SU795668A1 - Method of producing die-rolled wheels - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular to the wheel-rolling production and can be used in the manufacture of stamped wheels.

There is a known method of manufacturing railway wheels, in which the preform is pre-deposited between flat plates to reduce the scale, after which the sediment is carried out in the calibration ring and the central zone of the preform is distilled with a special punch. Next, the hub and the adjacent part of the disk are molded, after which the rim and the rest of the disk are rolled with the workpiece rolling along the diameter. At the end of the press rolling operation, the disc is curved and the rim is calibrated in width. The central hole in the hub is stitched either after precipitation of the workpiece, or after bending the disc 1.

The known method includes the draft and forming the upset billet, rolling the wheel to form a ridge, bending the disc and calibrating the rim. The blank, previously deposited on the first press, is fed to the table of the second press, where

the final squeeze in the matrix and the distillation of the central zone of the workpiece by the punch. Then the workpiece gets on the forming press, on the rolling mill and on the last press, the disk is curved and the rim is calibrated. The central hole in the hub is also flashed here. The disadvantage of the known method

0 is the poor quality of the wheels, especially the ridge, and the complexity of the technological process of their production. A comb is often the most wear-consuming element of a wheel during operation. It is prepared along with the rim during the forming of the workpiece and the final dimensions. Acquires when rolling on a wheel rolling mill. With this in

The comb is moved by the macrovolume of the metal, without working through the cross section and without creating a fibrous structure. The metal in the ridge part of the rim has a practically cast structure and, despite the heat treatment, its resistance is low. On the other hand, a small movement of the metal macrovolumes when forming in the lower (ridge) part of the rim leads to preservation of traces of the initial billet configuration (chamomile), which during subsequent rolling causes the formation of sunsets on the rim. the surface of the rim in the molded workpiece and the 1X. Proc wheel proc. In addition, the molding ring is located on the upper plate of the press, which worsens the conditions for repair and mounting of the ring and prevents the use of the molding ring of sufficient thickness. The small thickness of the molding ring does not provide it with sufficient rigidity, therefore, the formed billet is almost always oval. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of forged jokles by improving the properties of the metal of the rim. The goal is achieved by the fact that after the edge of the billet with obtaining the outer surface of the rim in the form of a truncated cone, rolling begins with the application of a deforming force to the metal adjacent to the larger base of the truncated cone, and the crest is formed in the area of the smaller base at metal flow from a larger base to a smaller one. Figure 1 shows the molding of the workpiece according to a known method (a is the forming ring, b is the outer conic surface of the workpiece); Fig. 2 shows the rolling of the hardened billet according to a known method (c is the conical outer surface of the wheel); figure 3 shows the molding of the workpiece according to the proposed method; figure 4 - rolling wheels on the proposed method. When forming a wheeled blank, the molding ring a (fig.Z) is located on the press table; as a result, the outer surface b (fig.Z) of the blank takes the form of a truncated cone with a large base upwards. The thus-formed loading falls on a wheel-rolling mill, where the rim is rolled out in diameter and a ridge is formed on its outer surface. Since the billet enters the mill with a large base up, and the ridge is formed in the lower part of the rim, the ridge will be made of metal, concentrated in the zone of the smaller base of the billet, which will lead to intensive metal flow during the rolling process and, as a result, to improve rim metal structures, in particular, the ridge. The method is as follows. An example. Billets weighing 475 kg, obtained by cutting a wheel steel ingot into equal parts, were subjected to a preliminary draft on a press with a force of 2000, i.e. for descaling. The final sludge, and the central part of the blanks were distilled with a punch with a force of 5,000 T. After distillation, the blanks were fed to a press with a force of 10,000 T. The calibration ring to simplify the molding process was mounted on the bottom plate of the press. As a result of the forming, the metal prepared for rolling the rim received an outer surface in the form of a truncated cone with a large base upwards, in accordance with the gradient of the calibration ring. In the same position, the billet enters the wheel rolling mill, where, during rolling, the ridge on the rim was formed from the volume of metal adjacent to the smaller base of the conical outer surface of the billet. Visual inspection and measurement of wheels at the Quality Control Stand showed the full compliance of the wheels with the requirements of GOST 9036-76. The application of the proposed method allows: to reduce the cost of replacing the molding ring; improve the quality of the wheels by observing the frequency of ring replacement; increase the ring life by ensuring uniform distribution of metal around the rim perimeter due to the coincidence of the direction of the cones on the upset billet and the forming ring and increasing the ring thickness to reduce the decline in sunsets due to the elimination of the prerequisites for maintaining on the outer surface of the billet fed to the wheel rolling mill ); increase the service life of the ridge part of the wheel rim due to an increase in the degree of reduction of metal during rolling. Claims method for producing stamped wheels, in which the draft of a billet is produced, the upsetting billet is molded to form a rim in the form of a truncated cone and the wheel is rolled to form a crest by applying a deforming force to the metal of the rim, in order to improve the quality of the wheels of the properties of the metal of the two, rolling begins with the application of a defoyed force to the metal adjacent to the larger base of the truncated cone, and the formation of the ridge is carried out in the zone of location a lower base when the metal flows from a large base to a smaller one. Source and information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate ft 645740, cl. B 21 N 1/04, 13.03.79. 2. USSR author's certificate number 617138, cl. B 21 N 1/04, 10/27/78.

Claims (1)

Claim A method of manufacturing stamped-rolled wheels, in which the workpiece is sedimented, the deposited workpiece is molded to obtain a truncated cone rim and the wheel is rolled to form a ridge by applying a deforming force to the rim metal, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the wheels by improving the properties of the casing metal, rolling begins with the application of a deforming force to the metal adjacent to the larger base of the truncated cone, and the crest is formed in the aeon of the arrangement as follows. ~ 60 An example. Workpiece weight 475 kg, obtained by cutting an ingot of wheel steel into parts of equal mass, were pre-upset by a press with a force of 2000 tp 65 lower base when metal flows from a larger base to a smaller one