CN108996770B - A fast and efficient oil removal air flotation filter - Google Patents

A fast and efficient oil removal air flotation filter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108996770B
CN108996770B CN201811077124.4A CN201811077124A CN108996770B CN 108996770 B CN108996770 B CN 108996770B CN 201811077124 A CN201811077124 A CN 201811077124A CN 108996770 B CN108996770 B CN 108996770B
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air
area
filter
chamber
air floatation
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CN108996770A (en
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王晓阳
汪德罡
谢晓朋
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Beijing Hanqi Environmental Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Hanqi Environment Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/24Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/40Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-speed oil removing device which comprises a water inlet chamber and a plurality of air floatation chambers which are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of sewage, wherein one side of the water inlet chamber, which is far away from the air floatation chambers, is connected with a water inlet pipe, and each air floatation chamber is internally provided with a diversion trench and a dissolved air releaser arranged in the diversion trench; the air inlet chamber is communicated with the air floatation chamber through a water inlet, and a diversion trench arranged in the air floatation chamber close to the air inlet chamber is arranged at the water inlet and is communicated with the water inlet; the adjacent air floatation chambers are communicated through a water passing pore canal, and the diversion trenches arranged in the adjacent air floatation chambers are communicated with the water passing pore canal. The invention also discloses a rapid and efficient oil removal air flotation filter, which is sequentially provided with a high-speed oil removal area, a coagulation area, a flocculation area, an air flotation area and a filtering area along the sewage flow direction, wherein the high-speed oil removal area comprises the high-speed oil removal device, and the filtering area is connected with a water outlet pipe. The invention has the advantages that the invention can efficiently remove the oil in the sewage, realize the collection and recycling of part of the floating oil, and separate and filter ss suspended matters in the sewage.

Description

Quick high-efficient deoiling air supporting filtering pond
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to a rapid and efficient oil removal air floatation filter.
Background
The sewage after biochemical or physical-chemical reaction contains ss suspended matters, which refer to solid matters suspended in water, including inorganic matters, organic matters, muddy sand, clay, microorganisms and the like which are insoluble in water. Air floatation is a traditional solid-liquid separation means, an air floatation filter (DAFF) is a novel process combining a dissolved air floatation tank and a multi-medium filter, the upper part of the air floatation filter is a rectangular dissolved air floatation tank, and the lower part of the air floatation filter is a multi-medium filter.
The general air floatation filter consists of a dissolved air release system, a floatation filtering system, an air-water back flushing system and a sludge system. The principle of air floatation is that the partial reflux pressure air dissolving float method is adopted, 10% -27% of the total amount of water is pumped into an air dissolving tank, then the pressure is increased, air is compressed into the tank by an air compressor to supersaturate the tank, and then the air is instantaneously decompressed by an air dissolving release system to generate a large amount of micro bubbles, so that floccule substances generated by flocculation and some fine particles are combined with the micro bubbles to float on the water surface, free oil, emulsified oil and partial suspended matters which are not removed by air floatation are still in the water, and the filter tank continuously removes oil and suspended matters.
The existing air floatation filter has the following defects:
(1) When the water quality fluctuates, the operation of the air floatation filter tank is unstable;
(2) Some recoverable floating oil is caused when coagulant or flocculant is added, and the floating oil cannot be recycled;
(3) The air-float filter tank is not thoroughly backwashed, and the filter material is easy to harden.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a high-speed oil removing device, which has the advantages that: can efficiently remove the floating oil in the sewage.
The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the high-speed oil removing device comprises a water inlet chamber and a plurality of air floatation chambers which are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of sewage, wherein one side of the water inlet chamber, which is far away from the air floatation chambers, is connected with a water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe stretches into the water inlet chamber, and the pipe section of the water inlet pipe, which stretches into the water inlet chamber, extends upwards;
a diversion trench and a dissolved air releaser arranged in the diversion trench are arranged in each air floatation chamber, and an air inlet pipe connected with the dissolved air releaser is inserted into each air floatation chamber;
the air inlet chamber is communicated with the air floatation chamber close to the air inlet chamber through a water inlet, and a diversion trench arranged in the air floatation chamber close to the air inlet chamber is positioned at the water inlet and is communicated with the water inlet;
the adjacent air floatation chambers are communicated through a water passing pore canal, and the diversion trenches arranged in the adjacent air floatation chambers are communicated with the water passing pore canal.
Through the technical scheme, the dissolved air releaser can form a plurality of tiny bubbles, the tiny bubbles bring oil particles in water to the water surface in the floating process, an oil layer is formed on the water surface, the dissolved air releaser is positioned in the water flow direction in the diversion trench, the rising speed of the oil particles is accelerated, and the oil particles are quickly dissolved in the oil layer after rising to the water surface. The arrangement of a plurality of air floatation chambers can remove oil particles in sewage for a plurality of times so as to realize the purpose of high-efficiency removal.
The invention is further provided with: the diversion trench is arranged into a semi-cylindrical diversion trench, one end of the diversion trench along the axial direction is provided with an inlet communicated with the water channel or the water inlet, and one end of the diversion trench far away from the inlet is closed;
the included angle of 40-60 degrees is formed between the plane of the notch of the diversion trench and the horizontal plane.
Through the technical scheme, sewage in the water inlet pipe flows into the diversion trench connected with the sewage inlet pipe, water flow in the diversion trench and bubbles formed by the dissolved air releaser move in the same path, the bubbles bring oil particles in water to the upper surface of the water to form an oil layer in the floating process, water flow in the diversion trench flows into the next air flotation chamber through the water passage, oil particles in the sewage float up to the water surface to form an oil layer, and the sewage flowing into the air flotation region is deoiled for a plurality of times.
The invention is further provided with: the air flotation chamber with the lateral wall of upper portion of intake chamber still is connected with the oil trap, the air flotation chamber with the intake chamber is equipped with the lateral wall top of oil trap and is less than the top of air flotation filter, just the air flotation chamber with the intake chamber is equipped with the lateral wall upper portion of oil trap and is equipped with the oil skimming weir plate that the top is the cockscomb structure, the oil trap is in oil skimming weir plate below.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, along with the accumulation of oil granule of come-up, oil granule overflows the skimming weir plate, flows to the oil collecting tank, realizes the collection to the oil granule, makes things convenient for later stage circulation to recycle.
The invention also aims to provide a rapid and efficient oil removal air flotation filter which comprises a high-speed oil removal area, an air flotation area and a filtering area which are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of sewage, wherein the high-speed oil removal area comprises the high-speed oil removal device as claimed in any one of claims, the air flotation area is communicated with one side, far away from a water inlet chamber, of the high-speed oil removal area through a water channel, and the bottom of the filtering area is connected with a water outlet pipe.
Through the technical scheme, sewage passing through the high-speed oil removing device sequentially passes through the air floatation area and the filtering area, oil is removed from the sewage, ss suspended matters are removed, and finally the sewage flows out from the water outlet pipe.
The invention is further provided with: and a coagulation area is further arranged between the high-speed oil removal area and the air floatation area, a first stirrer is arranged in the coagulation area, and a water channel which is communicated with the high-speed oil removal area and the coagulation area is arranged at the bottom of the coagulation area, which is close to one side of the high-speed oil removal area.
Through the technical scheme, sewage after high-speed oil removal enters the coagulation area from the water channel, sewage and coagulant in the coagulation area are fully mixed under the action of the first stirrer to form a large number of fine alum flowers, and the small alum flowers enter the air floatation area after being flocculated by the flocculation area.
The invention is further provided with: a plug flow area is further arranged between the high-speed oil removal area and the coagulation area, and the plug flow area is communicated with the high-speed oil removal area and the coagulation area through a water passage;
the water passing channel between the plug flow area and the high-speed oil removing area is positioned at the lower end of the air floatation filter, and the water passing channel between the plug flow area and the coagulation area is positioned at the upper end of the air floatation filter.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of plug flow district makes the sewage in the plug flow district flow in from the upper end in coagulation zone, and the effect of combination first agitator again, sewage and coagulant contact more abundant when the coagulant is thrown into.
The invention is further provided with: a flocculation area is further arranged between the coagulation area and the air flotation area, a guide cylinder is arranged in the flocculation area, and a second stirrer is arranged in the guide cylinder;
the flocculation area is close to the bottom of one side of the high-speed oil removal area is provided with a water passing pore canal which is communicated with the air floatation chamber and the flocculation area, a flow guide pipe is arranged between the water passing pore canal and the flow guide cylinder, one end of the flow guide pipe is arranged at the water passing pore canal and is communicated with the water passing pore canal, and the other end of the flow guide pipe is positioned in the flow guide cylinder.
Through the technical scheme, the mixed liquid after coagulation in the coagulation zone enters the flocculation zone, the flocculant is added in the flocculation zone, and ss suspended matters in sewage form flocs under the action of the flocculant and enter the air flotation zone. The arrangement of the guide cylinder and the second stirrer enables sewage to form an internal circulation in the flocculation area, so that the sewage in the flocculation area can be fully contacted with the flocculant.
The invention is further provided with: a dissolved air releaser is also arranged in the air floating zone, the dissolved air releaser is connected with a dissolved air tank, and an air inlet pipe arranged in an air floating chamber of the high-speed oil removing device is connected with the dissolved air tank;
the filtering area is close to one side of the air floatation area and is provided with a baffle plate for separating the filtering area from the air floatation area, and the upper end surface of the baffle plate is lower than the upper end surface of the air floatation filter tank so that mixed liquid in the air floatation area flows into the filtering area.
Through the technical scheme, the dissolved air releaser in the air flotation zone can form a large number of bubbles, the bubbles bring large alum flowers formed in sewage to the water surface, and part of sewage turns over the baffle plate to enter the filtering zone.
The invention is further provided with: the upper part of the baffle plate inclines towards one side of the filtering area and forms an included angle of 50-70 degrees with the horizontal direction.
Through the technical scheme, the water distribution can be uniform, and a dead water area can not be generated in the air floatation area; the probability of large bubbles generated by collision of small bubbles can also be reduced.
The invention is further provided with: the lower part of the filtering area is provided with a filtering material layer, the upper end of the filtering area is provided with a slag scraping machine, and one side of the filtering area, which is provided with the slag scraping machine, is provided with a slag scraping groove for collecting scum after slag scraping of the slag scraping machine.
According to the technical scheme, part of alum blossom which passes through the baffle plate and enters the filtering area forms a layer of scum on the surface of the filtering pond, and the scum is scraped by the slag scraper and falls into a slag scraping groove; some dense and heavy alum flowers can slowly settle down due to gravity, and the alum flowers are filtered by the filter material of the filter material layer.
The invention is further provided with: a backwashing device is further arranged between the filter material layer and the bottom of the air flotation filter, the backwashing device comprises a stripping conduit arranged in the filter material layer, the stripping conduit is communicated up and down, one end, close to the bottom of the air flotation filter, of the stripping conduit is positioned in the filter material layer, and filter materials are filled in the stripping conduit;
one end of the stripping conduit is communicated with a backwash air inlet pipe, and one end of the backwash air inlet pipe, which is far away from the stripping conduit, penetrates through the side wall of the air floatation filter tank to be connected with a fan.
Through the technical scheme, when the filter material cleaning device is used, the internal circulation of the filter material in the stripping conduit can be realized by inflating the stripping conduit through the backwashing air inlet pipe, and the process of cleaning the filter material is achieved by mutual friction disturbance among the filter materials. Compared with the prior art, the backwashing device can realize the cleaning operation of the filter materials without arranging a backwashing water inlet pipe, reduces investment, simplifies backwashing flow and ensures that backwashing is simpler and more convenient.
The invention is further provided with: and a plurality of wire-wound filter pipes are also arranged above the filter material layer, one end of each wire-wound filter pipe is closed, and the other end of each wire-wound filter pipe directly or after being communicated passes through the wall of the air floatation filter tank and is communicated with a backwashing wastewater tank.
Through the technical scheme, the setting of the wire-wound filter pipe discharges backwash wastewater to a backwash wastewater tank, and meanwhile, filter materials cannot flow out.
The invention is further provided with: a plurality of filter heads and filter plates are arranged below the filter material layer, the filter plates are fixedly connected with the chamber walls of the air flotation filter, and the filter heads are fixedly connected on the filter plates.
Through the technical scheme, a filter plate is further arranged below the filter material layer, the filter plate is fixedly connected with the chamber wall of the air flotation filter chamber, and a plurality of filter heads are arranged on the filter plate.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the occupied area is smaller. Because the air floatation tank and the filter tank are overlapped, the occupied area can be reduced by 50%, and the air floatation tank is particularly suitable for factory reconstruction projects with shortage of occupied area;
2. the collection and recycling of the floating oil can be realized, and the floating oil is rapidly collected through the multi-chamber design of the air floatation tank;
3. the application fields are relatively wide, and the oil field produced water, offshore platform produced water, oil refining and petrochemical oily sewage, coal chemical oily sewage, oil tanker ballast water, white water of paper mill, mining sewage, food processing factory sewage, old factory reconstruction, occasions with limited occupied land, occasions with recycling requirements on oil, occasions with substandard oil removal of the existing cavitation air floatation and dissolved air floatation and the like;
4. the ss suspended matters in the sewage are separated and filtered through the arrangement of the air floatation area and the filtering area;
5. the floating oil is collected through the air floatation chamber, so that the dosage is reduced, the dosage is less, the operation cost is low, the operation energy consumption is low, the construction investment is saved, and the construction of the whole steel structure can be realized;
6. the backwashing device can realize backwashing of the filter material layer, and ensures the quality and quantity of effluent water;
7. the arrangement of the wire-wound filter pipe can enable backwash wastewater in the filtering area to flow out, and simultaneously prevent filter materials from flowing out along with the backwash wastewater;
8. the method can realize that the oil content of the final effluent is less than or equal to 5ppm, and the coagulation zone, the flocculation zone, the air flotation zone and the filtration zone are arranged, so that the water suspended matters are finally realized to be less than or equal to 5ppm, the treatment precision is high, and the quality of the effluent is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-speed degreasing device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an air flotation filter provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a flow guide groove embodying the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a backwash assembly embodying the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a water inlet pipe; 2. a high-speed oil removal area; 21. a diversion trench; 211. an inlet; 212. a water outlet; 22. skimming weir plates; 23. a water passing hole; 24. an air floatation chamber; 241. an oil sump; 242. a water inlet; 25. a water inlet chamber; 3. a coagulation zone; 31. a first agitator; 32. a coagulant adding pipe; 4. a flocculation zone; 41. a second stirrer; 42. a guide cylinder; 43. a flocculant adding pipe; 44. a flow guiding pipe; 5. an air floatation area; 6. a filtration zone; 61. a baffle; 62. a slag scraping machine; 621. a slag scraping groove; 63. a filter material layer; 64. a water outlet pipe; 65. a stripping conduit; 66. backwashing an air inlet pipe; 67. a wire wound water filtering pipe; 68. a filter head; 69. a filter plate; 7. a dissolved air releaser; 71. a dissolved air tank; 8. and a water passing channel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "back", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "bottom" and "top" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the high-speed oil removal device provided in this embodiment includes an intake chamber 25 and a plurality of air-floating chambers 24 sequentially arranged along the sewage flowing direction, one side of the intake chamber 25 away from the air-floating chambers 24 is connected with a water inlet pipe 1, and the water inlet pipe 1 passes through the wall of the intake chamber 25 away from one side of the air-floating chambers 24 and extends upwards. The water inlet chamber 25 is communicated with the air floatation chamber 24 through a water passing pore canal 23, and the adjacent air floatation chambers 24 are also communicated through the water passing pore canal 23, and the water passing pore canal 23 is respectively arranged on the adjacent air floatation chamber 24 or the common chamber wall of the air floatation chamber 24 and the water inlet chamber 25. Each air floatation chamber 24 is internally provided with a dissolved air releaser 7 and a diversion trench 21, the dissolved air releaser 7 is positioned in the diversion trench 21, the dissolved air releaser 7 is connected with a dissolved air tank 71 through an air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe is inserted in the air floatation chamber 24.
A spiral separator can be arranged between the water inlet pipe 1 and the high-speed oil removing area 2, the spiral separator is obliquely arranged, and the arrangement of the spiral separator can be used for primarily separating particles with larger specific gravity in sewage entering the high-speed oil removing area 2.
The dissolved air releaser 7 forms a plurality of tiny bubbles, and the tiny bubbles bring oil particles in water to the water surface in the floating process, so that an oil layer is formed on the water surface. The sewage entering the high-speed oil removal area 2 from the water inlet pipe 1 is subjected to coarse filtration by the arrangement of the water inlet chamber 25, and the water inlet pipe 1 is arranged in the water inlet chamber 25 and in the vertical direction, so that the sewage in the water inlet chamber 25 enters the air floatation chamber 24 through certain disturbance, and oil particles in the sewage are brought to the liquid level under the action of the dissolved air releaser 7. The arrangement of the plurality of air floatation chambers 24 removes oil particles in the sewage for a plurality of times. The dissolved air releaser 7 is positioned in the sewage flowing direction in the diversion trench 21 to accelerate the rising speed of the oil particles, and the oil particles are quickly dissolved in an oil layer after rising to the water surface.
In order to collect floating oil above the liquid level, the outer side walls of the upper parts of the air flotation chamber 24 and the water inlet chamber 25 are also connected with an oil collecting tank 241, the upper part of the chamber wall provided with the oil collecting tank 241 is provided with an oil skimming weir plate 22 with a zigzag top, the top end of the oil skimming weir plate 22 is lower than the top end of the air flotation filter, the oil skimming weir plate 22 is arranged along the length direction of the chamber wall provided with the oil collecting tank 241, and the oil collecting tank 241 is positioned below the oil skimming weir plate 22. So set up and make along with the accumulation of oil slick, the oil slick of liquid level top overflows oil skimming weir plate 22 inflow oil trap 241, realizes the collection to the oil granule, makes things convenient for later stage circulation to recycle. The skimming baffle 22 is detachably connected with the air flotation chamber 24 or the water inlet chamber 25, and the height of the skimming baffle 22 can be adjusted. The lower ends of the air floatation chambers 24 are provided with discharge valves, so that when the air floatation chambers 24 are cleaned or maintained, sewage in the air floatation chambers 24 is discharged, and cleaning is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the diversion trench 21 is configured as a semicircular diversion trench, one end of the diversion trench 21 along the axial direction is provided with an inlet 211 communicated with the water passing duct 23 or the water inlet 242, and one end of the diversion trench 21 away from the inlet 211 is closed. The diversion trench 21 in the air-floating chamber 24 arranged at one side close to the water inlet chamber 25 is arranged at the water inlet 242 and is communicated with the water inlet 242. The inlets 211 of the diversion trenches 21 in the rest of the air floatation chambers 24 are communicated with the water passing pore canal 23. The notch of the diversion trench 21 forms a water outlet 212 for sewage to flow from the diversion trench 21 to the air floating chamber 24, and one end of the water outlet 212 is higher than the other end in the radial direction, that is to say, the plane of the notch of the diversion trench 21 forms an included angle of 40-60 degrees with the horizontal plane. The flow guiding groove 21 makes the water flow and the bubbles move along the same path, the tiny bubbles bring the oil particles in the water to the water surface in the floating process, and meanwhile, the water outlet 212 enables the sewage in the flow guiding groove 21 to flow out from the low end, and then flows to the flow guiding groove 21 of the next air floating chamber 24 from the water passing hole 23, so that the water flow in the air floating chamber 24 is pushed to be disturbed, and the oil particles in the sewage are enabled to float to the water surface more. And the plurality of air floatation chambers 24 are sequentially circulated to remove oil from the oil particles in the sewage for a plurality of times.
The water passing pore canal 23 or the water inlet 242 can be arranged at the middle part of the wall of the air floatation chamber 24 and can also be arranged at other parts in the air floatation chamber 24, when the water passing pore canal 23 or the water inlet 242 is arranged below the wall of the air floatation chamber 24, the diversion trench 21 is also arranged below the wall of the air floatation chamber 24, so that the sewage in the air floatation chamber 24 is more convenient to disturb up and down, the contact area with bubbles is larger, and the oil removal is cleaner and more efficient.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the fast and efficient oil removing device with the fast oil removing device provided by the embodiment includes a fast oil removing area 2, a coagulation area 3, a flocculation area 4, an air floatation area 5 and a filtration area 6 which are sequentially arranged along the sewage flowing direction, the fast oil removing area 2 includes the fast oil removing device in embodiment 1, the fast oil removing area 2 is communicated with the coagulation area 3, the flocculation area 4 and the air floatation area 5 through a water channel 8, and the water channel 8 can be arranged between the bottom end coagulation area 3 and the flocculation area 4 of a shared wall surface in an adjacent area of the air floatation filter tank and communicated through a water channel 23. The bottom of the filtering area 6 is communicated with a water outlet pipe 64 for water flowing out after air floatation filtering. The high-speed oil removal area 2 is used for efficiently removing oil particles of sewage for many times, so that the sewage after the oil particles are removed enters the coagulation area 3 through the water passage 8, the coagulation area 3 enables ss suspended matters in the sewage to form fine small alum flowers, sewage mixed liquor with the small alum flowers enters the flocculation area 4 through the water passage 23, the flocculation area 4 polymerizes the fine small alum flowers to form uniform and compact large alum flowers, the alum flower mixed liquor enters the air flotation area 5 through the water passage 8, the large alum flowers are brought to the water surface through the air flotation area 5, part of sewage enters the filtering area 6, the ss suspended matters in the sewage are filtered through the treatment of the filtering area 6, and finally the filtered water flows out of the water outlet pipe 64.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a first stirrer 31 and a coagulant adding pipe 32 are installed in the coagulation zone 3, a water passing channel 8 is positioned at the bottom of one side of the coagulation zone 3, which is close to the flocculation zone 4, and the water passing channel 8 is arranged to communicate the high-speed oil removing zone 2 with the coagulation zone 3, so that water after high-speed oil removal in the high-speed oil removing zone 2 enters the coagulation zone 3 from the water passing channel 8, coagulant is added into the coagulation zone 3 through the coagulant adding pipe 32, under the action of the first stirrer 31, sewage and coagulant in the coagulation zone 3 are fully mixed and stirred, the coagulant added in the process is aluminum salt, and a large amount of fine alum flowers are formed through the actions of neutralization by adsorption electricity, bridging by adsorption, double-electronic layer compression and the like.
A plug flow area 9 is further arranged between the high-speed oil removal area 2 and the coagulation area 3, the plug flow area 9 is communicated with the high-speed oil removal area 2 and the coagulation area 3 through a water channel 8, the water channel 8 between the plug flow area 9 and the high-speed oil removal area 2 is positioned at the lower end of the air floatation filter, and the water channel 8 between the plug flow area 9 and the coagulation area 3 is positioned at the upper end of the air floatation filter. The setting of plug flow district 9 makes the sewage after deoiling in the high-speed deoiling district 2 flow to plug flow district 9 through water channel 8 and then flow to coagulation district 3 through water channel 8 for sewage flows in from coagulation district 3's upper end, and the effect of first agitator 31 is combined again, and sewage and coagulant contact more fully when the coagulant was thrown into.
The flocculation zone 4 internally mounted has draft tube 42 and flocculant adding pipe 43, and the draft tube 42 is inside to be provided with second agitator 41, and the water channel 23 is in the bottom that flocculation zone 4 is close to flocculation zone 3 one side, and water channel 23 will coagulate zone 3 and flocculation zone 4 and be linked together, and water channel 23 communicates through honeycomb duct 44 between water channel 23 and the draft tube 42, and honeycomb duct 44 one end setting is in water channel 23 department and with water channel 23 intercommunication, and the other end is in inside draft tube 42. The sewage after coagulation treatment enters the flocculation zone 4 through the water passage 23, the flocculant is added in the flocculation zone 4 through the flocculant adding pipe 43, the flocculant is added through the adding ring, the flow guide pipe 44 is arranged to enable the sewage to flow upwards from the inside of the flow guide cylinder 42 to be fully contacted with the flocculant, then flow downwards from the top of the flow guide cylinder 42, then enter the flow guide cylinder 42 from the bottom of the flow guide cylinder 42 again, an internal circulation is formed in the flocculation zone 4, and the disturbance effect on the sewage is increased by the second stirrer 41, so that the sewage is more fully contacted with the flocculant. The flocculant polymerizes the formed fine alum blossom together to form relatively large, uniform and compact alum blossom, and the formed alum blossom mixed solution enters the air flotation zone 5 through the water channel 8.
The flocculant and the coagulant can polymerize the independent particles in the sewage to form alum blossom, and when the oily sewage with the oil drop diameter more than or equal to 100 mu m is treated, a coagulating agent is not required to be added; treating oily sewage with oil drop size less than 100 microns, adding coagulating agent, and forming small alum blossom from small granular substances.
The air flotation zone 5 is also internally provided with a dissolved air releaser 7, the dissolved air releaser 7 is connected with a dissolved air tank 71, one side of the filtering zone 6 close to the air flotation zone 5 is provided with a baffle 61 for separating the filtering zone 6 from the air flotation zone 5, and the top end of the baffle 61 is inclined towards one side of the filtering zone 6 and forms an included angle of 50-70 degrees with the horizontal direction. The upper end surface of the baffle 61 is lower than the upper end surface of the air floatation filter to allow the mixed liquid in the air floatation zone 5 to flow into the filtering zone 6. The dissolved air releaser 7 of the air flotation zone 5 forms a large number of bubbles which carry the large alum blossom formed in the sewage to the water surface, and part of the sewage turns over the baffle 61 and enters the filtering zone 6. The baffle 61 can make the air-floating zone 5 evenly distribute water when flowing to the filtering zone 6, and the air-floating zone 5 can not produce dead water zone, can also reduce the probability that the small bubble collides big bubble.
The lower end of the filtering area 6 is provided with a filtering material layer 63, and the filtering material layer 63 is internally provided with filtering materials. When the requirements of the effluent water on oil removal are high, the walnut shell filter material is selected as the filter material of the filter material layer 63; when the water demand ss is high, the filter material layer 63 adopts quartz sand as the filter material. A slag scraper 62 and a slag scraping groove 621 for collecting scum after slag scraping by the slag scraper 62 are arranged above the filtering area 6, and the slag scraping groove 621 is arranged above the filtering area 6 and at one side of the slag scraper 62. The alum flowers with smaller specific gravity which enter the filtering area 6 through the baffle 61 form a layer of scum on the surface of the filtering pond, and the scum is scraped by the scum scraper 62 and falls into the scum scraping groove 621; some of the denser and heavier alum flowers will slowly settle down due to gravity and be filtered by the filter material of the filter material layer 63. The final scum is in the scum tank 621, and the water after the filtration and separation flows out of the water outlet pipe 64. The slag scraping machine 62 may be a traveling type slag scraping machine, the working principle and the working process of the slag scraping machine 62 are common knowledge in the art, and the setting of the slag scraping machine 62 is also a common technical means, and the embodiment will not be described in detail.
After the filtering area 6 works for a period of time, as the dirt interception amount of the filtering material layer 63 increases, the porosity of the filtering material is continuously reduced, the sludge permeability is deepened, the resistance to water flow is increased, the filtering speed is reduced, the water level of the filtering pond is gradually increased, and the turbidity of the filtered water is increased. In order to ensure the quality and quantity of the discharged water, the filter material layer 63 is usually flushed by the reverse water flow of the backwashing device, so that the filter material layer 63 is regenerated, and the filtering area 6 resumes normal operation. As shown in fig. 1 and 4, a backwashing device is arranged between the filter material layer 63 and the bottom of the air flotation filter, the backwashing device comprises a plurality of stripping pipes 65 arranged in the filter material layer 63 and a backwashing air inlet pipe 66 communicated with the stripping pipes 65, the stripping pipes 65 are communicated up and down, one end of the stripping pipe 65 close to the bottom of the air flotation filter is positioned in the filter material layer 63, and the stripping pipes 65 are filled with filter materials. The stripping duct 65 is provided according to the size of the filter layer 63, and may be provided according to the area of the filter layer 63 or the like. One end of the backwashing air inlet pipe 66 is connected with the stripping conduit 65 in a penetrating way, the other end of the backwashing air inlet pipe 66 penetrates through the side wall of the air floatation filter tank to be connected with a fan, and a manual valve is arranged on the backwashing air inlet pipe 66. The water outlet pipe 64 is provided with a water outlet valve. When backwashing is needed, water inlet is stopped firstly, then the liquid level of a filtering area is reduced, when the liquid level is lower than a baffle 61, a water outlet valve is closed, a fan is electrified, the fan continuously blows air into a backwashing air inlet pipe 66 and then flows to a stripping conduit 65, filter materials in the stripping conduit 65 move upwards under the action of air, filter materials around the stripping conduit 65 are supplemented into the stripping conduit 65 from the lower end of the stripping conduit 65, meanwhile, the filter materials in the stripping conduit 65 move to two sides of the stripping conduit 65 from the upper end and then move downwards again to be supplemented into the stripping conduit 65, so that a disturbed internal circulation is formed by the filter materials and dirt on the filter materials, mutual friction disturbance among the filter materials is achieved, and the filter material cleaning process is achieved.
In order to discharge backwash wastewater in the filtering area 6, in this embodiment, a plurality of wire-wound water filtering pipes 67 are further installed above the filtering material layer 63, one end of each wire-wound water filtering pipe 67 is closed, and the other end of each wire-wound water filtering pipe directly or after being communicated passes through the wall of the air floatation filter tank and is communicated with a backwash wastewater tank. The wire wound water filter pipe 67 is provided with a valve. In one embodiment, the wall of the air floatation filter is connected with the wire winding filter pipe 67 and one end of the wire winding filter pipe 67 connected with the wall of the air floatation filter is closed, in this scheme, the other end of the wire winding filter pipe 67 can directly extend out of the wall of the air floatation filter and be communicated with the backwash wastewater tank, or can extend out of the wall of the air floatation filter through a main pipe and be communicated with the backwash wastewater tank after being mutually communicated. In another embodiment, one end of the wire-wound water filtering pipe 67 is positioned in the filtering area 6 and is in a closed state, and in this scheme, the other end of the wire-wound water filtering pipe 67 can also directly or after being communicated, extend out of the wall of the air floatation filter tank to be communicated with the backwash wastewater tank. The arrangement of the wire-wound water filter tube 67 is not limited to the above scheme, and other modes are also possible, and only the two ends of the wire-wound water filter tube 67 are required to be ensured to be in the filtering area 6 instead of being in an open state, so that the filter material is prevented from flowing into the wire-wound water filter tube 67. By adopting the setting mode of the wire-wound filter pipe, after backwashing is completed, a valve on the wire-wound filter pipe 67 is opened, dirt on the filter material flows into sewage in the filter material cleaning process, and backwash wastewater with the dirt flows out through the wire-wound filter pipe 67 and enters a backwash wastewater tank. Compared with the prior art, the backwashing device can realize the cleaning operation of the filter materials without arranging a backwashing water inlet pipe, reduces investment, simplifies backwashing flow and ensures that backwashing is simpler and more convenient.
In addition, a plurality of filter heads 68 and filter plates 69 are arranged on the filter material layer 63, the filter plates 69 are fixedly connected with the wall of the air floatation filter chamber, and the filter heads 68 are fixedly arranged on the filter plates 69. The filter head 68 is arranged so that the sewage filtered in the filter material layer 63 flows into the bottom end of the air-float filter through the filter head 69 and then flows out of the water outlet pipe 64, and meanwhile, the filter material is prevented from flowing into the bottom of the air-float filter from the filter head 69.
Through the arrangement of the high-speed oil removing area 2, oil slick in sewage is removed for many times, and the aggregation, air floatation and filtration actions of suspended matters in sewage through the coagulation area 3, the flocculation area 4 and the air floatation area 5 and the filtration area 6 finally lead the air floatation filter to have high sewage treatment precision and good effluent quality, so that the effects that the effluent suspended matters are less than or equal to 5ppm and the oil content is less than or equal to 5ppm can be achieved.
The working process comprises the following steps: the sewage in the water inlet pipe 1 enters the water inlet chamber 25 and then enters the air floatation chamber 24, the dissolved air releaser 7 can form a plurality of tiny bubbles, the tiny bubbles bring oil particles in water to the water surface in the floating process, an oil layer is formed on the water surface, then overflows through the oil skimming weir plate 22 and flows into the oil collecting groove 241, and meanwhile, the sewage in the diversion trench 21 flows out from a water outlet at the lower end, and then flows into the diversion trench 21 of the next air floatation chamber 24 from the water passing pore canal 23. And the plurality of air floatation chambers 24 are sequentially circulated to remove oil from the oil particles in the sewage for a plurality of times. The water after high-speed degreasing enters the coagulation zone 3 from the water passage 8, under the action of the first stirrer 31, sewage and coagulant in the coagulation zone 3 are fully mixed and stirred to form fine alum flowers, the fine alum flowers enter the flocculation zone 4 through the water passage 23, flocculant is added, the fine alum flowers are polymerized to form relatively large uniform and compact alum flowers, the alum flower mixed solution enters the air floatation zone 5 through the water passage 8, a large number of bubbles are formed by the dissolved air releaser 7 of the air floatation zone 5, the large alum flowers formed in the sewage are brought onto the water surface by the bubbles, and part of sewage turns over the baffle 61 to enter the filtering zone 6. Part of alum flowers which are turned over the baffle 61 and enter the filtering area 6 forms a layer of scum on the surface of the filtering pond, and the scum is scraped by the scum scraper 62 and falls into the scum scraping groove 621; some of the denser and heavier alum flowers will slowly settle down due to gravity and be filtered by the filter material of the filter material layer 63. The final scum is in the scum tank 621, and the water after the filtration and separation flows out of the water outlet pipe 64.
The air floatation filter tank is used for treating petrochemical oily sewage, the running pressure of the dissolved air tank 71 is 6Bar, the dissolved air quantity is larger than that of the traditional dissolved air floatation, the retention time of the air floatation chamber 24 is short and is 15-20 minutes, and the air floatation filter tank can be used for quickly recovering free oil. And the dissolved air tank 71 and the dissolved air releaser 7 can ensure 30 to 80 micrometers of bubbles, are uniformly distributed, can be effectively attached to oil particles and suspended matters, and float to the liquid surface together. Wherein the sewage quality and the treated result are as follows.
Project Containing oil SS
Index of water inflow 300ppm 100mg/l
Effluent index ≤30ppm ≤20mg/l
Project Containing oil SS
Effluent index 78ppm 50mg/l
Project Containing oil SS
Effluent index 4ppm 4mg/l
From the table, the sewage finally achieves the effect that the oil content of the effluent suspended matters is less than or equal to 5ppm through treatment, and the effluent suspended matters are less than or equal to 5ppm through treatment of the air-float filter, so that the treatment precision of the air-float filter is high, and the effluent quality is good.
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present invention as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A high-speed deoiling device is characterized in that: the sewage treatment device comprises a water inlet chamber (25) and a plurality of air floatation chambers (24) which are sequentially arranged along the sewage flowing direction, wherein one side, far away from the air floatation chambers (24), of the water inlet chamber (25) is connected with a water inlet pipe (1), the water inlet pipe (1) stretches into the water inlet chamber (25), and the pipe section, stretching into the water inlet chamber (25), of the water inlet pipe (1) stretches upwards; a diversion trench (21) and a dissolved air releaser (7) arranged in the diversion trench (21) are arranged in each air floatation chamber (24), and an air inlet pipe connected with the dissolved air releaser (7) is inserted into each air floatation chamber (24);
the air inlet chamber (25) is communicated with the air floatation chamber (24) close to the air inlet chamber (25) through a water inlet (242), and a diversion trench (21) arranged in the air floatation chamber (24) close to the air inlet chamber (25) is positioned at the water inlet (242) and is communicated with the water inlet (242);
the adjacent air floatation chambers (24) are communicated through a water passing pore canal (23), and a diversion trench (21) arranged in each adjacent air floatation chamber (24) is communicated with the water passing pore canal (23);
the diversion trench (21) is arranged into a semi-cylindrical diversion trench, one end of the diversion trench (21) along the axial direction is provided with an inlet (211) communicated with the water passing duct (23) or the water inlet (242), and one end of the diversion trench (21) far away from the inlet (211) is closed; the included angle of 40-60 degrees is formed between the plane of the notch of the diversion trench (21) and the horizontal plane;
the upper outer side walls of the air flotation chamber (24) and the water inlet chamber (25) are also connected with oil collecting grooves (241), the top ends of the side walls of the air flotation chamber (24) and the water inlet chamber (25) provided with the oil collecting grooves (241) are lower than the top ends of the air flotation filter, the upper parts of the side walls of the air flotation chamber (24) and the water inlet chamber (25) provided with the oil collecting grooves (241) are provided with oil skimming weir plates (22) with saw-tooth-shaped tops, and the oil collecting grooves (241) are positioned below the oil skimming weir plates (22);
the oil skimming weir plate (22) is detachably connected with the air floatation chamber (24) or the water inlet chamber (25), and the height of the oil skimming weir plate (22) can be adjusted.
2. A quick and efficient oil removal air floatation filter is characterized in that: the high-speed oil removal device comprises a high-speed oil removal area (2), an air floatation area (5) and a filtering area (6) which are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of sewage, wherein the high-speed oil removal area (2) comprises the high-speed oil removal device according to claim 1, the air floatation area (5) is communicated with one side, far away from a water inlet chamber (25), of the high-speed oil removal area (2) through a water channel (8), and the bottom of the filtering area (6) is connected with a water outlet pipe (64);
a filter material layer (63) is arranged at the inner lower part of the filter area (6); a backwashing device is further arranged between the filter material layer (63) and the bottom of the air flotation filter, the backwashing device comprises a stripping conduit (65) arranged in the filter material layer (63), the stripping conduit (65) is communicated up and down, one end, close to the bottom of the air flotation filter, of the stripping conduit is positioned in the filter material layer (63), and the stripping conduit (65) is filled with filter materials; one end, close to the air flotation filter, of the stripping conduit (65) is communicated with a backwash air inlet pipe (66), and one end, far away from the stripping conduit (65), of the backwash air inlet pipe (66) penetrates through the side wall of the air flotation filter and is connected with a fan;
a plurality of wire-wound filter pipes (67) are also arranged above the filter material layer (63), one end of each wire-wound filter pipe (67) is closed, and the other end of each wire-wound filter pipe directly or after being communicated passes through the wall of the air floatation filter tank and is communicated with a backwashing wastewater tank;
a filter plate (69) is further arranged below the filter material layer (63), the filter plate (69) is fixedly connected with the chamber wall of the air flotation filter chamber, and a plurality of filter heads (68) are arranged on the filter plate (69).
3. The rapid and efficient oil removal air floatation filter chamber according to claim 2, wherein the rapid and efficient oil removal air floatation filter chamber is characterized in that: the high-speed oil removal area (2) and the air floatation area (5) are further provided with a coagulation area (3), a first stirrer (31) is arranged in the coagulation area (3), and a water channel (8) which is communicated with the high-speed oil removal area (2) and the coagulation area (3) is arranged at the bottom of one side of the coagulation area (3) close to the high-speed oil removal area (2).
4. A rapid and efficient degreasing air flotation filter as claimed in claim 3, wherein: a plug flow area (9) is further arranged between the high-speed oil removal area (2) and the coagulation area (3), and the plug flow area (9) is communicated with the high-speed oil removal area (2) and the coagulation area (3) through a water channel (8); the water passing channel (8) between the plug flow area (9) and the high-speed oil removing area (2) is positioned at the lower end of the air floatation filter, and the water passing channel (8) between the plug flow area (9) and the coagulation area (3) is positioned at the upper end of the air floatation filter.
5. A rapid and efficient degreasing air flotation filter as claimed in claim 3, wherein: a flocculation area (4) is further arranged between the coagulation area (3) and the air flotation area (5), a guide cylinder (42) is arranged in the flocculation area (4), and a second stirrer (41) is arranged in the guide cylinder (42); the flocculation zone (4) is close to the bottom of one side of the high-speed oil removal zone (2) and is provided with a water passing pore canal (23) which is communicated with the air floatation chamber (24) and the flocculation zone (4), a flow guide pipe (44) is arranged between the water passing pore canal (23) and the flow guide cylinder (42), one end of the flow guide pipe (44) is arranged at the water passing pore canal (23) and is communicated with the water passing pore canal (23), and the other end of the flow guide pipe is positioned in the flow guide cylinder (42).
6. The rapid and efficient oil removal air floatation filter chamber according to claim 2, wherein the rapid and efficient oil removal air floatation filter chamber is characterized in that: a dissolved air releaser (7) is also arranged in the air floating zone (5), the dissolved air releaser (7) is connected with a dissolved air tank (71), and an air inlet pipe arranged in an air floating chamber (24) of the high-speed oil removing device is connected with the dissolved air tank (71); one side of the filtering area (6) close to the air floatation area (5) is provided with a baffle (61) for separating the filtering area (6) from the air floatation area (5), and the upper end surface of the baffle (61) is lower than the upper end surface of the air floatation filter tank so that mixed liquid in the air floatation area (5) flows into the filtering area (6).
7. The rapid and efficient oil removal air floatation filter chamber according to claim 6, wherein the rapid and efficient oil removal air floatation filter chamber is characterized in that: the upper part of the baffle plate (61) is inclined towards one side of the filtering area (6) and forms an included angle of 50-70 degrees with the horizontal plane.
8. The rapid and efficient oil removal air floatation filter chamber according to claim 2, wherein the rapid and efficient oil removal air floatation filter chamber is characterized in that: the slag scraping device is characterized in that a slag scraping machine (62) is arranged at the upper end of the filtering area (6), and a slag scraping groove (621) for collecting scum after slag scraping of the slag scraping machine (62) is formed in one side of the slag scraping machine (62) above the filtering area (6).
CN201811077124.4A 2018-09-15 2018-09-15 A fast and efficient oil removal air flotation filter Active CN108996770B (en)

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