SU1789787A1 - Hydraulic drive of vehicle lift - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic power and can be used in the construction of mounting autohydraulic hoists, as well as in hydraulic drives and control systems of various road construction machines.

The hydraulic drive of a car lift is known, which contains hydraulic motors of working bodies connected by hydraulic lines through manual control valves with a pump and a hydraulic tank, a control panel, three and two-line hydraulic control valves, check valves (Zaitsev L.V., Polosin M.D., Truck cranes. M ,: Higher School, 1987, p. 74, Fig. 63).

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the narrow functionality, since here the speed control is carried out only by regulating the fluid flow due to throttling in manually controlled valves and the pump speed due to changes in the speed of the internal combustion engine. Such speed regulation leads to a complete dependence of the speeds of the working bodies, both without combining and when combining operations on the individual abilities of the operator, which reduces the safety and reliability of the work.

The hydraulic drive of a car lift is also known, containing hydraulic cylinders for lifting the upper and lower boom, and a hydraulic rotary motor connected by hydraulic lines through four-line controlled hydraulic valves with a pump and hydraulic tank, a controlled hydraulic valve of the type of work, as well as installed in hydraulic lines, link 1789787 A1

17.89787 control valves and cavities of the hydraulic boom, throttles shunted by check valves, a control panel with control switches connected to the control inputs of the four-line control valves, check valves, and, in addition, the control cylinder of the throttle valve of the internal combustion engine of the car lift connected to the pressure head hydraulic line of the pump ( Yu.I., Car lifts and shkhi, _to M .: Higher school, 1'987, p. 92, Fig. 65).

The disadvantage of this drive functionality and low reliability due to the ability to control the speed of hydraulic motors only by changing the speed of the internal combustion engine, as well as the low speed when combining operations. An increase in the speed of the pumps and, consequently, the speed of the hydraulic motor with an increase in the load on it due to the impact of the hydraulic cylinder on the throttle damages the performance, reduces reliability, and, thus, safety. The ability to simultaneously turn on multiple hydraulic motors reduces operational safety.

The aim of the invention is the expansion of functionality to increase reliability and security.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the hydraulic drive of the car lift, containing the lifting cylinders of the upper, lower boom, the hydraulic motor of rotation, connected by hydraulic lines through four-line controlled hydraulic valves with a pump and hydraulic tank, a controlled hydraulic valve of the type of work, as well as installed in parallel in hydraulic lines connecting the hydraulic valves and the cavity of the hydraulic cylinders , arrows, chokes, shunted by non-return valves, control panel with control toggle switches associated with inputs four-line directional control valves, check valves, is equipped with a three-position three-line and two-position controlled directional control valves, at least two flow controllers, a throttle and two check valves and a logic unit for setting speeds, and the control panel is equipped with a quick movement button, the pump through the three-line control valve and installed in it hydraulic lines flow regulators connected to a hydraulic tank, the output of at least one bypass check valve through sequentially A throttled throttle, a two-way directional control valve and parallel check valves connected to it are connected to two hydraulic lines of the corresponding four-line directional control valve and hydraulic cylinder, toggle switches and a control panel button are connected to the control inputs of a three-line and two-way directional control valves via the speed setting logic block. At the same time, the drive is equipped with a locking system through which the toggle switches are connected to the control inputs of the four-line control valves, and its inputs are connected to the speed setting unit and the control input of the control valve of the type of work.

The speed setting block is made in the form of six logical elements AND, six OR elements, two logical elements NOT and two NI-NI elements, the inputs of the first, second and third OR elements are connected respectively to the toggle switches of the control panel, their outputs are connected to the fourth OR element and in pairs - with the first, second and third AND elements that are associated with the fifth OR element and the fourth AND element, and the outputs of the fourth and fifth AND elements are connected with the fifth AND element, the control panel button is connected directly and through the sixth e an OR element with the first NI-NI element, and through the first element NOT, with the second NI-NI element, while the fifth OR element of the block is associated with the sixth OR element, the fifth AND element is with the second NI-NI element, the output of the fourth OR element is connected with the input of the sixth AND element installed at the output of the first NI-NI element, the outputs of the sixth And element and the second NI-NI element are connected to the control inputs of the three-line and two-position hydraulic distributors, and the output of the fourth And element through the second element is NOT connected to the blocking system, which sod rzhit trehvhodovyh six AND gates included operating inputs and outputs toggle link remote control from the control inputs of four-way directional control valves, and the control inputs of each AND gate block connected to a second NOT member and the control input of the hydraulic distributor type of work.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a hydraulic drive car lift.

The drive contains hydraulic cylinders 1. 2 lifts of the upper, lower boom and a hydraulic motor (hydraulic motor) 3 turns connected by hydraulic lines 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 with four-line controlled directional valves 10, 11, 12, having inputs 13,

14, 15, 16, 17, 18 controls, In the hydraulic lines 4, 5, 6, 7, hydraulic locks 19, 20 are installed, and in the hydraulic lines 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 - throttles (not marked) are shunted by check valves 21 , 22, 23, 24, 25, 26. Hydroallocators 10, 11, 12 are connected by hydraulic lines 27, 28 to pump 29 and hydraulic tank 30. A controlled hydraulic directional valve 31 of the type of work with a control input 32 and a safety valve 33 is installed in the pressure hydraulic line 27. control has toggle switches 35, 36, 37 connected by lines 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 with inputs 13, 14,

15, 16, 17, 18 control valves 10, 11. 12.

The drive is equipped with a controlled three-position three-way valve 44 with control inputs 45, 46, controlled by a two-way valve 47 with control input 48, flow controllers 49, 50, throttle 51, parallel connected check valves 52, 53 and speed setting unit 54. The remote control 34 is equipped with a button 55 quick movements.

The pump 29 through the control valve 44 and the flow controllers 49, 50 is connected to the hydraulic tank 30. The output of the shunt check valve 21 through the throttle 51, the control valve 47 and the check valves 52, 53 is connected to the hydraulic lines 56, 57 of the control valve 10. Toggle switches 35, 36, 37 and button 55 by lines 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 58 through block 54 are connected to control inputs 45,46 and 48 of control valves 44 and 47. On lines 38-43 connecting the control panel 34 to control inputs 13-18 installed system 59 lock. The inputs of the last lines 60, 61 are connected with the block 54 and the input 32 of the control valve 31 type of work.

Block 54 is connected by inputs with lines 38-43, 58, and outputs with lines 60, 62, 63 and contains logical elements AND 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69. OR elements 70, 71.72, 73, 74 , 75, elements NOT 76, 77, elements of SRI 78, 79. The inputs of the OR elements 70, 71.72 are connected by lines 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 with the toggle switches 35, 36.37 of the control panel 34. The outputs of the elements 70, 71.72 are connected with the OR element 73 and in pairs with the AND elements 64, 65, 66, which are connected with the OR element 74 and the AND element 67. The outputs of the OR elements 73 and 74 are connected with the AND element 68. Button 55 line 58 directly and through the element OR 75 connected to the element

NOR NI 78, and through the element NOT 76 - with the element NOR NI 79. The element OR 74 is connected with the element OR 75 and the element 68 is connected with the element NOR 79. The output of the OR element 73 is connected to the input of the AND 69 element, installed at the output of the NI-NI element 78. The outputs of the And 69 and NI-NI elements 79 through lines 63 and 62 are connected to the control inputs 46, 45 and 48 of the control valves 44 and 47. The output of the And 67 element through the NOT 77 element by line 60 is connected to the system 59 blocking.

The blocking system 59 contains three-input logic elements AND 80, 81, 82, 83.84, 85, included in lines 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 of the control panel 34 with inputs 13, 14, 15. 16, 17, 18 control valves 10, 11, 12. The control inputs of the elements 80-85, respectively, are connected by line 60 to the block 54, and line 61 to the input 32 of the control valve 31.

At the outputs of the toggle switches 35.3 6, 37 of the button 56 and at the input 32 of the control signals Χι,.,., Χβ are indicated, at the outputs of the elements OR 70, 71, 72, elements AND 80, 81, 82, 83, 84. 85, element OR 75, element NOT 76, element NI-NI - signals Yi ..... Y12, at the outputs of logic elements AND 64, 65, 66. element OR 73, element AND 69, element NI-NI - signals Zi .. ... Ζβ. at the outputs of the elements OR 74, elements AND 67. 68 - signals Ui ..... U3, at the output of the element NOT 77 signal V. Signals Xi ..... Хв; Yi ..... Y12:

Z1 ..... Z5; Ui, ..., U3: V take two levels of values - 0 and 1.

Types of states of logical elements are presented in tables 1 ... 6.

The drawing does not show a device for unloading the pump with the average position of the control valves. Control valves, communication lines, logic elements can be made electric, pneumatic, hydraulic.

The drive operates as follows.

After installing the elevator in its original position, the control valve 31 is switched to the right position. The signal Χδ = = 1 arrives at the first inputs of the elements And 80-85. Since the toggle switches 35.3 6, 37 of the control panel 34 are not turned on, the signals Xi ..... Xb are equal to zero, the signals at the outputs of the elements OR 70, 71, 72 of the block 54 Yi == Y ₂ = U3 = 0 (table. 1). the signals at the outputs of the elements And 64, 65. 66, 67 Zi = Z ₂ = Z3 = U ₂ = 0 (Tables 3 and 4) and at the output of the element NOT 77 the signal V = 1 is generated (Table 5), which from the output block 54 on line 60 enters the second inputs of elements And 80-85.

At the same time, the signals Yi = Y2 = Y3 = Ζι = Z ₂ = Z3 = O are fed to the inputs of the OR elements 73 and 74 of block 54. The signals Z4 = Ui = 0 (table 2) are generated at their outputs and fed to the inputs of the OR elements 75 , And 68. At the output of the latter, the signal is U3 = O (Table 3). Since the button 55 is not pressed in the initial position, the signal Χγ = 0 is fed to the inputs of the elements OR 75, NOT 76, NOR

78. At the output of the OR element 75, the signal Yu = 0 (Table 1) and from the NI-NI element 78, the signal Y12 = 1 (Table 6) is fed to the input of the And 69 element. Since the signal Ζ4 = 0 at its second input then (Table 3) at the output of block 54 in line 63, the signal is Ζδ = 0, as a result of which in the initial position the control valve 47 is in the upper (according to the drawing) position, since there is no control signal to its control input 48.

From the output of the element NOT 76, the signal Yn = 1 (Table 5) is fed to the input of the NI-NI element

79, resulting in a signal наδ = 0 at its output, output of block 54, and line 62. The control valve 44 is installed in the middle position. The signals at the output of the toggle switches 35, 36, 37 of the control panel 34 are Xi = X ₂ = X3 = X4 = = Χδ = Xb = 0, the signals at the system output 59 Υ4 = Υδ = Ye = Μι = Υβ = Yg = 0 (Table 4) and the control valves 10, 11, 12 are also installed in the middle position. The control valve 48 through the check valves 52, 53 and control valves 10, 11, 12 is connected to the hydraulic line 28 and the hydraulic tank 30.

To raise, for example, the upper boom at low speed, the operator turns the switch 35 of the remote control 34 counterclockwise. The signal Xg = 1 along line 30 enters the third input of AND element 81. Since the signals Xs = V = 1 at the other two inputs of this element, the signal Υδ = 1 (Table 4) is fed to control input 14 by switching the 10-way valve right position.

At the same time, the signal Xi = 1 along line 39 is fed to the OR element 70, the signal Yi = 1 (Table 1) is input to the OR element 73, the signal Z4 = 1 (Table 2) is fed to the second input of the And 69 element. Since the signal Y12 = 1, then from the output of block 54, the signal Ζδ = 1 on line 63 enters the control inputs 46 and 48 of the control valves 44 and 47, which switch, respectively, to the right and lower positions simultaneously with the control valve 10.

The working fluid from the pump 29 through the hydraulic line 27 through the valve 10, through the hydraulic line 57, through the check valve

21, a hydraulic lock 19, through a hydraulic line 4 enters the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder

1. From the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the working fluid through the throttle 22, hydraulic line 5, hydraulic lock 19, hydraulic line 56, hydraulic valve 10, hydraulic line 28 enters the hydraulic tank 30. At the same time, part of the pump 29 through the hydraulic valve 44 and flow regulator 50, configured for operation only one working body at low speed, is discharged into the hydraulic tank 50. The upper boom is lifted at low speed.

If you need a quick lift, press the button 56 of the remote control 34 of the control. The signal X7 = 1 is supplied to the elements NOT 76 and NI-NI 78. The signals from their outputs Yn = 0 and Y12 = 0 (Tables 5 and 6) are fed to the inputs of the logical elements NI-NI 79 and 69, due to which the block outputs 54, the signals Ζδ = 0, Ζδ = 1 are generated, arriving at the inputs 45, 46, 48 of the control valves 44 and 47. The control valves 44, 47 are switched to the left and top positions. Part of the pump 29 through the valve 44 and the flow regulator 49, tuned to the operating mode of one working body at high speed, is discharged into the hydraulic tank. The hydraulic cylinder 1 carries out a quick lift of the upper boom '. The control valve 47 is connected through a check valve 52 to a drain hydraulic line 56.

To lower, for example, the upper boom at low speed, the operator turns the toggle switch 35 of the control panel 34 clockwise with the button 55 released. The signal Xi = 1 is sent along line 38 to the logic elements OR 70 and AND 80. The outputs of block 54 and system 59 are generated the signals Ζδ = 0, Ζδ = V = 1, Y4 = 1, Υδ = Υδ = Μι = Ma = Y9 = 0, as a result of which the control valve 10 switches to the left, and the control valves 44 and 47 to the right and lower positions.

The working fluid from the pump 29 through the hydraulic line 27, through the control valve 10. through the hydraulic line 56, through the hydraulic lock 19 and the check valve 22 is supplied to the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1. From the piston cavity, the working fluid through the hydraulic line 4, through the hydraulic lock 19, the throttle 21, hydraulic line 57, the control valve 10, the hydraulic line 28 is discharged into the hydraulic tank 30. Slow lowering of the upper boom is carried out, in accordance with the setting of the flow controller 50.

To lower the upper boom at fast speed, the operator also presses the button 55 of the remote control 34. The signal X7 = = 1 is fed to block 54. As in the boom lift mode at fast speed, the signals Ζδ = 0, Ζδ = V = 1 are generated at the output of block 54. The control valve 47 switches to the upper position, and the control valve 44 switches to the left position, connecting the pump 29 through the flow regulator 49, tuned to the operating mode of one working body at fast speed, with the hydraulic tank 30. The working fluid from the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1 enters the hydraulic line 57 through two parallel hydraulic lines: through the throttle 21, as well as through sequentially installed throttle 5 1, the control valve 47 and the check valve 53. In this case, the control valve 47, as before, is connected via a check valve 53 to a drain hydraulic line.

Drives for lifting the lower boom using the hydraulic cylinder 2 and turning by means of a hydraulic motor 3 operates in the considered modes in the same way as the drive of the upper boom.

To combine two operations, for example, raising the upper boom and turning clockwise, the operator turns the toggle switches 36 and 37 counterclockwise. It does not matter if the button 55 of the control panel 34 is pressed or not.

The signals Xg = Xb = 1 are sent to the OR elements 70 and 72 of block 54, the signals Υι = Uz = “1 (Table 1) are sent to the elements OR 73 and I 66. The signals Ζ4 = Ζ3 = 1 are generated at their outputs (table. 2 and 3), supplied to the OR elements 74, 67, 68. Since the signal Ui = 1 is at the output of the IL И 74 element (Table 2), the signals Υιο = 11з = 1 at the outputs of the OR 75 and И 68 elements (tab. . 1 and 3). Therefore, the signals at the output of the NI-NI elements Υ12 = = Ζ6 = 0 (Table 6) and the signals at the output of the block 54 Ζδ = Ζ6 = 0 (Table 3). These signals do not change if the button 56 of the control panel 34 is pressed, since the signals at the same inputs of the NI-NI elements will remain the same Υιο = from = 1 (Table 6). At the same time, since the signals Zi = Ze = 0, the signal U2 = 0 (Table 4), and the signal at the output of the block 54 V = 1 allows the passage of signals Xi ..... Xb without changes through the blocking system 59.

The control valves 10 and 12 are switched to the right positions, and the control valve 44 is set to the middle position. The entire supply of the pump 29 through the control valves 10 and 12 goes to the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the hydraulic motor 3. The throttles 22 and 26 provide the desired ratio of the costs coming to these hydraulic motors.

If it is necessary to move these organs to the other side or to combine the other two any operations, the drive works in a similar way.

When three tumblers are turned on simultaneously, the simultaneous movement of three hydraulic motors is excluded, because such a movement of the site with people on it could lead to an unpredictable ratio of the speeds of these organs and possible emergency situations. In this case, the signals from the outputs of the elements And 64 ..... 66 Zi = Z2 = Z3 = 1 are fed to the inputs of the element And 67, the signal U2 = 1 (table. 4), the signal at the output of the block 54 V = 0 (table. 5) enters the system 59, as a result of which at the outputs of the And 80-85 elements all the signals Y4 = Yg = Y6 = Υγ = Υβ = Y9 = 0. The directional control valves 10, 11, 12 are installed in the middle position and the movement of the actuator control valves does not occur .

Thus, the proposed technical solution in comparison with the prototype allows you to expand the functionality of the hydraulic drive due to the possibility of each hydraulic motor at two fixed speeds, and due to the combination of operations performed by two working bodies, which makes the drive little dependent on the individual abilities of the operator, increases safety and reliability. Connecting all directional valves, including directional control valve 47 to the drain line, eliminates the possibility of the fluid entering the controls and increases the reliability of the drive.

Claims (4)

Claim 1. The hydraulic drive of the car lift, containing hydraulic cylinders for lifting the upper and lower boom and a swing hydraulic motor, the cavities of each of which are connected to one of the four-line controlled hydraulic distributors with hydraulic lines, each of which includes a throttle shunted by a check valve, as well as a controlled hydraulic distributor of the type of work, connected to the pump, hydraulic tank and with the specified four-line valves, connected control inputs with toggle switches of the control panel, characterized in that. that, in order to expand functionality and increase reliability and safety, it is equipped with a three-position three-linear controlled valve with a controlled two-position valve with a throttle inlet and two check valves at the outlet, at least two flow controllers and a logic unit for setting speeds, and the control panel - 5 by the button of fast movements, which is connected through the logical unit for setting speeds to the control inputs of the on-off and three-position hydraulic distributor Iteli, the last is connected by one 10 hydraulic line to the pump, and the other, through flow regulators - to the hydraulic tank, while the on-off directional valve through the throttle installed at its input is connected to the output of one of the shunting 15 check valves, and the output, through parallel connected to it check valves - to both hydraulic lines of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder. 2. The drive according to claim 1, with the exception of 20, in that it is equipped with a blocking circuit, to the control inputs of which are connected the control input of the control valve of the type of work од output ^{- a} logical unit for setting speeds, while four-line distributors are connected to control inputs with toggle switches through working inputs and outputs of the interlock system. 3. The drive according to claim 2, characterized in that the logical unit for setting the speed 30 is made up of six AND elements, six OR elements, two NOT elements and two NOR elements, while the inputs of the first, second and third OR elements are connected to toggle switches, and their outputs - with the fourth OR element and in pairs - with the first, second and third AND elements, which are connected with the fifth OR element and the fourth AND element, and the inputs of the fourth and fifth OR elements are connected with the fifth AND element, button for quick remote control movements management is directly connected o, and also through the sixth OR element with the first NI-NI element, and through the first element NOT with the second NI-NI element, while the fifth OR element is connected with the sixth OR element, the fifth AND element with the second NI-NI element, and the output of the fourth element And - with the input of the sixth element And installed at the output of the first element NI-NI, the outputs of the sixth element And and the second element NI-NI are connected to the control inputs of the three-position and two-position control valves, and the output of the fourth element And through the second element is NOT connected to control input locking systems 4. The drive according to claim 2, characterized in that the locking system is made in the form of six AND elements, the working inputs of each of which are connected to the toggle switches, the control inputs are with the output of the second element NOT and with the control input of the control valve of the type of work, and the working outputs are with control inputs of four-way control valves. Table 1 Logic function OR (two inputs) Item no. 70 71 72 75 1st entry X1 Xs X5 X7 0 1 0 1 2nd entrance X2 X4 Hb Ui 0 0 1 1 Exit . Y1 Y2 Y3 Y10 0 1 1 Logic function OR (three inputs) table 2 Item no. 73 74 1st entry Υ1 Ζι 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 2nd entrance Y2 z ₂ 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 3rd entrance Y3 Z3 0 0 '0 1 0 1 1 1 Exit Z4 U1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Logic function AND (two inputs) Table 3 Item no. 64 65 66 68 69 1st entry Y1 Y2 Υ1 Ζ4 Ζ4 0 1 0 1 2nd entrance Y2 Υ3 Υ3 Ui Υ12 0 0 1 1 Exit Ζι Ζ ₂ ζ ₃ of ζ ₅ 0 0 0 1 Table 4 Logic function AND (three inputs) Item no. 67 80 81 82 83 84 85 1st entry Ζι Χι Χ2 Xs X4 X5 X6 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 2nd entrance Z2 Xs Xs Xs Xs Xs Xs 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 3rd entrance Z ₃ V V V V V V 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 Exit U2 Y4 Υδ Ye Y? Ys Ys 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Table 5 Logical function NOT Ns element 76 77 entrance X7 U ₂ 0 1 Exit Y11 V 1 0 Table 6 Logical function NI-NI (Pierce arrow) Ns element 78 79 1st entry X7 Yu 0 1 0 1 2nd entrance Υιο of 0 0 1 1 Exit Υ12 Ze 1 0 0 --0 Ί