SU1728182A1 - Ceramic mass for plate manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of building materials, can be used for the manufacture of ceramic glazed and unglazed tiles for various purposes. In order to increase strength, wear and heat resistance and frost resistance, reduce humidity expansion, the ceramic mass contains the following components, wt%: refractory clay 53.8-58; quartz sand 5.9-11; tiled combat 4-10; 3-5 dolomite; nepheline syenite 20-30; datolite concentrate 0.1-1; production waste glass-ceramic composition of 0.1-1, wt.%: SI02 61-70.37; A1203 3.87-7.2; CaO 4.74-8.3; NaaO 13.55-16.8; PaOs 7.0-9.4; Re203 0.3-0.42. Physical and mechanical properties of tiles for interior cladding; shrinkage 0.8–1.2%, water absorption 12–14%, high expansion 0.015–0.02%, TCLE (20–600 ° C) (14.3–16.0) –10 degrees, heat resistance 200 ° ; C, flexural strength of 23.1-25.8 MPa. Water absorption facade tiles; 5.77-7.1%, flexural strength 38-40.1 MPa, frost resistance 100 cycles. Water absorption of tiles for floors: 3.9-4.9%, abrasion 0.015-0.02 g / cm2, flexural strength 29-34 MPa. 1 tab. -6 SP G

Description

The invention relates to the technology of silicates and can be used in the industry of building materials in the manufacture of ceramic tiles for various purposes — floor, interior and exterior cladding.

A known ceramic mass for the manufacture of tiles, comprising the following components, wt%; clay 42-56; quartz sand 7-21; dolomite 6-12; tiled combat 4-8; phosphorus ore dressing waste 17-27 ..

Its properties: firing temperature 100 & - 1020 ° C, firing duration 17-20 min, water absorption 15.5-16.2%, moisture expansion 0.03-0.05%, mechanical strength 18-20 MPa. shrinkage 1.6-2.0%, thermal coefficient of linear expansion at 20-400 ° C 10.0-10.5 xU 6.

The lack of ceramic mass - low mechanical strength and thermal expansion coefficient. large shrinkage. In addition, this ceramic mass is unsuitable for the manufacture of facade tiles and floor tiles in existing firing modes.

Closest to the invention is a ceramic mass for the manufacture of facing tiles with high-speed mode.

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The time of burning, including the following components, may. %: clay 50-70; dolomite 9-18; quartz sand 3-10; tiled battle 0,1-7; cullet 3-10; bentonite 0.1-5; nepheline 5-15,

A disadvantage of the known composition is the production of tiles with insufficiently high indicators of strength, wear, heat and frost resistance, as well as relatively high moisture expansion.

The aim of the invention is to improve the strength, wear, heat and frost resistance, decrease in moisture expansion.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the ceramic mass contains the following components, wt%: refractory clay 53.8-58; quartz sand 5.9-11; dolomite tiled combat 4-10; nepheline syenite 20-30; datolite concentrate 0.1-1; production wastes, glass crystal 0.1-1 composition, wt.%: SI02 61-70,37; 3.87-7.2; CaO 4.74-8.3; Na20 13.55-16.8; Р205 7.0-9.4; Re203 0.3-0.42.

The introduction of the ceramic mass of nepheline syenite is beneficial for reducing shrinkage and improving heat resistance. It also provides the formation of a liquid phase and compaction of the crock due to the alkaline and alkaline earth oxides present in the composition.

The effect of datolite concentrate, introduced in small quantities, is explained as follows. In the process of roasting up to 1000RS, mainly crystalline phases are formed in the datolite concentrate: calcium metabolism CaO x BaOz, calcium metasilicate S102, quartz SI02, crisotolite SI02; As the burning temperature rises above 1000 ° C, partial melting of calcium metaborate begins, forming a glass phase in a small amount, up to 5%. This liquid phase envelops the crystal phase grains with a microscopic film, sealing the ceramic shard.

Glass-ceramic as waste is obtained in the manufacture of cladding materials based on glass. Its composition is May. %: 61-70.37; 3.87-7.2; CaO 4.74-8.3; N320 13.55-16.8; SOB 7.0-9.4; Rv20z 0.30- 0.42. The presence of alkaline sodium oxide is advantageous for the formation of a liquid phase and an increase in heat resistance, and the presence of P20s leads to a lighter color of the ceramic shard, which has a positive effect on the whiteness of the glaze coating

In addition, the presence in the waste of P20s glass crystallite even in very small quantities during heat treatment, i.e.

when firing products, serves as a catalyst and center of crystallization. And between the crystals there are the thinnest cementing layers of the glass phase, which form

due to alkaline and alkaline-earth oxides of nepheline concentrate, datolite concentrate and glass-crystallite, And this leads to high mechanical properties of ceramics, resistance to chemical

impact and deformation under load at high temperatures.

The ceramic mass is prepared in a known manner. Grinding emaciated and smoothly lead in laboratory ball mills to the residue on the sieve 0056 2-3%. The clay is crushed dry on laboratory runners and passed through a 2 mm sieve. Raw materials prepared in this way.

charge in accordance with the compositions given in the table. The resulting mixture is moistened to 50%, stirred in a laboratory mixer until homogeneous, filtered through a 0: 2 sieve and subjected to

drying in an oven to a moisture content of 7%. The briquette thus obtained is ground in a mortar and sieved through a sieve with openings of 1 mm. The finished press powder is placed in a desiccator for 1 day to average the humidity of the press powder.

From a prepared press powder on a laboratory hydraulic press at a primary pressure of 25 kg / cm and a secondary 95 kg / cm2, samples of tiles of size 70x35x5 mm for the inner lining and 70x35x7 mm for the floor and facade are obtained. In a laboratory drying oven, the tiles are dried to a moisture content of 0.3-0.5%. The tiles are fired in industrial conditions.

at the maximum temperatures given in the table. The firing time of the tiles is, min: for inner lining tiles, full 17, watered 27; for front tiles - full 26, watered 36, for tiles

for floors - matted 60, watered 55.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Ceramic mass for the manufacture of tiles, including refractory clay, quartz sand, tile combat, dolomite, nepheline syenite, and a glass-containing component, which in order to increase strength, wear, heat and frost resistance, reduce humidity expansion, it contains as a glass-containing component waste production of glass crystallite of the following composition, wt.%: 61-70.37; A1203 3.87-7.2; CaO 4.74-8.3; No. 20 13.55-16.8; P20s 7.0-9.4; FezOs 0.3-0.42, and additionally a datolite concentrate in the following ratio of components, May.%: Clay refractory 53.8-58.0; quartz sand 5.9-11.0; tiled combat 4-10; 3-5 dolomite; nepheline syenite 20-30; the specified waste glassclad is 0.1-1.0; datolite concentrate 0.1-1.0.