SU551491A2 - Electric salt furnace for melting non-ferrous metals - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the metallurgy of non-ferrous metals and is aimed at developing the design of an electrosalt furnace, for example, for smelting aluminum alloys.

According to the main author. St. No.466372 is a well-known electric salt furnace for melting non-ferrous metals, for example aluminum alloys, including a melting chamber, a metal digger, heating electrodes and a basket with a mechanism for its movement. The furnace is equipped with a device for changing the level of salt melt in the melting chamber, made in the form of a container communicating with it, with the immersion body placed in it with a mechanism for moving it in a vertical plane, with the ratio of the volume of the immersion body to the volume basked within 2: 1 - 6: 1.

This furnace provides intensive smelting of the secondary sf. However, it also has drawbacks: the body being immersed, being massive, does not have time to heat up the whole mass during the periods of its immersion in the molten salt, therefore, nastily salt may form on its surface, which prevents its

to move it in the tank; In addition, part of the thermal energy of the salt bath is forcedly spent on heating the immersion body.

The purpose of the invention is to eliminate the formation of walling on the surface of the immersion body and to intensify the melting process.

For this, the immersion body is made in the form of interconnecting cavities and has channels in the side walls, and electrodes are installed in the tank cover.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed furnace longitudinal section; in fig. 2 is given section A-A in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a section BB in FIG. one.

The furnace contains a melting chamber 1, the lower part of which is made with slopes and serves as a accumulator 2 of molten metal, heating electrodes 3, a basket 4 for raw materials with a mechanism for moving it and a device for changing the level of salt melt in the melting chamber 1. The device for changing the level of salt melt is made in the form of a vessel 5 communicating via channel 6 with the melting chamber 1

the immersion body 7, located in the L container and resistant to salt melt, and equipped with a device for moving the immersion body B of the vertical plane consisting of the pull rod 8, boka and counterweight (not shown in the drawings). The immersion body 7 is of any shape (cylindrical, prismatic or blunt) and freely moves in an area without contact with its walls. Kopipnik 2 is equipped with a tap hole 9. for the release of liquid metal, In emksyuti 5 provides a tap hole 10 for the release of molten salt. Melting chamber 1 and capacity 5 coo &duct; through the channel 11. The tank is provided with exhaust ducts 12B of the upper part of the melting chamber, and there is an opening 13 for inserting the raw material tray into the basket 4 equipped with a lid 14. The tray is E shaped as a box with a perforated bottom. Basket 4 is a npn3NiaTn4ecKyio frame, freely move-. The chamber in the chamber 1, the melting chamber, is provided with a frame 15, which serves as a stop for the ZINA 4 core mounted on a rod 16 connected to the counterweight. The chamber 1 and the container 5 are closed by covers 17 with holes 18 for. passes 8 and 16, the immersion body 7 is formed in the form of cavities 19, communicating with each other via channels 20; In the side walls of the body 7, channels 21 connecting the cavities with the liquid bath are made. In the lid 17 of the tank 5, additional heating electrodes 22 are installed. which can be fed either separately; {from the electrodes 3, or connected with them in parallel.

The furnace works as follows.

In the melting chamber 1 and the tank 5, a mixture of salts, for example potassium and sodium chlorides and cryolite, is melted, and the heater1} b1 with electrodes 3 the temperature of the melt is brought to 850-900 C. The immersion body 7 is immersed in a salt bath so that its cavities 19 through channels 21 are filled with a liquid molten salt. Raise the body

7, the heating electrodes 22, having penetrated into the melt, raise the temperature of the immersion body to the required temperature (above the melting point of salts) l. Under the influence of the weight of the tray with raw materials, the basket 4 smoothly lowers until it stops. Close the lid. The immersion body 7 is gently immersed in the melt. The level of the melt in the tank 5 rises and the flow of the melt through the channel 6 to the chamber 1 begins until the leveling of the melt in the communicating tanks is equalized. The melt, the passage through basket 4, washes the raw material and melts it. Then, the immersion body 7 is raised to the upper position. When this occurs, the reverse flow of molten salt through the basket. The low-melting metal is melted, and the iron attachments are left in the tray. Basket 4 iodine counterbalance action - rises to the upper position. The tray with the residues is removed from the basket and replaced with a different tray with the raw material. In the following, the cycle repeats. Accumulated metal you. water from the furnace through tap-hole 9, and polluted salt melt through tap-hole 10. Gases and vapors formed in the furnace are discharged through channels 12.

The present invention eliminates the formation of wall accretions on the surface of the immersion body and intensifies melting due to the fact that the salt bath does not spend the heat of heating the body.

Claims (1)

Claims. Electric salt furnace for smelting non-ferrous metals by author. No. 466372, characterized in that, in order to eliminate the formation of wallings on the surface of the immersion body and to intensify the smelting process, the immersion body is made in the form of interconnecting cavities and has channels in the side walls, and electrodes are installed in the lid of the container.