SU1716136A1 - Method of mining beds - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the development of outburst potash beds. The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of mining operations and reduce the costs of preparatory work and anti-sweeping measures in the development of exhausted potash beds. The excavation fields are divided into columns. The rifled layered parallel drifts are opposing with displacement inside the drift column of the lower layer relative to the drifts of the upper layer by an amount not less than the total thickness of the reservoir. Ventilation, conveyor and transport workings crossing the pillars are carried out in groups at an angle of 3-5P to the lines of longwall faces in the pillars. Ventilation generation is in the upper layer, conveyor and transport generation in the lower layer. The groups of the said workings pass a distance from one another equal to twice the length of the allowable penetration of the threaded workings with a single face. Development of the pillars is carried out in layers, and the layers are removed with lavas in one direction. The notch in the upper layer is carried out ahead of the lower layer by an amount of at least two maximum sizes of outburst zones on the upper layer of the formation. 3 il. with C

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used to develop outburst potash beds with long pillars. x

There is a known method of developing outburst potash beds, in which the outburst zone of the reservoir is left in the subsoil by circumventing the outburst zone from the flanks in dividing one complex into two.

The disadvantages of this method are low productivity of mining operations in lava and high unit costs.

for preparatory work in the development of outburst zones of potash seams. The closest to the present invention is a method for developing a thick, sloping seam inclined with the collapse of roof rocks. With this method, a floor preparation is used, in which the field haul road and the reservoir are carried out from the capital bremsberg (slope). parallel to the field one, a drift road (conveyor for the upper layer), and the former field haulage is used as a common ventilation development for both layers

with about

the drift of the previously completed floor. Both passages are connected through a 100-150 m ventilation pit. At the border of the mine floor, a split furnace is conducted along the upper layer. The conveyor drift of the second layer (lower) is located slightly above the parallel drift and is under the collapsed rocks, therefore, it is not affected by the reference pressure. The ventilation drift of the lower layer is also located. Conveyor layered drifts are ahead of the bottom of lava by an amount that must be no less than the distance between intermediate crosspieces, which allows them to be extinguished after the lava.

The disadvantages of this method. there are also a large amount of combined tunneling, the inability to use it for the development of outburst formations due to the lack of interconnected spare workings in front of the cleaning works front and the uncertainty of the placement parameters of the conveyor and ventilation drifts of the lower layer relative to the parallel drift, which does not guarantee reducing the influence of the reference pressure on them.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of mining operations while at the same time reducing the unit costs of preparatory work and the cost of anti-throwing measures.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the workings crossing the pillars, as part of the ventilation, conveyor and transport drifts, are placed at an angle of 3-5 ° to the line of clearing faces of lavas in the pillars, with the ventilation output going through the upper layer, and the conveyor and transport openings are in the lower layer, and groups of said openings are spaced from one another, equal to twice the allowable penetration rate of the cut openings by a single face, conducting cut parallel layers of drifts with displacement inside the column The lower layers of the lower layer are opposed and not less than the total thickness of the reservoir to be spaced from each other, and at least two maximum distances from the lower layer to the lower layer relative to the lower layer are removed by layers. dimensions, outburst zones on the plan of the upper layer of the reservoir,

FIG. 1 shows a field plan; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. one.

Excavating field 1 (Fig. 1) is divided into pillars 2 by threaded openings 3, including drifts of the upper layer 4 and lower layer 5 (Fig. 2), which intersect with groups of openings 6i and 62 in the composition of the ventilation drift 7, conveyor 8 and

transport 9 drifts at an angle of 3-5 ° to the bottoming line of the upper 10 and lower 11 layers, the distance between them (6 t and 62) is equal to twice the length of permissible penetration of the preparatory processing by a single bottom (Fig. 4). The cleaning works are carried out by the top layer 10 and bottom layer 11 in the same direction in columns 2.

The layer mining method is carried out as follows.

The extraction field 1 is a width that is a multiple of the width of the received pillars 2, and the length to the borders of the mine or its part is contoured with accumulative workings with ordinary

0 in a way (not shown) and plan future excavation columns 2. The first group of openings 6i in the ventilation drift 7, located in the upper layer of the potash reservoir, intersects the identified columns 2 so that these excavations make an angle of 3-5 ° with the line of clearing faces of the upper 10 and lower 11 layers. Such placement of groups of workings 6i and 62 with respect to the line of sewage treatment

The 0 faces 10 and 11 create optimal conditions that exclude the blockages of 10 and 11 when they cross the workings 6i and 62. The placement of the ventilation drift 7 is in the upper layer, and the conveyor 8 and the transport 9

The 5 drifts in the lower layer in groups 6i and 62, on the one hand, reduce the unit costs for preparatory work by 1.5-2 times, since these workings are used in the management of cleaning works in two layers 10

0 and 11, on the other hand, a decrease in the number of workings reduces the zone of disturbed rock formations / around the workings and simplifies the passage of complexes of love 10 and 11 through this zone. Choosing the distance between the production groups of 6i and 62 equal to twice the allowable length, the excavation of the preparatory development by a single face (1000 m) reduces the number of necessary groups of excavations 6i and 62 and makes it possible to penetrate

0 rifled workings 4 and 5 on the opposite side. one

Further, from the workings, outlining the field and opposite to the group of workings 6t (not shown) and workings 62, the opposing

5, holes cut 3 in the composition of the drifts of the upper layer 4 and lower layer 5 in pillars 2, while the cut holes 5 of the lower layer are displaced inside column 2 to a distance not less than the power of the developed potash seam. Offset drift 5 relative to drift 4 inside the column 2 at a certain distance -. This contributes to maintaining the stability of the drifts 5 of the lower layer before it is mined, since the drift is in the zone of decreasing intensity of rock pressure (in the unloaded zone). Mine observations show that the boundary of the discharge zone in the lower layer is most often associated with the thickness of the reservoir being developed and its beginning is at a distance not greater than the thickness of the reservoir being developed. After the counter-bottom-hole workings 4 and 5 are connected, the column 2 is completely contoured and the cleaning work in the posts 1.0 and 11 in one direction begins. At the same time, the cleaning work begins in the top layer of the bottom 10 and as the bottom 10 goes to a certain distance, the cleaning work begins in the bottom layer of the bottom 11. The distance is chosen equal to two maximum diameters (outburst zones in this mine have a circular shape) registered emission-hazardous zones opened by the bottom of the upper layer in the mine field. Simultaneously with the clean-up work in columns 2 between the frontier openings and the group of openings 61, the openings 10 and 11 prepare the advanced sections between the groups of openings 6i and 62, similar to that described. ,

The ventilation of the cleaning and preparatory faces is carried out by known methods, while the ventilation of the faces on the bottom layer is carried out through the ventilation sleeves. As the upper layer of the ventilation drift is extinguished by the lava (after its transition by the lava), the ventilation is transferred to the prepared ventilation drift 7 in the advanced group of workings 62, etc. before the polishing field 1.

Transportation of minerals (broken rock) from refining and preparation faces is carried out by known methods, and transportation of broken rock from the bottom layers of the upper layer is carried out through sboki, at the intersection of the corresponding drifts of the upper and lower layers.

An example of the implementation of the method in the development of the 3rd potash reservoir at the mine 1 SKRU Starobinskoe field.

For this, the mine floor area of 4000 x 1120 m is outlined by capital workings. Using the invention; this section is divided into four columns 200 m wide each with a barrier 80 meters wide between the columns. Proceeding from the condition that the distance between the groups of workings should be equal to twice the length of the allowable penetration of the developmental mine by a single slaughter, and in mine conditions 1

The SCRU is limited by the effective ventilation distance of the partial ventilation fan (HPV) and is 500 m, the distance between the groups of workings of 10.00 m is taken. Thus, the length of the refractory section is divided into four parts by three groups of workings that are driven by PC combines 8 and are taken inclined toward the future line of faces in the lavas at an angle of 4 °. The ventilating drift is located in the upper layer (IV sylvinite layer) so that 1 the soil of development is at the level of contact (± 10 cm) of sylvinite layer IV and rock salt layer (III, IV). Conveyor and

0 transport drifts are located in the lower layer (II and III sylvinite layers) and are positioned so that their soil is at the level of contact of sylvinite layer II with a layer of rock salt l, ll. After penetration

5 of the first group of workings, the first part is contoured and in parallel with the second group of workings delineating the second part of the site, the first part is being prepared by drilling cut drifts of the upper and lower layers with opposing sides. In order to accelerate the work, the driving of four drifts (two drifts of the upper layer and two drifts of the lower layer) is carried out by opposing sides, which requires

5 activation of eight PC 8 combines, while the drifts of the lower layer are displaced into the pole by 3.5 m each, which is equal to the total thickness of the 3rd potash reservoir in this area. After dropping drifts in

0, the mounting layer of the upper layer is mounted the mining complex E 200/230 with two mining combines and the upper layer is being developed (sylvinite layer IV). After the start of the cleaning work in the upper

Layer 5 is used to assemble the complex in the mounting drift of the lower layer. After the removal of xqfla cleaning work at 50 m in the upper layer, cleaning work begins in the lower layer in one direction with the upper layer. A distance of 50 m was selected on the basis of the largest diameter of the outburst zone registered at the mine on the 25 m plan of the upper layer. As work develops, the cleaning work on the second, etc., begins. pillars and plots. The following positive results were achieved:

a decrease in the number of preparatory workings approximately 2.2 times due to their grouping (a group ventilation drift serving cleaning and preparatory work in both layers of the column) and an increase in the work of lavas from one preparation of the length of the pillars;

an increase in the concentration of mining and refining operations due to an increase in the length of the cleaning faces line per unit length of the tunnel hole;

the elimination of sudden salt and gas emissions when working on the lower layer without additional costs for special measures due to an increase in the degassing rate and a decrease in the VAT of overworked rocks.

Claims (1)

Claims of the Invention Method of reservoir development, including dividing the excavated floor into poles, conducting rifled layered parallel drifts with the drift of the lower layer inward in relation to the drifts of the upper layer, conducting ventilation, conveyor and transport workings, crossing the poles, in groups, working the columns in layers and the extraction of lava layers in one direction with the advance of the bottoming lines in the upper layer with respect to the lower layer, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity of the mines development work and blowout measures in the development of outburst-hazardous potash reservoirs, the workings crossing the poles are held at an angle of 3–5 ° to the lines of longwalls of lavas in the pillars, In this case, ventilation openings are made in the upper layer, and conveyor and transport openings - in the lower layer, and groups of said openings are spaced from one another, equal to twice the allowable penetration rate of the cut openings with a single face, conducting cut parallel layers with offset into the column of drifts of the lower layer are carried out by opposing and not less than the total thickness of the reservoir from each other, and the layer is dredged with lavas ahead in the upper layer with respect to to the bottom layer is performed at a distance of from each other at least two maximum sizes of outburst zones on the plan of the upper layer of the reservoir. 1 Aa Fig.Z