SU670786A1 - Electric salt bath - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of metallurgy and can be used in the preparation of secondary non-ferrous metals, such as recycled aluminum from waste and scrap metal.

A known electric salt furnace for melting non-ferrous metals, containing a bath with a lid, heating electrodes, a unit for feeding raw materials into the furnace, outlets and openings for draining the gases generated in the furnace 1.

A disadvantage of the known furnace is that the raw material is fed to the furnace periodically by inputting and withdrawing from the furnace a charging device made in the form of a basket, which leads to significant inter-cycle m and heat losses.

The aim of the invention is to reduce heat loss and interfacial downtime of the furnace.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the furnace in the center of the bath is equipped with a dividing bath into two parts with a trapezoidal jumper, and on the upper platform of the bath there is a feed supply unit into the furnace, made in the form of a chamber with perforated side walls and a removable lid, The bath casing is mounted on a support frame with a roller cage and a swing mechanism.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed furnace, a general view in section: on the fng. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one.

The proposed furnace comprises a housing 1 forming a bath 2 filled with molten salt, heating electrodes 3 and 4 immersed in the melt, a bath lid 5,

the fusion chamber 6, the support frame 7 for fastening the frame of the housing, the roller holders 8, the furnace rocking mechanism 9.

The housing 1 is made of refractory salt-melt-resistant material, in

A jumper 10 is installed in the middle part of the bath 2, the dividing bath is divided into two parts, the lower parts of which serve as a metal spike, and in the end walls there are windows 11 for the downloaded slag with hatches

12, lined with refractory mass. The upper platform 13 of the jumper 10 is made double-faced.

Jumper 10 is most appropriate to perform trapezoidal section with

central bottom nest 14 outside. On the upper platform 13 of the lintel, a chamber is inserted, blavat b, whose side walls 15 are provided with through holes 16 for the overflow of salt melt

from one part of the bath to the other.

The chamber is provided in the upper part with a window 17 for removal of combustion products and vapors connected to the duct 18. A lid 19 is installed above the melting chamber 6 with the possibility of reciprocating movement over the end of the chamber to temporarily open it during loading with the raw material from the charging device 20 installed over the lid 19.

From the end, the melting chamber 6 is provided with a window 21 for installing a nozzle or a burner (not shown), with a closed hatch 22. In the upper part, a cover 5 having openings 23 for mounting heating electrodes 3 and 4 has a tight fit to the body 1 6. On the cover are mounted devices 24 for adjusting the immersion level of the electrodes.

The support frame 7 is a flat metal structure with a locking protrusion 25 in the center, made in the shape of the bottom nest 14, either as a metal structure or as a cast block.

A sector 26 is attached to the support frame 7 from below, supported on roller collars 8 mounted on a sector frame 27. The support frame 7 is hinged at the ends with a sector frame 27, for example, by means of hydraulic cylinders 28.

The furnace works as follows.

The furnace bath 2 is installed in a horizontal position.

Through windows 29, having manholes 30 lined with a refractory mass, a portion of SALT is loaded, it is melted with the help of nozzles or gore.chock (in the drawing, not shown) and with electrodes 3, 4, a certain amount of salt melt is brought to a temperature of 850-900 ° WITH.

Simultaneously with the melting of the salt melt, the melting chamber 6 is also heated by means of a forsuiq or a burner (not shown in the drawing) through the window 21. The feed charging device 20 is turned on. A portion of the raw material fills the melting chamber 6. The furnace swing mechanism is activated. The cylinders, acting on the support frame 7 of the furnace, force it to be slowly pumped over by roller collars 8 on the sector frame 27. At the same time, part of the bath rises upward from the horizon and the left side goes down, the heating electrodes of the right part of the bathtub descend and the electrodes of the left part the baths rise upward in order to maintain a certain immersion of the body of the electrodes in a salt melt. The molten salt in the right side of the bath during the slow rise is poured through the hole 16 in the wall 15 into the melting chamber 6, through the raw material and then through the holes in the wall into the left side of the bath. After draining a certain portion of salt

the melt from the right side of the bath to the left operation is repeated in the opposite direction: the hydraulic cylinder lifts the support frame 7 of the furnace with the left side of the bath, and the right side of the bath is lowered. At the same time, the heating electrodes of the left side of the bath are lowered into the salt melt, and the electrodes of the right side of the bath rise up.

A stream of molten salt, overflowing from the right side of the bath to the left and vice versa, melts the raw materials in the fusion chamber 6 and through the holes 16 in the walls 15 carries the molten metal into the bath accumulators.

The melting chamber is continuously immersed in the raw material until the volume of the molten salt and the deposited metal in the vacuum-hc located in the lower polo, the core from the horizon, reaches a certain level.

The molten metal is deposited at the bottom of the bath, in the diggers. When the raw materials with iron counterparts are melted, the latter remain on the floor of the melting chamber.

When they accumulate, the furnace is installed in a horizontal position, the molten salt through the holes 16 in the walls 15 flows from the bottom of the melting chamber 6 into both parts of the bath, thereby freeing the iron attachments. The furnace loading device 20 rolls away, making it possible to select iron attachments (for example, a magnetic washer) from the melting chamber 6. Iron attachments can also be selected from the melting chamber and through the window 21 using a scraper.

During the smelting period, slag loading is performed. Slag can be downloaded from any part of the bath (right

or left) through window 11, lowering any part of the bath to its lowest position. After a set amount of molten salt and weld metal is installed, the furnace is installed in a horizontal position. The release of metal is made through the discharge ports 31 and the gutters 32.

With the appearance of the molten salt, the tap holes are closed.

The gases released during melting through the openings 16 in the walls 15 of the melting chamber 6 and through the window 17 in the end wall and the gas duct 18 are vented to the general flue gas outlet

Zo O.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Electric salt water for melting scrap and non-ferrous metal wastes, such as aluminum, containing a bath with a lid, heating electrodes, feed supply unit to the furnace, outlet openings and openings for discharging the gases generated in the furnace, ) heat loss and 65 reducing interfacial downtime. The bath is equipped with a trapezoidal jumper dividing it into two parts, a feed supply unit to the furnace is installed on the upper platform of the bath, made in the form of a chamber with perforated side walls and a removable cover sealed to the bath lid, and the bath is mounted on a supporting frame with a roller clip and swing mechanism. Sources of information taken into account during the experiment 1. USSR Copyright Certificate № 466372, cl. F 27B 17/00, 1972.