation filters located above them

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cameras placed in the right and left parts of the body, inclined partitions forming a chamber of triangular section in the center of the body, at the top of which is located the distribution pipeline of the clarified water, and in the middle of its base there is a distribution water-air distribution pipeline, a collection collector of wash water made in the form of a triangular tube with slots at the base and placed at the bottom of the body along its vertical axis, as well as foam assemblies placed in the upper part of the body [2 3. ₍₍

A disadvantage of the known device is the reduced performance and efficiency of water purification, which is explained by the presence of holes in the guide walls for the exit of wash water from the gutters. Through these openings, during the working cycle of clarification, about 15–20% of the clarified water with air bubbles, and the suspension contained in it, bypassing the flotation clarification chambers, fall directly on the filter charge. This leads to air blockage of the filtering load, reducing its dirt-holding capacity, which in turn reduces the performance and efficiency of the entire device.

In addition, a disadvantage of the known device is the high consumption of water for washing the filtering load, due to the use of a highly disposed system of gutters in it for discharging the wash water, which is unsuitable for combined water-air washing.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the performance and cleaning efficiency by reducing the content of suspended solids in clarified water and reducing the cost of washing.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for lightening natural and waste water, containing a horizontal rectangular case with a bottom, divided by two internal vertical walls with guide walls, high-speed filters with flotation chambers located above them, placed in the right and left parts of the case, are inclined the partitions forming a chamber of a triangular cross section in the center of the body, at the apex of which there is a distribution pipeline for the clarified water, and a distribution in the middle of its base A self-contained water-air pipeline, a wash water collector located at the bottom of the hull

5 of its vertical axis, and foam collectors located in the upper part of the body, the lower ends of the guide partitions at the place of their entry into the internal vertical

10 walls are equipped with outboard valve plates.

In addition, the upper ends of the inner vertical walls are provided with weirs of a triangular cross section with sand-catching gutters, and the guiding projections are made on the walls of the housing from its inner side.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 2o, section A-A in FIG. one.

A device for lightening natural

and wastewater consists of a rectangular body 1, divided by two vertical inner walls 2 with directions—

25 by partition 3. At the top in the middle of the body is placed tray 4 for collecting and removing flotation foam using two scraper conveyors 5. Under the tray is placed a perforated pipe 30 of wire 6 that distributes clarified water. Two accumulated longitudinal partitions 7 which adjoin the chamber 8 in a triangular-th section adjoin it from below. Below this camera is between

& the ends of the walls 7 is a perforated distribution pipe 9 of the water-air solution. At the bottom of the housing 1 along its vertical axis there is a collection collector 10 of washing water, made in the form of a triangular cross-section pipe with longitudinal slots (holes) 11 at the base, connected to the pipeline 12. The walls of the collector 10 together with the vertical walls 2 form longitudinal sand bunkers 13 for accumulation neflo-. suspended suspension.

At the bottom of the housing 1 in the space between its outer and inner walls 2 gravel supports are placed

⁵⁰ layers 14 with tubular assemblies 15 disposed in them, connected outside the housing 1 by a collector 16 with pipe 17 and 18 for drainage, are clarified with ⁵⁵ and supply of washing water, respectively. On the gravel layers lies a filtering load 19 (sand, kerosite, anthracite, etc.), and above it is

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chamber 20 of flotation clarification of water.

In addition, in the gravel support salts 14 above the distribution devices 15 a distribution system 21 is placed to supply air from the collector 22 when washing the filtering load 19, The outer walls of the housing 1 are internally provided with longitudinal guide lugs 23, weirs 24 of triangular cross section are arranged at the top of the walls 2, on which there are sand-catcher gutters 25, and the lower ends of the guide partitions 3 do not reach the weirs 24, forming longitudinal slots 26, which are blocked by attached to the overhang rodkam 3 outboard movable valve plate 27. The movable plate 27 is provided by a hinge or their suspension, or by the flexibility of the plate material (tires).

The device works as follows, o

Clarified water with reagents, introduced into it in a separate external mixer, through a perforated pipe 6 enters the chamber 8 of a triangular cross-section. Here, under the action of a vortex motion with a gradually decreasing velocity in water, a large number of micro flakes are formed from the impurities and reagents contained in it. At the exit of the chamber 8, the flow is reflected by the walls of the collector 10, as well as by the walls 2 and changes the direction of motion to the opposite. Under the action of centrifugal forces that may peak in this, the clarified water is freed from the large rapidly setting suspension that accumulates in the bins 13. In this case, the clarified water is mixed with the supersaturated air-water solution emerging from the perforated pipeline 9.

Next, the clarified water with micro flakes and air bubbles released on them moves upward with decreasing speed in the space between the inclined partitions 7 and the walls 2 with the guide partitions 3 and the plates 27. Here the processes of agglomeration of micro flakes and the formation of large fast-flowing flotation units occur. Water with flotation units passes over the guiding partitions 3 and enters the chambers 20 of the flotation clarification of water, where they are separated and collected in the form of

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a layer of foam on the surface of the water that is scrapped by the scraper conveyor into tray 4. Water freed from the flocculent suspension passes from top to bottom through the filter bed 19 to the gravel load 14, is finally clarified and collected by tubular devices 15, from where it enters the collector 16 and further along the pipeline 17 is sent to the consumer.

After the exhaustion of the green capacity of the filter loading 19, the device switches to flushing. For this purpose, the valves on the pipelines 6, 9 and 17 are closed, and on the pipelines 19 and 12 and the collector 22 are opened. Flushing load 19 is carried out upward flows of water and air supplied through the pipeline 12 and the collector 22, respectively. Wash water that has passed the filter load 19 through triangular weirs 24 on walls 2, • provided with sand-chutes 25, moving the movable valve plates 27 of the guide baffle 3, which are pressed against their walls 2, into the space between the walls 2 where it washes away the heavy non-flooded suspension accumulated in the bunkers 13 and carries it through the slots 11 to the collector 10 and further along the pipeline 12 to the sewage system.

At the end of the flushing, the valve plates 27 on the baffles 3, under the action of their weight, are again pressed against the walls 2 and as * the check valves close the gaps 26.

The proposed device for the clarification of natural and waste waters in comparison with the known, due to the presence of movable valve plates, which prevent the part of unclarified coagulated water with air bubbles from entering the filter charge, avoids its air clogging and reducing the dirt capacity, which makes this device more efficient and effective reduces water consumption for flushing filtering load.

Calculations show that the use of valve plates in a device for the clarification of natural and waste waters can reduce the content of suspended solids in clarified water by 10-12% and increase the duration of operation of the device between washes by 50-60%.

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In addition, the presence in the proposed device of weirs of a triangular cross section with sand-catcher gutters on the inner vertical walls allows organizing a joint water-air flushing of the filtering load in this device, which makes it possible to halve the cost of clarified water for flushing and reduce the amount of wastewater generated during this.

Claims (2)

Formula of 1. Device for clarification of natural and waste waters, containing a horizontal rectangular case with a bottom, separated by two internal vertical walls with guiding partitions, high-speed filters with floatation chambers located above them, distribution pipelines of the clarified water and water-air solution, combined collecting basin | Noah water and foam collectors, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity and efficiency of cleaning by reducing 5 suspensions of suspended matter c. clarified water and reduced washing costs; it is equipped with valve valves suspended at the lower ends of the baffles. 2. Device pop. ^ characterized in that it is provided with triangular weirs placed on the inner vertical walls 15 sections with sand-catcher gutters, and on the inner surface of the walls of the body in the middle part of them streaming lugs are made.