SU1638139A1 - Method for preparation of organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to methods for producing organic fertilizers based on hydrolytic lignin and can be used in agriculture. In order to reduce the laboriousness of the method and improve the quality of the fertilizer, it has been proposed to treat the hydrolysis sludge of hydrolyzed lignin previously neutralized with chalk or dolomite dust and compost it with cattle manure at a mass ratio of the components of the neutralized hydrolysis lignin — hydrolytic sludge and neutralized lignin — and –––– –––––––––––––––––– -0.3 and 1: 0.7-1.4, respectively, o The mixture with the specified ratio of components acquires an improved structure, which leads to improved ae conditions compostable mass and eliminates the need for periodic mixing. 2 tab. (Ls

Description

The invention relates to methods for producing organic fertilizers based on hydrolytic lignin and can be used in agriculture.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the complexity of the process and improve the quality of the fertilizer.

Example 1. Mix 555.6 g of neutralized hydrolytic lignin with 55.5 g of hydrolytic sludge (which corresponds to the mass ratio of neutralized hydrolytic lignin - hydrolytic sludge in fertilizer 1: 0.1), and then with 388.9 g of cattle manure ( which corresponds to the mass ratio of components neutralized hydrolysis lignin - cattle manure in fertilizer 1: 0.7) until the components are evenly distributed.

Lignin neutralized by lime., Outward materials, is characterized by the following indicators:

Massowa Dol

moisture% not

more than 70

Acid-free,

ness,% not

more than 0.01

pH in water is 6.2-6.7

Hydrolytic sludge is a multi-tonnage hydrolytic industrial waste 05 00 00

with so

This is characterized by the following indicators:

pH in water Humidity,% Ash content,% Carbon total,%

Total nitrogen,% CN

Ammoniac nitrogen, mg N / 100 g Total phosphorus, 7, Ru05

Mobile phosphorus, mg P O5 / 100 g Total potassium,%

3.0-4.6 61.9-89.6 4.2-72.5

12,5-53,0

0.62-2.32

5.5-32.1

132.6-388.5 0.39-2.46 58.4-657.6 0.14-0.33 79.2-419.3 0.16-4.07

Potassium exchange,

mg CgO / 100 g

Calcium total,% CaO

Calcium is water-soluble,

mg Ca / 100 g 30.0-114.0

Sulfur is common,

% S030.64-9.28

Sulfur is water soluble,

mg S04 / 100 r 245.9-629.2

Sodium water soluble,

mg Na / 100 r 9.2-23.0

Chlorine soluble,

mg Cl / 100 r 1.1-3.9

The moisture content of cattle manure is 65-70%.

The resulting mixture (1000 g of fertilizer) is divided into 2 samples of 500 g each. One of the samples is placed in a cylindrical Dewar with a diameter of 75 mm and a height of 350 mm and closed with a cork stopper. In order to minimize heat exchange with the surrounding medium, the Dewar vessel with fertilizer is placed in another cylindrical Dewar vessel with a base diameter of 210 and a height of 580 mm, which is closed with a metal plug with a cotton wool pad and held in air. 21 8 and 12 days of its aging in Dewar vessels. The other sample is dried at room temperature in air to constant weight and dispersed into fractions 50; 50-20; 20-10; 10-5; 5-1 and 1 mm on the corresponding

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

The screens were shaken on a TWO-Ultrasonic shaker for 5 minutes and the weight ratio of each fraction to the sum of all fractions was determined as a percentage,

EXAMPLE 2: 26.3 g of neutralized hydrolysis lignin is mixed until the components are first distributed with 7.4 tons of hydrolytic sludge (which corresponds to the mass ratio of components of the neutralized hydrolysis lignin - hydrolysis sludge in fertilizer 1: 0.28) then from 26.3 tons of large po-manure. cattle (which corresponds to the mass ratio of the components of the neutralized hydrolytic lignin - manure in fertilizer 1: 1). Get 60 tons of fertilizer, which is kept in clamps for 2 months.

Other examples of the method are given in table 1.

As can be seen from Table 1, the fertilizers obtained by the proposed method are characterized by a lower content of particles less than 1 mm and have a higher temperature of self-heating, than the fertilizers obtained by a known method.

Under the influence of high-molecular compounds of hydrolytic sludge, particles of lignon-compost coagulate to form porous lumpy aggregates, which leads to a decrease in the content of particles in the fertilizer of less than 1 mm, clogging its pores and capillaries).

As a result, the structure, conditions of aeration of the fertilizer are improved, the flow of aerobic processes in it is intensified and the need for its periodic mixing is eliminated. The compounds of the basic character of manure, interacting with the acids of the hydrolytic sludge, neutralize them, contributing to the generation of heat during the first time of composting. Subsequently, self-heating of the fertilizer is intensified due to the joint influence of the enzymes of the microflora of manure and hydrolysis of the fertilizer on the processes of biochemical transformations in the compost during its maturation.

As can be seen from table 1, the increase in the ratio of components neutralized hydrolytic lignin - cattle manure in fertilizer

more than 1: 0.7 is not justified, since its self-heating temperature is lower than that of the known one. The ratio of components neutralized hydrolysis lignin - manure in fertilizer less than 1: 1.4 is not advisable, since in this case the content of particles in the area of component ratios neutralized hydrolysis lignin - hydrolytic sludge 0.04-0.06 changes less than 1 mm in size. and the temperature of self-heating, and with a decrease in the ratio of the components of the neutralized hydrolysis lignin - hydrolytic sludge less than 1: 0.06 in the compost appears a fraction of units larger than 50 mm, degrading its operational properties.

An increase in the ratio of components of the neutralized hydrolytic lignin - hydrolytic sludge in the compost more than 1: 0.08 is not justified, since its self-heating temperature and the content of particles less than 1 mm in size vary slightly (Table 1). For the same reason, it is impractical to note the results of agrochemical tests in the field experiment of composts obtained by the proposed method, in comparison with the known and peat-composted compost are given in Table 2.

The data of Table 2 show that the compost, produced by the proposed method, is not inferior in its efficiency to the well-known and peaty compost.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method of producing organic fertilizer, which includes neutralizing hydrolytic lignin with chalk or dolomite dust, mixing neutralized hydrolytic lignin with cattle manure and composting the mixture, characterized in that, in order to reduce the complexity of the process and improve the quality of the fertilizer, before mixing with large manure cattle neutralized hydrolysis lignin is treated with hydrolysis sludge, while for the preparation of compost 15 20 The ratio of the components of the neutral-30 mass to neutralized hydrolyzed hydrolyzed lignin – hydrolytic lignin, hydrolytic sludge and naphthy sludge in the compost is less than 1: 0.3. cattle are taken in. In this case, the compost appears in a mass ratio of 1: (0.08-0.3): with a fraction of the aggregates larger than 50 mm. : (0.7-1.4). The results of agrochemical tests in field experience of composts obtained by the proposed method, in comparison with the known and peat-based compost are given in table 2. The data of Table 2 show that the compost produced by the proposed method is not inferior in its efficiency to the well-known and peaty compost. Invention Formula A method of producing organic fertilizer, which includes neutralizing hydrolytic lignin with chalk or dolomite dust, mixing neutralized hydrolytic lignin with cattle manure and composting the mixture, characterized in that, in order to reduce the complexity of the process and improve fertilizer quality, before mixing with large manure cattle neutralized hydrolysis lignin is treated with hydrolytic sludge, while for the preparation of compost5 0 1638139 8 Continued table. I Control (without fertilizer) 131.8 Ngop90K 2.o - Background 168.9 Background + peat compost (1: 1) 80 t / ha 186.3 Background + lignonic compost 80 t / ha prototype 184, 5 Background + neutralized hydrolysis lignin + + hydrolysis sludge + manure (1: 0.2: 1) 80 t / ha - proposed method 187.4 P Note, -NSRuo, c / ha - 12.0 Table 2