SU48339A1 - Automatic differential pressure regulator to steam boiler feedthroughs - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to automatic pressure regulators for feeding devices of a steam boiler using a pressure column of mercury to create a pressure differential.

In the proposed automatic regulator, a piston is used, which is on one side under the pressure of the mercury column and pressure in the boiler or in the steam line, and on the other hand under the pressure of water in the supply pipe behind the regulator, which piston is rigidly connected to the controller's claian , m. provides maximum accuracy of the latter.

In FIG. Figure 1 shows a horizontal section of an automatic pressure regulator to the feeding devices of a steam boiler; FIG. 2 is a vertical section of it; FIG. 3 is a diagram of its inclusion in the boiler power supply network.

Since the purpose of the regulator is to maintain a constant difference between the pressure in the boiler and the pressure in the feed line, accordingly, there must be a pulse device that produces

permutation of the throttle valve in accordance with changes in individual factors that may affect the change in the specified pressure drop. The latter, as indicated, should be kept constant.

Such a pulse device is rigidly connected to the valve 2 of the regulator piston 1 (Fig. 1 and 2), which is under the action of two pressures; on the one (outer) side, it is under steam pressure from the steam line, increased by the pressure differential, which it is desirable to have on the supply controller, on the other hand, under the pressure of water behind the regulator.

When there is an equilibrium of pressures on both sides of the pistons 1, the latter, and therefore also the valve 2 of the regulator, is in a stationary state.

If there is an imbalance, for example, when the vapor pressure (in the boiler) drops, the water pressure takes over, and the piston, and with it the regulator valve, moves to the left, thereby reducing the regulator valve opening, i.e., greater throttling , and there will be a decrease in pressure after the regulator, and this decrease occurs until a new equilibrium is reached; however, the differential will remain constant, and the water pressure will decrease in accordance with a decrease in vapor pressure. An increase in vapor pressure will lead to a reversal. When the amount of water supplied to the boiler changes, the pressure of the water before the supply regulator changes, i.e., after the pressure regulator, changes. This change in pressure drop will cause the corresponding movement, its movement of the piston 1 regulator / a, and therefore the opening or covering of valve 2, i.e. an increase or decrease in water throttling. After the equilibrium state is reached, the pressure drop will again be compressed, and at a constant vapor pressure and water pressure corresponding to the new amount of water transferred to the boiler, there will be iiMerbCH other (greater.) Less opening of the Regulator valve. The influence of the characteristics of the nutrient flow is automatically taken into account by the regulator, only then it is found when the pressure drop is imminent, it corresponds to the desired pad, and this latter is set depending on the w, their conditions. In order that the water at high speed through the valve 2 could not act with its inertia on the piston 1, a washer 3 is provided, and the rod 4 of the porin passes through the sealing sleeve 5. The transfer of pressure from the regulator chamber 6 to the space under the piston 1 It comes through a bypass pipe 7, on which there is a throttle screw 8 with a lock nut 9. This screw allows you to see possible sudden shocks in chamber 6. The screw can be replaced with a throttle washer between the flanges on the bypass pipe. Water under pressure from the pump enters the regulator through the bottom flange into the chamber 10, from where, through the openings 11 of the valve seat sockets 2, enters the chamber 6, where the pressure is maintained in accordance with the required pressure drop. The regulator is turned off, i.e., it is fully opened with the aid of, and the valve is opened 12 bypass pipe 13, which connects the chamber 10 to the space 14 above the piston 4. Excess pressure on the rear side of the piston moves the valve towards the opening. For smooth closing, a throttle washer 23 is provided. On the rear side of the piston there is a spring 15, which should ensure the full fit of the valve 2 when it is turned off; on the other hand, this spring, within certain small limits, allows the pressure differential to vary. Spring 15, as found in water during manufacture, is chrome plated to protect against rust. Its adjustment is carried out with the aid of a screw 16, the end of which is zap1: ish:, en cap 17. Porschep 1 moves in a cylinder 18 made of stainless steel. All parts moving in contact with them are also made of stainless steel. At the end of the valve stem, the passage of the device through the retaining washer 19, there is a slot through which the lever 20 is connected with an arrow 21 indicating the state of opening of the valve on a scale of 22. The regulator is installed in the discharge pipe behind the feed pump 24 (Fig. 3). To connect the regulator to the steam line, a branch is taken from the steam line 31 to the mercury tank 25, which is installed so as to create a mercury column corresponding to the desired pressure differential. In order not to expose the inside of the regulator to mercury, a trap 26 is provided, which can absorb all of the mercury, a steam flow in both the mercury reservoir 25 and the pipeline 27. Therefore, an occasional instantaneous pressure drop in the pipeline 28 between the trap 26 and the regulator torus will not entail

throwing mercury into the regulator, where it could be the cause, if not the destruction of the latter, then in any case it would interfere with its operation, since the magnitude of the mercury column would change, and therefore the pressure drop created by the regulator.

With the controller turned off, i.e., with the shut-off valve 12 open (Fig. 1) and with the valves 29 and 30 accidentally opened, water did not flow from the pressure water line to the steam line, under valve 12 (Fig. 1 ) a throttle washer with a diameter of 2 mm was installed, which keeps the amount of flowing water in non-hazardous limits, namely, on the one hand non-hazardous in the sense of getting into the steam line that amount of water that could lead to water shocks, etc., on the other hand harmless in the sense of impossibility while throwing and i are the mercury in the steam line.

The trap and the mercury tank are fixed at any suitable place on the wall, pillar, etc., and the distance between them is determined by the pressure differential that must be supported by the regulator.:

Mercury tank 25 has an opening for pouring mercury without disassembling j of the pipeline.

The mercury trap 26 has a mercury opening in its lower part with a cone-shaped closure with a protective cap; in its upper part there is a hole for air release when filling the water cavity between the mercury and the regulator piston.

The normal position of the controller is assumed as shown in FIG. 3, in a horizontal position on a vertical pressure line 32. However, if necessary, it can also be installed on a horizontal one: a pressure line in both horizontal and vertical position.

The subject matter of the invention.

An automatic pressure regulator for steam boiler feed units using a mercury column to create a constant pressure differential, characterized by the use of a piston regulator 1 fixed to the valve, located on one side under the pressure of a mercury column and the vapor pressure in the boiler or in steam line, on the other hand - under the pressure of water in the feed pipe after the regulator.

1315

L

17