RU94046221A - FIRST FILTER INSULATOR - Google Patents

Claims (13)

1. A clarifier containing an inlet for untreated water with particulate contaminants, a flotation tank, where contaminants are flocculated by a chemical added to the incoming water, and floated by microscopic air bubbles to the surface of the water in a flotation tank, where they form a floating layer sludge, a layer of filter medium located in the lower part of the flotation tank, for filtering water before it is fed to the outlet for clarified water and a means for removing pop-up sludge from the tank and its direction to the outlet for the sludge, characterized in that it contains:
means for separating at least the bottom of the flotation tank and filter medium into a plurality of vertically extending compartments;
means located in each compartment, made with the possibility of hydraulic communication with the filtering medium in the respective compartment;
first means connected to all compartments, configured to drain clarified and filtered water from the first selected compartments through said hydraulic communication means;
means for storing the first filtrate;
second means, connected to all compartments and means for storing the first filtrate, for directing the first filtrate water and filter medium to and from it in at least a second selected one of the compartments through said hydraulic communication means;
means for backwashing the filter medium in at least one of the compartments with first filtrate water flowing into said at least one compartment from said second means and
valve means for each compartment connected between the first and second means to isolate the first filtrate water from clarified water, the valve means being configured to selectively couple the means to the filter medium in said selected one of the compartments in accordance with the backwash.  2. The clarifier according to claim 1, characterized in that the backwash means includes a reservoir for storing the first leachate water and that the second drainage means is configured to direct the diverted first leachate water to and from the reservoir for storing the first leachate water.  3. The clarifier according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the first and second drainage means comprises an annular pipe surrounding the said reservoir and a plurality of clarified water collection means located in the filter medium in each compartment, and that said valve means is configured to selectively connecting each of the collection means to a selected one of the first and second annular pipelines.  4. The clarifier according to claim 3, characterized in that each collecting means comprises a branched pipe system with openings made therein for receiving clarified water.  5. The clarifier according to claim 4, characterized in that the said openings are elongated narrow slots.  6. The clarifier according to claim 3, characterized in that each of said valve means comprises a pair of valves connected between each collecting means and the first and second annular pipelines.  7. The clarifier according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a bottom, essentially a cylindrical outer side wall, a substantially cylindrical inner side wall and an annular bottom of the flotation tank, passing between the said inner and outer walls and located at some distance above the bottom clarifier, and the outer wall passes below the inner wall, forming together with the said inner wall, the bottom of the clarifier and the bottom of the flotation tank, a hydraulic flocculation tank.  8. The clarifier according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises a raw water distribution means including an annular pipe surrounding said outer wall and receiving raw water from the raw water inlet, and a plurality of secondary inlet nozzles, each of which extends from annular pipeline into the flocculation tank, and the nozzle is bent at an angle in the same direction.  9. The clarifier according to claim 2, characterized in that the backwash means includes a backwash pipe means connecting the storage tank for the first filter with the second drainage means and a pump integrated in the backwash pipe means.  10. The clarifier according to claim 9, characterized in that the backwash means comprises means for holding the filter medium in the compartments.  11. The clarifier according to claim 10, characterized in that the retention means includes compartmentalized vertical walls that are made high enough that the compartments contain an increased volume of the filter medium during backwashing.  12. The clarifier according to claim 11, characterized in that the holding means further comprises a plurality of inclined deflectors located in each compartment above the filter medium, and the sizes of the deflectors and their orientation are selected so as to slow down the flotation of flocculated contaminants and prevent the filter medium from moving through them.  13. The clarifier according to item 12, wherein the deflectors are made in the form of a system of inclined channels.