SU894774A1 - Device for transmission of information about environment contamination - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR TRANSFERING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION INFORMATION

The invention relates to the information measuring technique used in environmental pollution control systems, and can be used for the rapid transmission of information about the state of the control object. A device for transmitting information about the state of the environment, containing sensors for each channel, locking schemes for exceeding the permissible rate of pollution, isolation blocks, as well as a control and recording unit 1, is known. However, the functionality of the known device is limited, since it allows only fix the channel number in which the permissible contamination level exceeded. At the same time, there are several well-defined hazardous contamination zones for environmental monitoring systems, and therefore it is important for consumers to know the number of the zone corresponding to the object to be monitored. A multi-channel signaling device is known that contains sensors with a switch, a control unit, a three-level decoder and an identification unit 2. This device allows to register three different levels of exceeding the normal value of the parameter, and these values are the same for all channels. A multi-threshold alarm device is also known, which contains sensors, a switch with a control unit, a set-up unit and a recorder in which for each channel its own prevalence level 3 is formed. But in pollution control systems it is necessary to record several levels of prevalence for each measured ingredient. In addition, the performance of such a device is low, since all channels are polled in turn, without taking into account the multiplicity of exceeding specified levels. . The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a multi-channel device for transmitting information, containing in each information channel serially connected sensors, analog-to-digital converters, launch control blocks, registers and keys, the control inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the pulse distributor, the distributor input is connected To the output of the element I, to the first and second inputs of which the pulse generator and the trigger are connected, the zero input of the trigger is connected to the output of the multiple input OR, a single trigger input is connected to the output of the first OR element, one input of which is connected to the channel output of the registration unit, and the other through a delay element to the output of the second OR element, the address input of the registration unit is connected to the output of the address determination unit, the inputs of which are combined with the corresponding inputs of the multi-input OR element and with the information inputs of the registration unit, and the input of the Trigger reset is connected to the control input of the recording control unit and to the output of the second OR element, the inputs to expensively connected to the personnel output of the registration block and Shih Start 4.

In the specified device, the priority can be used when polling channels, for which the trigger should be triggered by a channel register overflow signal. Fixing only one level of excess for each channel limits the use of this device in environmental pollution control systems. To assess the degree of contamination used. The concept of a hazard zone characterized by a certain level of contamination. For each substance, this level is different. The number of contamination zones usually does not exceed four: permissible, fearful, dangerous, and extremely dangerous. Therefore, it is important to first of all transmit the parameters with the highest concentration to the communication channel. This factor causes the necessity of fixing hazardous contamination zones for each measured substance and transferring to the input of the OWG numbers in accordance with their danger.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the speed of the device.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for transmitting information on environmental pollution, containing in each information channel, is a series-connected sensor, analog-to-digital converter, start control unit, recording register and key, pulse generator, the first output of which is connected to the first input element And the output element And is connected to the first input of the pulse distributor, the output of which is connected to the control inputs: keys of all information channels, the channel address determination unit, turn is connected to an address input regisratsii block channel output which is connected to

The encoder, additional keys, the OR element and the decoder, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the register register bits, the outputs of the descrambler are connected to the information inputs of additional keys, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the encoder, the output of the encoder is connected to the first input of the OR element, the second input of which connected to the output of the key, the output of the OR element is connected to the input Reset the register of the record and the corresponding information input of the registration unit, the first outputs of the polling control channels with The first, second, and third control inputs of the polling control units, respectively, are combined and connected to the output of the pulse generator, to the output of the third element, respectively, with the control inputs of the respective additional keys of the information channels, whose information inputs are connected to the corresponding information inputs of the polling control units. OR and to the output of the first IZH element, the inputs Reset of all polling control channels are combined and connected to the output of the second ele OR, the second output of the first polling control unit through the element is NOT connected to the third input of the AND element, the second output of the second control unit

the channel polling is connected to the permit input of the first polling channel control unit, the second output and the enable input of the third channel polling control unit are connected to the second channel polling control block and the logical zero bus, respectively. : In addition, the channel polling control unit is triggered on the trigger, the distributor and the first input of the first OR element, whose output is connected to the single trigger input, the trigger output is connected to the second input of the AND element, the information and frame outputs of the registration unit are connected respectively to the device output and the first input of the second the OR element, the second input of which is connected to the Start bus, the output of the second OR element is connected to the control inputs of the information channel launch control blocks, the second input of the distribution - pulse and input Reset trigger and through the delay element with the second input of the first element OR, the information inputs of the registration unit are combined with the corresponding input of the channel address determination unit and the third OR element, the output of which is connected to the zero input of the trigger, the element NOT and in each information pulse, the AND, NOT, OR elements, the output of the OR element is connected to the first input of the AND element, the second and third inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the trigger and the element accordingly, the output of the AND element is connected to the first input of the pulse distributor, the second input of which is combined with the first input of the trigger and connected to the input Reset of the polling control unit, the inputs of the OR element, the fourth input of the AND element, the second and third inputs of the trigger and the input of the element are NOT connected respectively with informational, first, second and third control and enabling inputs of the polling control unit, the outputs of the distributor and the output of the OR element are connected respectively to the first and second outputs of the unit pack by polling channels.

Fig; 1 shows a functional block scheme of the proposed device; FIG. 2 shows the block for polling the channel polling; FIG. 3 - timing diagrams for the operation of the device.

The device contains in each information channel 1 a sensor 2, a launch control unit 3, a register 4 records, a key 5, a decoder 6, a first 71, a second 72 and a third 7c additional keys1, encoders 8 numbers of contamination zones, an element OR 9 and analog-digital converter 10. In addition, the device contains a block 11 for determining the channel address, a block 12 for registering, the first and second elements OR 13 and 14, the first 151, the second 152 and the third 15z channels polling control units, the distributor 16 pulse And 17 elements, the pulse generator 18 , element 19, trigger 20, element 21 delays, the third element OR 22, Schinu 23 Start and Quish 24 logical zero. The polling control unit 15 (FIG. 2) is implemented on the AND 25 element, the HE element 26, the trigger 27, the OR element 28 and the pulse distributor 29. The device works as follows. Sensors 2 generate an electrical signal corresponding to the concentration of the polluting parameter. Analog-to-digital converters 10 convert the analog input signals of sensors 2 into a pulse number code. The 3-record control unit transfers information to the register 4 by a command received at the control input of block 3. The register bit 4 outputs are connected to the key 5 and the decoder 6. The decoder 6 has three outputs 1, 2 and 3, corresponding to three limit pollution level values, which, in general, separate four hazard soothes. These outputs are connected to the information inputs of the blocks.

15 controls and additional keys 7i-72-7z, respectively. Thus, a digital code is formed at the information input of the key 5, corresponding to the value of the parameter being measured, and at the information inputs of the additional keys 7, a signal is generated (voltage drop) corresponding to the fact that the limit values of the contaminating parameters have been reached. So, if the concentration value of the measured animal corresponds to the second hazard zone, the excess signal is formed at the output 1 of the decoder 6, if the concentration value of the substance corresponds to the most dangerous - the fourth zone, then the transducer signal is formed. all three outputs of the decoder 6.: The encoder 8 generates a digital code corresponding to the number of the contamination zone, which enters the input of the element OR 9. The other input of the I1Zh 9 element is connected to the output of the key 5. As a result, the output of the OR 9 element is formed or / code corresponding to the value of the measured parameter. This code from the output of the element OR 9 of all channels 1 is fed to the inputs of the third element OR 22, to the address determination unit 11, to the information inputs of the registration block 12 and to the input Reset register 4. The last link allows resetting the register 4 and removing signals the output of the decoder 6 when the receipt of information of this channel 1 on the block 12 regastration. This prevents possible secondary recordings of this channel, since the signals will be absent at the inputs of keys 5 and 7, and a new recording of information to register 4 can be made only if there is an enable signal at the control input of the recording control unit 3. The registration block 12 serves to register on a long-term storage medium (for example, punched tape, magnetic tape) on measured values of parameters or on danger zone numbers - on information inputs, and at the same time to register corresponding channel numbers - on an address input. The registered information and service parts are simultaneously output from the device to the communication channel (not shown in Fig. 1). In addition, in block 12 of registration two service signals are formed: The end of registration at the channel output, formed after each registration of channel information and arriving at one of the inputs of the first element OR 13, and Reset at the frame output, formed after digging the registration of all channels 1 and arriving at one of the inputs of the second element OR 14. The second input of the element OR 14 is connected to the bus 23 Start.

The output of the OR element 14 is connected to the control input of the recording control unit 3 and to the input of the delay element 21. The delay element 21 is designed to delay the signal acquisition time from the element 21 to the input of the first element OR 13 relative to the Reset signal. the time is determined by the need to write information from the converter 10 to the register 4 on the reset command, coming from the output of the element OR 14 to the control input of the recording control unit 3.

At the same time, the signal Reset from the output of the OR 14 element is fed to the reset of the channel polling control units 15i-15z (pulse distributors 29 and triggers 27), as well as resetting the pulse distributor 16 and the device trigger 20.

Pulse distributor 16 is designed to generate polling pulses when information is read from registers 4, therefore its outputs are connected to control inputs of channel switches 5. Pulse distributor 16 is triggered by AND 17 element, which is open when all its inputs have a high potential corresponding to a logical unit. The input element And 17 receives pulses from the generator 18 and the blocking signals from the output of the block 15 | from the zero output of the trigger 20. In the initial state, when the input of the Reset of the trigger 20 signal comes to the Reset of the OR element 14, the low potential at the output of the trigger 20 prohibits the passage of pulses from the generator 18 through the element 17 and 17 valve 16. Trigger control 20 with separate start is carried out on the zero input by a pulse. Start of registration, formed at the output of the Element OR 22, when information comes from the output of the element OR 9, and on a single input pulse. emym on the output of the element OR 13.

The channel polling control unit 15 is designed to interrogate additional keys 7, and first the keys 7 of the channels registering the highest dangerous contamination zone are sent first, then the keys 7jH7i.

The keys 7 are polled by the output pulses of the distributor 29, which is triggered through the element AND 25 by the generator 18 pulses. The element 25 transmits the pulses of the generator 18 when there are three high (deadening) voltage potentials: if there is an overspeed signal at the corresponding output of the 6 -or channel 1, when the logical unit is formed at the output of the OR element 28;

in the presence of a permitting signal at the output of the element HE 26, i.e. when there is a low potential at the input of the control unit 15 (except for the third unit 15z, at the input of which a low potential corresponding to a logical zero is permanently connected. Therefore, a negative signal is fed to the input of element 25 through NOT element 26 of this block); when triggering trigger 27, whose launch is identical to trigger trigger 20. Thus, pulses from generator 18 pass through AND 25 to distributor 29 to poll keys 7 when, first, the contamination level exceeded the limit value of the zone in question secondly, when the keys 7 were polled by a block 15 of a higher rank, and, third, when the registration of the previous channel was completed in the device.

The polling control units 151-15z are connected to the input-output in series, from a higher rank (block 15z to block 15i). The output of the latter is connected to the input of the element 19. This ensures the initial interrogation of the keys 7z, and then the keys TI and 7i: as long as the output 3 of the channel 6 of any channel 1 has information, the output of the OR 28 unit 15z holds a high potential, which through the NOT element 26 of the block 152 is transmitted to the input of the element AND 25 of the block 152 as low (prohibiting), etc.

The interval (Fig. 3) determines the time for reading information from register 4 or depressor 6 via keys 5 or 7, and the interval t pgp determines the time of registration of forms in block 12 of registration.

Claims (5)

On the Start signal on the plate 23, a reset pulse (Fig. 3a), formed at the output of the OR 14 element, zeroes the pulse distributors 16 and 29, the triggers 20 and 27, and also enters the control input of the recording control unit 3. From this point on, the recording of information from converter 10 to register 4 begins, which lasts no more than t; The trigger pulse delayed by time r in the delay element 21 enters as a signal the end of the register through the element OR 13 to the single input of the trigger 20 (Fig. 36), allowing the passage of pulses from the generator 18 (Fig. Zg) through the element 17 to the distributor 16 pulses. In addition, to open element I 17, a high potential is required at its third input, which is the case if there is no signal on either output of decipher 6, i.e. if the contamination levels are normal. At the same time at the output of the element OR 28 and, therefore, at the output of the block 15 - low potential. Thus, after tipping the flip-flop 20, a high potential is formed at its output (fig. Sv), therefore, the first pulse of the generator 18 passes through the element 17 (fig. Ze) to the distributor 16. At the first output of the distributor 16, a pulse is formed (fig. ), which unlocks the key 5 of the first channel, and information from the register 4 enters through the key 5 and the element OR 9 to the element OR 22 and to the information input of the registration unit 12. At the output of the element OR 22 an impulse is started. A registration is started (Fig. Zd), which flips the trigger 20 (Fig. Sv), closing the element And 17 during the time tpgf. sets the registration mode, after which a registration pulse is formed at the channel output of registration block 12, which ends through the OR 13 element (Fig. 36) and again triggers the trigger 20 (Fig. Sound), the pulse from the generator 18 passes to the distributor 16, connecting the second channel (fig, zi), etc. to the last channel (Fig. 3) At the end of the last channel polling, a reset pulse is generated at the exit of registration block 12, which passes through the OR 14 element, and is sent to the device elements to be reset, beginning with 1m-next polling rate (Fig. Over) etc. In Rezuguga, in the proposed device, the mode of alternate interrogation of channels is established, as in the well-known, since all parameters are normal.tbpu when any parameter of the norm is exceeded, blocks 15 start to work. there is an excess of the third The level, i.e., at the outputs 1, 2, 3 of the decoders of these 6 channels, is a twisted potential, on the other part of the channels — an excess of the second level, etc. In this case, a high potential appears at the output of the OR element 28 of the 15z unit, When the trigger 27 is triggered, AND 25 opens, since the input of block 153 is a logical zero, which does NOT block AND 25 from the distributor 26. The signals from the distributor 29 interrogate additional keys}. Since after each polling of the channel the registers are zeroed, after polling all the keys 7z high potential at the outlet of the element TA or 28 unit 15z is removed. To the input element And 25 of the block 152 (through the element NOT 26 of the block 15) receives the resolving (high) potential. Dialogically, after polling the keys 7, the lock is released from AND 25 of block 15 j; high level from {path 1 of decoder 6 of any channel through channel OR 28 of block I5i enters input of element 24. After pn; the trigger buttons of trigger 27 interrogate keys4, 10 and 7 |, the ban is removed from element 17, therefore channels 1 with normal values, the parameters are polled last. Upon completion of the survey of all channels 1 in block 12 of the registration, a frame reset pulse is formed and the entire cycle of recording, polling and recording is repeated. Thus, in the proposed device, in each channel, in addition to the measurement information, the numbers of the contamination zones are formed and, in addition, the efficiency of obtaining information is improved by using adaptive polling in the device, taking into account the contamination hazard zones, which allows timely measures to be taken to prevent contamination levels. The proposed device can be used either as a lower level of a multichannel information reset system with transmitting information on contamination via a communication channel to a central point, or as a stand-alone device for registering a set of contaminating ingredients. Claim I. Investigator for transmitting information on environmental pollution, containing in each information channel sequentially connected sensor, aial-digital converter, launch control unit, recording register and key, pulse generator, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the And element, the output of the element I is connected to the first input of the distributor of imputuses, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the keys of all information channels, the block for determining the address and channels of which is connected with the address input of the registration unit, the channel output of which is connected to the first input of the first element OR, the output of which is connected to the single trigger input, the output of the trigger is connected to the second input of the And element, the information and personnel outputs of the registration block are connected respectively to the output of the device and the first input of the second an OR element, the second input of which is connected to the Start, the output of the second element OR a signal with the control inputs of the unit running information channels, BTO {HdM input i of the pulse distributor the input of the trggger and through the support element with the second input of the first LI element, the information inputs of the registration unit are combined with the corresponding inputs of the channel address definition loop of the third element OR, whose output is connected to the zero trigger input, characterized in that, in order to increase the device speed, it introduced the polling channel control units, the element NOT, and in each information channel the encoder, additional keys, the OR element, and the decoder, whose inputs are connected to the outputs f a par of the recording register, The decoder outputs are connected to informational inputs of additional keys, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding ones, the encoder's inputs, the output of the encoder is connected to the first input of the OR element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the key, the output of the OR element is connected to the input Reset of the register and the corresponding information input of the block registration, the first outputs of the channel polling control units are connected to the control inputs of the corresponding additional keys of information channels, whose information inputs connected to the corresponding information inputs of the polling control channels; the first, second and third control inputs of the polling control channels, respectively, are combined and connected respectively to the output of the pulse generator, to the OUTPUT of the third OR element and to the output of the first OR element, all Reset of polling control blocks channels are connected and connected to the output of the second OR element, the second output of the first polling control unit through the channel is NOT connected to the third input of the AND element, the second the second channel polling control block is connected to the permissive input of the first channel polling control unit, the second output and the third block polling control enable input is connected to the second channel polling control block and the logical zero, respectively. 2. The device according to claim 1, that is to say that the polling control unit of the channels is executed on a trigger, pulse distributor, AND, NOT, OR elements, the output of the OR element is connected to the first input of the AND element, the second and the third inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the trigger and the element NOT, respectively, the output of the element I is connected to the first input of the pulse distributor, the second input of which is combined with the first input of the trigger and is connected to the INPUT The reset of the polling control channel, the inputs of the element OR, the fourth input of the element AND, the second and third inputs of the trigger and the input of the element are NOT connected to the informational, first, second and third The control and enable inputs of the polling control channel, the outputs of the distributor, and the output of the OR element are connected to the first and second outputs of the polling control channel, respectively. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Patent of France No. 2140119, cl. G 08 B 11/00, published 1976. 2. Author's testimony of the USSR No. 612271, cl. G 08 B 23/00, 1978. 3. Authors certificate of the USSR N 691905, cl. G 08 C 19/14, 1979. 4. USSR author's certificate number 423158, cl. G 08 C 19/28, 1974 (prototype). 5. Sherban TA. To the calculation of the integrated air pollution indicator.- Sat. Problems of control and protection of the atmosphere from pollution, 1979, vol. 5, s. 115-119. Output R well and H. J  0 4ЛЗ one 15 6 27 T