SU869601A1 - Method of cultivating agricultural crops - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to a method for cultivating crops under drought conditions. The known method of cultivation of KOKHOV ianic crops under drought conditions, including soil mulching with straw, which contributes to the preservation and rational use of soil moisture 1. The disadvantage of this method is that the sediments accumulate at the place of deposition, this does not allow redistributing them in places of plant growth. The known method of cultivation of agricultural crops, in which the pre-sowing of soil suspects is streaked in the area of the row with the scientific research institute, dokhimikatov in the treated strip. Seed seeding is also carried out in a strip and then compacted (2. This method does not contribute to accumulation: and to retain moisture of precipitation that falls after sowing during the plant growing season. Moreover, during tillage in the zone of a variety of plant residues are crushed, mixed with the soil, the surface of which remains unprotected from the destructive action of storm water and wind.The goal of the best way: YAHL is to improve the conditions of growth and plant development and increase the yield of agricultural crops. Lena goal is achieved by the fact that during the cultivation of agricultural crops on the waste and stubble (without the main processing) background in the process of the strip (in the row) pre-sowing tillage, introduction of chemicals and sowing the seeds are separated from the soil located in Plant residues - stubble, straw, etc., excluding their mixing with the soil, are distributed evenly over the surface of the processed and already sown strip of the soil. In the area between the rows on the treated part of the soil they form (by compaction), without disturbing the mulch cover, the convex soil profile in the form of a field stretching along the entire length of the field, which has a small height (equal to no more than half the width of the untreated soil strip) in the center between the rows, and covered with a thin layer (for example, 0.05 mm of film-forming light and in the impenetrable material, for example; opaque liquid glass containing chemical means of controlling weeds (for example, a mixture of herbicides eptame, pyramine and other ix).

The method is carried out by a device, which involves two types of soil-cultivating organs, working in the row zone and in the row-spacing zone.

The first produce cutting the soil layer to the desired depth, crumbling it, separating the plant residues from the soil and laying them on the surface of the treated soil after sowing the seeds h and applying fertilizers and chemical chemicals second - compaction of the untreated soil and inter-x soil, giving it convex profile.

In addition to soil tillage, the device has cuts for applying a film-forming light and waterproof substance to the convex profile, as well as organs for sowing seeds, fertilizers and chemicals.

Practically, the proposed method can be carried out by a combined unit that combines existing tillage and seeding working bodies.

The convex soil profile in the form of a continuous roller in the center of the aisles, provides for the redistribution of moisture from the precipitation from the zone between the aisles to the zone of the row, its concentration in the zone of the root activity of the plants. The height of the roller, equal to half the width of the untreated strip, ensures that the moisture is plentiful in number. The presence of a waterproof film-forming coating on a convex soil profile eliminates absorption: precipitation and ensures good and complete moisture transfer of precipitations from the area between the rows to the row, the film surface also prevents loss of soil moisture for evaporation in the area between the rows. The dark, light-proof color of the film coating eliminates the growth and development of weeds and plants. this also improves the security of plants with moisture.

, Loose soil in a wilderness row (in the zone of a treated strip of soil) horskhio accumulates moisture from the sediments, including; and redistributed from the inter-spacing zone, and plant residues laid on the soil surface in the row zone significantly reduce or eliminate unproductive losses; moisture from the soil surface evaporates, significantly improving the water balance of the plant

In addition, the presence of plant debris in the zone of the row and film coating between the fields prevents deflation in areas of wind erosion and the destruction of soil by stormwater.

by the waters.

The effectiveness of the proposed method is explained by the followers.

With the existing method of cultivation of sapsko-agricultural crops, especially tilled crops, in particular maize, with a lack of atmospheric sieves OB, for example, with 120 mm during the growing season, the entire soil surface is moistened evenly. These sediments cannot penetrate deep into the soil due to the small amount of them, therefore, most of them are lost to evaporation and only a small part is spent on obtaining the crop.

Considering that the total consumption of moisture, taking into account evaporation losses per 1 quintal of green maize mass, is about 1 mm, in these specific conditions (with precipitation of 120 mm) and the accepted method of cultivation, the yield of green maize may be only 120 centners / ha

The proposed method involves treating the soil in a row zone of a width of 15-20 cm, on the remaining strip 50-55 cm wide forming a convex profile, due to which water. precipitation from a strip 50–55 cm wide. Flows to the plant roots on a 15–20 cm wide strip and is used productively. The availability of the plant only due to the pedal distribution of moisture with the proposed method increases 3.5-4.5 times, therefore, the yield of green mass of corn may increase by about the same time.

The proposed method can be implemented in the cultivation of all wide variety row crops: sugar beet, corn, sunflower, potatoes, etc. and in almost all the soil-climatic zones of the country: in arid as a means of coping with drought, in conditions of water and wind erosion as a means of combating deflation and destruction of soils and stormwater.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula The method of cultivation of agricultural crops of QV crops, including the lane in the zone of a number of pre-sowing tillage, fertilization, dohimikatov and sowing seeds in the treated strip, followed by compaction, with the aim of improvements 55 conditions for the growth and development of plants and an increase in the yield of agricultural crops, during the period of tillage in the zone of row, plant residues and nanojjQ are separated from the latter on the surface of the treated and sown strips, and in the aorie, the spaces between violation of the mulch cover, soil roller with a height equal to half the width 65 raw strip and cover 58696016 its layer of film-forming light is i1. Soil-protected soil-keeping material division. Tselinogrgsch, 1974. p.1531 Information sources, 2. USSR author's certificate taken into account in the examination of 149272, cl. A 01 B 79/02, 1961.