SU301148A1 - METHOD OF OBTAINING INSECTICIDAL EXTRACT FROM TOBACCO PLANTS - Google Patents
METHOD OF OBTAINING INSECTICIDAL EXTRACT FROM TOBACCO PLANTSInfo
- Publication number
- SU301148A1 SU301148A1 SU1417660A SU1417660A SU301148A1 SU 301148 A1 SU301148 A1 SU 301148A1 SU 1417660 A SU1417660 A SU 1417660A SU 1417660 A SU1417660 A SU 1417660A SU 301148 A1 SU301148 A1 SU 301148A1
- Authority
- SU
- USSR - Soviet Union
- Prior art keywords
- extracts
- infusion
- tobacco plants
- carried out
- waste
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 240000008962 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 title claims description 5
- 230000000749 insecticidal Effects 0.000 title claims description 5
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005591 charge neutralization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001187 sodium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019749 Dry matter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 Nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000077 insect repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930015196 nicotine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
Известны способы получени инсектицидных экстрактов ,из растений табака, включающие изм.ельчение растений, настаивание в кислом или пделочном экстратенте, отделение экстрактов и нейтрализацию последних, соответственно , щелочью или кислотой.Methods are known for producing insecticidal extracts from tobacco plants, including grinding the plants, insisting in an acidic or pdelnoe extractant, separating the extracts and neutralizing the latter, respectively, with alkali or acid.
Известные способы требуют значительных затрат на проведение нейтрализации.Known methods require significant costs for carrying out neutralization.
Предлагаемый способ в значительной мере снимает этот недостаток. Это достигаетс тем, что настаивание провод т одновременно в растворе кислоты и в растворе соды в двух разных емкост х, а затем экстракты объедин ют и таким образом нейтрализуют оба экстракта без дополнительных затрат на нейтрализацию .The proposed method largely removes this disadvantage. This is achieved by the fact that the infusion is carried out simultaneously in an acid solution and in a solution of soda in two different containers, and then the extracts are combined and thus neutralize both extracts without additional costs of neutralization.
Предлагаетс способ .получени инсектицидного экстракта ,из растений табака, преимущественно из отходов, при котором растени или их отходы измельчают, настаивают одновременно в двух экстрактах - в растворе кислоты, предпочтительно азотной, и ,в растворе соды, предпочтительно карбоната натри , а затем оба экстракта после отделени от клетчатки объедин ют и добиваютс тем самым их нейтрализации.A method is proposed for obtaining an insecticidal extract from tobacco plants, mainly from waste, in which the plants or their waste are crushed, infused simultaneously in two extracts - in an acid solution, preferably nitric acid, and, in a soda solution, preferably sodium carbonate, and then both extracts after separation from the fiber, they are combined and thus neutralized.
тем из смеси удалить клетчатку и случайные взвеси.remove fiber from the mixture and random mist.
Настаивание растений табака или их отходов провод т при температуре от 40 до 60°С при за крытых герметично емкост х в течение 3-8 час.Infusion of tobacco plants or their waste is carried out at a temperature of from 40 to 60 ° C with hermetically sealed containers closed for 3-8 hours.
Готовый экстракт имеет уд. в. 1,013-1,018, рН от 6 до 7. Его переливают или перекачивают в открытый бассейн, где он может хранитьс при температуре О-40°С в течение 3-15 дней.Ready extract has beats. at. 1,013-1,018, pH from 6 to 7. It is poured or pumped into the outdoor pool, where it can be stored at a temperature of 0-40 ° C for 3-15 days.
При температуре хранени экстракта выше 10°С через 3-5 дней на поверхности начинаетс естественное аэробное гнилостное брожение с непри тным запахом, а в глубине идет молочнокислое брожение. Эти два вида брожени , по мнению за вител , полезны, так как экстракт приобретает, помимо инсектицидного свойст1ва, еще и свойство репеллента в отнощении насекомых.At the storage temperature of the extract above 10 ° C after 3-5 days, natural aerobic putrefaction with an unpleasant odor begins on the surface, and lactic acid fermentation takes place in the depths. These two types of fermentation, in the opinion of the applicant, are useful, since the extract acquires, in addition to the insecticidal properties, also the property of insect repellent.
Полученный в ходе реакции нейтрализации побочный продукт - натриева селитра - используетс растением как удобрение.The by-product, sodium nitrate, obtained during the neutralization reaction is used by the plant as a fertilizer.
Пример Берут 200 кг отхода табака, измельчают до частиц размером 1-Б JUM н пример , на машинуExample Take 200 kg of waste tobacco, crushed to a particle size of 1-B JUM n example, on the machine
части. 100 кг массы загружают в одну емкость (чан) и столько же в другую емкость. В обе емкости вливают по 100 л теплой (40- 50°С) воды. В одну емкость внос т 4,24 кг соды (NagCOs), в другую приливают 5,04 л 98-100%-ной азотной кислоты. Содержание обеих емкостей тщательно перемешивают 5- 10 мин до однородной кашицы. Через 3--8 час настаивани , когда удельный вес обо.их экстрактов достигнет 1,013-1,020, а обшее содержание сухих Веществ 7-10%, отдел ют экстракты от клетчатки путем отжати на прессе или центрифуге. Получают по 150- 160 л кислотного и щелочного экстрактов. Оба экстракта сливают через коллектор, перемешивают и направл ют в открытый бассейн дл хранени и реализации. Выход готового продукта составл ет 300-320 л. Состав готового продукта, %: :содержание сухих веществ 7-10, никотина 1,0-1,5, белков 6-10, углеводов 10-20, пектинов 10-18, прочих веществ 6-9, остальное вода. рН -6-7.parts. 100 kg of mass is loaded into one tank (vat) and the same into another tank. In both containers pour 100 liters of warm (40-50 ° C) water. 4.24 kg of soda (NagCOs) are introduced into one container, 5.04 liters of 98-100% nitric acid are poured into the other. The contents of both containers are thoroughly mixed for 5-10 minutes until a homogeneous slurry. After 3--8 hours of infusion, when the specific gravity of both extracts reaches 1.013-1.020, and the total content of dry substances is 7-10%, the extracts are separated from the fiber by pressing on a press or centrifuge. Get 150-160 l of acid and alkaline extracts. Both extracts are drained through a collector, mixed, and sent to an open pool for storage and disposal. The yield of the finished product is 300-320 l. The composition of the finished product,%:: the dry matter content is 7-10, nicotine 1.0-1.5, protein 6-10, carbohydrate 10-20, pectin 10-18, other substances 6-9, the rest is water. pH -6-7.
Предмет изобретени Subject invention
Claims (3)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SU301148A1 true SU301148A1 (en) |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7838046B2 (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2010-11-23 | Tampa Bay Research Institute | Plant extracts and uses thereof |
| US7838052B2 (en) | 2001-09-26 | 2010-11-23 | Tampa Bay Research Institute | Pine cone extracts and uses thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7838046B2 (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2010-11-23 | Tampa Bay Research Institute | Plant extracts and uses thereof |
| US7838052B2 (en) | 2001-09-26 | 2010-11-23 | Tampa Bay Research Institute | Pine cone extracts and uses thereof |
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