SU1793854A3 - Method of weed control on rice fields - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, directly to the technology of rice cultivation.

Known methods of rice cultivation do not allow to obtain high yields without environmental pollution and reduce the irrigation rate.

A known method of cultivating rice with constant flooding and application of herbicides, but the greatest effect of propanide-type herbicides is manifested when processing rice crops without a layer of water. Therefore, on individual checks (with low filtration of soil), water is immediately dumped through outlets. On the second day after processing the crops with herbicides, they fill the checks with water and within 2-3 days bring the water level to 15-18 cm. If you are late with flooding the crops after treatment with herbicides or when creating a layer of insufficient depth, reappearance may occur.

However, the introduction of herbicides by the ground method destroys the structure of the MBA, microorganisms are destroyed in it, and ultimately it becomes unproductive. - When introduced with the help of aviation, herbicides poison the air, water of animals and people. In addition, they slow down the growth and development of rice plants, delay the ripening time, and cause yellowing of the leaves.

There is also a known method of processing after harvesting a steam harvesting crop. The steam field is open and planned. Provocative irrigation is carried out on very dry soil to accelerate the emergence of weed shoots and loosening of the lumps formed during plowing.

However, when plowing, part of the weed seeds is embedded in the lower

1793854 AZ

179385 ^ soil layers, and plowing after provok- | irrigation irrigates them to the surface of the soil, resulting in an increase in the number of weeds per unit area.

There is also known a method of killing weeds without introducing herbicides by chilling and spring plowing. After plowing, the field is treated with disc harrows or a milling cultivator, then after rolling and cutting drainage grooves into the field, a layer of water is created. When the weeds have sprouted, the soil is treated with a milling cultivator or a cultivator with lancet paws in an aggregate with tooth harrows. The final operation is the alignment of the surface of the checks with engines and soil rolling.

However, carrying out provocative irrigation after plowing plows greatly delay the time of onset of physical ripeness of the soil. During this period, the root system of weeds develops strongly, which makes it difficult to completely destroy them using pre-sowing cultivation.

A large number of operations lead to wind erosion in the dusty soils of Central Asia and Kazakhstan.

In arid conditions, due to a lack of moisture (without the use of provocative irrigation), it is impossible to achieve mass emergence of weeds (especially millet).

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of destruction of weeds and reduce environmental pollution.

This goal is achieved by the fact that after provocative irrigation at a soil moisture content of 75 ~ 80% of the lowest humidity and when weeds appear, plowing, chiseling with simultaneous harrowing and rolling are carried out. After the appearance of two green leaves, millet is cultivated with simultaneous harrowing. 'Before this operation, the entire annual dose of phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen fertilizers is applied. After sowing rice, coupled with a light harrow to the priloy group, with a vegetation period of 10-110 days. Plant height 80-90 cm. The variety is resistant to lodging, relatively resistant to disease. The predecessor is rice of the Nukus-2 variety.

After rice is harvested and the check is cleaned, the soil is stubbled and autumn plowing is plowed to a depth of 20 cm x 22 cm. In the spring, rubbers and dumps are leveled with the help of a pizzater and from the moment water enters the irrigation network, provocative irrigation is carried out. After the mass emergence of seedlings of weeds, weed and red-grain forms of rice and s. by the onset of ^1– , by lowering the physical ripeness of the soil, plowing is carried out with a turnover of the formation to a depth of 13-15 cm. Then, chizeling is carried out with simultaneous harrowing and rolling, for example, with a roller, type MV-6.0 + 3 KKSh-b and os - '' rice checks are smoked until two green leaves appear on the millet. For: this time they bring in an annual dose of phosphoric, potash and 40% nitrogen fertilizers; J ni using 1-RMG-A. Fertilizing and combining weeds is combined 'and performed by a cultivator, for example ^! measures, aggregate UD-Z + ZBZTS, with one, -: temporary harrowing. Then ' ¹ rice is sown randomly with simultaneous harrowing +.

The initial bay of rice checks is carried out by the method of formed flooding. Further, irrigation of rice is carried out without the use of anti-cereal herbicides.

Water supply is stopped in the middle. phases of wax ripeness of rice grain. “The remaining layer of water is not discharged; it is spent on filtering and partly on the consumption of rice. Harvesting by direct combining begins; with full ripeness of the grain.

Productivity of rice is 62 c / ha. Weed fields of rice and weeds on rice fields are missing. The method allows to exclude contamination of irrigation systems with herbicides, increase the density of rice plants, reduce direct costs for the production of rice.

proceed to the initial flooding of checks by the method of forced flooding of the invention.

Example. Use early-season Nukus-2 rice

Claims (3)

1. The method of weed control in the cultivation of rice, according to which carry out autumn plowing of the soil, 5 179385 ^ provocative irrigation, weed seedlings are destroyed twice, first with the mass emergence of weed seedlings by spring plowing with a turn, the plate is 13-15 cm deep, and then with surface tillage, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of weed control in the conditions of spring drought, provocative irrigation is carried out before spring plowing of the soil, after which chiseelization is carried out with caproscopic cultivation and, with KJ6, by simultaneous harrowing and thawing, and after repeated thawing of weeds they destroy the cultivar tion. 2. The method according to π. 1, due to the fact that cultivation during the repeated destruction of weeds is carried out to a depth of 5 ~ 6 cm. • | Q 3. The method according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the cultivation is carried out with simultaneous harrowing.