SU875425A1 - Device for monitoring atmosphere contamination - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an information-measuring technique and is intended to control the degree of gravity of atmospheric air. A device for monitoring environmental parameters is known, which contains sensors, processing logic with a switch, control units and registration U However, the functionality of this device is limited because the information processing circuit is not filtered, but only accumulated over defined fixed time intervals. In addition, the transfer of only the fact of exceeding the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of a substance does not allow a full assessment of the state of the atmosphere. The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a device for transmitting information on environmental pollution, which contains a serially connected sensor, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital filter and a register, the outputs of all registers are connected to the inputs of the OR element, the control unit, channel outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of registers, an identification unit, the input of which is connected to the output of the control unit, the registration unit, the first input of which is connected to the output the identification block and the second input are connected to the output of the OR circuit, and the alarm unit, the counter and the threshold encoder, whose input is connected to the output of the identification block. The drawback of the device is the large amount of output information that the receiver will additionally process obtaining integral assessments of the degree of environmental pollution. There are known devices that can be used to divide the ground layer of the atmosphere according to the degree of their harmful influence on human health and health in four areas: permissible, alarming, dangerous, and extremely dangerous. MPC at the boundaries of the zones is different. For substances of the first class, these multiplicities are equal to 4.7 and 14, for the second - 4.12 and 38, for the third - 4.13 and 67, for the fourth - 4.2 and 100. Therefore, for promptly obtaining integral information, it is necessary to transmit the recipient of the contamination zone whose hazard is determined by the level of the MPC for the substance in question. However, the delivery of information about the number of the contaminated area to the recipient on a row with information about the size of the measured parameter does not improve the speed of the ycTpoftCTBat J. The purpose of the invention is to increase the speed of the device. This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for controlling atmospheric pollution, which contains a serially connected sensor, analog-to-digital converter, digital filter and register, register outputs of all information channels from the% input, with the corresponding inputs of the OR element, whose output connected to the first input of the recorder, the control unit, the first and second outputs of which are connected respectively to the control inputs of the information channel registers and through the identification block and with the second input of the recorder, the signaling unit, comprising a counter and a threshold encoder, the input of which is connected to the second input of the recorder, entered into the alarm unit a code generator and a zone encoder, the output and the first input of which are connected respectively to the third and second recorder inputs, the driver the code is connected respectively to the output of the OR element and the output of the threshold value encoder, the output of the code generator is connected to the counter input, the outputs of which are connected to the second inputs of the cipher The zone ora, in addition, the zone encoder is made on the AND elements, the OR element, the zone number encoder, the multiplicity decoder, and the classifier of the substance whose input is connected to the encoder's first input: 5 ZONES, first, second, third, and fourth classifier of the substance classifier are connected with the combined first inputs of the first and second, third and fourth, fifth and sixth, seventh and eighth elements, AND, the outputs of the AND elements, respectively, are connected to the corresponding first inputs of the OR element, the output of which through the encoder ra zone connected to the output of the encoder zone multiplicity decoder inputs are connected to second inputs of the encoder zone, one of the outputs - to the second input of the OR gate, the other outputs - to second inputs of respective elementov.I. FIG. I shows a functional block diagram of an atmosphere pollution control device; in fig. 2 - block scheme of the zone coder. The device contains sensors 1, analog-to-digital converters 2, digital filters 3, registers 4, constituent information channels 5, control unit 6, identification block 7, alarm unit 8 containing threshold value encoder 9, code generator 10, including counter 11 and zone encoder 12, recorder 13, element OR 14. From the output of the sensors I, an electrical signal is taken proportional to the value of the measured pollution parameter. Converters 2 convert the output signals of the corresponding sensors 1 B number-pulse code. Digital filters 3 filter the code for a certain period of time. Control block 6 generates read signals for each register 4 of channel 5 and control commands to identification block 7. The identification unit 7 generates the number-impulse code of the measured substance corresponding to its class on the scale of contamination, i.e. 1 to 4, depending on the number of the connected channel 5 to the input of the element OR 14. The parameter code from the output of the element OR 14 enters The alarm unit 8 is inputted to the imaging unit 10 and to the recorder 13. To the other input of the imaging unit 10, the MPC code of this parameter, generated by the encoder 9, is received, therefore, a pulse number code characterizing the Excess MPC multiplicity is formed on the output of the imaging unit 10. The counter 11 converts the number-pulse code of the multiplicity of the exceeding of the emergency switchboard into a parallel binary, post-; fing on the information inputs of the encoder 12 zones.

The zone 12 encoder (Fig. 2) is designed to form the code of the pollution zone depending on the multiplicity of exceeding the MAC for the class of substance in question and contains elements AND 15-22, a class decoder 23, the element OR 24, the zone number encoder 25 and the decoder 26 multiplicity . A decoder 26 of multiplicity converts a parallel binary code of multiplicity exceeding the maximum permissible concentration, which enters its information inputs from counter 11, into a decimal one. The inputs of multiples 4, 7, 12, 13, 14, 20, 38, 67, and 100 of the decoder 26 correspond to the cratio maximal permissible concentrations, which separate the contaminated areas. Since these multiples for different classes of substances are different, the signals from the output of the decoder 26 are sent to the elements And 15-22, controlled by the code of the class of substance. Code of substance class, i.e. the number of pulses from one to four comes from block 7 to the input of the decoder 23.

The decoder 23 converts the number-pulse code into a decimal, that is, it forms signals 1, 2, 3 and 4, opening one or another pair of AND elements (And 2.1-22, And 19-20, And 1718, or And 15-16). The signals from the outputs of the decoder 26 pass through the corresponding element AND to the element OR 24, from the output of which is fed to the input of the block 25 of coding the zone number.

The number of pulses at the output of the element OR 24 corresponds to the number of the contaminated zone. For the fourth zone there are three pulses, for the third - two, for the second one, and for the first zone there are no impulses. For example, for a substance of the second class, the values of the critical multiples of the MPCs for the loading zones are 4.12 and 38. If the multiplicity of exceeding the MPCs is greater than 38, then signals from the output of the decoder 14 are sent to the elements And 19, And 16, And 21, And 18, And 20 and 22:

The output of the decoder 23 receives two pulses and allowing the level formed at the output of the decoder 23, will open the elements And 19, And 20, thereby allowing access, signals with. of the craters 12 and 38 of the decoder 14. Since the output of multiplicity 4 of the decoder 14 is connected to the element OR 24- directly, three impulses are formed at its output (from the output of multiplicity 4 of the decoder 14, from the output of elements 19-20). If the MPC ratio for the second class of substance lies between 4 and 12, then at the output of the element OR 24 there is only one pulse, etc.

The number of pulses thus obtained is encoded by the encoder 25, which forms the zone number code 00, 01, 10 or P, respectively 5 FOR the first, second, third and fourth contamination zones. The zone code from output 25 goes to the third input of the recorder 13. "

The recorder 13 is intended to register the measured values of the pollution parameters (the first input), to fix the parameter code (the second input) and the code of the hazardous contamination zone (the third input) on a permanent 5 carrier, for example, on punched tape or on the operator's board.

The device works as follows.

At the command of Initial Setup 0 (the widest commands are not shown) all the blocks and device elements are zeroed. From the outputs of sensors 1, information is received on the magnitude of parameters that pollute the atmosphere, which in converter 2 is converted into a pulse number code and fed to the input of digital filter 3. After filtering, registers 4 record information corresponding to the value of measured parameter 0 for some time interval. The acquisition of this information is carried out according to the signals of the control unit 6 sequentially through channels 5 and through the element OR 5 the code of the measured 5 parameter goes to one of the inputs of the recorder 13, to another input which receives a signal from the output of the identification unit 7, the code of which corresponds to the number (class ) a parameter whose information is being read. The occurrence of this code at the output of the identification block 7 is caused by the control signal from the control block 6, which is formed simultaneously with the read signals.

 The alarm block 8 from the output of the element OR 5 receives a number-pulse code corresponding to the parameter measurement values. This

the code arrives at the first input of the divider unit 0. At the same time, the identifier code of the parameter itself, determined by its class (first to fourth), enters the encoder 9 threshold values of the alarm block 8. At the output of the encoder 9, a code appears that corresponds to the known MPC for this parameter, which is fed to the second input of the driver - 10. Therefore, at the output of the driver 10, a number-pulse code is formed, corresponding to the multiplicity exceeding 1 CH. The number-pulse code of multiplicity enters the counter II, from the outputs of which the parallel code of the multiplicity of exceeding 1 SCCH enters the information inputs of the decoder 14 of the multiplicity of the encoder 13 of the zone. Depending on the magnitude of the multiplicity on a part, or on all outputs of the decoder 14, signals are generated that arrive at the corresponding, elements AND 15-22. At the same time, the parameter code (material class code) from the identification block 7, information about which was analyzed in the formatting unit 10, is fed to the classifier control input 23, depending on the code, one of the outputs of the decoder 23 produces a destructive signal for any pair of elements 15 -22, from the output of which, as well as directly from the output of multiplicity 4, the signals of the boundary exceedances of the MPCs arrive at the element OR 24, from the output of which the number of pulses corresponding to the number of the contamination zone is fed to the input of the encoder 25 of the number 3 ony. From the output of the encoder 25, the zone number code goes to the third input of the recorder 13. Thus, if the multiplicity exceeds MPC above the value corresponding to the border between the third and fourth contamination zones, then the pulses to the input of the OR element 24 come from both pairs of AND elements corresponding to the class in question substances, and from the output of multiplicity 4 of the decoder 14, therefore, at the output of the element OR 24, three pulses form, and at the output of the encoder 25, the code P, corresponding to the fourth - an extremely dangerous contamination zone. If the MPC multiplicity is lower than four, then no signal is generated at one output of the decoder 14, the signals OR 24 elements will not be output and a zero code 00 is formed at the output of the recorder 25, corresponding to the zone of moderate, non-hazardous pollution, etc. The information arriving at the input of the recorder 13 is recorded on a long-term medium such as punched tape, magnetic tape, or on the operator's board.

Technical and economic efficiency consists in expanding the functional capabilities of the device for controlling the pollution of the atmosphere and increasing the efficiency in obtaining integral information on the contaminated area, along with information on the value of the parameter being measured. Obtaining information about hazardous loading zones allows you to quickly affect the process of loading

and regulate it in a timely manner, ultimately reducing the harmful effects of contamination on human health.

Claims (3)

1. A device for controlling atmospheric pollution, containing in each information channel a serially connected sensor, an analog-digital Converter, digital filter and register, register outputs of all information channels are connected to the corresponding inputs of the OR element, the output of which is connected to the first input of the recorder, the control unit, the first and second outputs of which are connected respectively to the control inputs of the information channel registers and through the identification block with the second eye of the recorder, a signaling unit that includes a counter and a threshold encoder, the input of which is connected to the second input of the revistrator, differs from that of 4JO The purpose of the device is to speed up, a shaper code and a zone encoder are entered into the signaling unit, the output and first input of which are connected respectively to the third and second inputs of the registrator, the code generator inputs are connected respectively to the output of the OR element and the threshold value encoder output, the code generator output is connected to the input counter, the outputs of which are connected to the second inputs, the zone encoder. 2. A device for controlling atmospheric pollution according to clause I, which is based on the fact that the zone encoder is made on the AND elements, the OR element, the zone number encoder, the multiplier and the classifiers decoder, the input of which is connected to the first encoder input zones, the first, second, third and fourth outputs of the decoder of the classiness of a substance are connected to the combined first inputs of the first and second, third and fourth, fifth and sixth, seventh and eighth elements, respectively, and the outputs of the elements And are connected to the corresponding ne by the left inputs of the OR element, the output of which is connected to the output through the coder of the eon number the zone encoder, the inputs of the multiplicity decoder are connected to the second inputs of the zone encoder, one of the outputs to the second input of the OR element, the other outputs to the second inputs of the corresponding I. elements Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. The patent of France 1 2140. A9, cl. G 08 B 11/00, published 1976. 2. USSR author's certificate number 610149, cl. G 08-C 19/12, 1978 (prototype). 3. Temporary instructions and guidelines for assessing air pollution. M., 1977. To9 multiplicity of exceeding PDN (more informative Fi & .1